内容正文:
沪教英语(五四学制)八下Unit5语法讲解及习题
宾语从句(II)
一、语法核心概念
当宾语从句源自一般疑问句(能用Yes/No回答的问句)时,必须用 whether 或 if 引导,且从句需严格遵循陈述语序(主语在前,谓语在后),核心含义为“是否”。
二、核心用法
1. 引导词:if / whether
两者多数情况下可互换,均表示“是否”,引导源自一般疑问句的宾语从句。
例句 :
I want to know if / whether we should prepare for natural disasters.
She asked if / whether it was a typhoon.
2. 三大关键规则
(1)语序规则
从句必须用陈述语序(主语+谓语),不能用疑问语序。
正确:I don't know if he will come.(主语he在前,谓语will come在后)
错误:I don't know if will he come.(疑问语序,错误)
(2)时态规则
① 主句是一般现在时,从句用所需时态(根据句意判断);
② 主句是一般过去时,从句用过去的对应时态(保持时态一致)。
例句:
She asks if we need to learn disaster knowledge.(主句现在时,从句现在时)
She asked if we needed to learn disaster knowledge.(主句过去时,从句过去时)
(3)if 与 whether 的区别
多数情况可互换,1种基础区别需掌握 :
与 or not 连用时,只能用 whether(if 不可)。
例句:I wonder whether or not we can stay safe during a disaster.
三、习题训练
用 if 或 whether 填空
1. I wonder ___________ we should stay indoors during a thunderstorm.
2. She asked ___________ our school gives us enough disaster education.
3. They don't know ___________ the typhoon will arrive tomorrow.
4. I want to know ___________ or not we can predict an earthquake.
句型转换
1. "Can we predict an earthquake?" She wants to know.
→ She wants to know ___________ ___________ ___________ predict an earthquake.
2. "Is disaster education important?" They ask.
→ They ask ___________ disaster education ___________ important.
3. "Will the typhoon arrive tomorrow?" I ask.
→ I ask ___________ the typhoon ___________ arrive tomorrow.
单项选择
1. I wonder ___________ we are having more natural disasters than before.
A. that B. if C. what D. why
2. She asked ___________ we should get out of bed when an earthquake happens.
A. that B. if C. what D. why
3. He wants to know ___________ or not we can prepare for the disaster.
A. that B. if C. whether D. why
四、答案与解析
用 if 或 whether 填空
1. if / whether(引导一般疑问句宾语从句,无特殊要求,可互换)
2. if / whether(主句过去时,从句时态呼应,引导词可互换)
3. if / whether(从句为一般将来时,引导词可互换)
4. whether(与or not连用,只能用whether)
句型转换
1. if / whether; we; can(遵循陈述语序,主句现在时,从句时态不变)
2. if / whether; is(陈述语序,从句主语是disaster education,谓语用is)
3. if / whether; will(陈述语序,主句现在时,从句将来时不变)
单项选择
1. B(引导一般疑问句宾语从句,用if/whether,其余选项不符合句意)
2. B(同上,引导“是否应该做某事”的宾语从句,用if)
3. C(与or not连用,只能用whether)
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