Unit 6 Role Models 情态动词综合运用-2025-2026学年九年级英语全一册语法知识点全解（北师大版）

9全Unit6 北师大版语法专项突破 语法精讲 【专题】情态动词综合运用 Unit 6 Role Models 考频分析 北师大版9全Unit6中，情态动词综合运用是重点语法模块，考频占词法总量的15%左右，贯穿 试卷所有核心题型：单项选择2-3题、完形填空2-3题、语法填空1-2题、书面表达（核心考察，直 接影响语气表达与语境适配性)。在语境理解类题目中，情态动词的推测用法、基本含义及语气差 异往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。情态动词基本用法：can/could(能力、许可、推测)、may/might(许可、可能性)、must/have to(必 须、肯定推测)、should/ought to(建议、责任)的词义辨析与句式搭配 ·情态动词表推测：不同情态动词(must/may/might/can't)在肯定句、否定句、疑问句中的推测强度 与语境匹配 ·情态动词特殊结构：情态动词+have done(对过去情况的推测或虚拟)、needn't have done(本不必 做)的用法及反义疑问句搭配 知识点一：情态动词的含义及基础用法 1.情态动词的定义（表语气，后接动词原形） ·核心特征：本身有一定含义（如能力、许可、推测等），但不能独立作谓语，需与动词原形共同 构成谓语 。注意事项：无人称和数的变化（第三人称单数不加s),否定形式直接在其后加ot(部分可缩 写) 2.常见情态动词及用法分类 。can/could（能力/许可/请求)： 1.She can speak three languages..(表能力) 2.Could I use your pen??(表请求，语气更委婉) ·may/might(许可/推测)： 9全Unit6 北师大版语法专项突破 1.You may leave early today.(表许可) 2.This might be the right answer.（表推测，可能性较低) ●nust/have to(必须/不得不)： 1.We must follow the school rules.(表主观必须) 2.He has to stay at home because of the rain.(表客观需要) ·should/ought to(建议/义务)： I.You should exercise every day..(表建议) 2.We ought to help each other..(表义务) 3.情态动词的否定及疑问形式 ·否定形式：can→can't,must→nustn't,should-→shouldn't→例句：You mustn't park here..(禁止停 车) 。疑问形式：将情态动词提至句首→例句：Should we start now?(我们现在该开始吗？) 知识点二：情态动词的基本用法与语义辨析 1.can/could（能力、许可、可能性) ·表示能力(can=be able to,could为过去式) 结构：主语+can/could+动词原形 例句： 1.She can speak three languages.(现在能力，用can+speak) 2.He could swim when he was five.(过去能力，用could+swim) ·表示许可(can用于口语，could语气更委婉，回答用can) 例句： 1.Can I borrow your pen?(请求许可，用can+boIrow) 2.Could you please open the window?(委婉请求，用could+open) ·表示可能性(can用于否定/疑问句，could可用于肯定句) 例句： 1.It can't be true.(否定推测，用can't+be) 2.Where could she have gone??(疑问推测，用could+have gone) 2.may/might（许可、可能性、祝愿) ·表示许可(may较正式，might更委婉，否定回答用mustn't/can't) 例句： 9全Unit6 北师大版语法专项突破 l.You may leave the room now.(正式许可，用may+leave) 2.Might I use your phone?（委婉请求，用mnight+-use) 。表示可能性(might可能性比may小) 例句： 1.It may rain tomorrow.(可能下雨，用may+rain) 2.She might be late for the meeting.(较小可能性，用might+-be) 。表示祝愿（用于句首，只能用may) 例句： 1.May you have a happy life!!(祝愿，用May+主语+动词原形) 3.must/have to(必须、肯定推测) ●表示必须(nust强调主观义务，have to强调客观需要) 例句： 1.We must obey the school rules..(主观义务，用must+obey) 2.I have to finish the work today.(客观需要，用have to+finish) 。否定形式(nustn't禁止，don't have to不必) 例句： l.You mustn't smoke here.(禁止吸烟，用must't+smoke) 2.You don't have to come early tomorrow.(不必早来，用don't have to+-come) 。肯定推测(must用于肯定句，意为“一定”) 例句： 1.He must be at home now.(肯定推测，用must+be) 2.The book must belong to Mary.(肯定推测，用must+belong) 4.need/dare(需要、敢于) ·need作情态动词（用于否定/疑问句，肯定句用need to) 例句： l.You needn't wait for me.(不必等待，用needn't+wait) 2.Need I hand in the homework today?(需要交作业吗，用Need+主语+动词原形) ·dare作情态动词（用于否定/疑问句，后接动词原形） 例句： 3 9全Unit6 北师大版语法专项突破 1.She dare not speak in public.(不敢当众说话，用dare not+speak) 2.Dare he challenge the teacher?(敢挑战老师吗，用Dare+主语+动词原形) 5.should/ought to（应该、建议) ●表示应该(ought to语气比should稍强，后接动词原形) 例句： l.You should study harder..(建议，用should+-study) 2.We ought to help the poor..(应该帮助穷人，用ought to+help) ·表示推测（意为“按理说应该”) 例句： l.He should be in the classroom now.(理应在教室，用should+be) 2.The train ought to arrive on time.(理应准时到达，用ought to+arrive) 6.will/would(意愿、习惯、请求) ●表示意愿(will现在意愿，would过去意愿/委婉请求) 例句： 1.I will help you with your English.(现在意愿，用will+help) 2.She said she would come to the party.(过去意愿，用would+come) ●表示习惯(wil现在习惯，would过去习惯) 例句： l.He will often go for a walk after dinner.(现在习惯，用wi+go) 2.When I was young,.I would play football every Sunday.(过去习惯，用would+play) ●表示请求(would比will更委婉) 例句： 1.Will you pass me the salt?(请求，用Will+主语+动词原形) 2.Would you like some coffee?(委婉提议，用Would you like+名词) 知识点三：情态动词综合运用 1.表能力（中考基础）： ·can(能/会)→例句：She can speak three languages. 。could(过去能/委婉请求)→例句：I could swim when I was five./Could you help me? 4 9全Unit6 北师大版语法专项突破 。be able to(强调通过努力实现的能力)→例句：He will be able to finish the work soon. 2.表推测（中考核心）： ·must(肯定推测，一定)一→例句：The light is on,so he must be at home. 。may/might(可能，也许)→例句：It may rain tomorrow./She might come late. 。can't(否定推测，不可能)→例句：He can't be in the library,I saw him leave. 3.表义务/建议（中考高频）： 。should/ought to（应该)→例句：You should study hard for the exam./We ought to help others. 。must（必须)→例句：Students must follow the school rules.. 。needn't(不必)→例句：You needn't come early tomorrow. 。had better(最好)→例句：You had better take an umbrella. 4.表许可/禁止（中考常考）： ●can/may(可以)→例句：Can I use your pen?/May I go now? ●mustn't（禁止)→例句：You mustn't smoke here. 。can't(不允许)→例句：Children can't play on the road. 考法精析 考法一：情态动词表推测的用法辨析 核心：根据语境判断推测的肯定程度或句式（肯定句/否定句/疑问句），选择正确情态动词 真题1（单项选择)： The light in his room is off,so he be at home now. A.must B.may C.can't D.might 答案：C 解析：由“灯关着”可知表否定推测“不可能”，否定句中表推测用can't,must表肯定推测，may/might 表可能推测且用于肯定句，故选C。 真题2（语法填空)： She looks worried.She (lose)her keys.Let's help her look for them. 答案：might have lost 解析：由“看起来着急”可知表对过去事情的可能性推测，“可能丢了钥匙”，用might have done结 构，1ose的过去分词为lost。 考法二：情态动词表推测及时态呼应 核心：结合语境判断对现在或过去的推测，选择合适的情态动词形式及时态搭配 真题1（单项选择)： The door is locked.He be at home now. 9全Unit6 北师大版语法专项突破 A.must B.can't C.may D.might 答案：B 解析：由“门是锁着的”可知对现在情况进行否定推测，“不可能在家”用can't+动词原形，符合 知识点二表推测中can't用于否定句表“不可能”的用法。 真题2（语法填空)： She looks sad.She (hear)the bad news. 答案：must have heard 解析：根据“她看起来很伤心”对过去情况进行肯定推测，“一定听说了坏消息”用must have done 结构，符合知识点二“情态动词+have done表对过去的推测”中must have done表“肯定做过”的 用法，hear的过去分词为heard。 考法三：情态动词在情景对话中的综合运用 核心：结合时态呼应、语义辨析及被动语态，根据语境选择合适的情态动词形式 真题1（单项选择)： -Could I borrow your dictionary? -Sorry,you.I'm using it now. A can B could C can'tD couldn't 答案：C 解析：上句用“Could I..”表委婉请求，回答需用can的相应形式：由“Soy”可知是否定回答，用 can’t。 真题2（语法填空）： The work (must finish)by Friday,so we should work hard. 答案：must be finished 解析：主语“the work”是动作“finish”的承受者，需用被动语态；“must”后接“be+过去分词”， finish的过去分词为finished。 解题小妙招 推测用法妙招 推测先看肯否疑，肯定must may might: 否定can't最常用，疑问can/could来辨析； 现在推测动原跟，过去推测have done跟： must语气最肯定，might可能不确定； 综合运用看语境，义务能力要分清： 被动结构莫忘记，be done形式要牢记。 真题演练 6 9全Unit6 北师大版语法专项突破 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.You be quiet in the library.It's a rule. A.can B.must C.might D.could 2. I use your phone to call my mom? -Sure,here you are. A.Must B.Should C.May D.Need 3.The ground is all dry.It rained last night. A.mustn't B.can't C.may D.might 4.She swim when she was five,but now she because of an injury. A.can;couldn't B.could;can't C.can;can't D.could;couldn't 5.You wear a seatbelt when driving.It's the law. A.have to B.mustn't C.might D.should 6.-Where is Lucy? -She be in the classroom.I saw her there five minutes ago. A.must B.can't C.may D.need 7.He have finished his homework,because he's playing outside now. A.must B.can't C.might D.should 8.-we go to the park this weekend? 一Good idea！The weather will be nice. A.Must B.Should C.Need D.Would 9.This book be taken out of the reading room.Please return it here. A.mustn't B.can't C.needn't D.shouldn't 10.-Could you help me carry this box? -Sorry,I.My hand is hurt. A.can't B.couldn't C.mustn't D.needn't 演练二：填空题（共10题） 1.You (should/can)brush your teeth twice a day to keep them healthy. 2.The movie starts at 7:00,so we(must have to)leave now to arrive on time. 3.She looks happy.She(must /might)have passed the exam. 4. (Can/Must)you speak Japanese? -No,I can't,but I(will be able to could)learn it next year. 5.You (mustn't don't have to)smoke here.It's dangerous. 6.He (can't/mustn't)be at school today.He told me he was sick. 7 9全Unit6 北师大版语法专项突破 7.We (should/may)help the old lady cross the street.It's kind to do so. 8. (May Could)I borrow your dictionary? Yes,you_(can/may）. 9.They(might/must)have left early,because their car isn't in the parking lot. 10.You(have to/must)wear a uniform at school,but today is a free-dress day. 演练三：语法填空（共10空) Last Sunday,I went to the park with my friends.When we arrived,we saw a little girl crying.She looked lost,so we decided to help her 1.She (can)have run away from her parents,because she was too young to be alone.We asked her,"(May)you tell us your name?"She shook her head and cried harder. 2.A park worker noticed us and said,"You(should)take her to the information center.Her parents might be looking for her there."We followed his advice. 3.At the center,the worker said,"Her parents(must)have reported her missing.Let me check the records."Five minutes later,her mother ran in.She was so worried that she(can)hardly speak. 4.The mother thanked us again and again.We felt happy to help,but I thought,"We(should)have paid more attention to children in public places.It's easy for them to get lost." 5.On the way home,my friend said,"I(might)bring a whistle next time.If a child is lost,we (can)blow it to get others'attention." 6.I agreed,"Yes,and we(mustn't)leave a lost child alone.Helping others is what everyone (ought to)do.” 答案区 演练-：1.B2.C3B4.B5.A6.A7.A8.B9.A10.A 1.should 2.have to 3.must 4.Can;will be able to 5.mustn't 6.can't 7.should 8.May;can 9.might 10.don't have to 演练三：1.night,May2.should3.must;could4.should5.night;can6 nustn't,ought to P