反身代词-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册语法知识点全解（仁爱版）

初一下仁爱版 【语法专版】 A版知识点全解 语法专版 【专题】反身代词 语法专项突破 考频分析 初一下仁爱版中，反身代词是基础语法模块，考频占词法总量的5%左右，主要出现在单项选择(1-2 题)、完形填空(1-2题)、语法填空(1题)中。在语境理解类题目中，反身代词的固定搭配及人 称一致性往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。代词分类应用：反身代词与人称代词的区别，反身代词的基本形式（如myself,.yourself,himself等） 及单复数变化规则 ·句法功能：反身代词在句中作宾语（强调动作对象是主语自身）、同位语（加强主语或宾语的语气） 的用法 。固定搭配与语境：含反身代词的固定短语（如by oneself,enjoy oneself,.help oneself to等）的理解与 运用，结合具体语境判断反身代词的正确形式 知识点一：反身代词的构成及用法 1.反身代词的构成（人称代词变化规则） 1.第一/二人称：形容词性物主代词+self/selves→nyself(我自己)、yourself(你自己)、ourselves(我 们自己)、入yourselves(你们自己) 2.第三人称：宾格人称代词+self/selves→himself(他自己)、herself(她自己)、itself(它自己)、 themselves(他们自己) 3.例句： ·I can do it by myself.(第一人称单数) ·They enjoyed themselves at the party.(第三人称复数) 2.反身代词的语法功能（作宾语/表语同位语) 1 初一下仁爱版 【语法专版】 A版知识点全解 1.作宾语（强调动作作用于主语自身）：He taught himself English.(teach oneself自学) 2.作表语（表示主语身份或状态）：The little girl in the mirror is herself.(镜子里的小女孩就是她自己) 3.作同位语（强调主语本人）：You yourself asked for it..(是你自己要求的) 3.常见固定搭配 1.动词短语：help oneself to(随便吃/用)、hurt oneself(伤到自己)、by oneself(独自) 2.例句： ·Help yourself to some fruit..(请随便吃点水果) ●She finished the work by herself.(她独自完成了工作) 知识点二：反身代词的基本用法和常见搭配 1.反身代词的构成及人称对应 1.第一人称：myself(我自己)、ourselves(我们自己) 2.第二人称：yourself(你自己)、yourselves(你们自己) 3.第三人称：himself(他自己)、herself(她自己)、itself(它自己)、themselves(他们/她们/它们自己) 4.例句： ·I can do it myself.(我能自己做这件事。) ·They enjoyed themselves at the party..(他们在派对上玩得很开心。) 2.反身代词作宾语（强调主语亲自做某事） 1.结构：主语+动词+反身代词 2.例句： ·She taught herself English last year.(她去年自学了英语。) ·He often buys himself books.(他经常给自己买书。) 3.注意：反身代词需与主语人称一致，不可用宾格代词替换 错误：He saw him in the mirror.(应为He saw himself in the mirror.) 3.反身代词作同位语（加强主语或宾语的语气) 1.位置：通常位于主语或宾语之后，可省略 2.例句： ·You yourself should apologize.(你自己应该道歉。) 初一下仁爱版 【语法专版】 A版知识点全解 。We will finish the work ourselves.(我们将自己完成这项工作。) 4.反身代词的固定搭配 I.enjoy oneself(玩得开心)：They enjoyed themselves in the park. 2.help oneself to..(随便吃/用.)：Help yourself to some apples. 3.by oneself(独自)：She went to school by herself. 4.dress oneself(自己穿衣服)：The child can dress himself now 5.hurt oneself(伤到自己)：He hurt himself while playing basketball. 5.反身代词的常见错误用法 1.不可用于替代人称代词主格或宾格 错误：Myself did it.(应为I did it.) 2.不可用于表示'互相'，需用each other或one another 错误：They helped themselves.(表示互相帮助时应为They helped each other..) 知识点三：反身代词 1.反身代词的基本形式及人称对应 1.第一人称 ·myself(我自己)→例句：I often tell myself to study hard. 。ourselves(我们自己)→例句：We bought ourselves some new books. 2.第二人称： ●yourself(你自己)一例句：Did you hurt yourself yesterday? 。yourselves(你们自己)→例句：Help yourselves to some fruit,kids. 3.第三人称： 。himself(他自己)→例句：He taught himself English last year. ·herself(她自己)一→例句：She enjoyed herself at the party. ·itself(它自己)→例句：The cat washed itself in the river. 。themselves(他们自己)→例句：They finished the project by themselves.. 2.反身代词的核心用法（中考必背) 1.作宾语（动作回指主语）一→例句：Tom cut himself when cooking.(汤姆做饭时割伤了自己。) 3 初一下仁爱版 【语法专版】 A版知识点全解 2.作同位语（强调主语）→例句：I myself solved the problem.(我自己解决了这个问题。) 3.固定搭配（中考高频）： ·by oneself(独自)→例句：She went to the park by herself.. ·enjoy oneself(玩得开心)一例句：e enjoyed ourselves at the beach. 。help oneself to.(随便吃/用)→例句：Help yourself to some cakes.. 。teach oneself（自学)→例句：He taught himself to play the guitar. 。hurt oneself(伤到自己)→例句：Be careful not to hurt yourself. 3.反身代词的易错点（中考警示） 1.不可作主语，主语需用主格代词→错误：Myself did it..正确：I did it myself. 2.第三人称复数反身代词只有“themselves”→错误：themself正确：themselves 3.与人称代词宾格的区别：反身代词强调“自身”，宾格仅表动作对象→例句：She helped her.(她帮 助了她。)/She helped herself.(她帮助了自己。) 考法精析 考法一：反身代词构成及人称匹配 核心：根据主语人称和单复数，正确选择反身代词的构成形式（形容词性物主代词/宾格代词+ self/selves 真题1（语法填空）： The cat washed(it)carefully after eating. 答案：itself解析：主语为第三人称单数'the cat'”,反身代词用'宾格代词+self”,即itself。 真题2（单选题）： We should believe in_when facing difficulties. A.ourselves B.themselves C.yourselves 答案：A解析：主语为第一人称复数'we”,反身代词用”形容词性物主代词+selves'”,即ourselves。. 考法二：反身代词语法功能及易错点综合运用 核心：结合反身代词作宾语、表语、同位语的语法功能，识别并修正单数复数混淆、误用宾格代词 等常见错误 真题1（句子改错)： The students should finish the project by themself. 答案：themself→themselves解析：students是复数，反身代词应用themselves;:by oneself为固定 初一下仁爱版 【语法专版】 A版知识点全解 搭配，强调“独自完成”，需使用反身代词复数形式。 真题2（单选题) My brother often teaches math after school.(2023江西南昌改编) A.him B.himself C.his 答案：B解析：此处反身代词作宾语，强调“教他自己数学”，主语为第三人称单数my brother,.应 用himself;teach oneself为固定搭配“自学”，符合语境。 考法三：反身代词的综合运用与情景辨析 核心：结合构成规则判断反身代词形式，根据语境区分宾语/同位语用法，掌握固定搭配及常见错误 真题1（单项选择）： The little girl can dress now and she often helps her grandmato fruits. A.her;herself B.herself;herself C.herself;yourselves D.her;you 答案：B解析：第一空主语为'The little girl”,反身代词需用herself构成固定搭配dress oneself;第 二空为固定搭配help oneself to,主语”she'对应的反身代词为herself。. 真题2（语法填空)： My parents always tell me,"You-(you)should learn to solve problems by-(you)" 答案：yourself,yourself解析：第一空反身代词作同位语强调主语you”,用yourself:第二空为固定 搭配by oneself,.与主语you”保持一致，用yourself。 解题小妙招 反身代词妙招 反身代词看主语，人称单复要统一： 单数self复数selves,.物主宾格加后面： 作宾表语同位语，固定搭配要牢记： by oneself表独自，teach oneself是自学； 语境判断主谓应，细心排除错项易。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.My father often tells me to learnEnglish by reading newspapers. A.me B.myself C.I 初一下仁爱版 【语法专版】 A版知识点全解 2.The children enjoyedat the birthday party last night. A.them B.themselves C.their 3.We should believe in_when facing challenges. A.ourselves B.themselves C.yourselves 4.-Who taught you to play the piano?-I taught_ A.me B.my C.myself 5.The little girl can dress_without her mother's help now. A.she B.her C.herself 6.My mother often says,"Youshould make the decision." A.you B.your C.yourself 7.They prepared the picnic food all by_. A.them B.their C.themselves 8.Don't leave the baby in the room.It's dangerous. A.him B.himself C.his 9.Help_to some fish,Tom.It's your favorite A.yourself B.yourselves C.you 10.The cat cleanedcarefully after eating the fish A.it B.its C.itself 演练二：填空（共10题） 1.She often looks at_in the mirror before going out. 2.We finished the project all by last week. 3.My brother taughtto repair bikes when he was 12. 4.The students should do their homework by_ 5.Youasked for this book,so don't complain now. 6.The dog hurt_when it jumped over the fence. 7.I bought a new pen for_as a birthday gift. 8.They enjoyedat the beach during the summer holiday 9.The little boy can wash hands by himself now. 10.My parents always tell me to be kind to_ 演练三：语法填空 6 初一下仁爱版 【语法专版】 A版知识点全解 Linda is a 14-year-old student.She lives with her grandparents because her parents work in another city. Every morning,she gets up early and dresses-(1)quickly.Then she makes breakfast-(2)and helps her grandparents with housework.After school,she does her homework by_(3)and never asks others for help easily. Last Saturday,Linda went to the park(4).She saw some children flying kites and joined them.They played games together and Linda enjoyed_(5)a lot.In the afternoon,she cooked lunch-(6).When her grandparents tasted the food,they said,"You can take care of(7)very well now!" Linda often says,"I believe in(8)and I can do everything by(9)."Her story tells us that everyone should learn to depend on_(10)and grow up bravely. 答案区 演练-：1B2.B3.A4.C5.C6.C7.C8B9.A10.C 演练二：1.herself2.ourselves3.himself4.themselves5.yourself 6.itself 7.myself 8.themselves 9.his 10.myself 演练三：1.herself2.herself3.herself4.herself5 herself 6.herself 7.yourself 8.myself 9.myself 10.oneself 7