Unit 1 Language 定语从句综合-2025-2026学年九年级英语全一册语法知识点全解（北师大版）

初中北师大版 【语法专项】 9全Unit1 Language 语法专项 【专题】定语从句综合 语法专项突破 考频分析 初三北师大版中，定语从句综合是重点语法模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，贯穿试卷核心题 型：单项选择2-3题、完形填空1-2题、语法填空1-2题、书面表达核心考察，直接影响句子结构 复杂性与逻辑性。在语境理解类题目中，关系代词和关系副词的选择、介词+关系代词的搭配往往 是解题关键。 考查内容 。关系词选择：关系代词(that、which、who、whom、whose)和关系副词(when、where、why)的 指代对象与句法功能辨析 ·限定性与非限定性定语从句：结构特征（逗号使用）、语义差异及关系词使用限制（如that不可用 于非限定性定语从句) 。特殊用法：”介词+关系代词”结构中介词的选择依据，as引导定语从句的固定搭配（如as is known to all) 知识点一：定语从句的构成及基础用法 1.定义（修饰名词/代词，补充说明其信息） 。结构：先行词+关系词+从句 。例句： 1.This is the book that I bought yesterday.(先行词'book”,关系词that”☑引导从句) 2.The girl who is wearing ared dress is my sister.（先行词girl',关系词"who”引导从句) 2.关系代词（指代先行词，在从句中作主语/宾语/定语） 。指人：who(主格/宾格)、whom(宾格)、whose(所有格) 例句： 1 初中北师大版 【语法专项】9全Unit1 Language 1.The teacher who teaches us math is very kind.(who作主语) 2.The boy whom you met yesterday is my brother..(whom作宾语) 3.This is the student whose mother is a doctor.(whose作定语) ·指物：hich(主格/宾格)、that(主格/宾格) 例句： l.The pen which is on the desk is mine.(which作主语) 2.I lost the watch that my father gave me.(that作宾语) 3.关系副词（指代先行词，在从句中作状语） 。when(指时间)：I still remember the day when we first met..(when作时间状语) ·where(指地点)：This is the school where I studied last year.(where作地点状语) ·why(指原因)：Tell me the reason why you were late..(why作原因状语) 4.关系代词的省略（从句中作宾语时可省略） 。例句： l.The movie(that/which)we watched last night was very interesting.（关系代词作宾语省略) 2.The girl(whom)you talked to is my cousin.（关系代词作宾语省略) 知识点二：定语从句的基本结构与关系代词 1.定义：修饰名词或代词的从句，用于补充说明先行词的特征、性质或所属 关系 。构成要素：先行词（被修饰的名词代词）+关系代词+从句（主语+谓语+其他成分） 。例句：The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister.(先行词：the girl;关系代词：who;从句：is wearing a red dress) 2.关系代词that/which/.who/whom的用法 1.that:指代人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语（作宾语时可省略） 。指人：He is the boy that helped me yesterday..(作主语，不可省略) ·指物：This is the book that I bought last week.(作宾语，可省略为This is the book I bought last week.) 2.wich:仅指代物，在从句中作主语或宾语（作宾语时可省略) 。作主语：The pen which is on the desk is mine.(不可省略) 初中北师大版 【语法专项】9全Unit1 Language ·作宾语：I lost the bag which my mother gave me.(可省略为I lost the bag my mother gave me.) 3.who:指代人，在从句中作主语（不可省略） 例句：The teacher who teaches us English is very kind.(作主语) 4.whom:指代人，在从句中作宾语（可省略，口语中可用who代替) 例句：The boy whom we met at the park is Tom.(作宾语，可省略为The boy we met at the park is Tom.) 3.关系代词whose的用法 1.表示”.的”，指代人或物的所属关系，在从句中作定语 2.例句： ●指人：This is the girl whose father is a doctor..(whose修饰father,指'女孩的父亲') ·指物：I live in a house whose windows face south.(whose修饰windows,.指'房子的窗户) 4.注意事项 1.先行词为人时，关系代词可用that/who(作主语)、that/whom(作宾语)：先行词为物时，可用that/which 2.当先行词被the only、the first、最高级等修饰时，只能用that(不用which/who) 例句：This is the first book that I read in English.(先行词被the first修饰，用that) 3.关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的单复数与先行词保持一致 例句：The students who are in Class3 are playing football.(先行词students为复数，从句谓语用are) 知识点三：定语从句 1.关系代词引导的定语从句（基础必掌握) l.who(指人，作主语/宾语)一例句：The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister.(主语) 2.whom(指人，作宾语)→例句：The boy whom we met yesterday is Tom.(宾语) 3.which（指物，作主语/宾语)→例句：This is the book which I bought last week.(宾语) 4.that(指人/物，作主语/宾语，可替代who/whom/which)→例句：The dog that barked at me is black. (主语) 2.关系副词引导的定语从句（中考常考) 1.where(指地点，作状语)→例句：This is the school where I studied. 2.when(指时间，作状语)→例句：I still remember the day when we first met. 3.why(指原因，作状语，先行词常为reason)→例句：Tell me the reason why you were late. 3 初中北师大版 【语法专项】 9全Unit1 Language 3.定语从句特殊用法（中考易错点） 1.介词+关系代词（物用which,人用whom)→例句：The house in which he lives is big./The girl with whom I talked is Lucy. 2.先行词为不定代词(all,something等)时用hat→例句：I have something that you need. 3.先行词被最高级/序数词修饰时用that→例句：This is the best film that I have ever seen. 考法精析 考法一：关系代词的选择与运用 核心：根据先行词的指代对象（人/物）及在从句中的语法功能（主语/宾语/定语），选择正确的关 系代词 真题1（语法填空)： The girlis wearing a red coat is my best friend. 答案：who/that 解析：先行词girl指人，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that。 真题2（单项选择）： This is the bookmy mother bought for me yesterday. A who B which C whose D what 答案：B 解析：先行词book指物，且在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which;A选项wo指人，C选项whose 表所属关系，D选项what不能引导定语从句，均不符合题意。 考法二：关系代词与关系副词的综合运用 核心：根据先行词的性质（人/物/时间地点/原因）及关系词在从句中的成分（主语/宾语/状语），选 择正确的关系代词或关系副词 真题1（语法填空）： The city-we spent our summer holiday is very beautiful 答案：where 解析：先行词cty指地点，从句中不缺主语或宾语，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词 where. 真题2（完形填空）： This is the museum-has a lot of ancient paintings. A.who B.which C.where D.whose 答案：B 解析：先行词museum指物，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which;who指人，where作状语，whose 表所属关系，均不符合题意。 考法三：定语从句综合应用（关系代词选择、省略及分隔式结构辨析） 初中北师大版 【语法专项】 9全Unit1 Language 核心：结合先行词指代对象（人/物)、从句成分（主语/宾语）及特殊结构（分隔式），正确选用关 系代词并判断省略情况 真题1（单项选择）： The storybook-my mother bought for me last month is very interesting. A.who B.which C.whose D.where 答案：B 解析：先行词”storybook'”指物，关系代词在从句中作宾语(bought的宾语)，可用which或that,选 项中只有B符合；who指人，whose表所属关系，where为关系副词，均不符合语境。 真题2（语法填空)： We visited the museum yesterday-has a lot of ancient paintings. 答案：that/which 解析：先行词'museum”指物，与从句被时间状语”yesterday”分隔（分隔式定语从句），关系代词在 从句中作主语(has的主语)，不可省略，需用hat或which。 解题小妙招 定语从句解题妙招 先行词是人还是物，定从中成分先看明 指人主宾用who/that,指物主宾which/that行： whom宾格指人用，whose表所属要分明： 关系副词何时用，状从缺主宾才行： 时间when地点where,.原因why表原因； 分隔定从找先行，介词加代which/whom跟： 最高级和序数词，先行词前only/very; 不定代词something,that独用要记清； 非限制定语从句，逗号隔开which引领。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题 1.This is the girlhelped me with my English homework. A who B which C what D whose 2.We visited the museum-has a lot of ancient artifacts last weekend. A where B when C which D whose 3.The first thingI want to do is finish my homework. a which b that c who d what 4.This is the park_we had a picnic last Sunday. 5 初中北师大版 【语法专项】9全Unit1 Language A which B when C where D why 5.I still remember the dayI joined the school basketball team. A which B when C where D that 6.The book_cover is red was written by my favorite author. A which B that C whose D who 7.He told me the reason_he was late for the meeting. A why B which C when D where 8.Allyou need to do is practice English every day. A which B that C what D who 9.The storymy teacher told us yesterday was very moving. A who B what C whose D that 10.We talked about the people and places-we visited during the trip. A which B who C that D where 演练二：填空试题 1.The boy(who/which)is sitting by the window is my brother. 2.This is the house(where/which)I grew up. 3.I lost the pen_(that/what)my father gave me as a gift 4.The girl with_(whom/which)I went shopping is my cousin. 5.This is the most interesting film(that/which)I have ever seen. 6.Do you know the reason_(why/when)he refused the invitation? 7.The man(whose/who)son is a doctor lives next door. 8.I will never forget the day(on which/in which)we met for the first time. 9.Everything(that/what)he said at the meeting was true. 10.The book_(which/where)you lent me last week is very interesting. 演练三：语法填空试题 There was a small village 1.-people lived happily for many years.In the village,there was an old tree 2.-branches were as thick as a big house.The tree was a place 3.-children often played games after school.One day,a young man 4.-came from the city visited the village.He heard a story 5.-an old man told about the tree:it was planted by a farmer 6.-name was Li Ming over 200 years ago.The farmer, 7.loved the village deeply,hoped the tree would protect the villagers. The young man was interested in the tree,so he decided to study it.He found that the tree had a secret 6 初中北师大版 【语法专项】 9全Unit1 Language 8.no one knew before.Inside the trunk,there was a box 9.contained letters from the farmer to his future family.The letters,10.-were written in simple language,told stories of the village's history.This discovery made the village famous,and more people came to visit the"magic tree". 答案区 演练-：1.A2.C3B4.C5B6.C7.A8B9.D10.C 演练二：1.who2.where3.that4.whom5.that6.why7.whose8.on which9.that10.which 1.where 2.whose 3.where 4.who/that 5.that/which 6.whose 7.who 8.that/which 9.which/that 10.which 7