专项复习：动词时态和被动语态复习-2025-2026学年九年级英语全一册语法知识点全解（北师大版）

9年级北师大版 【专项复习】 动词时态和被动语态 语法专项 【专题】动词时态和被动语态复习 语法专项突破 考频分析 初三北师大版中，动词时态和被动语态是重点语法模块，考频占语法总量的15%左右，贯穿试卷 所有核心题型：单项选择23题、完形填空3-4题、语法填空2-3题、书面表达核心考察，直接影 响句子完整性与准确性。在语境理解类题目中，动词的时态、语态及主谓一致往往是解题关键。 考查内容 ·动词时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时的基本结构（含肯定句、否定句、 疑问句)与语境匹配（如时间标志词、上下文逻辑） 。被动语态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时被动语态的构成(b动词+过去分 词)及主动语态与被动语态的转换规则（含不同时态下的句式变化） 知识点一：动词时态的基本分类及构成 1.一般现在时（表示经常性、习惯性动作或客观真理） ·构成：主语+动词原形动词第三人称单数（主语为第三人称单数时） 。例句： 1.I get up at6:30 every morning.(动词原形) 2.She plays basketball after school.(动词第三人称单数) 2.一般过去时（表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态） ·构成：主语+动词过去式 。例句： 1.They went to the park yesterday.(规则动词过去式) 2.He saw a film last weekend.(不规则动词过去式) 3.一般将来时（表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态） 。常见构成：will+动词原形/be going to+动词原形 9年级北师大版 【专项复习】 动词时态和被动语态 。例句： 1.I will visit my uncle next Sunday.(will+动词原形) 2.It is going to rain soon.(be going to+动词原形) 4.现在进行时（表示正在进行的动作） ●构成：主语+an/is/are+动词现在分词 。例句： l.Listen!Someone is singing in the room.(am/is/are+现在分词) 2.They are playing football now.(am/is/are+现在分词) 知识点二：时态与被动语态的特殊用法及易错点 1.情态动词的被动语态（含情态意义的被动动作) 结构：情态动词(can/may/must/should等)+be+动词过去分词 例句： 1.The work must be finished today.(must be+-finished,“必须被完成"”) 2.This book can be borrowed from the library.(can be+borrowed,“能被借"”) 3.Your homework should be handed in on time..(should be+handed,“应该被提交”) 2.主动表被动的特殊情况（无被动形式的主动结构) 1.感官动词(look/sound/smell/taste/feel)+ad. 例句：The flowers smell sweet.(smell主动形式表被动意义，“闻起来香") 2.不及物动词(happen/take place/occur)无被动语态 例句：An accident happened yesterday..(happen不及物，无被动，“发生事故”) 3.主语（物）+need/want/require+doing(=to be done) 例句：The room needs cleaning.(=The room needs to be cleaned,“需要被打扫”) 3.时态混淆易错点对比 1.一般过去时Vs现在完成时 ·一般过去时：仅强调过去动作，与现在无关（标志词：yesterday) 例句：He went to Beijing yesterday.(单纯过去动作，不涉及现在) ·现在完成时：强调过去动作对现在的影响（标志词：already/yet) 例句：He has gone to Beijing.(“去了北京”，现在人不在此处) 2.过去进行时Vs一般过去时 2 9年级北师大版 【专项复习】 动词时态和被动语态 。过去进行时：过去特定时刻正在进行的动作（标志词：at8p.m.yesterday) 例句：I was reading when he called.(“打电话时正在读书”，强调持续性) 。一般过去时：过去短暂性动作（标志词：just now) 例句：He called me just now.(“刚才打电话”，强调动作完成) 4.被动语态的省略与转换 1.by短语的省略（不知道或不必说出动作执行者时） 例句：English is spoken all over the world.(未提“被谁讲”，突出动作本身) 2.主动语态变被动语态的步骤 1.找原句宾语（动作承受者)作被动句主语 2.判断时态，确定be动词形式（如一般现在时用aum/is/are) 3.原句谓语动词变为过去分词，加by短语（可省略） 例句：主动：People grow rice in the south.→被动：Rice is grown in the south.(省略by people) 知识点三：被动语态的构成与用法 1.一般现在时的被动语态 结构：am/is/are+过去分词 中考必背句式： 1.主语（物）+am/is/are+过去分词→例句：English is spoken by many people 2.主语（人)+am/is/are+过去分词+bysb.例句：The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 3.否定句：am/is/are+not+过去分词→例句：This book is not written by him. 4.疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词？→例句：Is the letter sent to your father? 2.一般过去时的被动语态 结构：was/were+过去分词 中考必背句式： 1.主语（单数）+was+过去分词→例句：The bridge was built in2000 2.主语（复数）+were+过去分词→例句：Many trees were planted last year.. 3.否定句：was/were+not+过去分词→例句：The meeting wasn't held yesterday. 4.疑问句：Was/Were+主语+过去分词？→例句：Were the books returned to the library? 3 9年级北师大版 【专项复习】 动词时态和被动语态 3.一般将来时的被动语态 结构：will be+过去分词/am/is/are going to be+过去分词 中考必背句式： l.will be+过去分词→例句：A new hospital will be built next year.. 2.an/is/are going to be+过去分词→例句：The party is going to be organized by Tom. 3.否定句：will not be+过去分词→例句：The work won't be finished on time. 4.疑间句：Will+主语+be+过去分词？→例句：Will the letter be sent tomorrow? 4.情态动词的被动语态 结构：情态动词(can/may/must/should)+be+过去分词 中考易错点： 1.can be done(能被做)→例句：This problem can be solved easily. 2.must be done(必须被做)一→例句：Homework must be handed in on time. 3.should be done(应该被做)→例句：More attention should be paid to your health 4.may be done(可能被做)→例句：The work may be finished next week. 解题小妙招 情态动词妙招 推测语气看语境，肯定must否can't: 可能may/might用，疑问can/could行： 情态时态要结合，过去完成'have done'”; 被动结构'情态+be done'”,综合运用记心间。 考法精析 考法一：情态动词表推测 核心：根据语境判断情态动词表推测的语气（肯定/否定/疑问），选择正确情态动词 真题1（单项选择)： The light in his room is on.He be at home now. A must B may C can D need 9年级北师大版 【专顷复习】 动词时态和被动语态 答案：A解析：由“房间灯亮着”这一语境可知，对“他在家”的推测语气极肯定，用ust表“一定”。 真题2（语法填空)： -Where is Lucy? 一She_be in the library.I saw her go there just now.(提示：填“可能”) 答案：my解析：由“刚才看见她去图书馆”可知，对“她在图书馆”的推测语气为“可能”，用 may表不确定推测。 考法二：时态与被动语态结合 核心：根据时间标志词和动作的被动关系，判断时态并使用正确的被动语态结构 真题1（语法填空）： A new library _(build)in our school last year.Now we can read more books there. 答案：was built解析：由时间标志词“last year”可知，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时；主语 “a new library”与“build”是被动关系，一般过去时被动语态结构为“主语+was/were+过去分词”， 主语为单数，用was,build的过去分词为built。 真题2（单项选择)： Many trees in the park every spring A.plant B.planted C.are planted D.will be planted 答案：C解析：由时间标志词“every spring”可知，动作是经常性、习惯性的，用一般现在时；主 语“many trees”与“plant”是被动关系，一般现在时被动语态结构为“主语+am/is/are+过去分词”， 主语为复数，用are,plant的过去分词为planted。 考法二：情态动词与时态结合 核心：根据语境判断情态动词的含义，结合动作发生的时间选择合适的时态结构 真题1（语法填空)： You _(should finish)your homework before watching TV last night. 答案：should have finished解析：由时间标志词“last night”可知，动作发生在过去；“should have done”表示“本应该做却没做”，符合语境，finish的过去分词为finished。 真题2（单项选择)： -Where is Tom? -He be in the classroom.I saw him there just now A.must B.may C.can't D.should 答案：A解析：由语境“just now(刚才)”可知，有过去的依据表肯定推测，“ust”表肯定推测 “一定”，符合语境。 9年级北师大版 【专项复习】 动词时态和被动语态 考法二：被动语态与情态动词结合 核心：根据情态动词的含义和动作的被动关系，使用“情态动词+b+过去分词”结构 真题1（语法填空)： This problem _(can solve)easily by us.Let's try together. 答案：can be solved解析：主语“this problem”与“solve”是被动关系，“can”表能力，被动结 构为“情态动词+be+过去分词”，solve的过去分词为solved。 真题2（单项选择）： The work_in two hours.We need to hurry up. A.must finish B.must be finished C.can finish D.may finish 答案：B解析：由时间标志词“in two hours”和语境“need to hurry up”可知，动作必须被完 成，“must”表义务，被动结构为“must be+过去分词”，finish的过去分词为finished。 考法三：情态动词被动语态与时态结合的综合运用 核心：结合情态动词表推测/义务的含义，判断被动动作的时态及语态结构（情态动词+b+过去分词） 真题1（单项选择)： Your homework before 8 o'clock this evening.You must finish it on time. A.must hand in B.must be handed in C.was handed in D.can hand in 答案：B解析：根据语境“必须按时完成”，需用情态动词must表义务；主语“homework”是动 作“hand in”的承受者，用被动语态，结构为“must be+过去分词”，hand的过去分词为handed。. 真题2（语法填空)： The old photos_(should keep)in a safe place.They are very important to us. 答案：should be kept解析：主语“photos'”是动作“keep”的承受者，需用被动语态；情态动词 should后接be+过去分词，keep的过去分词为kept,故填should be kept。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题) 1.The earth goes around the sun.This-be true. A must B may C can Dneed 2.-Where is Lily? -She be in the lab.I saw her go there five minutes ago. A must B may C can't D should 3.A new bridge_in our city last year. 6 9年级北师大版 【专项复习】 动词时态和被动语态 A build B built C was built D will be built 4.Many students to take part in the sports meeting every term. A ask B asked C are asked D will be asked 5.Youhave told me the news earlier.I missed the chance. A should B must C need D can 6.The classroom now.Don't go in. A cleans B is cleaning C is being cleaned D was cleaned 7.By the time I arrived,the partyalready. A finished B had finished C was finished D had been finished 8.-this book be yours? -No,it_be mine.My book has my name on it. A Can;can't B Must;may C May;must D Need;should 9.More trees in the park next spring A plant B will plant C are planted D will be planted 10.Hespeak English when he was five years old. A can B could C may D must 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.The light is off.He(not be)at home now.(提示：填“不可能”) 2.A lot of flowers(plant)in the garden every month. 3.She_(finish)her homework by9o’clock last night.(提示：填“一定已经完成”) 4.Listen!Someone(sing)in the next room. 5.This problem(can solve)by Tom.He is good at math 6.They(visit)the museum three days ago. 7.We(hold)a party tomorrow evening 8.The letter_(write)by my father just now. 9.You(not park)here.It's a no-parking area. 10.By the end of last year,he(live)in this city for ten years. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 Last Sunday,I decided to visit the Science Museum.When I arrived,I found many people there.A robot show 1.-(hold)in the hall.Some children 2.-(watch)the robots carefully.The robots could dance and talk,which surprised everyone. 7 9年级北师大版 【专顷复习】 动词时态和被动语态 I learned that the robots 3.-(invent)by a group of scientists last year.They 4.-(teach)to do many use- ful things,like helping old people.A guide told me that more robots 5.(make)in the future tohelp in hospitals. At noon,I went to the cafe.I saw a girl crying because her bag 6.(lose).A staff member said,"Don' t worry.Your bag 7.(find soon.We have cameras here.Ten minutes later,her bag 8.(return)by a man who found it in the garden. Before leaving,I bought a modelrobot.It 9.(cost)me 50 yuan,butI thought it wasworth it.I 10.-(have) a great time that day. 答案区 演练-：1.A2.A3.C4.C5.A6.C7D8.A9D10.B 1.can't be 2.are planted 3.must have finished 4.is singing 5.can be solved 6.visited 7.will hold/are going to hold 8.was written 9.mustn't park 10.had lived 1.was being held 2.were watching 3.were invented 4.were taught 5.will be made/are going to be made 6.was lost 7.will be found 8.was returned 9.cost 10.had