Unit 6 Understanding ideas Grammar 课件 2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级下册

Understanding ideas Grammar Unit 3 Living with nature Understand and identify object clause structures in the reading passage, especially those led by question words, and find more examples from the text. （学习理解） 01 Use the grammar rules of object clauses to complete the exercises. （应用实践） 02 Use the learned sentence patterns and useful expressions to work with a partner and conduct structured dialogues or descriptions around given natural law topics. (迁移创新) 03 Learning Objectives Lead in What grammar can you notice? 宾语从句 Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules. 5 I didn't know how popular the paintings would become. (b) They help people understand why nature works this way. What can you find? Presentation 疑问词引导的宾语从句 Object Clause Now find one more sentence with these structures in the reading passage. Presentation The terms helped them understand why things happened at certain times. The terms helped them understand how they should react. I didn't know how popular the paintings would become. They help people understand why nature works this way. Analyze the sentence structure 主句（主语+谓语） + 引导词 + 从句（主语+谓语+其他） 在疑问词引导的宾语从句中，要用陈述句语序. Presentation 宾语从句 定义 宾语从句是英语复合句中的一种从句类型，它在句子中充当宾语成分，相当于一个名词的作用。 考点 引导词 语序 时态 宾语从句可转化成“疑问词+动词不定式”结构 Presentation 考点1：引导词 类别 引导词 含义 充当的成分 例句 连 接 代 词 what 什么 主语、宾语、表语 I know what happened. (作主语) Tell me what you need. (作宾语) who 谁（主格） 主语（指人） Do you know who won the game? whom 谁（宾格） 宾语（指人，较正式） I wonder whom she admires. whose 谁的 定语 Ask him whose idea this is. which 哪一个 主语、宾语、定语 Choose which suits you best. (作主语) Presentation 类别 引导词 含义 充当的成分 例句 连 接 副词 when 什么时候 时间状语 Remember when we first met. where 在哪里 地点状语 Show me where you live. how 怎样 方式状语 I’ll show you how it works. why 为什么 原因状语 Explain why you are late. 考点1：引导词 Presentation 引导词 含义 充当的成分 例句 how many 多少 （可数） 定语 或与名词一起作宾语 Count how many books are on the shelf. how much 多少 （不可数） 定语 或与名词一起作宾语 I care about how much effort you put in. how far 多远 距离状语 Guess how far the airport is. how long 多久/多长 时间/长度状语 Tell us how long you will stay. how often 多久一次 频率状语 Describe how often you exercise. 复合疑问词 考点1：引导词 Exercises 1. — Could you tell me ________he will leave Beijing? — He will take the train. A. that B. how C. who 2. Could you tell me ________ the answer is? A. who B. whose C. what 3.She asked me ________ I spent my vacation. A. where B. which C. whom 4.Do you know ________ people are coming to the party? A. how often B. how many C. how far 5.He explained ________ he couldn't attend the meeting. A. why B. how C. when Have a try Presentation 考点2：语序 在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句要用陈述语序。 Do you know who the man is? Please tell me where the library is. 引导词 主句 宾语从句 陈述句语序：主语+动原+其他. Presentation 考点2：语序 当疑问词本身在从句中作主语时，其后的语序本来就是“谓语+...”，这本身就是陈述语序，所以无需且不能改变。 I wonder who called me. I know which book is yours. 引导词 主句 宾语从句 who/which book既是引导词，也在从句中充当主语 陈述语序：主语+谓语+宾语 Exercises 1. We need to find out ____________. A. who broken the window B. who the window broken C. whom broken the window 2. My teacher asked me ________. A. why was I late for class B. why I was late for class C. why late I was for class 3. I don't remember ________ yesterday. A. what did she say B. what she said C. what said she 4. Could you tell me ________? A. where can I find a post office B. where I can find a post office C. where do I can find a post office Have a try Presentation 考点3：时态 I can hardly believe we're in the city centre. I'm sure it'll be fantastic to see the city from the top. She says (that) she will go tomorrow. 主句是____________，宾语从句可以是______________。 主句： 一般现在时 宾语从句： 一般现在时 主句： 一般现在时 宾语从句： 一般现在时 主句： 一般现在时 宾语从句： 一般将来时 现在时 任何适当时态 Presentation 考点3：时态 I did not know who she was. We thought somebody was moving about. 主句： 一般过去时 宾语从句： 一般过去时 主句： 一般过去时 宾语从句： 过去进行时 主句是__________，宾语从句可以是______________。 过去时 相应的过去时态 Presentation 考点3：时态 The teacher taught us that practice makes perfect. He didn't know that light travels faster than sound. 主句： 一般过去时 宾语从句： 一般现在时 主句： 一般过去时 宾语从句： 一般现在时 主句是______________________________________________，无论主句是什么时态，从句都用______________。 一般现在时 客观真理、科学事实、格言或现在仍然存在的习惯时 Presentation 考点3：时态 Presentation 宾语从句可转化成“疑问词+动词不定式”结构 I don’t know what I should do. 当一个宾语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，或者其主语是泛指的（如 one, you, we） 时，且从句表达的是一个未来的动作或一种可能性，这个宾语从句通常可以简化为 “疑问词 + to do (动词不定式)” 结构。 前 I don’t know what to do. 后 She wonders how she can finish it. She wonders how to finish it. 前 后 Exercises 1. I believe that she ______ a doctor in the future. A. is B. was C. will be 2. He says he ______ his homework yet. A. doesn't finish B. didn't finish C. hasn't finished 3. He finally understood that light ______ faster than sound. A. traveled B. travels C. had traveled 4. I don't know ________ next. A. what should I do B. what to do C. how to do 5. She told me she ______ very busy that week. A. is B. was C. will be 6.Could you tell me ________ to the nearest post office? A. how can I get B. how get C. how to get Have a try Write the sentences with object clauses. 6 1. I am/curious about/Chinese people /celebrate / Rain Water    Have you decided what you want to do in Major Snow? Do you know why people eat dumplings in Start of Winter? I am curious about how/why Chinese people celebrate Rain Water. Practice 2. Do you / know/people/eat dumplings / in Start of Winter 3. Have you /decided /you want / to do /in Major Snow   He has told me when/where we shall meet in End of Heat. I am not sure where we are going tomorrow for Minor Heat. 4. I am /not sure /we are / going /tomorrow / for Minor Heat 5. He has /told me/we /shall meet / in End of Heat * 雨水 立冬 大雪 小暑 处暑 Complete the webpage using the words from the box. 7 Practice how why where what when Work in pairs. Talk about how people live by the laws of nature. Use the words and expressions from the reading passage and the Useful expressions to help you. 8 Production Useful expressions： According to.. …tells us how nature works... It's common for... It guides.... It's good / harmful for the... There can be problems... Production Production A: Let's talk about _______________________________ According to the laws of nature, what is it? B: It's a rule _____________. Nature tells us how fish work: they usually have babies and grow during these warm months. A: How do people follow it? B: Fishermen ________________during this time. This rule helps them work in a way that lasts longer. A: How can it help people? B: It's good for ________________. If people follow it, there will be more fish later. That means more food and more jobs. If they don't, there could be problems, like having no fish left. "No fishing from May to September." to protect fish often stop fishing the number of fish Example 1 Production A: What is it? B: It’s a natural way to use cold weather to store fruit. Nature tells us how winter works: it freezes things. A: How do people follow it? B: In cold places, it’s common for people to leave some fruits outside in winter to freeze. It guides their food storage. A: How can it help people? B: It’s good for keeping fruit fresh for a long time without electricity. There can be problems if the winter is too warm, but usually, it helps people have food all year. Example 2 Exercises 单选题。 1. — Do you know _______ the meeting will start? — At 3 o’clock this afternoon. A. where B. when C. what 2. My teacher asked me _______ I was late for school this morning. A. why B. who C. how 3. She told me _______ she wanted to be a doctor in the future. A. that B. what C. if 4. I don’t know _______ he is talking about. Can you explain it? A. what B. when C. where 5. He asked his mom __ he could play computer games. A. that B. whether C. what Must do: 1.记忆本节课的单词和短语，重点句型; 2.完成课后的相关练习。 Choose to do: 观点写作 以“Why should we follow the laws of nature?”为题，写一段60-80词的英文短文，结合课文内容或生活实例，提出你的观点，并至少使用2个宾语从句。 Homework Homework Thank you Lavf58.76.100 $