Unit 9 Save the Planet 不同时态的被动语态-2025-2026学年九年级英语全一册语法知识点全解（北师大版）

初三全一册北师大版 【语法专版】Unit9 Save the Planet 语法精讲 【专题】不同时态的被动语态 Unit 9 Save the Planet 考频分析 北师大版9全Uit9中，不同时态的被动语态是重点语法模块，考频占语法总量的15%左右，贯 穿试卷核心题型：单项选择(1-2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(2题)、书面表达（重要考 察，影响句子结构正确性与表达恰当性)。在语境理解类题目中，不同时态被动语态的构成及用法 辨析往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。动词分类应用：被动语态中助动词be(am/is/are/was/were/been)的人称、数和时态匹配，情态动词 (can/nay/must/should等)与被动结构“情态动词+be+过去分词”的结合 。时态与语态：一般现在时被动语态(am/is/are+-过去分词)、一般过去时被动语态(was/were+过去 分词)、一般将来时被动语态(will be+过去分词be going to be+过去分词)、现在完成时被动语态 (have/has been+过去分词)的基本结构与语境匹配，主动语态与被动语态的转换规则及应用 。非谓语动词：被动语态中过去分词作定语、表语、宾语补足语的用法（如：the polluted water,.be interested in,have sth.done) 知识点一：不同时态的被动语态 1.一般现在时被动语态（主语承受动作，强调经常性/习惯性）： ·结构：an/is/are+动词过去分词 ·例句： 1.Paper is made from wood.(纸由木材制成，表客观事实) 2.The classroom is cleaned every day.(教室每天被打扫，表经常性动作) 2.一般过去时被动语态（主语承受动作，动作发生在过去）： 。结构：was/were+动词过去分词 。例句： 初三全一册北师大版 【语法专版】 Unit 9 Save the Planet 1.The bridge was built in2000.(这座桥建于2000年，表过去时间的动作) 2.These books were bought yesterday.（这些书是昨天买的，表过去发生的被动动作) 3.一般将来时被动语态（主语承受动作，动作尚未发生）： ·结构：will be+动词过去分词/am/is/are going to be+动词过去分词 ●例句： 1.A new hospital will be built next year.(明年将建一座新医院，表将来计划) 2.The meeting is going to be held tomorrow.（会议将于明天举行，表即将发生的被动动作) 4.现在完成时被动语态（主语承受动作，动作已完成对现在有影响）： 。结构：have/has been+动词过去分词 ·例句： l.The work has been finished.(工作已经被完成，强调结果) 2.These trees have been planted since last month.(这些树从上个月就被种植了，表从过去持续 到现在的被动动作) 知识点二：被动语态的特殊用法及易错点 1.情态动词的被动语态（表达能力、许可、必要性等）： ·基本结构：主语+情态动词(can/may/must//should/will等)+be+动词过去分词 ·例句： l.Rubbish can be recycled to save resources.(can表示“能够”，recycle的过去分词为recycled) 2.Trees must be planted in spring.(must表示“必须”，plant的过去分词为planted) 3.The environment should be protected by everyone.(should表示“应该”，protect的过去分词为 protected) 2.主动语态变被动语态的步骤： ·找宾语：将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语（若宾语是代词，需变为宾格对应的主格，如 me→I) ·变动词：主动语态的谓语动词变为“be+过去分词”，时态由原主动语态决定 ●加by短语：将主动语态的主语变为by的宾语，放在句末(by短语可省略，尤其是不知道动作 执行者时) ·例句转换： l.主动：People should stop cutting down trees..（宾语：cutting down trees-一→被动主语：Cutting down trees) 2.a被动：Cutting down trees should be stopped(by people).(should be+stop的过去分词stopped) 3.不及物动词的被动语态（需借助介词）： 初三全一册北师大版 【语法专版】Unit9 Save the Planet ·特点：不及物动词（如happen,.appear,,live,agree等）无被动语态，但若与介词构成固定搭配，可 视为及物短语动词，有被动语态 ·例句： 1.A car accident happened on the road yesterday.(happen为不及物动词，无被动语态) 2.This house has been lived in for 10 years..(live in为固定搭配，被动语态保留介词in,live的 过去分词为lived) 3.The problem was agreed on by all of us..(agree on为固定搭配，被动语态保留介词on,agree 的过去分词为agreed) 4.被动语态的否定式和疑问式： ·否定式：在be动词情态动词/助动词后加not ·例句： l.The work is not finished yet..(一般现在时被动否定：is not+-finished) 2.This book can not be taken out of the library.(情态动词被动否定：can not be+taken) ·疑问式：将be动词情态动词/助动词提到主语前 ·例句： l.Is the classroom cleaned every day?(一般现在时被动疑问：Is+主语+cleaned) 2.Has the letter been sent by her?(现在完成时被动疑问：Has+主语+been sent) 知识点三：不同时态的被动语态 1.一般现在时被动语态： 。基本结构：am/is/are+及物动词过去分词 ·基础用法（中考必背）： l.主语为单数第三人称时：A new library is built in our school every year.. 2.主语为复数时：These books are kept in the reading room, 3.主语为Iyou时：English is spoken by many people around the world.. ·特殊句式（中考易错）： l.否定句：be动词后加not→The homework isn't finished by him, 2.一般疑问句：be动词提前一Is this song sung by a famous singer? 2.一般过去时被动语态： ●基本结构：was/were+及物动词过去分词 ·基础用法（中考必背）： l.主语为单数时：The letter was written by my brother yesterday. 2.主语为复数时：Many trees were planted on the hill last spring, 3 初三全一册北师大版 【语法专版】 Unit 9 Save the Planet 。时间标志词搭配（中考常考）： l.与yesterday搭配：A talk was given in the hall yesterday. 2.与last week搭配：The old bridge was repaired last week. 3.一般将来时被动语态： ·基本结构：will be+及物动词过去分词/am/is/are going to be+及物动词过去分词 。基础用法（中考必背）： l.will be结构：A new hospital will be built here next year 2.be going to be结构：The problem is going to be discussed at the meeting. 。时间标志词搭配（中考常考）： l.与tomorrow搭配：The sports meeting will be held tomorrow 2.与next month搭配：More trees are going to be planted next month. 考法精析 考法一：被动语态基本时态结构辨析 核心：根据句子中的时间状语或上下文语境，判断被动动作发生的时间，选择正确时态的被动语 态结构 真题1（语法填空)： Many trees_(plant)in our city every spring 答案：are planted 解析：由时间标志词“every spring”可知，动作表经常性、习惯性，用一般现在时被动语态：主语 为复数，be动词用are,plant的过去分词为planted。 真题2（单项选择)： A new libraryin our school last year. A.built B.was built C.is built D.will be built 答案：B 解析：由时间标志词“last year”可知，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时被动语态，其结构为was/were +过去分词，主语为单数，故选B。 考法二：被动语态与时态结合 核心：根据时间状语或语境判断动作时态，结合被动语态结构完成语法填空或单选题 真题1（语法填空)： A new library_(build)in our school last year. 答案：was built 解析：由时间标志词“last year”可知，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时被动语态，结构为“was/were +过去分词”；主语“a new library”为单数，be动词用was,build的过去分词为built。 4 初三全一册北师大版 【语法专版】 Unit 9 Save the Planet 真题2（单项选择）： These books-by my brother since 2018. A.have kept B.have been kept C.are kept D.will be kept 答案：B 解析：由时间标志词“since20l8”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时被动语态，结构为 “have/has been+过去分词”：主语“these books'”为复数，助动词用have,keep的过去分词为kept。 考法三：被动语态的综合转换与应用 核心：结合时态、情态动词及主动被动转换规则，在语境中正确运用被动语态 真题1（单项选择)： More treesin our city next year.It's our duty to make the environment better. A.plant B.will plant C.will be planted D.are planted 答案：C 解析：主语“trees”是动作“plant'”的承受者，需用被动语态；由时间标志词“next year”可知，用 一般将来时被动语态，结构为“will be+过去分词”，plant的过去分词为planted. 真题2（语法填空)： People say that this old temple(build)500 years ago.Now it's a popular tourist spot. 答案：was built 解析：主语“this old temple”是动作“build”的承受者，用被动语态：由时间标志词“500 years ago” 可知，用一般过去时被动语态，主语为单数，be动词用was,build的过去分词为built。 解题小妙招 时态语态妙招 时态判断看标志，没有标志品语境： 主动结构记“主谓”，被动必带“be和done”: 被动中be最关键，记住be就OK; 一现被动“am/is/are”,一过被动“was/were”; 进行被动要用“being”,完成被动“have/has/had been'”; 将来被动“will be”,情态被动“must be”,最后加上一个done。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题) 1.English-by many people around the world. A.speak B.speaks C.is spoken D.was spoken 初三全一册北师大版 【语法专版】Unit9 Save the Planet 2.A new bridge in our town last year. A.built B.was built C.is built D.will be built 3.The meeting-at 3 o'clock tomorrow afternoon. A.will hold B.is held C.will be held D.was held 4.This book by my sister since last month. A.has kept B.has been kept C.is kept D.was kept 5.Youto finish your homework before dinner A.should B.should be C.should be asked D.should ask 6.The girl was heard in the next room just now. A.sing B.to sing C.singing D.sang 7.These flowers_every day,or they will die. A.must water B.must be watered C.water D.are watered 8.The problem by the teacher yesterday. A.was solved B.solved C.is solved D.will be solved 9.My mother makes me clean the room every day..(改为被动语态) Ithe room by my mother every day. A.clean;am made to clean B.to clean;am made clean C.clean;am made clean D.to clean;am made to clean 10.When the Great Wall? A.was;built B.is;built C.did;build D.does;build 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.Many trees(plant)in the park every spring 2.This story_(write)by a famous writer 10 years ago. 3.A new hospital(build)in our city next year. 4.The homework(finish)by Tom already. 5.The children_(should take)good care of. 6.The old man was seen(walk)in the street just now. 7.This kind of computer(sell)well in the market 8.The room_(clean)by my sister every morning 9.The letter(must send)to him at once. 10.A lot of new houses(build)in our village since 2019. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空) 6 初三全一册北师大版 【语法专版】 Unit 9 Save the Planet Our environment is very important to us.However,it_(damage)by human activities in recent years.For example,many forests-(cut)down to build factories.As a result,many animals-(lose)their homes. Last year,a project-(start)in our school to protect the environment.Students(ask)to collect waste paper and plastic bottles.These things(recycle)to make new products.A special garden_(create)in our school now.Many flowers and trees_(plant)there. It is hoped that more people(join)in this activity.Our environment(save)only if everyone works together. 答案区 演练-：1.C2.B3.C4.B5.C6B7.B8.A9.A10.A 1.are planted 2.was written 3.will be built 4.has been finished 5.should be taken 6.to walk 7.sells 8.is cleaned 9.must be sent 10.have been built 1.has been damaged 2.have been cut 3.have lost 4.was started 5.were asked 6.are recycled 7.is being created 8.are being planted 9.will join 10.will be saved 7