内容正文:
初一下册外研版
【语法专版】
A版知识点全解
语法专版
【专题】祈使句
语法专项突破
考频分析
初一下外研版中,祈使句是基础语法模块,考频占句法总量的15%左右,主要分布在核心题型:单
项选择(1-2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、书面表达(基础考察,影响句子简洁性
与语气表达)。在语境理解类题目中,祈使句的肯定式、否定式及语气委婉表达往往是解题关键。
考查内容
。结构特征识别:肯定式(动词原形开头)、否定式(Don't/Never+动词原形)、let型(Let sb.do sth.)
的构成形式
·语气功能辨析:命令、请求、建议、禁止等不同语境下的语气表达与对应祈使句类型匹配
。标点与应答:句末感叹号/句号的使用规则,以及祈使句常见应答语(如OK/Sure/Don't worry等)的
语境适配
知识点一:祈使句的构成及基础用法
1.肯定祈使句(表示直接命令、请求或建议)
。基本结构:动词原形+其他成分
·例句:(I)Open the window,please.(表示请求,动词原形open开头)(2)Stand up!(表示命令,动词
原形stand开头)
2.否定祈使句(表示禁止或劝阻)
·基本结构:Don't+动词原形+其他成分/Never+-动词原形+其他成分
。例句:(I)Don't talk in the library.(don't+动词原形talk,表示禁止)(2)Never touch the machine.(never+-
动词原形touch,表示警告)
3.祈使句的强调形式(加强语气)
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初一下册外研版
【语法专版】
A版知识点全解
·常见结构:Do+动词原形+其他成分
。例句:(1)Do come early tomorrow!(do+动词原形come,加强请求语气)(2)Do be careful with that
kife.(do+be动词原形,加强叮嘱语气)
4.祈使句的特殊形式(含主语或附加成分)
。带主语的祈使句(强调特定对象):You+动词原形+其他成分→例句:You stay here and wait,
●带let的祈使句(表示建议共同做某事):Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分→例句:Let's go to the
park this afternoon.(let's=Hlet us,表示提议)
知识点二:祈使句的结构与用法
1.肯定祈使句(表示命令、请求、建议)
1.基本结构:动词原形+其他成分(无主语,默认主语为you)
2.例句:
l.Open the window,please.(请打开窗户。)
2.Stand up.(起立。)
3.Let's go to the park.(让我们去公园吧。let's后接动词原形)
2.否定祈使句(在肯定祈使句前加don't)
1.基本结构:Don't+动词原形+其他成分
2.例句:
1.Don't talk in class.(不要在课堂上说话。)
2.Don't be late for school..(上学不要迟到。be动词原形直接加在don't后)
3.Let's not play computer games..(let's的否定形式:Let'snot+动词原形)
3.祈使句的强调形式(在动词原形前加d0,语气更强)
1.基本结构:D0+动词原形+其他成分
2.例句:
1.Do come early tomorrow.(明天一定要早点来。)
2.Do be quiet!(务必安静!)
4.祈使句的回答(常用will/won't表意愿)
1.肯定回答:OK./All right.Iwil,
初一下册外研版
【语法专版】
A版知识点全解
2.否定回答:Soy,Iwon't
3.例句:
1.一Close the door..(关上门。)一OK,I will.(好的,我会的。)
2.一Don't smoke here.(不要在这里抽烟。)Soy,Iwon't.(对不起,我不会了。)
5.含情态动词的祈使句(表示允许或禁止,常用can/can't/may)
1.基本结构:Can/May+动词原形+其他成分(疑问句形式表请求):Can't+动词原形(表禁止)
2.例句:
1.Can I use your pen?(我能用一下你的钢笔吗?)
2.May I come in?(我可以进来吗?)
3.Can't park here..(禁止停车。=No parking.)
知识点三:祈使句
1.肯定祈使句
1.基础用法(直接表达命令请求):
·动词原形开头→例句:Open the door,.please.
。”Do+动词原形”(加强语气)一→例句:Do come to my party tomorrow.
。Let's+动词原形”(提出建议,包括说话者)→例句:Let's go shopping this afternoon.
。Let+宾语+动词原形”(允许/让某人做某事)→例句:Let him help you.
2.否定祈使句
1.基础用法(禁止/劝阻):
。Don't+动词原形→例句:Don't talk in the library
·No+动名词→例句:No smoking in the hospital.
。Never+动词原形(语气更强)→例句:Never play on the street.
3.特殊结构祈使句
1.中考常考句式:
。Be+形容词”(保持某种状态)→例句:Be quiet in class.
。Please+动词原形,(礼貌请求)→例句:Please pass me the pen.
。”祈使句+and/or+陈述句”(条件结果)一例句:Study hard,and you will pass the exam./Huy
up,or you will be late.
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初一下册外研版
【语法专版】
A版知识点全解
考法精析
考法一:祈使句结构辨析
核心:根据语境判断祈使句类型(肯定、否定、强调、特殊形式),选择或填写正确结构
真题1(语法填空):
-(be)quiet in the reading room,please.
答案:Be
解析:由语境“请在阅览室保持安静”可知为肯定祈使句,基本结构为动词原形+其他成分,b
动词原形开头。
真题2(单项选择):
touch the wet paint!It's still drying.
A.Not B.Don't C.Doesn't D.No
答案:B
解析:由语境“不要碰未干的油漆”可知为否定祈使句,基本结构为Dot+动词原形,故选B。
考法二:祈使句结构与否定形式辨析
核心:根据语境判断祈使句类型,选择正确的肯定或否定结构
真题1(语法填空):
-(be)quiet in the reading room,please.
答案:Be
解析:由语境“请在阅览室保持安静”可知为肯定祈使句,用动词原形开头,be动词原形为Be。
真题2(单项选择):
-touch the wet paint.It's dangerous.
A.Not B.Don't C.Doesn't D.Never to
答案:B
解析:由语境“不要碰未干的油漆”可知为否定祈使句,基础结构为Dot+动词原形,故选B。
考法三:祈使句结构辨析及综合运用
核心:掌握肯定、否定、强调及特殊形式祈使句的结构,能结合语境区分不同类型祈使句并正确运
用
真题1(单项选择):
late for school again.The teacher will be angry.
A.Don't be B.Not be C.Won't be D.Don't
答案:A
解析:否定祈使句基本结构为“Don't+动词原形”,此处“late”是形容词,需用be动词原形,完
整结构为“Don'tbe+形容词”,表示“不要.”。
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初一下册外研版
【语法专版】
A版知识点全解
真题2(语法填空):
Let's-(clean)the classroom together.It's our duty.
答案:clean
解析:带let的祈使句结构为“Let艹宾语+动词原形”,let's后接动词原形,故填clean。.
解题小妙招
祈使句解题妙招
祈使句型看语境,命令建议常用它:
肯定结构原形起,be动词也不例外:
否定祈使要牢记,Don't开头加原形:
Let's否定有特点,not紧随其后跟原形:
区分现分主谓时,祈使无主原形辨:
牢记结构不混淆,根据真题巧应用。
真题演练
演练一:单项选择(共10题)
1.-the door before you leave the classroom.
A.Close B.Closes C.Closing D.To close
2.-play computer games for too long.It's bad for your eyes.
A.Not B.Doesn't C.Don't D.No
3.Let's to the park this weekend,shall we?
A.go B.goes C.going D.to go
4.careful!The floor is wet.
A.Be B.Is C.Are D.Am
5.Study hard,-you will fail the exam.
A.and B.or C.but D.so
6.-smoke in the hospital.It's against the rules.
A.Not B.Never C.Doesn't D.No
7.-your parents with housework every day.
A.Help B.Helps C.Helping D.To help
8.Let him the homework first.
A.finish B.finishes C.finishing D.to finish
初一下册外研版
【语法专版】
A版知识点全解
9.late for school again,Tom.
A.Don't be B.Doesn't be C.Not be D.Be not
10.me an email when you arrive in Beijing
A.Send B.Sends C.Sending D.To send
演练二:填空(共10题)
1.(open)the window,please.It's hot in here.
2.(not run)in the hallway.It's dangerous.
3.Let's(read)English books together.
4.(be)quiet!The baby is sleeping.
5.-(not touch)the machine.It's broken
6.Let him(not play)football in the street
7.(do)come to my birthday party tomorrow!
8.(listen)to the teacher carefully in class.
9.(not forget)to bring your dictionary tomorrow.
10.Let's(not waste)time on computer games.
演练三:语法填空
Dear students,
Welcome to our school library!Here are some rules to follow:
1.-(keep)quiet at all times.No talking loudly or running.
2.(not eat)or drink in the reading area.It will make the books dirty.
3.Let's_(put)books back on the correct shelves after reading.
4.(take)care of the books.Don't write or draw on them.
5.-(not bring)your backpacks into the library.You can leave them at the entrance.
6.Let each student_(borrow)at most 3 books at a time.
7.(return)books on time.If you need more time,ask the librarian for help.
8.(not use)your phone in the library.It will disturb others.
9.Let's(help)each other keep the library clean and tidy.
10.-(follow)these rules,and you will have a good time here!
Thank you for your cooperation!
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初一下册外研版
【语法专版】
A版知识点全解
答案区
演练-:1.A2.C3.A4.A5.B6.D7.A8.A9.A10.A
1.Open 2.Don't run 3.read 4.Be 5.Don't touch 6.not play 7.Do 8.Listen 9.Don't forget 10.not
waste
1.Keep 2.Don't eat 3.put 4.Take 5.Don't bring 6.borrow 7.Return 8.Don't use 9.help 10.Follow
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