Unit 1 Time to Relax-第4课时（Section A 4a-4c）【教学课件】2025-2026学年 人教版八年级下册英语

人教版英语8年级下册培优备课精做课件 第4课时（Section A 4a-4c） Unit 1 Time to Relax 授课教师： Home . 班 级： 八年级（---）班 . 时 间： . 2026年2月7日 2026年2月7日星期六8时10分57秒 2026年2月7日星期六8时10分58秒 I usually listen to music to relax. I usually go to the park to walk a dog. I decide to see a movie with my friends. I plan to go hiking with my parents. Read and find 仔细观察这四个句子的结构，有什么相似之处呢？ Infinitive 动词不定式 概述 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。 本单元重点讲讲解动词不定式作宾语补足语和目的状语。 动词不定式 状语 宾语补足语 adverbial object complement “to do” Infinitive 动词不定式 一、根据所给提示完成单词。（5分） 1. The actor is famous around the world for his excellent ____________（功夫）skills in movies. 2.［扬州中考改编］The wind power of our country develops more quickly as we ________（推动）for green energy. kung fu push 中考考法 3. I often ask __________（我自己）what I really want to be in the future. 4. My grandmother loves ________（闲聊）with neighbours while watering her plants. 5. Our class will have an ________（远足）to the farm next weekend. myself chatting  outing 中考考法 动词不定式通常由“to+动词原形”构成，其中to 是不定式符号，没有实际意义，有时可以不带to。动词不定式的否定形式是“not to+动词原形”。 She asked me to plan a treasure hunt. 她要我策划一个寻宝游戏。 →She asked me not to plan a treasure hunt. 她要我不要策划一个寻宝游戏。 构成 动词不定式作宾语补足语 常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词（短语）有 tell，ask，want，teach，encourage，expect，wish，invite，would like等。 He told us to have a rest. 他告诉我们休息一下。 I expect you to get over these difficulties. 我期待你克服这些困难。 用于解释说明宾语的动作或状态，通常用于宾语后面，构成“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。 用法 不带to的情况 （1）在使役动词 let，make，have之后作宾语补足语。 My parents let me watch cartoons for 20 minutes every night. 我父母允许我每晚看 20 分钟动画片。 I made Alice change her mind. 我让爱丽丝改变了想法。 My mother often has me clean my bedroom on weekends. 我妈妈经常让我在周末打扫卧室。 允许、放任（语气温和，无强制性） 迫使、强迫（语气强硬，有强制性） 让、叫、请（语气中性，偏 “安排 / 请求”） （2）在感官动词（短语）feel，hear，listen to，see，watch，notice，look at 之后作宾语补足语。 I saw her leave half an hour ago. 半小时前我看见她离开了。 She likes to listen to the birds sing in the morning. 她喜欢早上听鸟儿唱歌。 They are listening to the rain beating against the window.他们正听着雨点敲打窗户的声音。 注意：do 强调动作的全过程或经常性 doing强调动作正在进行 （3）help 后的动词不定式可带 to，也可不带 to。 Please help me（to）put up a tent. 请帮助我搭帐篷。 The teacher helped us (to) finish the group project. 老师帮我们完成了小组课题。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。（10分） 6. I should take care of ________ (I) when my parents are away. 7. My sister got into ________ (run) every morning to keep healthy. 8. —Are you going to read the book Journey to the West? —Yes, Mr Zhang wants us ________ (read) such traditional Chinese books. myself running to read 中考考法 9. It is always important ________ (have) your own hobbies and interests. 10.［重庆期中］Let us ______ (buy) some strawberries to make a birthday cake for Mom. 11. The teacher tells the children ________________ (not swim) in the river. It’s too dangerous! to have buy not to swim 中考考法 12.［绥化中考］Our English teacher is humorous and he often tells funny jokes to make us ________ (laugh). 13. After thinking twice, Billy decided ______________ (not raise) a pet pig at home. 14. Mary usually goes to the village ____________ (see) her grandparents once a week. laugh 点拨：make sb. do sth.让某人做某事，有类似用法的动词还有let，have等。 not to raise to see 中考考法 15. —I don’t know how ______________ (write) a poem in Chinese. —Why not ask your Chinese teacher for help? to write 中考考法 一感（feel）， 二听（hear，listen to）， 三让（have，make，let）， 四看（see，watch，notice，look at）， 半帮助（help）（即动词不定式在help 后面作宾语补足语时，to可有可无）。 巧记 动词不定式不带to的情况 动词不定式（to do 形式）作目的状语时，用来说明主句动作的目的，翻译时常带有 “为了” 的含义， 动词不定式(短语)作目的状语时,通常放在句末，无需加逗号；也可放在句首，强调目的，需加逗号, 与后面的内容隔开 动词不定式作状语 动词不定式分句具有副词的特性，可在句中作状语。 （1）动词不定式作目的状语 To keep healthy, you should change your eating habits. 为了保持健康，你应该改变饮食习惯。 I get up early to catch the first bus. 我早起是为了赶上第一班公交车。 He stayed up late in order to finish his homework. 他熬夜是为了完成作业。 We should plant more trees so as to protect the environment.我们应该多植树来保护环境。 注：为了加强语气，可在不定式前加 in order to 或 so as to，含义不变: in order to：可放句首或句末 so as to：只能放句末 I’m sorry to hear that. 听到那件事我很难过。 常接在作表语的形容词后面。 （2）动词不定式作原因状语 She is too young to go to school. 她太小了，不能上学。 常接用在“too... to”结构中。 （3）动词不定式作结果状语 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。（18分） 16. 看了那场激动人心的篮球比赛后，肯开始打篮球。 After watching the exciting basketball game, Ken ________ ________ playing basketball. 17. 这个舞蹈看起来很难，但我们应该尝试一下。 The dance seems very difficult, but we should ________ ________ ________ ________. got into give it a go 中考考法 18. 所有学生们都想去山里郊游，欣赏美丽的风景。 All the students want to ______ _____ _____ ________ to the mountains to enjoy the beautiful scenery. 19. 琳达偶尔吃垃圾食品，但她知道这不健康。 Linda eats junk food ______ ______ ______ ________, but she knows it’s not healthy. go on an outing once in a while 中考考法 20. 你在这份工作上太拼命了。你需要休息一下。 You’re ________ ________ ________ ________ in this job. You need to take a break. pushing yourself too hard 中考考法 What do you do in your free time? I play the flute to relax. How did you spend your weekend? I went to the sports centre to ice-skate. How did you get into painting? I saw my mother paint. I decided to give it a go. What did your instructor say? She told me not to give up so easily. Read the sentences. Decide if each infinitive in bold functions as an object complement or adverbial. 4a adverbial adverbial object complement object complement A: Thanks for your advice! It made me _________ (decide) to try skiing. B: You’re welcome. Try _________(forget) your fears and have fun! A: My cousin often asks me ________(fly) kites with her when it’s windy. B: That sounds fun! I’d love to watch you ________ (fly) kites sometime. Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 4b 1. 2. decide to forget to fly fly A: I love to watch kung fu movies _________(relax). B: Really? When I want __________(relax), I watch animal videos. A: My parents told me ___________(not push) myself too hard. B: Yes, it’s important _____________(not forget) to relax once in a while. 3. 4. to relax to relax not to push not to forget Complete the passage with the infinitive forms of the verbs in the box. What do you usually do outdoors? 4c My twin brother and I look alike, but we are so different. I love sport, and I often meet my friends _______football and tennis. My brother joined us to play football once or twice, but he decided _________ after that. He doesn’t like sport (not) come do listen play spend stay watch to play not to come very much! Instead, he likes __________at home and ________ movies, ________ to music, and chat with friends online. Our parents were worried about him staying home too much. They also wanted us _________ more time together as a family. So, now they let us __________ our favourite activities on Saturdays, but on Sundays, we go on a family outing together! (not) come do listen play spend stay watch to stay watch listen to spend do 四、［合肥期中］完形填空。 Jada Fitch is an artist from the USA. She is __21__ a bird lover. And she shows her love by building__ 22__ for birds. 21.( )A. sometimes B. never C. even D. also 22.( )A. restaurants B. houses C. hospitals D. hotels D B 中考考法 Jada enjoys__ 23__ and drawing birds. To get closer to her bird friends, she comes up with a(n)__24__. She makes little houses out of cardboard(硬纸板)and there is some food inside. Then she puts these houses on her windows. 23.( )A. listening B. picking C. making D. watching 24.( )A. idea B. window C. lesson D. story D A 中考考法 So she gets a better view of the__ 25__. It takes the birds some time to__ 26__ the little cardboard houses. 25.( )A. sky B. houses C. birds D. food 26.( )A. turn off B. cut down C. get into D. look after C C 中考考法 Jada wants to__ 27__ that moment, so she sets her camera phone on some books. Every time a bird pokes(探)its head into one of the houses, she takes__ 28__ and videos of it. 27.( )A. catch B. program C. return D. manage 28.( )A. books B. photos C. actions D. problems A B 中考考法 Every little house is beautiful and__ 29__ different from each other. But people cannot watch them all day long. And these houses are made of cardboard,__30__ they are not waterproof(防水的). Jada only puts them outside for a few hours each day. Anyway(不管怎样), what could be sweeter than that? 29.( )A. sounds B. hears C. tastes D. looks 30.( )A. but B. so C. when D. if D B 中考考法 1. How did you get into painting? 你是怎么开始画画的? (教材P5 4a) （1）开始做某事 get into She got into painting after taking a few art classes. 在上过几节美术课后，她就开始接触绘画了。 He easily got into the building through the open door. 他轻而易举地从开着的门进入了大楼。 （2）进入 近义短语：take up 开始学；开始从事 Language points get into 还可表示“处于(某种情形)；养成(某种习惯) ”。 Nobody wants to get into trouble. 没有人想惹上麻烦。 She got into the habit of taking a nap at noon. 她养成了中午休憩的习惯。 2. I saw my mother paint. I decided to give it a go (教材P5 4a) 此处 go 作名词，意为“尝试，一番努力”，give it a go 是英语中常用的口语表达，相当于 have a try。 give it a go 试一试某事 This maths problem may be too hard，but let’s give it a go first. 这道数学题也许太难，但我们先试一试吧。 Let me have a go at riding your new bike. 让我试试骑你的新自行车。 五、［南通期末］阅读理解。 Gordon Williams’s hobby may seem strange to people when they meet it for the first time. But it is a traditional craft(手艺). He builds model ships inside old bottles. Gordon has always loved ships, especially sailing ships from the old days. His interest in this hobby began many years ago when he visited a museum in Ottawa. There was a show of model ships in bottles. Gordon thought the show was 中考考法 wonderful. But he wondered how the craftsman got the ship through the thin neck of the bottle. Gordon decided to find it out. He found a craftsman who was willing to teach him the skills. First, Gordon takes an old bottle. Then he puts in a layer of putty(一层油灰), carefully shaped and painted, to make it look like the sea. Next, he builds the ship. To get the ship through the neck of the bottle, Gordon holds down the masts(桅杆). Once 中考考法 the ship is inside the bottle, he takes a long, thin tool to raise the masts. Gordon has completed well over one hundred models. His wish is to build bigger model ships, such as aircraft carriers. This will be more challenging, as he will have to build the ship actually inside the bottle. His hobby certainly needs time, patience and a steady hand. 中考考法 31.( ) What may people think of Gordon’s hobby when they first meet it? A. Traditional. B. Useful. C. Unusual. D. Interesting. C 中考考法 32.( )Which of the following pictures shows the last step of Gordon’s work? B 中考考法 33.( )Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. A Strange Hobby: Building Model Ships in Bottles B. Gordon Williams: A Ship-lover C. The Secret of Building Model Ships D. Challenges in Gordon’s Hobby A 中考考法 1. Review and understand the grammar—Infinitives as adverbials and object complements. 2. Do the related exercises to consolidate what we’ve learnt today. Assignments $