特殊疑问句-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册语法知识点全解（仁爱版）

初一下仁爱版 【语法专版】 特殊疑问句全解 语法专版 【专题】特殊疑问句 语法专项突破 考频分析 初一下仁爱版中，特殊疑问句是基础语法模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，主要分布在核心题 型：单项选择(3-4题)、完形填空(2-3题)、阅读理解(2-3题)、情景交际（核心考察，直接影响 语言交际的准确性)。在语境应用类题目中，特殊疑问词的选择、语序及答语匹配往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。疑问词辨析：what、who、which、when、where、why、how的语义功能与搭配场景 。语序规则：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序的基本结构，含助动词、be动词、情态动词的位置 ·答语匹配：针对不同疑问词（如原因用because、方式用by doing等）的规范应答方式 知识点一：特殊疑问句的构成及用法 1.基本结构（疑问词+一般疑问句语序) 1.常见疑问词：what(什么)、who(谁)、when(何时)、where(何地)、why(为何)、how(如何) 2.例句： ·What is your name?(疑问代词what作表语，be动词提前) ·How do you go to school?(疑问副词how+助动词do+主语+动词原形) 2.疑问词分类及用法 1.疑问代词（作主语/宾语/表语）： ·what(事物)、who(人，主格)、whom(人，宾格)、whose(谁的)、which(哪一个) ·例句： 1.Who is singing in the room?(who作主语，语序不变) 2.Whose book is this?(whose作定语修饰名词book) 1 初一下仁爱版 【语法专版】 特殊疑问句全解 2.疑问副词（作状语）： ·when(时间)、where(地点)、why(原因)、how(方式/程度) 。例句： 1.When will you leave?(when询间时间) 2.Why are you late?(why询问原因，常用because回答) 3.含情态动词/助动词的结构 1.情态动词：疑问词+情态动词+主语+动词原形 。例句：How can I get to the park? 2.现在完成时：疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词 。例句：Where have you been? 4.特殊疑问句的语调及回答 1.语调：句末用降调 2.回答规则：用陈述句回答，省去疑问词 ●例句：-What time is it?一It's3o'clock.(不用重复what time) 知识点二：特殊疑问句的构成与用法 1.特殊疑问句的基本结构 1.”疑问词+一般疑问句语序”（疑问词作主语或修饰主语时除外） 。例句： l.What does she usually do on weekends?(疑问词what作宾语，助动词does提前) 2.Where are they going tomorrow?(疑问词where作地点状语，be动词are提前) 2.疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，用”疑问词+陈述句语序” 。例句： l.Who teaches you math?(疑间词who作主语，谓语动词用三单形式teaches) 2.Which book belongs to Tom?(疑问词which修饰主语book,谓语动词用三单形式belongs) 2.常用疑问词分类及用法 1.询问事物/职业：what 。例句：What is your favorite subject?(询问事物)/What does your father do?(询间职业) 初一下仁爱版 【语法专版】 特殊疑问句全解 2.询问人：who(主格)/whom(宾格，口语中可用who代替) ·例句：Who is standing at the door?(主格作主语)/Whom did you talk to just now?(宾格作宾语) 3.询问地点：where 。例句：Where was he born?(询问出生地点) 4.询问时间：when/what time(what time侧重具体时刻) ·例句：When will the meeting start?(询间笼统时间)/What time do you get up every morning?(询 问具体时刻) 5.询问原因：why ·例句：Why were you late for school yesterday?(▣答用because+句子) 6.询问方式/程度：how ·例句：How does your mother go to work?(询间方式)/How old is your brother?(how与old构成 固定搭配询问年龄) 7.询问数量：how many(修饰可数名词复数)/how much(修饰不可数名词) ·例句：How many students are there in your class?(修饰可数名词students)/How much water do you need?(修饰不可数名词water) 8.询问选择：which ·例句：Which season do you like best,spring or autumn?（在给定范围内选择) 3.特殊疑问句的时态呼应 1.一般现在时：疑问词+do/does+主语+动词原形. ·例句：How often do you exercise?(疑问词how often询问频率) 2.一般过去时：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形 ●例句：Where did she go last summer vacation?(did体现过去时，动词用原形go) 3.一般将来时：疑问词+will+主语+动词原形./疑问词+m/is/are+主语+going to+动词原形.… ·例句：When will they leave for Beijing?/What are you going to buy tomorrow? 4.现在进行时：疑问词+am/is/are+主语+动词现在分词.. 。例句：What is he drawing at the moment? 5.现在完成时：疑问词+have/has+主语+动词过去分词. 。例句：How long have you studied English?(how long询问时间段，与现在完成时连用) 3 初一下仁爱版 【语法专版】 特殊疑问句全解 4.特殊疑问句的被动语态结构 1.结构：疑问词+be动词/助动词+主语+动词过去分词. 。例句： 1.Who was this book written by?(一般过去时被动，by引出动作执行者) 2.When will the project be completed?(一般将来时被动，疑问词when询问时间) 3.How is this problem solved?(一般现在时被动，疑问词how询问方式) 知识点三：特殊疑问句 1.基本结构（中考核心) 1.疑问词+be动词+主语 。例句：What is this?(这是什么？) 2.疑问词+助动词+主语+动词原形 ·例句：Where do you live?(你住在哪里？) 3.疑问词+情态动词+主语+动词原形 ·例句：Iow can I get there?(我怎么能到那里？) 2.常见疑问词及用法（中考必背） 1.what（什么)→对事物提问 ·例句：What did you buy yesterday?(你昨天买了什么？) 2.wh0(谁)→对人提问 ●例句：Who is your English teacher?(谁是你的英语老师？) 3.where(哪里)→对地点提问 ·例句：Where does your father work?(你爸爸在哪里工作？) 4.when(何时)→对时间提问 ·例句：When will the party start?(派对什么时候开始？) 5.why（为什么)→对原因提问 ●例句：Why are you late for school?(你为什么上学迟到？) 6.how(怎样)→对方式/程度提问 初一下仁爱版 【语法专版】 特殊疑问句全解 ·例句：How do you go to school?(你怎样去上学？) 7.which(哪一个)→对特定范围内的事物提问 ·例句：Which book do you like best?(你最喜欢哪本书？) 3.特殊结构（中考易错） 1.疑问词+不定式 ·例句：Idon't know how to solve this problem.(我不知道如何解决这个问题。) 2.对主语提问（语序不变) ●例句：Who broke the window?(谁打破了窗户？) 3.对表语提问 。例句：What is your favorite subject?(你最喜欢的科目是什么？) 考法精析 考法一：特殊疑问句构成及用法 核心：根据语境选择合适的疑问词，或判断特殊疑问句的语序、回答规则 真题1（单项选择)： -do you usually go to school? -By bike. A.What B.How C.When D.Where 答案：B 解析：由答语“By bike”可知，问句询问方式，应用疑问副词how(如何)，符合知识点一中“how 作状语表方式”的用法。 真题2（句型转换)： They will meet at the station tomorrow.(对划线部分提问) theytomorrow? 答案：Where will meet 解析：划线部分“at the station”表地点，应用疑问副词where提问：原句为一般将来时，特殊疑问 句结构为“疑问词+w+主语+动词原形”，符合知识点一中“含情态动词/助动词的结构”规则。 考法二：特殊疑问句与宾语从句融合 初一下仁爱版 【语法专版】 特殊疑问句全解 核心：掌握宾语从句中特殊疑问句作宾语时的语序转换，即保留疑问词并将疑问句语序调整为陈 述句语序 真题1（单项选择)： Could you please tell me the nearest post office is A where is B where was C where D where are 答案：C 解析：宾语从句需用陈述句语序，特殊疑问词where后直接接主语the nearest post office和谓语is, 无需调整语序，选项A、B、D均为疑问句语序，不符合要求 真题2（语法填空）： He asked me how I _(get)to school every day 答案：get 解析：宾语从句用陈述句语序，主语I后接谓语动词原形get:由every day可知时态为一般现在时， 主语为I,谓语用原形 考法三：特殊疑问句中非谓语动词的应用 核心：结合疑问词引导的特殊疑问句结构，正确辨析并使用不定式(todo)、动名词(doig)或动 词原形(do)作非谓语成分 真题1（单项选择）： -What do you planthis weekend? -I want hiking with my friends A.to do;go B.doing;to go C.to do;to go D.doing;going 答案：C 解析：第一空“plan to do”为固定搭配，意为“计划做某事”，排除B、D选项；第二空“want to do”为固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，所以正确答案为C。 真题2（语法填空)： -How about_(visit)the Great Wall tomorrow? -Good idea!When shall we meet? 答案：visiting 解析：“How about doing sth.”为固定句型，意为“做某事怎么样”，用于提出建议，about为介词， 后接动名词形式，isit的动名词是visiting。 解题小妙招 6 初一下仁爱版 【语法专版】 特殊疑问句全解 特殊疑问句解题妙招 特殊疑问先看答，答语提示疑问词： 疑问语序要牢记，助动e提主语前： 若遇情态助动词，结构“疑问词+情态助动+主+动原”： 宾语从句含疑问，疑问词后接陈述： 主谓顺序不可乱，疑问语序要调整： 非谓搭配需注意，动词形式看动词： avoid后接doing,plan后面todo跟； 复合句式转换难，陈述语序非谓先。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题 1.-did you finish your homework last night? -At 9 o'clock. A.What B.When C.Where D.Why 2.Could you tell methe bank closes today? A.when does B.when is C.when D.when did 3.My mother asked me I wanted to eat for dinner. A.what B.what do C.what did D.what will 4.-do you usually go to the library? -Twice a week. A.How long B.How often C.How soon D.How far 5.He wonders his friends will visit him this weekend. A.if B.if do C.if will D.if does 6.The teacher told us_careful when crossing the road. A.be B.to be C.being D.been 7.-is the red sweater? —It's80yuan A.How many B.How much C.How old D.How long 8.Do you know the meeting will start? A.when B.when will C.when does D.when did 9.They practiceEnglish every morning to improve their speaking skills A.speak B.to speak C.speaking D.spoke 10.I don't know he will come or not A.if B.whether C.what D.how 7 初一下仁爱版 【语法专版】 特殊疑问句全解 演练二：填空试题 1.一_（谁）is singing in the next room? —My sister. 2.Could you please tell me()the nearest hospital is? 3.He asked me how I(get)to the park yesterday. 4.一（什么）did you buy in the supermarket? 一Some milk and bread. 5.My father told me-(not play)computer games too late. 6.Do you know_(为什么)she was late for school this morning? 7.They want to know (we will have a picnic this weekend. 8.一_（怎样）does your brother go to work every day2 —By subway. 9.She learned_(swim)when she was five years old. 10.The teacher asked us _(finish)our homework before class. 演练三：语法填空试题 Last Sunday,Tom and his friends planned a trip to the mountains.Before leaving,Tom asked his mother (1)(prepare)some sandwiches for them.His mother smiled and said,"Sure,but you need to tell me (2)you will come back."Tom replied,"We will be back by 6 p.m." On the way,they met a hiker who looked lost.Tom asked the hiker(3)he needed help.The hiker said, "I don't know(4)I am.I took the wrong path."Tom's friend Mike suggested(5)(call)the park office. They called and explained_(6)had happened.The office told them-(7)(stay)where they were and promised to send someone soon. While waiting,Tom noticed a bird's nest in a tree.He wondered_(8)the birds were.His friend Lucy said, "Maybe they flew away to find food."After an hour,a park ranger arrived.He thanked them and asked how they-(9)(find)the lost hiker.Tom said,"We just wanted to help because we knew-(10)important it is to care for others..” 答案区 演练-：1B2.C3.A4.B5.A6.B7B8.A9.C10B 演练二：1.Who2.where3.got4.What5.not to play6.why7.if/whether8.How9.to swim 10.to finish 演练三：1.to prepare2.when3.if/whether4.where5.calling6.what7.to stay8.where9.found10how 8