并例句-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册语法知识点全解（外研版）

初二下外研版 【语法专版】 A版知识点全解 语法专版 【专题】并例句 语法专项突破 考频分析 初二外研版中，并例句是基础语法模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，主要分布在核心题型：单项 选择(1-2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、书面表达（辅助考察，影响句子连贯性与 逻辑性)。在语境理解类题目中，并例句的连接词选用及逻辑关系判断往往是解题关键。 考查内容 ·基本结构识别：并列连词(and、but、or、so等)的选用规则，简单句与简单句的连接方式 ·逻辑关系判断：并列、承接、转折、选择、因果等逻辑关系在语境中的准确匹配 ·标点符号规范：并列句中逗号与分号的使用区别，多个并列成分的标点搭配 知识点一：并例句的定义及基础用法 1.定义（连接并列成分） 。核心功能：用连词连接句子中语法地位平等的成分（单词、短语、分句），表示并列、选择、转折、 因果等关系 。常见连词类型：并列连词(and/but/or/so/for)、关联连词(both.and./either..or.not only..but also..) 2.连接单词或短语（基础用法） 。并列关系(and):连接同类名词、动词、形容词等 例句：I like apples and bananas.(连接名词)/She sings and dances well.(连接动词) 。选择关系(or):表示“或者”“否则” 例句：Would you like tea or coffee?(选择)/Hurry up,or you'll be late.(否则) 。转折关系(but):连接对比或相反意义的成分 例句：He is young but experienced..(连接形容词) 3.连接分句（复合用法) 初二下外研版 【语法专版】 A版知识点全解 。因果关系(so/for):so表结果，for表原因 例句：It rained heavily,so we stayed at home.(so表结果)/I didn't go out,,for I was tired..(for表原因) 。关联连词(both.and.../not only.but also.…):强调两者兼具或递进关系 例句：Both my brother and I like sports../Not only he but also she speaks English fluently..(就近原则： 谓语动词与靠近的主语一致) 知识点二：并例句的基本结构与类型 1.并列关系（表示动作、状态或情况同时存在或并列） 。常用连词：and(和；并且)、both.and.(两者都)、not only..but also..(不仅…而且…) ·结构示例： 1.and连接两个简单句：主语1+谓语1+宾语1，and+主语2+谓语2+宾语2 2.both.and.连接两个并列主语：Both+主语1+nd+主语2+谓语（复数) 3.not only..but also连接两个并列谓语：主语+not only+谓语1+but also+谓语2 。例句： 1.I like apples,and my brother likes bananas.(and连接两个并列分句，表并列关系) 2.Both Lucy and Lily are good at dancing.(both...and..连接两个并列主语，谓语用复数are) 3.She not only sings well but also plays the piano beautifully..(not only..but also.连接两个并列谓语 sings和plays) 2.选择关系（表示从两种或多种情况中选择其一） 。常用连词：or(或者：否则)、either.or.（要么…要么…) ·结构示例： 1.or连接两个选择项：主语+谓语+宾语1or+宾语2 2.either.or.连接两个并列主语：Either+主语1+or+主语2+谓语（就近原则） 。例句： l.Would you like tea or coffee?(or连接两个并列宾语tea和coffee,.表选择关系) 2.Either you come here,or I go there.(either..or.连接两个并列分句，表选择) 3.Either Tom or his friends are going to the park.（either.or.连接并列主语，谓语与his friends就 近，用are) 3.转折关系（表示前后情况相反或相对） ·常用连词：but(但是)、yet(然而：可是)、while(而；然而，表对比) 初二下外研版 【语法专版】 A版知识点全解 。结构示例： 1.but/yet连接两个对比分句：主语1+谓语1，but/yet+主语2+谓语2. 2.while连接两个对比分句：主语1+谓语1.，while+主语2+谓语2.（强调对比) 。例句： 1.He is young,but he knows a lot.(but连接两个分句，表转折关系) 2.The weather was cold,,yet we still went out.(yet表转折，意为“然而”") 3.I like reading,while my sister likes watching TV.(while表对比，意为“而”) 4.因果关系（表示前后情况的原因和结果） ·常用连词：s0(所以；因此)、fo(因为，补充说明原因，一般不用于句首) ·结构示例： 1.s0连接结果分句：主语1+谓语1…，s0+主语2+谓语2..（结果） 2.for连接原因分句：主语+谓语.，for+原因（补充说明） 。例句： l.It rained heavily,so we stayed at home.(so表结果，连接两个分句) 2.He must be at home,for the light is on.(for补充说明原因，意为“因为”) 知识点三：并例句 1.并列谓语（同一主语的多个动作） ·基础结构拓展（中考必背)： 1.动词+nd+动词（顺承关系）→例句：She opens the door and walks into the room. 2.动词+but+动词（转折关系）→例句：He tried his best but failed the exam. 3.动词+or+动词（选择关系）→例句：Hurry up,or you will miss the bus. 4.动词+so+动词（因果关系）→例句：It rained heavily,.so we stayed at home. 5.多个动词并列（用逗号分隔最后一个用and连接）→例句：She sings,.dances andplays the piano well. 2.并列句（不同主语的句子并列） 。常用连词搭配（中考核心)： 1.and(和；然后)→例句：I like English,and my brother likes math 2.but(但是)→例句：She is tired,but she still keeps working 3 初二下外研版 【语法专版】 A版知识点全解 3.or(或者：否则)→例句：You can go by bus,.or you can ride a bike 4.so(所以)→例句：He studied hard,so he passed the exam easily. 5.for(因为，表补充说明)→例句：I didn't go out,for it was raining heavily. 3.并列结构（词性/句式一致） 。中考常见类型（语法一致性）： 1.名词并列：She bought apples,.bananas and oranges in the shop. 2.形容词并列：The girl is tall,.slim and beautiful. 3.副词并列：He runs quickly,.quietly and steadily. 4.不定式并列：I want to read books and to watch movies this weekend. 5.动名词并列：Swimming and running are good for health, 考法精析 考法一：并列连词连接主语时的主谓一致 核心：根据并列连词连接的主语数量及类型，判断谓语动词的单复数形式 真题1（语法填空）： Not only my brother but also I(be)interested in playing football.We often play together on weekends. 答案：am 解析：由并列连词'not only..but also”连接主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，靠近谓语的主语T 为第一人称单数，故be动词用am。 真题2（单项选择)： Both Tom and his parentsteachers in this school. A.am B.is C.are D.was 答案：C 解析：由并列连词both.and”连接主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，主语Tom and his parents”表示 复数概念，故be动词用are。 考法二：并列连词连接主语时的主谓一致 核心：根据并列连词(both.and.not only.but also../either..or.)连接主语的类型，判断谓语动词 的单复数形式 真题1（语法填空）： Both my brother and I_(like)playing football.We often play together on weekends. 答案：lke 解析：由并列连词both.and.”连接两个并列主语my brother and I''时，谓语动词用复数形式，故 填ike。 4 初二下外研版 【语法专版】 A版知识点全解 真题2（单选题)： Not only Tom but also his parents_in this school. A.teach B.teaches C.teaching D.to teach 答案：A 解析：由并列连词not only..but also..…”连接主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，靠近谓语的主语his parents”为复数，故谓语动词用原形teach。 考法三：并列连词的综合运用及并列结构辨析 核心：根据语境判断并列关系类型（并列、选择、转折、因果），掌握不同连词的用法及并列结构 中谓语动词的一致原则 真题1（单项选择）： Not only my parents but also my sisterinterested in reading books. A.is B.are C.be D.am 答案：A 解析：not only.but also.连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，靠近谓语的主语“my sister” 是第三人称单数，因此用iS。 真题2（语法填空)： She likes singing_dancing,so she joins the music club. 答案：and 解析：根据语境“喜欢唱歌和跳舞”，二者为并列关系，应用并列连词d连接；由“s0”可知前后 为因果关系，前半句表并列的爱好，符合and的用法。 解题小妙招 主谓一致妙招 both.and连接主语，谓语动词用复数： not only..but also和either..or,谓语就近来选择： 并列连词选恰当，结构对等要记牢： 主谓一致看主语，逻辑关系助判断。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.Both my father and my mother_teachers. A.am B.is C.are D.was 5 初二下外研版 【语法专版】 A版知识点全解 2.Not only Tom but also his friends-playing basketball after school. A.like B.likes C.liking D.to like 3.You can choose to stay at home_go out with us. A.but B.or C.and D.so 4.She studied hard,she still failed the exam. A.and B.so C.but D.or 5.I like coffee,my sister prefers tea. A.so B.for C.while D.or 6.Either you_your brother has to clean the room today. A.and B.but C.or D.so 7.He is good at English math. A.as well as B.but C.or D.so 8.Work hard,you will pass the exam A.but B.or C.and D.so 9.Not only the students but also the teacherinterested in the activity. A.am B.is C.are D.were 10.She likes singing-dancing. A.but B.or C.and D.so 演练二：填空（共10题） 1.I like apples,-my brother likes oranges. 2.Both Lucy and Lily(be)from America. 3.Hurry up,_you will be late for school. 4.He not only reads books_also writes stories 5.She is tired,she keeps working 6.Either you or I(go)to the supermarket 7.It rained heavily,we stayed at home. 8.He must be in the library,his bag is there 9.She cansingdance well.(both...and...) 10.Don't run in the hallways,you may get hurt. 演练三：语法填空 6 初二下外研版 【语法专版】 A版知识点全解 Dear classmates, Welcome to our school's English corner!Here,you can make friends 1.-practice your English.Many students come here every week:2.(both)Grade 7 and Grade 8 students.Some like talking about movies, 3.others enjoy sharing stories. Our teacher,Mr.Wang,4.-(not only)helps us with grammar 5.-also organizes fun games.He says, "6.(either)you speak English bravely 7.-you will never improve."So don't be shy! Last week,Li Ming 8.I prepared a short play.We practiced a lot,9._we still forgot some lines.But everyone laughed and cheered for us. 10.(work)together,and we will make the English corner better! See you there! The Students'Union 答案区 演练-：1.C2.A3B4.C5.C6.C7.A8.C9.B10.C 演练二：1.and2.are3.or4.but5.but6.goes7.so8.for9.both;and10.or 演练三：1.and2.both3.while4.not only5.but6,Either7.or8.and9.but10.Work 7