Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 语法Grammar 一般过去时的被动语态-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元语法词汇练习（外研版）

Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 一般过去时的被动语态 （时间：40分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择(本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分) 1．The netizen’s story about following rules ________ by many people on social media last week. A．shares B．shared C．is shared D．was shared 2．This piece of Chinese folk song ________ into different foreign songs not long after it got popular. A．is translated B．translates C．was translated D．translated 3．The smart mirror ________ by a young inventor last year. It can show people’s health data. A．invents B．invented C．is invented D．was invented 4．—What did you do last May Day? —I planned to go out but we ________ on the way because of a traffic accident. A．were trapping B．are trapping C．were trapped D．are trapped 5．Mr. Gao used to be a writer and he ________ for writing children’s picture books. A．admires B．admired C．is admiring D．was admired 6．Whom ________ the car ________ by in this accident? A．did; drive B．does; drive C．is; driven D．was; driven 7．—Daming, where are Betty and Tony? —They ________ to hang flags in the hall by the head teacher. A．asked B．were asked C．will ask D．will be asked 8．Damin ________ to make a programme about cormorant fishing yesterday. A．chose B．was choosing C．was chosen D．chosen 9．The birthday cake was quickly ________ by the children. A．eat up B．ate up C．eating up D．eaten up 10．What an amazing picture! It ________ more than 900 years ago. A．painted B．was painted C．is painted D．will be painted 11．A new way to kill locusts (蝗虫) ________ in Xinjiang last month. A．is developed B．developed C．was developed D．will develop 12．—Did the doctor save the boy? —Yes, he ________ on the morning of May 10th. He is out of danger now. A．operated B．operated on C．was operated D．was operated on 13．Neil Armstrong ___________ with the Medal of Freedom because he became the first man on the moon. A．present B．is presented C．presented D．was presented 14．—I hear that you took part in a forest clean-up activity last Sunday. —Yes, it ________ by our school green club to protect forests. A．organizes B．organized C．was organized D．will be organized 15．Although a great deal of money ________ at the charity show, the cost of living ________ a lot, so we will need to do much work to help the poor people. A．was raised; has raised B．was raised; has risen C．rose; was raised D．rose; has risen 16．—Have you heard about that car accident near the school? —Yes. Luckily no one ________ A．will hurt B．was hurt C．has hurt D．were hurt 17．Your invitation ________ by Tom last week. A．is accepted B．are accepted C．was accepted D．were accepted 18．Last year there were over 100 cases of the disease. Luckily, most of them _________. A．were cured B．cured C．have cured D．were curing 19．It was reported that Ke Jie ________ by AlphaGo in May, 2017. A．beat B．beats C．will be beaten D．was beaten 20．The story was _________ a play by Jim a few years ago. A．make into B．make in C．made into D．made in 二、单词拼写(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 21．Mo Yan became famous when one of his novels (make) into a movie by the director. 22．All the visitors (trap) on the top of the mountain because of the sudden snowstorm. 23．Someone found the poor little girl was (freeze) to death this morning. 24．I think my iPad (hide) by my mother just now. I can’t find it anywhere. 25．Was the old lady last seen (enter) the building on her own last night? 26．The old couple were (lead) into a big hall with lots of colorful decorations. 27．The tower was badly after the earthquake. (damage) 28．The money (steal) by Jim yesterday. 29．Cormorant fishing was once (practise) in lots of places in South-East China. 30．He was (defeat) by his opponents (对手) in this election. 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分) 31．刚才学生们被老师分成五组玩游戏。 The students were five groups by the teacher to play games just now. 32．这本著名的小说在1992年被制作成了电影。 This famous novel into a film in 1992. 33．十年前，他被称为“世界上最聪明的人”。 Ten years ago, he “the cleverest person in the world”． 34．昨天，那个调皮的男孩打破了这扇窗户。 The window by that naughty boy yesterday. 35．在这所医院里，残疾儿童得到了很好的照顾。 The disabled children good care of in this hospital. 36．出发时，乌云蔽日，所幸并未下雨。 The sun black clouds when we left. Luckily, it didn’t rain. 37．宇宙飞船因为发生碰撞被毁了。 The spaceship because of . 38．某人头部受到撞击。 Someone the head. 39．家长和学生昨晚被邀请去参加学校音乐会。 Parents and students were the school concert last night. 40．经过长时间的讨论，我们终于选定了此次活动的主题。 After a long discussion, the topic of this activity finally by . 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 一般过去时的被动语态 （时间：40分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择(本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分) 1．The netizen’s story about following rules ________ by many people on social media last week. A．shares B．shared C．is shared D．was shared 【答案】D 【详解】句意：上周，这位网民关于遵守规则的故事在社交媒体上被许多人分享。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。shares三单形式；shared过去式；is shared一般现在时被动；was shared一般过去时被动。句子主语“story”与动词“share”之间为被动关系，时间状语“last week”表示过去，需用被动语态的过去式。故选D。 2．This piece of Chinese folk song ________ into different foreign songs not long after it got popular. A．is translated B．translates C．was translated D．translated 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这首中国民歌在流行后不久就被翻译成不同的外国歌曲。 考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语“not long after it got popular”可知，动作发生在过去，且主语“this piece of Chinese folk song”与动词“translate”之间是被动关系，表示歌曲被翻译，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 3．The smart mirror ________ by a young inventor last year. It can show people’s health data. A．invents B．invented C．is invented D．was invented 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个智能镜子去年被一个年轻的发明家发明。它能够显示人们的健康数据。 考查被动语态和时态。invents一般现在时；invented过去式；is invented一般现在时的被动语态；was invented一般过去时的被动语态。句子主语“the smart mirror”是动作的承受者，且时间状语“last year”表示过去，因此需用过去时的被动语态“was invented”。故选D。 4．—What did you do last May Day? —I planned to go out but we ________ on the way because of a traffic accident. A．were trapping B．are trapping C．were trapped D．are trapped 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——过去的五一劳动节你做了什么？——我本来打算出去，但因为一场交通事故，我们在路上被困住了。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“What did you do last May Day?”可知，对话谈论的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，we和trap之间是被动关系，即“我们被困住”，要用一般过去时的被动语态，应该用were trapped。故选C。 5．Mr. Gao used to be a writer and he ________ for writing children’s picture books. A．admires B．admired C．is admiring D．was admired 【答案】D 【详解】句意：高先生过去是一位作家，他因写儿童图画书而受到人们的尊敬。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。admires钦佩，赞美，第三人称单数；admired钦佩，赞美，过去式；is admiring被钦佩，赞美，一般现在时的被动语态；was admired被钦佩，赞美，一般过去时的被动语态。根据“Mr. Gao used to be a writer”可知，时态为一般过去时，主语he，与谓语动词admire构成被动关系，所以此处考查一般过去时的被动语态，结构为：was+admired。故选D。 6．Whom ________ the car ________ by in this accident? A．did; drive B．does; drive C．is; driven D．was; driven 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在这起事故中，车是由谁开的？ 考查时态及语态。分析句子结构可知，主语“the car”与谓语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以此处应用被动语态；根据句意可知，此处指发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选D。 7．—Daming, where are Betty and Tony? —They ________ to hang flags in the hall by the head teacher. A．asked B．were asked C．will ask D．will be asked 【答案】B 【详解】——大明，贝蒂和托尼在哪里？——他们被班主任要求在大厅里悬挂旗帜。 考查时态与被动语态。分析句子可知，答语中的“They”指的就是问句里的“Betty and Tony”；由“by the head teacher”，可知主语“They”与谓语动词是被动关系，所以要使用被动语态；根据对话情景，他们悬挂旗帜的动作不可能发生在将来，所以要用“一般过去时的被动语态”，故选B。 8．Damin ________ to make a programme about cormorant fishing yesterday. A．chose B．was choosing C．was chosen D．chosen 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天，Damin被选中制作一个关于鸬鹚捕鱼的节目。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。chose挑选，动词过去式；was choosing过去进行时；was chosen一般过去时的被动语态；chosen挑选，动词过去分词。根据“yesterday”可知，昨天发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，又因Damin与挑选做节目之间为被动，故语态为被动，主语为Damin，谓语用“was+动词过去分词”，chosen为动词的过去分词。故选C。 9．The birthday cake was quickly ________ by the children. A．eat up B．ate up C．eating up D．eaten up 【答案】D 【详解】句意：生日蛋糕很快被孩子们吃光了。 考查被动语态。分析句子可知，主语the birthday cake和谓语eat之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，其谓语结构为“be+done”，故选D。 10．What an amazing picture! It ________ more than 900 years ago. A．painted B．was painted C．is painted D．will be painted 【答案】B 【详解】句意：多么令人惊奇的画！它是900多年前画的。 考查被动语态。it代指picture，和谓语paint之间是被动关系，根据“900 years ago”可知句子用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选B。 11．A new way to kill locusts (蝗虫) ________ in Xinjiang last month. A．is developed B．developed C．was developed D．will develop 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上个月，新疆研发出了一种杀灭蝗虫的新方法。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据时间状语“last month”，可知句子时态用一般过去时，且句子的主语是动作的承受者，因此应用被动语态；一般过去时的被动语态结构为：was/were+动词的过去分词。故选C。 12．—Did the doctor save the boy? —Yes, he ________ on the morning of May 10th. He is out of danger now. A．operated B．operated on C．was operated D．was operated on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——医生救了那个男孩吗？——是的，他在5月10日上午动了手术。他现在脱离危险了。 考查动词短语以及被动语态。operate on“动手术”，后可接宾语；operate“动手术”，不及物动词。此空是指给男孩做手术，应用动词短语operate on。he是指代前文提到的the boy，男孩被做手术，故此处应用被动语态，故选D。 13．Neil Armstrong ___________ with the Medal of Freedom because he became the first man on the moon. A．present B．is presented C．presented D．was presented 【答案】D 【详解】句意：尼尔·阿姆斯特朗被授予自由勋章，因为他是第一个登上月球的人。 考查时态及语态。主语“Neil Armstrong”与动词present之间是动宾关系，结合“because he became the first man on the moon”可知要用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done。故选D。 14．—I hear that you took part in a forest clean-up activity last Sunday. —Yes, it ________ by our school green club to protect forests. A．organizes B．organized C．was organized D．will be organized 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我听说你上周日参加了森林清理活动。——是的。我们学校的环保俱乐部组织了这次活动来保护森林。 考查动词的时态和语态。根据“last Sunday”可知是过去的事，是一般过去时。主语“it”指的是“a forest clean-up activity”，和动词之间是被动关系，表达“被组织”用一般过去时的被动结构“was organized”。故选C。 15．Although a great deal of money ________ at the charity show, the cost of living ________ a lot, so we will need to do much work to help the poor people. A．was raised; has raised B．was raised; has risen C．rose; was raised D．rose; has risen 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然在慈善演出中筹集了大量的资金，但是生活费用上涨了很多，所以我们需要做很多工作来帮助穷人。 考查动词辨析、时态及语态。raise举起，筹款；rise上升。第一空，raise money表示“筹款”，money作主语，且动作已发生，应用一般过去时的被动语态，即was raised；第二空，用rise意为“上升，升高”，表示生活费用的上升，生活费用的提高对现在有影响，所以用现在完成时。故选B。 16．—Have you heard about that car accident near the school? —Yes. Luckily no one ________ A．will hurt B．was hurt C．has hurt D．were hurt 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你听说学校附近发生的车祸了吗？——是的。幸运的是没有人受伤。 考查动词时态和语态。此处表示“幸运的是无人受伤”。“受伤”用被动结构be hurt，事故也已经发生，则用一般过去时的被动语态。主语no one看作单数，be动词用was。故选B。 17．Your invitation ________ by Tom last week. A．is accepted B．are accepted C．was accepted D．were accepted 【答案】C 【详解】句意：汤姆上周接受了你的邀请。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last week”可知，时态是一般过去时，主语“Your invitation”是动作“accept”的承受者，所以用一般过去时的被动语态；主语是单数，be动词用was。故选C。 18．Last year there were over 100 cases of the disease. Luckily, most of them _________. A．were cured B．cured C．have cured D．were curing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：去年有100多例这种疾病。幸运的是，大多数人都被治愈了。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。 19．It was reported that Ke Jie ________ by AlphaGo in May, 2017. A．beat B．beats C．will be beaten D．was beaten 【答案】D 【详解】句意：据报道，柯杰于2017年5月被AlphaGo击败。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语Ke Jie和谓语beat之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态：be+done；根据“in May, 2017”可知时态为一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。 20．The story was _________ a play by Jim a few years ago. A．make into B．make in C．made into D．made in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：几年前，吉姆把这个故事改编成了戏剧。 考查动词短语以及被动语态。be made in产自；be made into被制成。根据“by Jim”可知，此处用被动语态，可排除AB选项；再根据“The story was … a play”可知，这个故事改编成了戏剧，故选C。 二、单词拼写(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) 21．Mo Yan became famous when one of his novels (make) into a movie by the director. 【答案】was made 【详解】句意：当莫言的小说之一被导演制作成电影时，他变得出名的。根据“Mo Yan became famous”可知句子时态为一般过去时，而主语“one of his novels”和谓语make之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，一般过去时的被动语态的谓语结构为“was/were+done”，主语为第三人称单数，be动词应用was，故填was made。 22．All the visitors (trap) on the top of the mountain because of the sudden snowstorm. 【答案】were trapped 【详解】句意：由于突如其来的暴风雪，所有的游客都被困在了山顶上。trap“陷入困境”，动词；分析语境可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时，而且该句主语“All the visitors”与动词构成被动关系，所以使用一般过去时被动语态（was/were done），主语是复数，助动词使用were，trap的过去分词形式为trapped。故填were trapped。 23．Someone found the poor little girl was (freeze) to death this morning. 【答案】frozen 【详解】句意：今天早上有人发现那个可怜的小女孩被冻死了。主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，故填frozen。 24．I think my iPad (hide) by my mother just now. I can’t find it anywhere. 【答案】was hidden 【详解】句意：我想我的iPad刚刚被我妈妈藏起来了。我到处找不到它。just now说明句子用一般过去时，从句主语my iPad与动词hide（隐藏）存在被动关系，句子应用被动语态，其结构为：was/were+过去分词。主语my iPad为单数名词，be动词应用was，动词hide的过去分词为hidden。故填was hidden。 25．Was the old lady last seen (enter) the building on her own last night? 【答案】to enter 【详解】句意：最后有人看见那位老太太是昨晚独自进入大楼的吗？此处考查see sb do sth，意为“看见某人做某事”，后面跟不带to的宾补；在被动语态中加上to。故填to enter。 26．The old couple were (lead) into a big hall with lots of colorful decorations. 【答案】led 【详解】句意：那对老夫妇被领进了一个装饰着许多五颜六色的大厅。根据“were”和句子结构可知，主语和动词lead是被动关系，应用被动语态结构，动词用过去分词。故填led。 27．The tower was badly after the earthquake. (damage) 【答案】damaged 【详解】句意：地震后，这座塔遭到严重破坏。主语是The tower与damage之间是动宾关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，即be+动词过去分词的结构。故填damaged。 28．The money (steal) by Jim yesterday. 【答案】was stolen 【详解】句意：钱昨天被吉姆偷了。根据“yesterday”可知，时态是一般过去时，且主语和谓语动词是动宾关系，因此使用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were done，主语是不可数名词，be动词用was。故填was stolen。 29．Cormorant fishing was once (practise) in lots of places in South-East China. 【答案】practised 【详解】句意：在中国东南部的许多地方曾经进行过鸬鹚捕鱼。主语Cormorant fishing和谓语practise之间是被动关系，此处用过去分词和be动词构成被动语态。故填practised。 30．He was (defeat) by his opponents (对手) in this election. 【答案】defeated 【详解】句意：在这次选举中，他被对手击败了。根据“He was … by his opponents”可知，此处是指被对手击败了；主语“He”与动词defeat“击败，战胜”为被动关系，这里应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was done，动词defeat的过去分词为defeated。故填defeated。 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分) 31．刚才学生们被老师分成五组玩游戏。 The students were five groups by the teacher to play games just now. 【答案】 divided into 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，此处表达“把……分成……”，使用divide into；句子主语The students与动词divide之间是被动关系，且由were可知此处为一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，divide的过去分词是divided。故填divided；into。 32．这本著名的小说在1992年被制作成了电影。 This famous novel into a film in 1992. 【答案】 was made 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处应填短语be made into“被制成……”；根据“in 1992”可知，此句为一般过去时，主语“novel”为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was；made。 33．十年前，他被称为“世界上最聪明的人”。 Ten years ago, he “the cleverest person in the world”． 【答案】 was called/named 【详解】对照中英文可知，需要翻译“被称为”，call和name都有“称呼之意，本句要使用被动语态，其结构为be done，根据“Ten years ago”可知，本句使用一般过去时的被动结构，主语是he，be动词用was。故填was；called/named。 34．昨天，那个调皮的男孩打破了这扇窗户。 The window by that naughty boy yesterday. 【答案】 was broken 【详解】根据句意可知空格处缺少“打破”break，根据语境可知时态用一般过去时，“窗户”与“打破”关系是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成是was/were done，在句中作谓语。故填was；broken。 35．在这所医院里，残疾儿童得到了很好的照顾。 The disabled children good care of in this hospital. 【答案】 were taken 【详解】take good care of “好好照顾”，动词短语。根据汉语意思可知，残疾儿童是“被” 好好照顾，故应用被动语态。时态用一般过去时；结构为：主语+was/were +done；主语“The disabled children”为复数，be动词用were。故填were；taken。 36．出发时，乌云蔽日，所幸并未下雨。 The sun black clouds when we left. Luckily, it didn’t rain. 【答案】was covered with 【详解】cover“覆盖”，动词；根据汉意可知“太阳被乌云覆盖”，应用被动语态；再根据“left”判断时态为一般过去时，故应用一般过去时的被动语态；be covered with“被……所覆盖”。故填was covered with。 37．宇宙飞船因为发生碰撞被毁了。 The spaceship because of . 【答案】 was damaged crashing 【详解】由汉语和所给的英语翻译可知，“损坏”译成：damage；“碰撞”译成：crash。主语The spaceship与动词damage之间是被动关系，时态为一般过去时，因此这里用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是：was/were+动词的过去分词，主语The spaceship是单数，因此be动词用was；because of后跟动名词。故填was；damaged；crashing。 38．某人头部受到撞击。 Someone the head. 【答案】 was hit on 【详解】be hit“被撞击”，on the head“在头部”，时态是一般过去时，故填was；hit；on。 39．家长和学生昨晚被邀请去参加学校音乐会。 Parents and students were the school concert last night. 【答案】 invited to 【详解】invite sb to sp.表示“邀请某人去某地”，表示“某人被邀请去某地”应用被动形式，即sb be invited to sp.，故填invited；to。 40．经过长时间的讨论，我们终于选定了此次活动的主题。 After a long discussion, the topic of this activity finally by . 【答案】 was decided on us 【详解】“选定”decide on。主语“the topic of this activity”与动词短语decide on之间是动宾关系，用被动语态，结合“我们终于选定了”可知用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用was，decide的过去分词形式为decided；by后接人称代词宾格us表示“我们”。故填was；decided；on；us。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $