Unit 9 Optimism and Pessimism-2025-2026学年九年级下册英语重点词汇精讲（教科版）

9年级下教科版 寒假专版 C版词汇核心考点精讲 【寒假专版】 初中·教科版·9年级下Unit9 Optimism and Pessimism 单元词汇总览 pessimism/pesimizam/n.悲观；的：乐观主义的 罕见地 悲观主义 pessimist/'pesimIst//n.悲观主义quit /kwit/.V. (quit/quitted, negatively/'negatrvli/adv.消极者：悲观论者 quit/quitted离开；辞职；放弃 地；否定地；负面地 pessimistic/,pesmmI'stik/adj.悲military/'mrlstri/adj.军事的：军 positively/'pDzativli/adv.积极观的；悲观主义的 用的：军队的n.军队：军方 地：肯定地：确实地 positive/'pDZatIv/adj.积极的：肯heroine/'heraum/n.女英雄；女 centred/'sentad/adj.以…为中定的：正面的n.正数；正片 主角：女豪杰 心的：居中的 hot attack /hot3'tek/短语急性chart /tfa:t/n.图表：海图：排行 cliff /klif/n.悬崖；峭壁 发作 榜V.绘制图表：记录 optimist/'DptimIst/n.乐观主义tend to /tend tu:/短语倾向于；往examining1g'zemn四/v.检查； 者：乐天派 往会：照料 调查；考试(examine的现在分 optimistic/,Dptr'mistik/adj.乐观rarely/reali//adv.很少；难得；词) 词汇核心考点精讲 1.pessimism/pesimizam/n.悲观；悲观主义 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 1个核心义：悲观：悲观主义 ·必记搭配与例句：·the spread of pessimism(悲观情绪的蔓延)：The spread of pessimism made everyone sad. ·重点派生词：●pessimist（名词)：a born pessimist(天生的悲观主义者) ●pessimistic(形容词)：be pessimistic about(对…悲观)：He is pessimistic about the future. 2.negatively/negativli/adv.消极地；负面地 ·核心考点：词性：副词（adv) 2个核心义：消极地：负面地 ·必记搭配与例句：●think negatively(消极思考)：Don't think negatively all the time. ●affect negatively(产生负面影响)：Bad news affects people negatively. ·重点派生词：●negative(形容词)：negative attitude(消极态度)：（名词）：negative number(负 数) 9年级下教科版 寒假专版 3.positively/'pDzatrvli/adv.积极地：肯定地 ·核心考点：词性：副词(adv.) 2个核心义：积极地：肯定地 ·必记搭配与例句：·speak positively(积极发言)：she always speaks positively. ●reply positively(肯定▣复)：He replied positively to the plan ·重点派生词：·positive(形容词)：positive energy(正能量)；（名词)：positiveresult(阳性结果) ●optimistic（形容词，近义)：be optimistic about(对…乐观) 4.centred/'sentad/adj..以…为中心的：居中的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 1个核心义：以…为中心的；居中的 ·必记搭配与例句：●family-centred(以家庭为中心的)：It's a family-centred activity. ●centred on(以…为中心)：The story is centred on a hero. ·重点派生词：●centre(名词)：in the centre of(在…中心)；（动词）：centre on(集中于) 5.optimistic/.Dpt'mIstik/adj.乐观的：乐观主义的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj.) 1个核心义：乐观的：乐观主义的 ·必记搭配与例句：●be optimistic about(对…乐观)：She is optimistic about her exam, ●optimistic attitude（乐观态度)：He has an optimistic attitude. ·重点派生词：·optimist(名词)：a great optimist(一个非常乐观的人) ●optimism(名词)：the power of optimism(乐观的力量) 6.pessimistic/,pesmI'stik/adj.悲观的；悲观主义的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj.) 1个核心义：悲观的：悲观主义的 ·必记搭配与例句：●be pessimistic about(对…悲观)：My father is pessimistic about the weather.. ●pessimistic view(悲观看法)：He holds a pessimistic view. ·重点派生词：·pessimist（名词)：act like a pessimist(表现得像个悲观主义者) ●pessimism(名词)：the feeling of pessimism(悲观的情绪) 7.tend to /tend tu:/短语倾向于；往往会 ·核心考点：词性：短语动词 1个核心义：倾向于：往往会 ·必记搭配与例句：·tend to do sth.(倾向于做某事)：Children tend to love animals ●tend to be(往往是)：She tends to be quiet in class 9年级下教科版 寒假专版 ·用法辨析：●tend to强调习惯性倾向，比often更正式：He tends to get up early.(他习惯早起) 8.rarely/'reali//adv.很少：难得 ·核心考点：词性：副词(adv.) 1个核心义：很少：难得 ·必记搭配与例句：·rarely eat out(很少外出吃饭)：We rarely eat out on weekdays. ●rarely+倒装：Rarely does she watch TV..(她很少看电视) ·用法提示：·位于句首时句子部分倒装，类似词：seldom,hardly 9.quit /kwit/v.离开；辞职；放弃 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v) 2个核心义：离开：放弃 ·必记搭配与例句：●quit doing sth.(放弃做某事)：My brother quit smoking last year, ·quit school(辍学)：He had to quit school for illness. ·词形变化：·过去式/过去分词：quit/quitted:She quit/quitted her job yesterday. 10.military/'milstri/adj.军事的；n.军队 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj):名词(n.) 2个核心义：军事的(adj.):军队(n.) ·必记搭配与例句：●military training(军事训练)：They have military training every week. ●the military(军队)：He joined the military at 18. ·用法提示：●作名词时常用the military(总称)，谓语用单数/复数均可 11.examining1g'zenm)/v.检查；调查；考试 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v) 1个核心义：检查；调查：考试(examine的现在分词) ·必记搭配与例句：●examine carefully(仔细检查)：The doctor is examining the patient carefully. ·examine the problem(调查问题)：We need to examine the problem first, ·重点派生词：·examination(名词)：final examination(期末考试) ●exam(名词，缩写)：mid-term exam(期中考试) 12.positive/'pDZ3tIv/ad.积极的：n.正数 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj):名词(n.) 2个核心义：积极的(adj.):正数(n.) ·必记搭配与例句：·positive influence(积极影响)：Her words have a positive influence on me ●positive number(正数)：Three is a positive number. 9年级下教科版 寒假专版 ·用法辨析：●positive(积极的)vs active(活跃的)：He has a positive attitude and is active in work. 13.optimist/'DptrmIst/n.乐观主义者：乐天派 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 1个核心义：乐观主义者：乐天派 ·必记搭配与例句：●a real optimist(一个真正的乐天派)：My mother is a real optimist. ●optimist about life（对生话乐观的人)：He is an optimist about life ·对应词：●pessimist(名词)：optimist and pessimist(乐观主义者和悲观主义者) 14.pessimist/'pesimIst/.n.悲观主义者；悲观论者 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 1个核心义：悲观主义者：悲观论者 ·必记搭配与例句：·a pessimist by nature(天生的悲观主义者)：He is a pessimist by nature. ·对应词：●optimist(名词)：Optimists see hope,pessimists see difficulty. 15.optimist/'DptrmIst//n.乐观主义者：乐天派 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 1个核心义：乐观主义者；乐天派 ·必记搭配与例句：·an optimist(一个乐观主义者)：She is an optimist who always smiles ·重点派生词：·optimistic(形容词)：be optimistic about(对…乐观)：He is optimistic about his study. 词汇核心考点综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.My mother always tells me not to think when facing problems. ·A.positively ●B.negatively ●C.centred ·D.rarely 2.We should try to reply to others'suggestions if we agree with them. 9年级下教科版 寒假专版 ·A.pessimistic ●B.optimistic ●C.positively ·D.negatively 3.The little girl is a born she always believes everything will be better. ·A.pessimist ·B.optimist ●C.pessimism ●D.optimism 4.People in this country tend spend time with family on weekends. 。A.to 。B.for 。C.at ·D.with 5.Heis about his future because he has prepared well for the exam. ·A.pessimistic ●B.optimistic 。C.positive ●D.negative 6.My brother smoking last month and now he feels much healthier. ·A.quited ●B.quits ●C.quit 9年级下教科版 寒假专版 ●D.quitting 7.The story is on a brave boy who saved his village. ●A.centre ●B.centring 。C.centred ●D.centres 8.She rarely late for school,but today she missed the bus. ·A.is ●B.was ·C.be ●D.been 9.The training is very strict,but it helps students build strong bodies. ●A.military ●B.amy ●C.soldier ●D.war 10.It's important to have a attitude when solving difficult problems. ·A.negative ●B.positive ·C.pessimistic ·D.rarely 2.二、根据提示补全句子 1.She has a (pessimism)view about the weather tomorrow. 2.The teacher asked us to speak (positive)during the discussion. 9年级下教科版 寒假专版 3.My father is an (optimism)who always finds hope in difficulties. 4.Students should avoid (think)negatively before exams. 5.The activity is (centre)on helping children in poor areas. 6.He decided (quit)his job and travel around the world. 3.三、首字母填空 1.Don't be p about your grades;you can improve with hard work. 2.The spread of p. made everyone feel sad during the difficult time. 3.Sher goes shopping on weekdays because she is too busy 4.The story is c. on a young girl's journey to find her family. 5.Children t to ask many questions when they are curious. 4.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1B2.C3B4.A5B6.C7.C8.A9.A10B ·二、根据提示补全句子 1pessimistic 2.positively 3.optimist 4.thinking 5.centred 6.to quit ·三、首字母填空 1.pessimistic 2.pessimism 3.rarely 4.centred 5.tend