Unit 5 语法讲解及习题：数量表达（Talking about quantities）2025-2026学年沪教版英语七年级下册

沪教英语七下 Unit5 语法讲解及习题 数量表达（Talking about quantities） 一、核心知识点：数量表达 1. 定义 英语中用 how much, how many, a lot of, a little, a few, enough, much, many 等词或短语来描述可数与不可数名词的数量。 2. 用法详解 表达 适用名词 用法说明 例句 how much 不可数名词 用于提问数量 How much water do we have?我们有多少水？ how many 可数名词复数 用于提问数量 How many bottles of milk do we have?我们有多少瓶牛奶？ much 不可数名词 多用于否定句或疑问句 We don’t have much water.我们没有很多水。 many 可数名词复数 多用于否定句或疑问句 We don’t have many bottles of milk.我们没有很多瓶牛奶。 a little 不可数名词 表示“少量，有一些”（肯定） We have a little yogurt.我们有一些酸奶。 a few 可数名词复数 表示“几个，有一些”（肯定） We have a few cartons of juice.我们有几盒果汁。 a lot of / lots of 可数/不可数名词 表示“许多”（多用于肯定句） We have a lot of fruit juice.我们有很多果汁。 enough 可数/不可数名词 表示“足够的” Do we have enough beef?我们有足够的牛肉吗？ no 可数/不可数名词 表示“没有” We have no onions.我们没有洋葱。 二、练习题 （一）用 how much / how many / a little / a few / much / many / a lot of / enough 填空 1. ___________ bottles of milk do we have? 2. We don’t have ___________ water. We need more. 3. There are ___________ cartons of yogurt in the fridge. 4. ___________ sugar do we need for the cake? 5. We have ___________ fruit juice in the car. 6. Do we have ___________ beef for dinner? 7. There are ___________ new words in this article. 8. He put ___________ sugar in his coffee. It’s too sweet. 9. I have ___________ friends in this city. 10. We have ___________ time. Let’s take a break. （二）单项选择 1. —___________ water do we need? —We need two bottles. A. How many B. How much C. How D. What 2. We don’t have ___________ onions. Let’s buy some. A. much B. many C. a little D. a few 3. There is ___________ milk in the fridge. Let’s go to the supermarket. A. a few B. few C. a little D. little 4. —___________ oranges do we have? —Only one. A. How much B. How many C. How D. What 5. We have ___________ beef, but we need more. A. a little B. a few C. much D. many 6. There are ___________ people in the park on weekends. A. a lot of B. much C. little D. few 7. Do we have ___________ time to finish the work? A. enough B. many C. much D. a few 8. He has ___________ friends, so he feels lonely. A. a few B. few C. a little D. little 9. I have ___________ money. I can buy the book. A. a little B. a few C. much D. many 10. There is ___________ rice in the bowl. Let’s cook more. A. a little B. a few C. much D. many （三）完成对话 Su Mei: Do we have ___________ (1) beef for orange beef? Su Wen: No, we don’t. We only have 200 grams. Su Mei: We need to buy some more. ___________ (2) onions do we have? Su Wen: We don’t have any! Su Mei: Let’s buy two onions then. ___________ (3) cooking oil do we have? Su Wen: We have 100 millilitres. That’s more than ___________ (4). We shouldn’t add too ___________ (5) cooking oil. Su Mei: Do we need to buy any sugar? Su Wen: Yes, we do. We only have five grams. The dish will be too sour if we only add ___________ (6) sugar. Su Mei: By the way, we have ___________ (7) orange juice. Su Wen: Great! Let’s go to the supermarket now! Su Mei: Wait, ___________ (8) oranges do we have? Su Wen: Only one. We need three. Su Mei: Oh right! And we need ___________ (9) more beef. Su Wen: Let’s make a list. We need onions, oranges, sugar and beef. Do we have ___________ (10) money? Su Mei: Yes, we do. （四）句型转换 1. We have a lot of fruit juice. （改为否定句） We ___________ have ___________ fruit juice. 2. We have two bottles of water. （对划线部分提问） ___________ ___________ bottles of water do you have? 3. There is a little milk in the glass. （对划线部分提问） ___________ ___________ milk is there in the glass? 4. We have enough time. （改为一般疑问句） ___________ you have ___________ time? 5. There are many people in the park. （改为同义句） There are ___________ ___________ ___________ people in the park. 三、答案与详细解析 （一）填空 1. How many （bottles 是可数名词复数） 2. enough / much （water 是不可数名词） 3. a few （cartons 是可数名词复数，表肯定） 4. How much （sugar 是不可数名词） 5. a lot of （fruit juice 是不可数名词，肯定句） 6. enough （beef 是不可数名词，表“足够的”） 7. many / a lot of （words 是可数名词复数） 8. a lot of / too much （sugar 是不可数名词） 9. a few / a lot of （friends 是可数名词复数） 10. enough / a lot of （time 是不可数名词） （二）单项选择 1. B （water 是不可数名词，用 how much） 2. B （onions 是可数名词复数，否定句用 many） 3. D （milk 是不可数名词，little 表否定“几乎没有”） 4. B （oranges 是可数名词复数，用 how many） 5. A （beef 是不可数名词，a little 表肯定“有一点”） 6. A （people 是可数名词复数，肯定句用 a lot of） 7. A （enough 表示“足够的”，可修饰可数/不可数名词） 8. B （friends 是可数名词复数，few 表否定“几乎没有”） 9. A （money 是不可数名词，a little 表肯定“有一点”） 10. A （rice 是不可数名词，a little 表肯定“有一点”） （三）完成对话 1. enough 2. How many 3. How much 4. enough 5. much 6. a little 7. a lot of / enough 8. How many 9. a lot of / more 10. enough （四）句型转换 1. don’t; much / a lot of 2. How many 3. How much 4. Do; enough 5. a lot of ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $