专题7 过去进行时（语法培优）-【优秀生培养计划-巩固与提升】2025-2026学年 译林版英语八年级上册寒假作业 快人一步系列

优秀生培养计划 专题-7 过去进行时（新教材译林版） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 能力专项培优 解题综合提升 一、过去进行时 用法介绍 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作，强调动作的持续性或正在进行的状态，常与特定时间状语搭配使用。其结构为 “was/were + 动词 - ing 形式”。 句式类型 结构 示例 肯定句 主语 + was/were + 动词 - ing + 其他 She was reading at 8 p.m. last night.（昨晚 8 点她正在读书。） 否定句 主语 + was/were + not + 动词 - ing + 其他 They were not watching TV at that time.（那时他们没在看电视。） 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 动词 - ing + 其他？ Were you listening to music just now?（刚才你在听音乐吗？） 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 动词 - ing + 其他？ What was he doing this morning?（今天早上他在做什么？） 注意事项 1. 动词使用限制：部分动词不用于进行时，如表示心理状态的动词（love, hate, know）、感官动词（see, hear, taste）、短暂性动词（decide, stop）等（如错误：He was knowing the answer. 正确：He knew the answer.）。 2. 与一般过去时的区别：过去进行时强调 “正在进行的动作”，一般过去时强调 “已完成的动作”（如 He was writing a letter when I called.（我打电话时他正在写信。→过去进行时表持续动作）；He wrote a letter yesterday.（他昨天写了一封信。→一般过去时表完成动作））。 一、单项选择 1．The boys were playing football on the playground ________ the rainstorm came. A．when B．while C．until D．after 2．—Sandy, what is your plan for the coming winter holiday? —Pardon? I’m sorry. I ________ about something else. A．think B．thought C．am thinking D．was thinking 3．—We couldn't find you anywhere around 8:00 yesterday evening. —I'm sorry for it. My mother and I in the square. A．danced B．will dance C．were dancing D．are dancing 4．I ________ a novel when the telephone rang last night. A．read B．was reading C．am reading D．have read 5．Tim ______ a detective story written by Arthur Conan Doyle this time yesterday. A．read B．reads C．was reading D．is reading 6．I was observing and copying the behaviors of my cat ________ my mom came in ________ with shock. A．when; freezing B．while; frozen C．when; frozen D．while; freezing 7．---Who_______ making a kite out of wood?    ---Peter is. A．is B．shall C．will D．is going to 8． Mary with her parents often ______ a walk in the park after supper. A．have B．is having C．are having D．has 9．—Why is the music room so noisy? —Some students ________ for the talent show there. A．practice B．practiced C．will practice D．are practicing 10．—I __________ you here, but you didn’t come. —I’m terribly sorry. I was too busy to remember it. A．would expect B．was expecting C．am expecting D．have expected 11．When the lightning hit a nearby building, Mike ________ the news on TV. A．watches B．will watch C．is watching D．was watching 12．—Why didn’t you answer my phone call at 3 p.m. yesterday? —Oh, I’m sorry. I ________ an exciting football match at that time. A．watch B．watched C．am watching D．was watching. 13．—Did you talk to Mr. Wang when you passed the office? —Yes. But he ______ his lesson plan carefully, so I said hello and left quietly. A．makes B．made C．was making D．will make 14．—I called you at half past nine this morning, but there was no answer. —Oh, sorry, I________ with my cousin in the supermarket. A．shop B．was shopping C．shopped D．will shop 15．—I saw Mr. Smith in the office at ten yesterday morning. —That’s impossible. He ________ an English party with us then. A．has B．had C．was having D．has had 二、完成句子 16．昨晚10点，我正在浏览桌上的报纸。 Last night at 10 o’clock, I was the newspapers on the table. 17．Su Yang is eating some dumplings now. (用 just now 改写句子) Su Yang dumplings just now. 18．I was doing my homework when my father got home. (对画线部分提问) you when your father got home? 19．方特游乐园的过山车高速移动，整个乘坐过程中我们都在尖叫大笑。 The roller coaster in Fantawild Adventure Theme Park moved and we were through the whole ride. 20．当时，李莉正在复习功课，而我正在浏览新闻。 At that moment, Lily the news. 21．Joan was playing volleyball at 4:00 yesterday afternoon.(对画线部分提问) Joan at 4:00 yesterday afternoon? 22．The baby birds were waiting for their mother then.（对画线部分提问） were the baby birds then? 23．My father often reads newspapers at seven every day. (用at this time yesterday 改写句子) My father newspapers at this time yesterday. 24．你打电话的时候那对双胞胎在干什么？ when you called? 25．They watch a film. (用from 4 p.m. to 6 p.m. yesterday改写) They a film from 4 p.m. to 6 p.m. yesterday. 26．那时琳达正和她的朋友们坐在河边。 Linda her friends by the river at that time. 27．They are watching TV in the living room now.(用 at 10 o’clock yesterday 替换 now 改写句子) They TV in the living room at 10 o’clock yesterday 28．I was watching the birds when the rain started.（改写成一般疑问句） you the birds when the rain started? 29．当我正尝试让我自己冷静下来时，火警突然响了。 When I to , the fire alarm suddenly went off. 30．外面，碎玻璃和碎砖块纷纷掉落下来，人们四处逃散。 Outside, people were running while pieces of glass and bricks were . 三、语法填空 Passage 1 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文内容完整、正确。 It was a very special day because Dylan Terry came to the West End Children’s Home! Dylan Terry is one of my favorite 1 (sing). I like him because he not only sings wonderfully 2 also helps the kids a lot. We were so excited that we couldn’t wait 3 (run) to the door to welcome him. Finally, he appeared with a warm smile. How nice he was! He sang several songs 4 us. All of us 5 (attract) by him. Later, some of us even started dancing when he sang the 6 (five) song. To our joy, Dylan joined us for lunch. He brought us a big cake. While we 7 (eat), Dylan told us many interesting stories about himself. I never 8 (think) I could talk to my favorite pop star. It was just 9 a dream. I 10 (remember) this unforgettable experience forever (永远). Passage 2 根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空使短文完整。 Recently our class had a 1 (discuss) about if we should help strangers. Different students have different ideas. Some think we should help strangers. Helping others is a virtue (美德), and helping others is helping 2 (we). We may meet some 3 (trouble) and need 4 (other) help some day. If everyone isn’t willing to help us just because we are strangers to them, it’s hard to imagine (想象) what our world will be like. However, some are afraid that helping others can sometimes bring us trouble. Sometimes we have to pay the cost of 5 (kind). In my opinion, it is good for us to help the strangers in trouble. Yesterday afternoon, while I 6 (walk) past a shop, I saw one of my classmates help an old lady cross the road. It is so kind of him to do like that. I think we should try our best 7 (help) others when they are in need of help, but we should also keep safe instead of 8 (get) into trouble. If everyone tries a little, our world 9 (be) full of love. Besides, our society can become much 10 (good). Passage 3 请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式，使短文通顺、连贯。 It was an unusual day when our teacher announced a speech competition in our class. Most of the students 1 (prefer) to avoid speaking in public, but this time, every student in our grade 2 (require) to take part. I felt nervous—delivering a speech in front of the whole class seemed impossible, especially since I had never done anything like this before. While I 3 (wonder) whether to give up or not, my English teacher noticed my hesitation and encouraged me to try. She said, “Don’t fear mistakes. Just speak from the heart.” “Believe in 4 (you), and you can make it.” Her kind words gave me the courage to make an important 5 (decide). I would have a go, no matter how scared I felt. For the next two weeks, I worked hard, practicing my speech every day after school. I wanted to make sure I could present my thoughts clearly and 6 (correct). My parents praised my determination, though they reminded me that success wasn’t just about 7 (win). It was about doing my best. On the competition day, my hands shook as I stood on stage. To my 8 (surprised), as I began speaking, the audience was actually listening carefully. When I finished, several classmates came up to praise me. Later, when the judges announced the results, I couldn’t believe it. I had won second place! This experience taught me some 9 (value) lessons. Encouragement from others can help us achieve things we thought were impossible. Sometimes we need to push through our fears 10 (discover) our true abilities. Now, whenever I feel nervous about speaking up, I remember that unusual day—the day I learned that every challenge is an opportunity for growth. Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。 Liu Hao is a cleaner. He has worked in a park for 7 years. He is also 1 good father. Nothing can make him 2 (happy) than playing with his little daughter in his free time. Yesterday afternoon, while he 3 (clean) the park, suddenly, he heard a woman crying for help. He 4 (run) up quickly to see what happened. The woman’s 8-month-old baby girl choked (窒息) on a small piece of pear and her face turned purple. The baby was too young to save herself, and the mother was so nervous that she didn’t know how to save her daughter properly. Luckily, Liu Hao knew what to do and made a quick 5 (decide). He took the baby in his arms without thinking 6 (two). 7 the mother’s help, Liu Hao held the baby upside down 8 gave her a few pats (轻拍) on the back. After a short while, he succeeded in 9 (get) the piece of pear out of her mouth and the baby began to cry. Her mother was so thankful because her daughter 10 (save). Passage 5 根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空使短文完整。 For Pineda, it was a long way to succeed. His story began in El Salvador, where he was born with something wrong with his mouth. He had great trouble 1 (speak). At age 2, his family’s house burned down. Pineda was hurt badly, and his legs needed to be cut. His mother died when he was 8, and he spent years on the streets before he 2 (take) in by an orphanage (孤儿院). Finally, at the orphanage, Pineda began to receive support and encouragement. He taught 3 (he) to play the guitar. He began his group with other musicians. Then the group went to Chicago, while they 4 (play) music, Pineda attracted the attention of many people, who wondered what they could do 5 (help) him. A hospital offered him free 6 (medicine) care. A rich man 7 (agree) to pay for Pineda’s tickets to and from El Salvador. When he was in the hospital, Pineda began writing music, and wondered if he 8 (can) record his own album (音乐专辑). Soon with the help of a musician, “The Sound of Gratitude (感激)” was born. On October 15th, Pineda went to a club to sing his new songs to strangers. After singing, he said to the listeners: “I 9 (meet) so many difficulties so far, but luckily so many kind people have given their hands to me, I’m really thankful.” It was true that Pineda had come into such a good 10 (lucky), after having so many years of hardship (艰难). “We have an unusual experience in El Salvador, ‘Suffer (受难) first, then enjoy’. I guess that’s what is happening.” he said. Passage 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。（每空不限填一词） Do you love cartoons? Are you a regular visitor to Xiaohongshu or Bilibili? If so, you may have seen Mi Lei, also known as Lei Yumeng. She steps in and out of different cartoon worlds. In one video, she is a fashionable lady. In another, she plays with dragons while dressed 1 traditional Chinese clothing. Her 2 (create) videos look magical. But Lei is an artist, not a magician. Lei showed an interest in painting from 3 early age. But she didn’t take it seriously 4 high school. In art classes, seeing a talented girl draw easily, she 5 (simple) couldn’t believe it. Instead of giving up, she tried her best to catch up. Once, while she 6 (draw) a picture, Lei noticed someone behind her. It was that girl. “You draw very well,” she said. The simple praise filled Lei with 7 (confident). She started to work even harder. Later, Lei studied art in the U.S. and was interested in storyboarding — using pictures to tell stories. During the COVID-19 pandemic (疾病大流行), when she was stuck at home, she decided to devote herself to 8 (try) something new. She came up with the idea of mixing real life and cartoons. Her videos became so popular that other artists started to copy 9 (she). Every time people watch Lei’s amazing works, they 10 (remind) of the hard work behind her success. Since you’ve read Lei’s story, you know clearly that it’s not all luck and magic! 8 / 8乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $优秀生培养计划 专题-7 过去进行时（新教材译林版） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 能力专项培优 解题综合提升 一、过去进行时 用法介绍 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作，强调动作的持续性或正在进行的状态，常与特定时间状语搭配使用。其结构为 “was/were + 动词 - ing 形式”。 句式类型 结构 示例 肯定句 主语 + was/were + 动词 - ing + 其他 She was reading at 8 p.m. last night.（昨晚 8 点她正在读书。） 否定句 主语 + was/were + not + 动词 - ing + 其他 They were not watching TV at that time.（那时他们没在看电视。） 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 动词 - ing + 其他？ Were you listening to music just now?（刚才你在听音乐吗？） 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 动词 - ing + 其他？ What was he doing this morning?（今天早上他在做什么？） 注意事项 1. 动词使用限制：部分动词不用于进行时，如表示心理状态的动词（love, hate, know）、感官动词（see, hear, taste）、短暂性动词（decide, stop）等（如错误：He was knowing the answer. 正确：He knew the answer.）。 2. 与一般过去时的区别：过去进行时强调 “正在进行的动作”，一般过去时强调 “已完成的动作”（如 He was writing a letter when I called.（我打电话时他正在写信。→过去进行时表持续动作）；He wrote a letter yesterday.（他昨天写了一封信。→一般过去时表完成动作））。 一、单项选择 1．The boys were playing football on the playground ________ the rainstorm came. A．when B．while C．until D．after 【答案】A 【详解】句意：暴风雨来临时，男孩们正在操场上踢足球。 考查连词辨析。when当……时；while在……期间；until直到；after在……之后。主句“The boys were playing football”表示持续进行的动作，而从句“the rainstorm came”描述的是瞬间发生的动作，应用when引导时间状语从句。故选A。 2．—Sandy, what is your plan for the coming winter holiday? —Pardon? I’m sorry. I ________ about something else. A．think B．thought C．am thinking D．was thinking 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——桑迪，你对即将到来的寒假有什么计划？——什么？对不起，我刚才在想别的事情。 考查动词时态。根据“I’m sorry”及“about something else”可知，此处是在解释刚才没有听到对方说话的原因，因为刚才正在想别的事情，所以应该用过去进行时。故选D。 3．—We couldn't find you anywhere around 8:00 yesterday evening. —I'm sorry for it. My mother and I in the square. A．danced B．will dance C．were dancing D．are dancing 【答案】C 【详解】句意:昨晚8点左右我们在哪也找不到你。我对此报歉。我妈妈和我正在广场跳舞。 时间状语是8:00 yesterday evening:昨晚8点左右，据句意所以应该用过去进行时，故选C。 4．I ________ a novel when the telephone rang last night. A．read B．was reading C．am reading D．have read 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨晚电话响时，我正在读小说。 考查时态。when引导的从句时态为一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，表示从句动作发生时，主句动作正在进行。主语是I，be动词用was。故选B。 5．Tim ______ a detective story written by Arthur Conan Doyle this time yesterday. A．read B．reads C．was reading D．is reading 【答案】C 【详解】句意：蒂姆昨天这个时候正在读一本由亚瑟•柯南•道尔写的侦探小说。A. read    动词原形；B. reads第三人称单数形式；C. was reading过去进行时态；D. is reading现在进行时态。过去进行时表示在过去某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作或状态。其构成是：was/were+现在分词。根据时间状语this time yesterday，结合给出的四个选项，因此可知这句话的意思是"蒂姆昨天这个时候正在读一本由亚瑟•柯南•道尔写的侦探小说"，可知，此空故填was reading，故选C。 6．I was observing and copying the behaviors of my cat ________ my mom came in ________ with shock. A．when; freezing B．while; frozen C．when; frozen D．while; freezing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我正在观察和模仿我的猫的行为，这时我妈妈震惊地走进来，呆住了。 考查连词辨析和非谓语动词。when当……时候，从句中的动词可以是短暂性动词或延续性动词；while当……时候，从句中的动词常用延续性动词。分析句子结构可知，第一空所在句为“be doing...when...”结构，意为“正在……这时……”，所以第一空应用when；freezing是现在分词，意为“冻结的，冰冷的”，frozen是过去分词，意为“惊呆的，冻僵的”。根据语境可知，第二空所在句表示妈妈震惊地走进来，呆住了，所以第二空应用frozen，表示“惊呆的”。故选C。 7．---Who_______ making a kite out of wood?    ---Peter is. A．is B．shall C．will D．is going to 【答案】A 【详解】试题分析：句意：---谁准备用木头做风筝？---皮特。A. is是，后接ving构成进行时； B. shall将要；C. will将要； D is going to准备，将要。由答语Peter is.可知，问句中也要有is，A结构不正确。故选D。 考点：考查动词。 8． Mary with her parents often ______ a walk in the park after supper. A．have B．is having C．are having D．has 【答案】D 【详解】试题分析：句意:Mary和她的父母经常晚饭后在公园里散步。have 有；is having 现在进行时态；are having 现在进行时；has第三人称单数形式。have a walk 散步，是固定短语。这句话的主语是Mary with her parents，中心词是Mary，谓语动词应该用单数形式。根据句意可知，这里应该用一般现在时态，故选D。 考点：考查动词时态。 9．—Why is the music room so noisy? —Some students ________ for the talent show there. A．practice B．practiced C．will practice D．are practicing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——音乐室为何如此嘈杂？——一些学生正在那里为才艺表演排练。 考查动词时态。根据“Why is the music room so noisy?”可知，空处应是描述正在发生的动作，需现在进行时，其结构为be doing，主语Some students为名词复数，be动词用are。故选D。 10．—I __________ you here, but you didn’t come. —I’m terribly sorry. I was too busy to remember it. A．would expect B．was expecting C．am expecting D．have expected 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我以为你会在这里，但你没有来。——我很抱歉。我太忙了，忘了这件事。 考查时态。would expect过去将来时；was expecting过去进行时；am expecting    现在进行时；have expected现在完成时；根据“I __________ you here, but you didn’t come. ”我 你会在这里，但你没有来，此处是那个时间做什么，所以用过去进行时，故选B。 11．When the lightning hit a nearby building, Mike ________ the news on TV. A．watches B．will watch C．is watching D．was watching 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当闪电击中附近的一栋建筑时，迈克正在电视上看新闻。 考查动词的时态。watches观看，一般现在时；will watch将观看，一般将来时；is watching正在观看，现在进行时；was watching正在观看，过去进行时。根据从句“When the lightning hit a nearby building”中的“hit”可知，从句时态为一般过去时，主句动作发生在过去某个时间点，且强调“正在看电视”，应用过去进行时。故选D。 12．—Why didn’t you answer my phone call at 3 p.m. yesterday? —Oh, I’m sorry. I ________ an exciting football match at that time. A．watch B．watched C．am watching D．was watching. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——昨天下午3点你为什么没接我电话？——哦，抱歉，我当时正在看一场激动人心的足球赛。 考查动词时态。根据问句中“at 3 p.m. yesterday”可知，此处描述的是昨天下午三点正在进行的动作，时态应使用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+现在分词”，故选D。 13．—Did you talk to Mr. Wang when you passed the office? —Yes. But he ______ his lesson plan carefully, so I said hello and left quietly. A．makes B．made C．was making D．will make 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你经过办公室时和王老师说话了吗？——是的。但他当时正在认真地写教案，所以我打了声招呼就悄悄离开了。 考查过去进行时。根据语境，当“我”经过办公室时，王老师正在专注地写教案，强调过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时。故选C。 14．—I called you at half past nine this morning, but there was no answer. —Oh, sorry, I________ with my cousin in the supermarket. A．shop B．was shopping C．shopped D．will shop 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我今天早上九点半给你打电话，但没有人接。——哦，对不起，我和表弟在超市买东西。 考查时态。shop 购物，动词原形；was shopping 正在购物，用于现在进行时；shopped 购物，用于一般过去时；will shop 将要购物，用于一般将来时。根据语境“at half past nine this morning 今早九点半”可知答话者说的是在今早九点半他正在购物，表示过去正在干某事用过去进行时，故选B。 15．—I saw Mr. Smith in the office at ten yesterday morning. —That’s impossible. He ________ an English party with us then. A．has B．had C．was having D．has had 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨天上午10点我在办公室见到了史密斯先生。——这是不可能的。那时他正在和我们一起开英语派对。 考查过去进行时。根据句中的时间关键词“at ten yesterday morning”可知指过去的某个时间正在发生的事情，应用过去进行时。故选C。 二、完成句子 16．昨晚10点，我正在浏览桌上的报纸。 Last night at 10 o’clock, I was the newspapers on the table. 【答案】looking through 【详解】look through“浏览”，was与现在分词构成过去进行时结构，故填looking through。 17．Su Yang is eating some dumplings now. (用 just now 改写句子) Su Yang dumplings just now. 【答案】 was eating 【详解】句意：苏阳正在吃饺子。原句是现在进行时，根据“just now”可知，改为了过去的时间点，因此用过去进行时“was/were doing”，主语是“Su Yang”，be动词填was，动词填现在分词。故填was；eating。 18．I was doing my homework when my father got home. (对画线部分提问) you when your father got home? 【答案】 What were doing 【详解】句意：当我父亲到家的时候，我正在做作业。划线部分为“doing my homework”，是对做什么事情的提问，应用特殊疑问词what，并置于句首；再根据“was doing”可知，本句时态为过去进行时；当主语为第一人称I时，要变为第二人称you，was也需变为对应的were，疑问句时，需把were提到主语you前。故填What；were；doing。 19．方特游乐园的过山车高速移动，整个乘坐过程中我们都在尖叫大笑。 The roller coaster in Fantawild Adventure Theme Park moved and we were through the whole ride. 【答案】 at high speed screaming and laughing 【详解】表示“高速”应用短语at high speed；scream and laugh表示“尖叫大笑”，结合“were”和题干可知，这里是过去进行时，动词用现在分词。故填at high speed；screaming and laughing。 20．当时，李莉正在复习功课，而我正在浏览新闻。 At that moment, Lily the news. 【答案】was reviewing lessons while I was looking through 【详解】review lessons“复习功课”，while“当……时”，look through“浏览”，强调过去正在发生的事情，用过去进行时的结构，Lily是第三人称单数形式，助动词是was，根据I可知，助动词也用was，故填was reviewing lessons while I was looking through。 21．Joan was playing volleyball at 4:00 yesterday afternoon.(对画线部分提问) Joan at 4:00 yesterday afternoon? 【答案】 What was doing 【详解】句意：昨天下午4点，琼在打排球。划线部分表示做的事情，对此提问用疑问词what，was放在主语前，故填What；was；doing。 22．The baby birds were waiting for their mother then.（对画线部分提问） were the baby birds then? 【答案】 What doing 【详解】句意：幼鸟当时正在等它们的妈妈。根据题干，被划线部分是动作，时态是过去进行时，应用“What were/was...doing?”提问。故填What；doing。 23．My father often reads newspapers at seven every day. (用at this time yesterday 改写句子) My father newspapers at this time yesterday. 【答案】 was reading 【详解】句意：每天我爸爸经常在7点钟读报纸。用“at this time yesterday”来改写句子，句子时态要改为过去进行时，其结构是was/were+doing，My father作主语，be动词用was。故填was；reading。 24．你打电话的时候那对双胞胎在干什么？ when you called? 【答案】What were the twins doing 【详解】“那对双胞胎”是the twins，“在干什么”应用what引导的特殊疑问句来提问，位于句首，首字母要大写，根据“when you called”句子应用过去进行时，主语the twins是复数名词，因此谓语动词用were doing。故填What were the twins doing。 25．They watch a film. (用from 4 p.m. to 6 p.m. yesterday改写) They a film from 4 p.m. to 6 p.m. yesterday. 【答案】were watching 【详解】句意：他们看电影。根据“from 4 p.m. to 6 p.m. yesterday”可知，此处表达的是过去某一段时间内一直在做的事情，应用过去进行时，主语是they，be动词用were，故填were watching。 26．那时琳达正和她的朋友们坐在河边。 Linda her friends by the river at that time. 【答案】was sitting with 【详解】根据题干可知，空处缺少“正和……坐在”，时态为过去进行时，主语Linda为三单形式，be动词用was；用动词sit表示“坐”，此处应用动词现在分词形式；用介词with表示“和”。故填was sitting with。 27．They are watching TV in the living room now.(用 at 10 o’clock yesterday 替换 now 改写句子) They TV in the living room at 10 o’clock yesterday 【答案】 were watching 【详解】句意：他们正在客厅看电视。根据“at 10 o’clock yesterday”可知，此状语表示过去的某一时刻，而发生在过去某一时刻的动作应用过去进行时，结构为：was/were doing，主语They为复数，be动词用were，此处指看电视用watch，现在分词形式为watching。故填were；watching。 28．I was watching the birds when the rain started.（改写成一般疑问句） you the birds when the rain started? 【答案】 Were watching 【详解】句意：下雨的时候，我正在看鸟儿。句子为含有be动词的一般疑问句，且时态为过去进行时态，变一般疑问句时，be动词提前，主语为“you”，所以句首be动词为were；其后跟watching。故填Were；watching。 29．当我正尝试让我自己冷静下来时，火警突然响了。 When I to , the fire alarm suddenly went off. 【答案】 was trying calm myself down 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“正尝试让我自己冷静下来”。“正尝试”需用过去进行时，结构为“was/were+现在分词”。“让自己冷静下来”的固定短语为“calm oneself down”。主语是I，我自己对应反身代词myself，故填was；trying； calm；myself；down。 30．外面，碎玻璃和碎砖块纷纷掉落下来，人们四处逃散。 Outside, people were running while pieces of glass and bricks were . 【答案】 in all directions falling down 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，第一空意为“四处”，英文表达是in all directions；第二空意为“掉落”，英文表达是fall down，主语pieces of glass and bricks和动词fall之间是主动关系，空格前有be动词were，所以fall用动词-ing形式falling。故填in all directions；falling down。 三、语法填空 Passage 1 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文内容完整、正确。 It was a very special day because Dylan Terry came to the West End Children’s Home! Dylan Terry is one of my favorite 1 (sing). I like him because he not only sings wonderfully 2 also helps the kids a lot. We were so excited that we couldn’t wait 3 (run) to the door to welcome him. Finally, he appeared with a warm smile. How nice he was! He sang several songs 4 us. All of us 5 (attract) by him. Later, some of us even started dancing when he sang the 6 (five) song. To our joy, Dylan joined us for lunch. He brought us a big cake. While we 7 (eat), Dylan told us many interesting stories about himself. I never 8 (think) I could talk to my favorite pop star. It was just 9 a dream. I 10 (remember) this unforgettable experience forever (永远). 【答案】 1. singers 2. but 3. to run 4. for 5. were attracted 6. fifth 7. were eating 8. thought 9. like 10. will remember 【导语】本文讲述了歌手Dylan Terry来到West End儿童之家，与孩子们共度美好时光的故事。 1. 句意：Dylan Terry是我最喜欢的歌手之一。根据“Dylan Terry is one of my favorite...”可知，此处是“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构，表示“……最……之一”，所以此处用名词复数singers“歌手”。故填singers。 2. 句意：我喜欢他，因为他不仅唱得好，而且对孩子们帮助很大。根据“he not only sings wonderfully...helps the kids a lot”可知，此处是not only...but also...“不仅……而且……”结构，连接两个并列的谓语。故填but。 3. 句意：我们非常兴奋，迫不及待地跑到门口去欢迎他。根据“couldn’t wait...to the door to welcome him”可知，此处是can’t/couldn’t wait to do sth.“迫不及待做某事”，所以此处用动词不定式。故填to run。 4. 句意：他为我们唱了几首歌。根据“He sang several songs...us.”可知，此处指他为我们唱歌，for“为了”，介词。故填for。 5. 句意：我们都被他吸引了。根据“All of us...by him.”可知，主语和动词之间是被动关系，结合前文语境可知，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were attracted。 6. 句意：后来，我们中的一些人甚至在他唱第五首歌时开始跳舞。根据“the...(five) song”可知，此处指第五首歌，用序数词fifth“第五”表示顺序。故填fifth。 7. 句意：当我们吃的时候，Dylan给我们讲了许多关于他自己的有趣故事。根据“While we...(eat)”可知，此处指当我们正在吃的时候，用过去进行时，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were eating。 8. 句意：我从没想过我能和我最喜欢的流行歌星说话。根据“I never...(think) I could talk to my favorite pop star.”可知，此处指从没想过能和自己最喜欢的流行歌星说话，用一般过去时，think“认为”的过去式是thought。故填thought。 9. 句意：这就像一个梦。根据“It was just...a dream.”可知，此处指就像一个梦，like“像”，介词。故填like。 10. 句意：我将永远记住这段难忘的经历。根据“I...(remember) this unforgettable experience forever (永远).”可知，此处指将永远记住这段难忘的经历，用一般将来时will do结构。故填will remember。 Passage 2 根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空使短文完整。 Recently our class had a 1 (discuss) about if we should help strangers. Different students have different ideas. Some think we should help strangers. Helping others is a virtue (美德), and helping others is helping 2 (we). We may meet some 3 (trouble) and need 4 (other) help some day. If everyone isn’t willing to help us just because we are strangers to them, it’s hard to imagine (想象) what our world will be like. However, some are afraid that helping others can sometimes bring us trouble. Sometimes we have to pay the cost of 5 (kind). In my opinion, it is good for us to help the strangers in trouble. Yesterday afternoon, while I 6 (walk) past a shop, I saw one of my classmates help an old lady cross the road. It is so kind of him to do like that. I think we should try our best 7 (help) others when they are in need of help, but we should also keep safe instead of 8 (get) into trouble. If everyone tries a little, our world 9 (be) full of love. Besides, our society can become much 10 (good). 【答案】 1. discussion 2. ourselves 3. trouble 4. others’ 5. kindness 6. was walking 7. to help 8. getting 9. will be 10. better 【导语】本文主要讲述作者班级就是否应该帮助陌生人展开了一次讨论，并表达了作者自己的观点。 1. 句意：最近我们班就是否应该帮助陌生人展开了一次讨论。根据所给词可知，此处应用名词discussion“讨论”作宾语，have a discussion about为固定搭配，意为“就……展开讨论”。故填discussion。 2. 句意：帮助别人是一种美德，帮助别人就是帮助我们自己。根据所给词可知，此处应用反身代词ourselves作宾语，help oneself意为“帮助自己”。故填ourselves。 3. 句意：我们可能会遇到一些麻烦，有一天需要别人的帮助。根据所给词可知，此处应用不可数名词trouble“麻烦”作宾语。故填trouble。 4. 句意：我们可能会遇到一些麻烦，有一天需要别人的帮助。根据所给词可知，此处应用名词所有格others’作定语，修饰名词help。故填others’。 5. 句意：有时我们不得不为善良付出代价。根据所给词可知，此处应用名词kindness“善良“作宾语，介词of后接名词。故填kindness。 6. 句意：昨天下午，当我路过一家商店时，我看到我的一个同学正在帮助一位老太太过马路。根据句意及句中的“while”可知，此处应用过去进行时，表示过去某段时间正在进行的动作。主语I为第一人称单数，be动词用was，动词用现在分词形式walking。故填was walking。 7. 句意：我认为我们应该尽力帮助别人，当他们需要帮助的时候，但我们也要保持安全，而不是陷入麻烦。根据所给词可知，此处应用不定式to help作宾语补足语，构成固定搭配try one’s best to do sth.“尽力做某事”。故填to help。 8. 句意：我认为我们应该尽力帮助别人，当他们需要帮助的时候，但我们也要保持安全，而不是陷入麻烦。根据所给词可知，此处应用动名词getting作介词of的宾语，构成固定搭配instead of doing sth.“而不是做某事”。故填getting。 9. 句意：如果每个人都付出一点努力，我们的世界将充满爱。根据句意及句中“If everyone tries a little”可知，此处应用一般将来时，表示将来要发生的动作，be动词用will be。故填will be。 10. 句意：此外，我们的社会将会变得更好。根据所给词及句中的“much”可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级better作表语，表示“更好”。故填better。 Passage 3 请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式，使短文通顺、连贯。 It was an unusual day when our teacher announced a speech competition in our class. Most of the students 1 (prefer) to avoid speaking in public, but this time, every student in our grade 2 (require) to take part. I felt nervous—delivering a speech in front of the whole class seemed impossible, especially since I had never done anything like this before. While I 3 (wonder) whether to give up or not, my English teacher noticed my hesitation and encouraged me to try. She said, “Don’t fear mistakes. Just speak from the heart.” “Believe in 4 (you), and you can make it.” Her kind words gave me the courage to make an important 5 (decide). I would have a go, no matter how scared I felt. For the next two weeks, I worked hard, practicing my speech every day after school. I wanted to make sure I could present my thoughts clearly and 6 (correct). My parents praised my determination, though they reminded me that success wasn’t just about 7 (win). It was about doing my best. On the competition day, my hands shook as I stood on stage. To my 8 (surprised), as I began speaking, the audience was actually listening carefully. When I finished, several classmates came up to praise me. Later, when the judges announced the results, I couldn’t believe it. I had won second place! This experience taught me some 9 (value) lessons. Encouragement from others can help us achieve things we thought were impossible. Sometimes we need to push through our fears 10 (discover) our true abilities. Now, whenever I feel nervous about speaking up, I remember that unusual day—the day I learned that every challenge is an opportunity for growth. 【答案】 1. preferred 2. was required 3. was wondering 4. yourself 5. decision 6. correctly 7. winning 8. surprise 9. valuable 10. to discover 【导语】本文讲述作者班级举办演讲比赛，作者从犹豫害怕到在老师鼓励下努力准备，最终获奖并收获宝贵经验的经历。 1. 句意：大多数学生都更愿意避免在公共场合发言，但这一次，我们年级的每个学生都被要求参加。根据“It was an unusual day when our teacher announced a speech competition in our class.”可知此处用一般过去时，prefer的过去式为preferred。故填preferred。 2. 句意：大多数学生都更愿意避免在公共场合发言，但这一次，我们年级的每个学生都被要求参加。主语every student和require之间是被动关系，且时态为一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were+过去分词，every student作主语，be动词用was，require的过去分词为required。故填was required。 3. 句意：正当我犹豫着要不要放弃时，我的英语老师注意到了我的迟疑，鼓励我去尝试。while引导时间状语从句，从句常用进行时态，文章整体为一般过去时，所以此处用过去进行时，结构为was/were+现在分词，主语I对应的be动词为was，wonder的现在分词为wondering。故填was wondering。 4. 句意：相信你自己，你能做到的。believe in oneself是固定搭配，表示“相信自己”，此处是对作者说的话，所以用yourself。故填yourself。 5. 句意：她亲切的话语让我下定了决心。make a decision是固定搭配，表示“下定决心”，此处用名词decision。故填decision。 6. 句意：我想确保我能清晰准确地表达自己的想法。此处修饰动词present，需要用副词，correct的副词形式为correctly。故填correctly。 7. 句意：父母赞扬了我的决心，不过他们提醒我，成功不仅仅是关于获胜。about是介词，后接动名词形式，win的动名词为winning。故填winning。 8. 句意：令我惊讶的是，当我开始演讲时，观众们竟然听得很认真。to one’s surprise是固定搭配，表示“令某人惊讶的是”，此处用名词surprise。故填surprise。 9. 句意：这段经历给了我一些宝贵的教训。此处修饰名词lessons，需要用形容词，value的形容词形式为valuable。故填valuable。 10. 句意：有时候，我们需要克服恐惧来发现自己真正的能力。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，所以填to discover。故填to discover。 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。 Liu Hao is a cleaner. He has worked in a park for 7 years. He is also 1 good father. Nothing can make him 2 (happy) than playing with his little daughter in his free time. Yesterday afternoon, while he 3 (clean) the park, suddenly, he heard a woman crying for help. He 4 (run) up quickly to see what happened. The woman’s 8-month-old baby girl choked (窒息) on a small piece of pear and her face turned purple. The baby was too young to save herself, and the mother was so nervous that she didn’t know how to save her daughter properly. Luckily, Liu Hao knew what to do and made a quick 5 (decide). He took the baby in his arms without thinking 6 (two). 7 the mother’s help, Liu Hao held the baby upside down 8 gave her a few pats (轻拍) on the back. After a short while, he succeeded in 9 (get) the piece of pear out of her mouth and the baby began to cry. Her mother was so thankful because her daughter 10 (save). 【答案】 1. a 2. happier 3. was cleaning 4. ran 5. decision 6. twice 7. With 8. and 9. getting 10. was saved 【导语】本文讲述了一位公园清洁工遇见的一次突发事件，一位女婴吃梨子被卡住了，他用自己的经验第一时间帮助女婴脱险的故事。 1. 句意：他也是一个好父亲。可数名词前加不定冠词表示泛指，good是以辅音音素开头的单词，不定冠词用a。故填a。 2. 句意：没有什么比在空闲时间和小女儿一起玩更让他高兴的了。句中出现了than可知用比较级，happy的比较级为happier，故填happier。 3. 句意：昨天下午，当他在打扫公园的时候，忽然，他听到一个女士在呼救。clean打扫；动作clean和过去的动作heard同时进行，故用过去进行时，结构是：was/were + doing，主语是he，be动词用was。故填was cleaning。 4. 句意：他快速地跑过去看看发生了什么事。根据前后句子可知是一般过去时态，动词用过去式。故填ran。 5. 句意：幸运的是刘浩知道该怎么办，很快做出了决定。quick是形容词，后跟名词；decide的名词形式为decision；a修饰名词单数。故填decision。 6. 句意：他毫不犹豫地把婴儿抱在怀里。think twice“三思”；此处指“毫不思索”。故填twice。 7. 句意：在母亲的帮助下，刘浩把婴儿头朝下抱起来，并且在她背上拍了几下。固定短语with one’s help“在某人的帮助下”，with是介词，故填With。 8. 句意：在母亲的帮助下，刘浩把婴儿头朝下抱起来，并且在她背上拍了几下。动作held和gave是并列关系，用and。故填and。 9. 句意：片刻之后，他成功地从她嘴里拿出了那块梨。介词in后加doing，即getting。故填getting。 10. 句意：她的妈妈非常感激，因为她的女儿获救了。save“拯救”，句子描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，主语和谓语save之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是：was/were + done，主语是her daughter，be动词用was。故填was saved。 Passage 5 根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空使短文完整。 For Pineda, it was a long way to succeed. His story began in El Salvador, where he was born with something wrong with his mouth. He had great trouble 1 (speak). At age 2, his family’s house burned down. Pineda was hurt badly, and his legs needed to be cut. His mother died when he was 8, and he spent years on the streets before he 2 (take) in by an orphanage (孤儿院). Finally, at the orphanage, Pineda began to receive support and encouragement. He taught 3 (he) to play the guitar. He began his group with other musicians. Then the group went to Chicago, while they 4 (play) music, Pineda attracted the attention of many people, who wondered what they could do 5 (help) him. A hospital offered him free 6 (medicine) care. A rich man 7 (agree) to pay for Pineda’s tickets to and from El Salvador. When he was in the hospital, Pineda began writing music, and wondered if he 8 (can) record his own album (音乐专辑). Soon with the help of a musician, “The Sound of Gratitude (感激)” was born. On October 15th, Pineda went to a club to sing his new songs to strangers. After singing, he said to the listeners: “I 9 (meet) so many difficulties so far, but luckily so many kind people have given their hands to me, I’m really thankful.” It was true that Pineda had come into such a good 10 (lucky), after having so many years of hardship (艰难). “We have an unusual experience in El Salvador, ‘Suffer (受难) first, then enjoy’. I guess that’s what is happening.” he said. 【答案】 1. speaking 2. was taken 3. himself 4. were playing 5. to help 6. medical 7. agreed 8. could 9. have met 10. luck 【导语】本文主要讲述了Pineda一步一步艰难的走向成功的故事，最终告诉我们一个道理“先苦后甜”。 1. 句意：他说话有很大困难。根据“where he was born with something wrong with his mouth.”可知，此处是他说话有困难，短语had great problems doing sth.“做某事有很大的困难”，speak“说”，是动词，此处用动名词，故填speaking。 2. 句意：他的母亲在他8岁的时候去世了，在他被孤儿院收养之前，他在街上流浪了多年。根据上文“and he spent years on the streets”可知，此处是他被送到孤儿院，此处是一般过去时态的被动语态，其结构是was/were done的形式，take“带去”，是动词，过去分词是taken，主语是单数he，be动词用was，故填was taken。 3. 句意：他自学弹吉他。根据“He”可知是他自学的，teach oneself“自学”，he的反身代词himself，意为“他自己”。故填himself。 4. 句意：当他们演奏音乐时，Pineda吸引了许多人的注意，他们想知道他们能做些什么来帮助他。此处是while引导的时间状语从句，整篇短文是一般过去时态，此处用过去进行时，主语是they，be动词用were，play“演奏”，是动词，此处用play的现在分词，故填were playing。 5. 句意：当他们演奏音乐时，Pineda吸引了许多人的注意，他们想知道他们能做些什么来帮助他。根据“who wondered what they could do”可知，此处是动词不定式表示目的，help“帮助”，是动词，此处用动词不定式，故填to help。 6. 句意：一家医院为他提供免费医疗服务。根据“care”可知此处用形容词作定语，medicine的形容词形式medical，意为“医疗的”。故填medical。 7. 句意：一位富翁同意支付Pineda往返El Salvador的机票。根据“pay for Pineda’s tickets to and from El Salvador.”可知，此处是同意支付Pineda往返El Salvador的机票，短语agree to do sth.“同意去做某事”，全文都是一般过去时态，此处用agree的过去式，故填agreed。 8. 句意：当他住院时，Pineda开始写音乐，想知道他是否可以录制自己的专辑。根据“and wondered”可知，此处是一般过去时态，can“能，会”，此处用过去式could，故填could。 9. 句意：到目前为止，我遇到了很多困难，但幸运的是，有这么多善良的人向我伸出了手，我真的很感激。根据时间状语so far可知用现在完成时，其结构是have done，meet“遇见”，是动词，主语是I，助动词用have，meet的过去分词是met，故填have met。 10. 句意：的确，Pineda在经历了这么多年的磨难之后，运气如此之好。根据“such a good ...”可知此处用可数名词单数，lucky的名词形式luck，意为“运气”。故填luck。 Passage 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。（每空不限填一词） Do you love cartoons? Are you a regular visitor to Xiaohongshu or Bilibili? If so, you may have seen Mi Lei, also known as Lei Yumeng. She steps in and out of different cartoon worlds. In one video, she is a fashionable lady. In another, she plays with dragons while dressed 1 traditional Chinese clothing. Her 2 (create) videos look magical. But Lei is an artist, not a magician. Lei showed an interest in painting from 3 early age. But she didn’t take it seriously 4 high school. In art classes, seeing a talented girl draw easily, she 5 (simple) couldn’t believe it. Instead of giving up, she tried her best to catch up. Once, while she 6 (draw) a picture, Lei noticed someone behind her. It was that girl. “You draw very well,” she said. The simple praise filled Lei with 7 (confident). She started to work even harder. Later, Lei studied art in the U.S. and was interested in storyboarding — using pictures to tell stories. During the COVID-19 pandemic (疾病大流行), when she was stuck at home, she decided to devote herself to 8 (try) something new. She came up with the idea of mixing real life and cartoons. Her videos became so popular that other artists started to copy 9 (she). Every time people watch Lei’s amazing works, they 10 (remind) of the hard work behind her success. Since you’ve read Lei’s story, you know clearly that it’s not all luck and magic! 【答案】 1. in 2. creative 3. an 4. until 5. simply 6. was drawing 7. confidence 8. trying 9. hers 10. are reminded 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了艺术家雷梦雨（Mi Lei）的成长经历和创作历程，包括她对绘画的兴趣培养、努力过程以及在疫情期间将现实生活与卡通结合创作出受欢迎的视频等内容，展现了她成功背后的努力。 1. 句意：在另一个视频中，她穿着中国传统服饰与龙嬉戏。根据“dressed...traditional Chinese clothing”可知，“dressed in + 衣物” 是固定搭配，意为“穿着……衣服”。故填in。 2. 句意：她富有创意的视频看起来很神奇。空格后为名词“videos”，需要形容词修饰。故填creative。 3. 句意：雷从小就对绘画表现出兴趣。“from an early age”是固定短语，意为“从很小的时候起”，故填an。 4. 句意：但她直到高中才认真对待绘画。“not...until...”是固定搭配，意为“直到……才……”。故填until。 5. 句意：在美术课上，看到一个有天赋的女孩轻松地画画，她简直不敢相信。空格处修饰动词“couldn’t believe”，需用副词。故填simply。 6. 句意：有一次，当她正在画一幅画时，雷注意到身后有人。此处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为“was/were + 现在分词”，主语“she”是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was drawing。 7. 句意：这句简单的赞美让雷充满了自信。空格前为介词“with”，需用名词作宾语。故填confidence。 8. 句意：在新冠疫情期间，当她被困在家里时，她决定致力于尝试一些新事物。“devote oneself to doing sth”是固定搭配，意为“致力于做某事”，“to”是介词，后接动名词。故填 trying。 9. 句意：她的视频非常受欢迎，以至于其他艺术家开始模仿她的（视频）。空格处指代她的视频，应用名词性物主代词hers。故填hers。 10. 句意：每当人们看到雷的惊人作品时，他们都会想起她成功背后的辛勤工作。主语“they”（指代 people）与“remind”之间是被动关系，且此处描述一般情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”，主语是they，be动词用are，“remind”的过去分词是reminded。故填are reminded。 15 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $