专项复习：动词不定式复习 -2025-2026学年九年级英语全一册语法知识点全解（北师大版）

9年级专项复习北师大版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 寒假专版 【专题】动词不定式复习 语法专项突破 考频分析 初三北师大版中，动词不定式是重点语法模块，考频占语法总量的15%左右，贯穿试卷所有核心 题型：单项选择2-3题、完形填空2-3题、语法填空1-2题、书面表达核心考察，直接影响句子完 整性与准确性。在语境理解类题目中，动词不定式的结构、功能及与其他非谓语动词的辨析往往是 解题关键。 考查内容 。基本结构与特征：to+动词原形的构成形式，省略to的特殊情况（如感官动词see/watch/hear+宾语 +do sth,使役动词make/Iet/have+宾语+do sth) 。句法功能：作主语(Itis+adj.+to do sth结构)、宾语（接不定式作宾语的动词如want/hope/decide/plan 等)、宾语补足语(ask/tell/order/,want sb to do sth)、定语（修饰名词作后置定语，如the way to solve the problem)、状语（目的状语to do sth/in order to do sth,结果状语only to do sth) 。固定搭配与句式：常见不定式短语(too.to./enough to./It takes sb some time to do sth),及不定式 与疑问词连用(what/how/when to do sth) 知识点一：动词不定式的基本结构及句法功能 1.基本结构(to+动词原形，否定式在to前加not) ·肯定式：to study(学习)、to play(玩)→例句：She wants to study English, 。否定式：not to watch(不看)、not to eat(不吃)→例句：He told me not to watch TV late. 2.作主语（常后置，用t作形式主语） 。直接作主语：To learn a foreign language is useful..(学门外语很有用。) ●形式主语it:It is important to finish homework on time..(按时完成作业很重要。) 3.作宾语（跟在及物动词后） 。常见动词：want(想要)、decide(决定)、hope(希望)、like(喜欢) 1 9年级专项复习北师大版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 ·例句：(1)I want to buy a new book.(我想买一本新书。)(2)She hopes to visit Beijing.(她希望参 观北京。) 4.作宾语补足语（补充说明宾语的动作或状态) ●常见动词：ask(要求)、tell(告诉)、want(想要)、teach(教) ·例句：(1)My mother asks me to clean the room.（妈妈让我打扫房间。)(2)He taught me to swim last summer.(他去年夏天教我游泳。) 5.作表语（置于系动词后，说明主语的内容或性质) 。例句：(I)Her dream is to be a teacher..(她的梦想是成为一名老师。)(2)The most important thing is to stay healthy.(最重要的是保持健康。) 6.作定语（修饰名词，置于名词后） 。例句：(I)I have a lot of homework to do.(我有很多作业要做。)(2)She has no pen to write with (她没有笔写字。) 7.作目的状语（表示动作的目的) 。例句：(l)He gets up early to catch the bus.(他早起去赶公交车。)(2)They went to the park to play games..(他们去公园玩游戏。) 知识点二：动词不定式的基本用法与常考结构 1.作主语（表示具体动作或抽象概念） 。基本结构：T0+动词原形+其他成分（可位于句首或用t作形式主语） 。例句： 1.To learn English well is important..(直接作主语，位于句首) 2.It is necessary to finish homework on time.(it作形式主语，真正主语是to finish homework on time) 2.作宾语（跟在及物动词后，表动作内容) ·常接不定式的动词：want(想要)、hope(希望)、decide(决定)、try(尝试)、leam(学习)、 plan(计划) ·结构：动词+to+动词原形 。例句： 1.She wants to buy a new pen.(want to do sth.想要做某事) 2.We hope to visit the museum next week.(hope to do sth.希望做某事) 3.作宾语补足语（补充说明宾语的动作或状态) ●常接不定式作宾补的动词：ask(要求)、tell(告诉)、want(想要)、teach(教)、invite(邀请) 9年级专项复习北师大版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 ·结构：动词+宾语+to+动词原形（部分动词如let,nake,have后省略to) 。例句： 1.My mother asks me to clean my room.(ask sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事) 2.The teacher made him stand up.(make sb.do sth.,省略to,stand用原形) 4.作定语（修饰名词，表将要发生的动作） ·位置：位于被修饰名词之后 ●例句： l.I have a lot of homework to do.(todo修饰homework,表“要做的作业”) 2.He is looking for a room to live in.(to live in修饰room,live是不及物动词，需加in) 5.作状语（表目的、结果或原因） 。表目的（常用in order to或to,位于句首或句中） 例句：He gets up early to catch the first bus.(to catch表目的“为了赶上”) 。表结果（常用only to,表意外结果） 例句：She hurried to the station only to find the train had left.(only to find表“结果却发现”) 。表原因（常位于形容词后，如happy,glad,soy等） 例句：I'm glad to see you..(to see you表原因“因为见到你而高兴”) 6.常见固定搭配与句型 。“疑问词+todo”结构（作主语、宾语或表语） 例句：Idon't know how to solve this problem.(how to solve作know的宾语) ●It's+ad.+for/ofsb.+to do sth.(for表事物特征，of表人的品质) 例句： 1.It's easy for him to answer the question.(easy描述事物特征，用for) 2.It's kind of you to help me.(kind描述人的品质，用of) 。to0to..（太…而不能…，表否定) 例句：The box is too heavy to carry.(太重而不能搬) 。enough to..（足够…去做…，表肯定) 例句：He is old enough to go to school.(足够大可以去上学) 知识点三：动词不定式的句法功能 1.作主语 用法说明：不定式直接作主语时，谓语动词用单数：常用t作形式主语，不定式后置。 中考必背例句： (1)To learn English well is important..(学好英语很重要。) (2)It's necessary to finish homework on time.(按时完成作业是必要的。) 3 9年级专项复习北师大版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 2.作宾语 基础搭配拓展（中考高频)： (I)afford to do(负担得起做)一例句：We can afford to buy a new car. (2)agree to do(同意做)→例句：She agrees to help me with my study. (3)choose to do(选择做)→例句：He chooses to stay at home on weekends. 口promise to do(承诺做)→例句：I promise to return the book next week. 口refuse to do(拒绝做)→例句：They refuse to take part in the activity. 3.作宾语补足语 中考核心搭配： (I)want sb.todo(想要某人做)→例句：My parents want me to study abroad. (2)wish sb.todo(希望某人做)→例句：I wish you to be happy every day.. (3)expect sb.todo(期待某人做)一例句：We expect him to win the game. 口allow sb.todo(允许某人做)→例句：The teacher allows us to use dictionaries.. 4.作定语 用法说明：不定式作定语时，通常放在被修饰名词之后，表将来动作或未完成的动作。 中考常考例句： (1)I have a lot of homework to do.(我有很多作业要做。) (2)She is looking for a room to live in.(她正在找一个房间住。) 5.作状语 常见类型（中考易错）： (I)目的状语(to/in order to/so as to)→例句：He studies hard to get good grades (2)结果状语(only to)→例句：He hurried to the station only to find the train had left. (3)原因状语（表情感的形容词后）→例句：I’m glad to see you. 考法精析 考法一：动词不定式作目的状语辨析 核心：根据上下文语境，识别表示动作目的的结构，判断是否使用”to+动词原形？作目的状语 真题1（语法填空)： They went to the supermarket_(buy)some fruits and vegetables. 答案：to buy 解析：句意为“他们去超市买一些水果和蔬菜”，此处表示去超市的目的，用动词不定式作目的状 语，故填to buy. 真题2（完形填空）： She studies hardget good grades in the exam. A.in B.to C.for D.with 答案：B 4 9年级专项复习北师大版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 解析：句意为“她努力学习是为了在考试中取得好成绩”，表示目的，用动词不定式符号t0,“t0+ 动词原形”结构作目的状语，故答案为B。 考法二：情态动词后接非谓语动词 核心：根据语境判断情态动词后的非谓语动词形式（原形、todo或doig) 真题1（语法填空)： You must remember(close)the window before leaving the room. 答案：to close 解析：remember to do sth.表示“记得去做某事（未做）”，符合“离开前关窗”的语境；情态动词 must后接动词原形remember,remember后接不定式to close作宾语。 真题2（单项选择)： The teacher suggests(read)English newspapers every day to improve reading skills. A.read B.to read C.reading D.reads 答案：C 解析：suggest后接动名词doing作宾语，为固定搭配；情态动词无直接影响，此处考查非谓语动词 的固定搭配。 考法三：动词不定式与非谓语动词的综合运用 核心：区分动词不定式(todo)、动名词(doing)及原形动词(do)的用法，掌握固定搭配及句法 功能辨析 真题1（单项选择）： My parents always tell me_too much time playing computer games. A.not to spend B.to not spend C.don't spend D.not spend 答案：A 解析：tell后接不定式作宾补，否定式在to前加not,即tell sb.not to do sth.;spend time doing sth 为固定搭配，此处“playing”符合要求，故选A。 真题2（语法填空）： It's important for us-(learn)English well.We should practice_(speak)it every day. 答案：to learn speaking 解析：第一空为“It's+ad.+for sb.+to do sth.”结构，填to learn;第二空practice后接动名词作 宾语，填speaking。 解题小妙招 5 9年级专项复习北师大版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 非谓语解题妙招 目的状语看语境，”t0加原形是关键： 情态动词后接原，固定搭配要记全： try to do表努力，avoid doing莫忘记； practice doing常练习，spend time doing牢牢记； 综合运用看搭配，原形不定式和动名。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题) 1.My parents told metoo much time on computer games. A.not to spend B.to not spend C.not spending D.don't spend 2.Youfollow the traffic rules when crossing the street.It's important for safety. A.can B.must C.may D.need 3.The teacher asked us English aloud every morning to improve pronunciation. A.read B.to read C.reading D.reads 4.We should try_early and avoidlate for school. A.getting up being B.to get up being C.getting up to be D.to get up to be 5.-I borrow your English dictionary? -Sure,here you are. A.Must B.Should C.Could D.Need 6.She has no paperwith,so she needs to buy a notebook first A.write B.to write C.writing D.wrote 7.My brother enjoys-basketball and he practices_every afternoon. A.play to play B.playing play C.playing playing D.to play playing 8.Youworry about me.I can take care of myself. A.mustn't B.needn't C.can't D.shouldn't 9.It's necessary for us-enough sleep every night. A.get B.getting C.to get D.got 10.The doctor advised him-smoking and-more exercise A.stop to do B.to stop do C.stop doing D.to stop doing 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.He gets up early every morning-(catch)the first bus to school. 2.You had better(finish)your homework before watching TV. 6 9年级专项复习北师大版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 3.My mother often tells me not (eat)too much candy. 4.They decided(visit)the Great Wall during the summer vacation. 5.We must _(follow)the school rules to keep our campus safe. 6.She is interested in(read)science fiction books in her free time. 7.The little girl is old enough-(dress)herself now. 8.You needn't(wait)for me.I will join you later. 9.He spends two hours-(practice)the piano every evening. 10.It's important for students(learn)how to manage time wisely. 演练三：语法填空（共10空) I have a good friend named Tom.He always tries_(1)(help)others and never refuses when people ask him for help.Last week,his teacher asked him(2)(organize)a class party.He felt excited but also a little nervous,so he planned(3)(prepare)carefully. First,he needed(4)(invite)all classmates.He spent two hours(5)(write)invitation cards.Then,he decided_(6)(cook)some snacks by himself.His mother taught him(7)(make)cookies,and he practiced (8)(bake)them three times before the party. On the day of the party,everyone arrived on time.Tom told us(9)(relax)and enjoy ourselves.We played games,sang songs,and shared stories.Everyone said it was the best party ever.Tom was happy because he succeeded in(10)(bring)joy to others. 答案区 演练-：1A2B3B4B5.C6.B7.C8.B9.C10D 演练二：1.to catch2 finish3.to eat4.to visit5 follow 6.reading 7.to dress 8.wait 9.practicing 10.to learn 演练三：1.to help2.to organize3.to prepare4.to invite5.writing 6.to cook 7.to make 8.baking 9.to relax 10.bringing 7