内容正文:
冀教版七年级下册 Unit 6 单词表
教师备课材料
1. wood (n.) 木材,木头;树林
近义词: timber, lumber (木材);forest (树林)
反义词: metal 金属
词性转换: wood (n.) → wooden (adj. 木制的) → woody (adj. 树木茂密的)
搭配: a piece of wood 一块木头;made of wood 木制的
例句: The table is made of solid wood. 这张桌子是实木做的。
练习:
1. He bought a ______ (wood) chair for his study. (答案:wooden;解析:修饰名词chair,需用形容词形式,意为“木制的”。)
2. The house is in a ______ (wood) area. (答案:woody;解析:修饰名词area,需用形容词,意为“树木茂密的”。)
2. DIY (abbr./adj./n.) 自己动手(的)
全称: Do It Yourself
近义词: homemade, self-made
反义词: ready-made 现成的
词性转换: (作为缩写词,通常直接使用)
搭配: DIY project DIY项目;DIY store DIY商店
例句: DIY furniture is popular among young people. DIY家具在年轻人中很流行。
3. penguin (n.) 企鹅
词性转换: (通常为名词)
搭配: emperor penguin 帝企鹅
例句: Penguins are birds that cannot fly but are excellent swimmers. 企鹅是不会飞但擅长游泳的鸟类。
4. human (n.) 人;(adj.) 人类的
近义词: (n.) person, human being; (adj.) mortal
反义词: (n.) animal, robot 动物,机器人
词性转换: human (n./adj.) → humane (adj. 人道的) → humanity (n. 人类;人道)
搭配: human being 人类;human rights 人权
例句: Water is essential for human life. 水对人类生命至关重要。
练习:
1. We should treat animals in a ______ (human) way. (答案:humane;解析:此处意为“人道的”,用形容词形式。)
2. Advances in medicine benefit all of ______ (human). (答案:humanity;解析:介词of后接名词,指“全人类”。)
5. anything (pron.) 任何事物
近义词: something, everything (在肯定/疑问句中语境不同)
反义词: nothing 没有什么
搭配: anything else? 还要别的吗?anything but 绝不
例句: Is there anything I can do to help? 有什么我能帮忙的吗?
6. else (adv.) 其他,另外
近义词: other, additional
词性转换: (常作副词,用于疑问词或不定代词后)
搭配: what/who/where else;something/anything/nobody else
例句: Would you like anything else to drink? 您还想喝点别的吗?
7. magic (n.) 魔法;魔术;(adj.) 有魔力的
近义词: (n.) sorcery, wizardry; (adj.) magical
反义词: (n.) reality 现实
词性转换: magic (n./adj.) → magical (adj.) → magically (adv.) → magician (n. 魔术师)
搭配: perform magic 表演魔术;as if by magic 像变魔术一样
例句: The children believed in the magic of fairy tales. 孩子们相信童话的魔力。
练习:
1. The evening was truly ______ (magic). (答案:magical;解析:作表语,需用形容词形式。)
2. The ______ (magic) made a rabbit appear from his hat. (答案:magician;解析:此处指“人”,用名词形式。)
8. lively (adj.) 活泼的;生动的
近义词: active, energetic, vivid
反义词: dull, inactive 沉闷的,不活跃的
词性转换: live (v./adj.) → life (n.) → lively (adj.) → liveliness (n.)
搭配: a lively discussion 热烈的讨论;a lively child 活泼的孩子
例句: She has a lively personality and many friends. 她性格活泼,朋友很多。
练习:
1. The ______ (live) audience cheered loudly. (答案:live;解析:此处意为“现场的”,用形容词形式。)
2. Her ______ (lively) is infectious. (答案:liveliness;解析:作主语,需用名词形式。)
9. scissors (n.) 剪刀
词性转换: (常以复数形式出现)
搭配: a pair of scissors 一把剪刀
例句: Could you pass me the scissors? 能把剪刀递给我吗?
10. paper-cut (n.) 剪纸
词性转换: (复合名词)
搭配: Chinese paper-cut 中国剪纸;make a paper-cut 做剪纸
例句: Paper-cut is a traditional Chinese folk art. 剪纸是中国传统的民间艺术。
11. luck (n.) 运气,幸运
近义词: fortune, chance
反义词: misfortune, bad luck 不幸
词性转换: luck (n.) → lucky (adj.) → unlucky (adj. 不幸的) → luckily (adv.)
搭配: good luck 好运;try one's luck 试试运气
例句: Luck was on our side, and we won the game. 运气站在我们这边,我们赢了比赛。
练习:
1. He was ______ (luck) to find his lost keys. (答案:lucky;解析:作表语,需用形容词形式。)
2. ______ (luck), we arrived just before the rain started. (答案:Luckily;解析:修饰整个句子,需用副词形式。)
12. happiness (n.) 幸福,快乐
近义词: joy, delight
反义词: sadness, unhappiness 悲伤,不幸福
词性转换: happy (adj.) → happily (adv.) → happiness (n.) → unhappy (adj.)
搭配: seek happiness 追求幸福;tears of happiness 幸福的泪水
例句: Family is the greatest source of happiness for many people. 对许多人来说,家庭是最大的幸福源泉。
13. imagination (n.) 想象力;想象
近义词: creativity, mind's eye
反义词: reality 现实
词性转换: imagine (v.) → imagination (n.) → imaginative (adj. 富有想象力的) → imaginary (adj. 想象的,虚构的)
搭配: use your imagination 发挥你的想象力;beyond imagination 超乎想象
例句: Children have vivid imaginations. 孩子们有生动的想象力。
练习:
1. She is an ______ (imagine) writer. (答案:imaginative;解析:修饰名词writer,需用形容词,意为“富有想象力的”。)
2. The story is about an ______ (imagine) world. (答案:imaginary;解析:修饰名词world,需用形容词,意为“虚构的”。)
14. costume (n.) 服装;戏服;化装服
近义词: outfit, attire
词性转换: costume (n.) → costumed (adj. 穿着戏服的)
搭配: national costume 民族服装;Halloween costume 万圣节服装
例句: She wore a beautiful traditional costume to the festival. 她穿了一件漂亮的传统服装去参加节日活动。
15. clay (n.) 黏土
词性转换: clay (n.) → clayey (adj. 黏土质的)
搭配: model/pottery clay 陶土;clay sculpture 泥塑
例句: We used clay to make pots in art class. 我们在美术课上用黏土做罐子。
16. myself (pron.) 我自己
词性转换: (反身代词)
搭配: by myself 我独自地;I told myself... 我告诉自己...
例句: I made this cake myself. 这个蛋糕是我自己做的。
17. cloth (n.) 布,布料
近义词: fabric, material
词性转换: cloth (n.) → clothe (v.) → clothes (n. pl. 衣服) → clothing (n. 总称)
搭配: a piece of cloth 一块布;table cloth 桌布
例句: She bought some soft cloth to make a dress. 她买了些柔软的布料做裙子。
练习:
1. It is important to feed and ______ (cloth) your family. (答案:clothe;解析:与feed并列,需用动词原形,意为“给...穿衣”。)
2. Put on your clean ______ (cloth). (答案:clothes;解析:此处指具体的“衣服”,用复数形式。)
18. ahead (adv.) 在前面;向前;预先
近义词: forward, in front
反义词: behind 在后面
词性转换: (通常为副词)
搭配: go ahead 前进;请吧;ahead of time 提前
例句: Look ahead and you'll see the museum. 向前看,你就会看到博物馆。
19. king (n.) 国王;(某领域的)巨擘
近义词: monarch, ruler
反义词: queen 女王;subject 臣民
词性转换: king (n.) → kingdom (n. 王国) → kingship (n. 王位)
搭配: the king of pop 流行音乐之王;King's Day 国王节
例句: The king ruled the country for fifty years. 这位国王统治了这个国家五十年。
练习:
1. He dreamed of ruling his own ______ (king). (答案:kingdom;解析:此处指“王国”,用名词形式。)
2. The ______ (king) passed to his eldest son. (答案:kingship;解析:此处指“王位”,用名词形式。)
20. ourselves (pron.) 我们自己
词性转换: (反身代词)
搭配: by ourselves 我们独自地;enjoy ourselves 玩得开心
例句: We must learn to take care of ourselves. 我们必须学会照顾自己。
21. traditional (adj.) 传统的
近义词: conventional, customary
反义词: modern, unconventional 现代的,非传统的
词性转换: tradition (n.) → traditional (adj.) → traditionally (adv.)
搭配: traditional culture 传统文化;traditional food 传统食物
例句: It is traditional to eat mooncakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival. 中秋节吃月饼是传统。
练习:
1. It's a family ______ (traditional) to have dinner together on Sundays. (答案:tradition;解析:作表语,需用名词形式。)
2. ______ (traditional), weddings are held in the spring. (答案:Traditionally;解析:修饰整个句子,需用副词形式。)
22. pattern (n.) 图案;模式;花样
近义词: design, model
反义词: randomness 随机
词性转换: pattern (n.) → patterned (adj. 有图案的)
搭配: a checked pattern 格子图案;behavior pattern 行为模式
例句: The wallpaper has a beautiful floral pattern. 墙纸有漂亮的花卉图案。
23. including (prep.) 包括...在内
近义词: containing, comprising
反义词: excluding 不包括
词性转换: include (v.) → including (prep.) → inclusion (n.) → inclusive (adj.)
搭配: ten people, including two children 十个人,包括两个孩子
例句: The price is $50, including tax. 价格是50美元,含税。
练习:
1. Does the price ______ (including) breakfast? (答案:include;解析:作谓语动词,需用动词原形。)
2. The list was ______ (include) of all necessary items. (答案:inclusive;解析:be inclusive of为固定搭配,意为“包含...的”。)
24. express (v.) 表达;(adj.) 快速的;(n.) 快车
近义词: (v.) convey, show; (adj.) fast, rapid
反义词: (v.) suppress 抑制;(adj.) slow 慢的
词性转换: express (v./adj./n.) → expression (n.) → expressive (adj. 富有表现力的)
搭配: express oneself 表达自己;express mail 快递邮件
例句: It's hard for him to express his feelings in words. 他很难用语言表达自己的感受。
练习:
1. Her face was ______ (express) of great joy. (答案:expressive;解析:be expressive of为固定搭配,意为“表现出...的”。)
2. "Good luck" is a common ______ (express). (答案:expression;解析:此处指“词语,表达方式”,用名词形式。)
25. able (adj.) 有能力的;能够...的
近义词: capable, competent
反义词: unable, incapable 不能的
词性转换: able (adj.) → ability (n.) → enable (v. 使能够) → disable (v. 使残疾)
搭配: be able to do sth 能够做某事
例句: Will you be able to come to the meeting? 你能来开会吗?
练习:
1. She has the ______ (able) to solve difficult problems. (答案:ability;解析:作宾语,需用名词形式。)
2. This software will ______ (able) you to edit videos easily. (答案:enable;解析:作谓语动词,意为“使能够”。)
26. material (n.) 材料,原料;资料;(adj.) 物质的
近义词: (n.) substance, fabric; (adj.) physical
反义词: (adj.) spiritual 精神的
词性转换: material (n./adj.) → materialism (n. 唯物主义) → materialize (v. 实现,具体化)
搭配: raw material 原材料;reading material 阅读材料
例句: We need to gather all the materials before we start the project. 我们需要在开始项目前收集好所有材料。
练习:
1. He is more concerned with ______ (material) wealth than happiness. (答案:material;解析:修饰名词wealth,需用形容词形式,意为“物质的”。)
2. Our plans finally ______ (material) last year. (答案:materialized;解析:作谓语动词,意为“实现”,用过去式。)
27. string (n.) 线;细绳;一串;(v.) 用线穿/系
近义词: (n.) cord, line; (v.) thread
词性转换: string (n./v.) → stringy (adj. 线状的,多筋的)
搭配: a piece of string 一根绳子;a string of pearls 一串珍珠
例句: She tied the package with a piece of string. 她用一根绳子把包裹捆起来。
28. stick (n.) 棍,棒;(v.) 粘贴;刺;卡住
近义词: (n.) rod; (v.) paste, attach, jam
反义词: (v.) unstick, detach 松开,分离
词性转换: stick (n./v.) → sticky (adj. 黏的) → sticker (n. 贴纸)
搭配: walking stick 手杖;stick to 坚持;粘住
例句: Stick the stamp on the envelope. 把邮票贴在信封上。
练习:
1. My fingers are ______ (stick) from the candy. (答案:sticky;解析:作表语,需用形容词形式,意为“黏的”。)
2. He put a ______ (stick) on his notebook. (答案:sticker;解析:此处指“贴纸”,用名词形式。)
29. glue (n.) 胶水;(v.) 粘贴
近义词: (n.) adhesive; (v.) stick, paste
反义词: (v.) unglue 使分开
词性转换: glue (n./v.) → gluey (adj. 胶质的,黏的)
搭配: a tube of glue 一管胶水;glue sth together 把某物粘在一起
例句: Use glue to fix the broken vase. 用胶水修补破花瓶。
30. connect (v.) 连接;联系
近义词: join, link, attach
反义词: disconnect, separate 断开,分离
词性转换: connect (v.) → connection (n.) → connective (adj./n. 连接的;连接词)
搭配: connect A to/with B 将A与B连接;connect to the internet 连接网络
例句: The bridge connects the two sides of the town. 这座桥连接了小镇的两边。
练习:
1. There is a strong ______ (connect) between smoking and illness. (答案:connection;解析:作主语,需用名词形式。)
2. Words like "and" and "but" are ______ (connect). (答案:connectives;解析:作表语,指“连接词”,用名词复数形式。)
31. butterfly (n.) 蝴蝶
词性转换: (通常为名词)
搭配: butterfly effect 蝴蝶效应;have butterflies in one's stomach 紧张,心里七上八下
例句: A beautiful butterfly landed on the flower. 一只美丽的蝴蝶落在花上。
32. award (n.) 奖,奖项;(v.) 授予,颁发
近义词: (n.) prize, trophy; (v.) give, grant
反义词: (v.) revoke 撤销
词性转换: award (n./v.) → awardee (n. 获奖者)
搭配: win/receive an award 获奖;award ceremony 颁奖典礼
例句: She won the award for best actress. 她获得了最佳女演员奖。
练习:
1. The ______ (award) will give a speech. (答案:awardee;解析:此处指“人”,用名词形式,意为“获奖者”。)
2. They will ______ (award) him a scholarship for his excellent grades. (答案:award;解析:作谓语动词,用动词原形,意为“颁发”。)
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