Unit 2 Stay Healthy Reading Plus一文多练- 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

Ⅰ、综合阅读理解练习All about Sneezing If you had to list different ways of protecting yourself, sneezing probably would not be on the list. But when you sneeze, that is exactly what is happening. Sneezing helps you protect yourself from things like germs, dust, and smoke. In fact, it is the body's first defence against anything that tries to enter your body through the air. People cannot really control their sneezes. If something starts tickling the inside of our nose, our brain takes over. It knows that something inside the nose should not be there, so it sends a message to the body to get it out. When we sneeze, many things happen in a very short time. Usually, our eyes shut, our tongue presses against the top of our mouth, and the muscles in our stomach and chest get tight. Next, there is a sudden blast of air coming out of our lungs and then our nose. As the air goes out our nose, it carries germs, dust, and tiny drops of water with it. Some unusual things can also make us sneeze. For example, some people sneeze when they look at a bright light. If people have an allergy, certain plants or animals might also make them sneeze. If they are allergic to certain plants, they might sneeze a lot in the seasons when the plants bloom, but not in others. If they are allergic to dogs or cats, they usually cannot have one as a pet. While sneezing is good for the person doing it, it can be very bad for the people nearby. Sneezing is one way that diseases spread. Millions of germs from one sneeze can travel up to about 8 metres at a speed of 160 kilometres per hour! These germs can stay in the air, and if other people breathe in those germs, they can get sick too. If you sneeze, always cover your nose and mouth. After that, make sure to wash your hands. Sneezing helps your body protect itself, but doing this can help you protect everyone else! 一、正误判断（正确写 T，错误写 F，每题 2 分） 1. Sneezing is a way that our body protects itself. ( ) 2. People can stop sneezing if they try their best. ( ) 3. When sneezing, air comes out of our lungs first then nose. ( ) 4. Only dust and germs can make people sneeze. ( ) 5. Germs from a sneeze can move very fast. ( ) 二、阅读理解回答问题要求：根据原文内容简洁作答，答案贴合文本表述 1.What does sneezing carry out of our body when it happens? 2.Why can’t some people keep dogs or cats as pets? 3.How far can the germs from one sneeze travel? 4.What is the first thing you should do when you sneeze? 5.What two things can we do to protect others after sneezing? 6.What is the body's first defence against things entering through the air? 7.Why can people not control their sneezes when the nose is tickled? 8.What three things does a sneeze carry out of the nose with the air? 9.Why is sneezing bad for the people around us? 10.What two things should we do to protect others when we sneeze? 答案与解析 一、正误判断 1. T解析：原文第一段明确说明打喷嚏是身体的自我保护方式，是抵御异物的第一道防线。 2. F解析：第二段首句提到 “People cannot really control their sneezes”，说明人们无法真正控制喷嚏。 3. T解析：第三段提到 “a sudden blast of air coming out of our lungs and then our nose”，符合原文表述。 4. F解析：第四段指出强光、植物 / 动物过敏等非传统因素也会引发喷嚏，并非只有灰尘和细菌。 5. T解析：第五段提到喷嚏中的病菌能以每小时 160 公里的速度传播，说明传播速度很快。 二、回答问题 1. It carries germs, dust and tiny drops of water out of our body.解析：定位第三段最后一句，提取核心宾语即可。 2. Because they are allergic to dogs or cats.解析：定位第四段最后一句，明确过敏是核心原因。 3. Up to about 8 metres.解析：定位第五段，直接提取具体距离数值。 4. We should cover our nose and mouth first.解析：定位最后一段首句，明确打喷嚏时的首要动作。 5. We can cover our nose and mouth when sneezing and wash our hands after that.解析：定位最后一段，整合两个关键防护动作，注意题干的 “after sneezing” 包含打喷嚏时的即时动作和后续动作。 6.Sneezing is the body's first defence against it. 7.Because the brain takes over and controls the body's action. 8.It carries germs, dust and tiny drops of water. 9.Because it is one way that diseases spread to others. 10.We should cover our nose and mouth, and wash our hands after sneezing. Ⅱ、语法填空题All about Sneezing 阅读短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式，共 12 空。 If you had to list different ways of protecting yourself, sneezing probably would not be on the list. But when you sneeze, that is exactly what 1______(.(happen). Sneezing helps you protect yourself 2.______ things like germs, dust, and smoke. In fact, it is the body's first defence against anything that tries 3.______(enter) your body through the air. People cannot really control their sneezes. If something starts tickling the inside of our nose, our brain takes over. It knows that something inside the nose should not be there, so it sends a message to the body to get 4.______ out. When we sneeze, many things happen in a very short time. Usually, our eyes shut, our tongue presses against the top of our mouth, and the muscles in our stomach and chest get tight. Next, there is a sudden blast of air coming out of our lungs and then our nose. As the air goes out 5.______ our nose, it carries germs, dust, and tiny drops of water with 6.______(it). Some unusual things can also make us 7.______(sneeze). For example, some people sneeze when they look at a bright light. If people have an allergy, certain plants or animals might also make them sneeze. If they 8______(be) allergic to certain plants, they might sneeze a lot in the seasons when the plants bloom, but not in others. If they are allergic to dogs or cats, they usually cannot have one as a pet. While sneezing is good for the person doing it, it can be very bad for the people 9.______(near). Sneezing is one way that diseases spread. Millions of germs from one sneeze can travel up to about 8 metres at a speed of 160 kilometres per hour! These germs can stay in the air, and if other people breathe in those germs, they can get sick, 10.______. If you sneeze, always cover your nose and mouth. After that, make sure 11.______(wash) your hands. Sneezing helps your body protect 12.______(it), but doing this can help you protect everyone else! 答案与语法解析 1. is happening 解析：现在进行时，表 “正在发生的事”，与前文 when you sneeze 的语境呼应。 2. from 解析：固定搭配 protect sb. from sth.，意为 “保护某人免受某物侵害”。 3. to enter 解析：固定用法 try to do sth.，意为 “试图做某事”。 4. it 解析：人称代词宾格，指代前文的 something inside the nose。 5. of 解析：固定搭配 go out of，意为 “从…… 出来”。 6. it 解析：人称代词宾格，指代前文的 the air。 7. sneeze 解析：固定用法 make sb. do sth.，使役动词后接动词原形。 8. are 解析：一般现在时，主语 they 为复数，be 动词用 are。 9. nearby 解析：形容词作后置定语，the people nearby 意为 “附近的人”。 10. too 解析：副词，用于肯定句末尾，意为 “也”。 11. to wash 解析：固定用法 make sure to do sth.，意为 “务必做某事”。 12. itself 解析：反身代词，指代 your body，表 “自我保护”。 Ⅲ、变式语法填空题All about Sneezing （12 空） 阅读短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空，侧重连词、介词、词性转换、时态等不同语法点考查，贴合八年级下册考点。 If you had to list different ways of protecting yourself, sneezing probably would not be on the list. 1.______ when you sneeze, that is exactly what is happening. Sneezing helps you protect yourself from things like germs, dust, and smoke. In fact, it is the body's first defence against anything 2.______ tries to enter your body through the air. People cannot really control their sneezes. If something starts tickling the inside of our nose, our brain takes over. It knows that something inside the nose should not be there, 3.______ it sends a message to the body to get it out. When we sneeze, many things happen in a very short time. Usually, our eyes shut, our tongue presses against the top of our mouth, and the muscles in our stomach and chest get 4.______ (tight). Next, there is a sudden blast of air coming out of our lungs and then our nose. As the air goes out, it carries germs, dust, and tiny drops of water, which are 5.______ (harm) to others. Some unusual things can also make us sneeze. For example, some people sneeze when 6.______ (look) at a bright light. If people have an allergy, certain plants or animals might also make them sneeze. If they are allergic to certain plants, they might sneeze a lot in the seasons when the plants are in 7.______ (bloom). If they are allergic to dogs or cats, they usually cannot have one as a pet, 8.______ they love animals very much. While sneezing is good for the person doing it, it can be very bad for the people nearby. Sneezing is one way 9.______ diseases spread. Millions of germs from one sneeze can travel up to about 8 metres at a speed of 160 kilometres per hour! These germs can stay in the air for a long time, and 10.______ someone breathes them in, he or she may get sick. 11.______ (sneeze) is a natural body action, but we still need to pay attention to manners. If you sneeze, always cover your nose and mouth with a tissue. After that, make sure to wash your hands 12.______ (careful) to keep others healthy. 答案与语法解析（分考点标注，方便讲解） 1. But 解析：连词，表转折，前文说 “打喷嚏不会出现在保护方式清单上”，后文说 “打喷嚏实际就是在保护自己”。 2. that 解析：关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为anything（不定代词），定语从句只能用 that 引导。 3. so 解析：连词，表因果，“大脑发现鼻腔有异物”，“所以向身体发信号排出”。 4. tight 解析：形容词，固定搭配get + 形容词，表 “变得……”，tight 本身为形容词，无需变形。 5. harmful 解析：词性转换，be 动词后接形容词，harm（n./v. 伤害）→ harmful（adj. 有害的），be harmful to 为固定搭配 “对…… 有害”。 6. looking 解析：非谓语动词，省略句，完整形式为when they are looking，主语与主句一致且有 be 动词，可省略主语和 be 动词，用现在分词。 7. bloom 解析：固定搭配，in bloom 意为 “开花”，为固定短语，bloom 此处为名词。 8. though/although 解析：连词，表让步，“尽管他们很喜欢动物，却不能养宠物”。 9. that 解析：关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为way，定语从句可由 that/in which 引导，或省略，此处填 that 最贴合考点。 10. if 解析：连词，引导条件状语从句，“如果有人吸入这些病菌，就可能生病”。 11. Sneezing 解析：非谓语动词，动名词作主语，谓语动词为 is，需将动词 sneeze 变为动名词形式。 12. carefully 解析：词性转换，副词修饰动词 wash，careful（adj. 仔细的）→ carefully（adv. 仔细地）。 Ⅳ、句子还原题All about Sneezing 阅读短文，从所给的 5 个句子中选出合适的句子，填入文中空缺处，使短文通顺、完整（有一个多余选项）。 A. It knows there is something unwanted in the nose. B. Sneezing helps protect you from germs, dust and smoke. C. Usually, our eyes shut and our chest muscles get tight. D. Sneezing is one of the main ways that diseases spread. E. Many people around us don't like the sound of sneezing. If you had to list different ways of protecting yourself, sneezing probably would not be on the list. But when you sneeze, that is exactly what is happening. 1.________ It is the body's first defence against anything that tries to enter your body through the air.People cannot really control their sneezes. If something starts tickling the inside of our nose, our brain takes over. 2.________ So it sends a message to the body to get it out.When we sneeze, many things happen in a very short time. 3.________ Next, a sudden blast of air comes out of our lungs and then our nose, carrying germs, dust and tiny drops of water.Some unusual things can also make us sneeze. For example, some people sneeze when they look at a bright light. 4.________ If they are allergic to dogs or cats, they usually cannot keep them as pets.While sneezing is good for the person doing it, it can be very bad for the people nearby. 5.________ Millions of germs from one sneeze can travel up to 8 metres at 160 kilometres per hour, so we must cover our nose and mouth when sneezing and wash hands after that. 答案与定位解析 1. B — 承接前文 “打喷嚏是一种自我保护”，引出具体保护作用，衔接后文 “身体第一道防线”。 2. A — 承接前文 “大脑接管控制”，说明大脑的判断，衔接后文 “向身体发出排出信号”。 3. C — 对应前文 “打喷嚏时短时间内发生很多事”，具体描述打喷嚏的身体反应，衔接后文 “气流从肺和鼻子喷出”。 4. E（多余选项） 5. D — 承接前文 “打喷嚏对周围人不好”，点明原因，衔接后文 “病菌的传播距离和速度”。 Ⅴ、完形填空All about Sneezing If you had to list different ways of protecting yourself, sneezing probably would not be on the list. But when you sneeze, that is exactly 1.______ is happening. Sneezing helps you protect yourself 2.______ things like germs, dust, and smoke. In fact, it is the body's first 3.______ against anything that tries to enter your body through the air. People cannot really 4.______ their sneezes. If something starts tickling the inside of our nose, our brain 5.______ over. It knows that something inside the nose should not be there, so it sends a message to the body to get it 6.______. When we sneeze, many things happen in a very short time. Usually, our eyes 7., our tongue presses against the top of our mouth, and the muscles in our stomach and chest get 8.______. Next, there is a sudden blast of air coming out of our lungs and then our nose. As the air goes out our nose, it carries germs, dust, and tiny 9.______ of water with it. Some unusual things can also make us sneeze. For example, some people sneeze 10.______ they look at a bright light. If people have an 11.______, certain plants or animals might also make them sneeze. If they are allergic to certain plants, they might sneeze a lot in the seasons when the plants bloom, but not in 12.______. If they are allergic to dogs or cats, they usually cannot have one as a 13.______. While sneezing is good for the person doing it, it can be very bad for the people 14 .. Sneezing is one way that diseases spread. Millions of germs from one sneeze can travel up to about 8 metres at a speed of 160 kilometres per hour! These germs can stay in the air, and if other people breathe in those germs, they can get 15 . too. 答案与解析 1.what解析：引导表语从句，在从句中作主语，指代 “正在发生的事情”。 2.from解析：固定搭配 protect oneself from sth. 意为 “保护自己免受…… 伤害” 3.defence解析：根据原文这里指 “身体的第一道防线”，defence 表示 “防御、防护”。 4.control解析：原文提到 “人们无法真正控制自己的喷嚏”，control 表示 “控制”。 5.takes解析：固定短语 take over 意为 “接管、掌控”，主语 our brain 为单数，用 takes。 6.out解析：固定搭配 get sth. out 意为 “把…… 排出、清除”，符合语境。 7.shut解析：原文描述打喷嚏时 “眼睛会闭上”，shut 表示 “闭上”。 8.tight解析：get tight 表示 “变得紧绷”，描述打喷嚏时胸腹肌肉的状态。 9.drops解析：tiny drops of water 是固定表达，指 “微小的水滴”。 10.when解析：引导时间状语从句，意为 “当他们看强光时会打喷嚏”。 11.allergy解析：have an allergy 表示 “有过敏症”，是固定搭配。 12.others解析：not in others 指 “在其他季节不会”，others 代指 “其他季节”。 13.pet解析：根据原文，对猫狗过敏的人通常不能养它们当 “宠物（pet）”。 14.nearby解析：the people nearby 表示 “附近的人”，符合语境。 15.sick解析：get sick 是固定搭配，意为 “生病”。 Unit 2 All about Sneezing If you had to list different ways of protecting yourself, sneezing probably would not be on the list. But when you sneeze, that is exactly what is happening. Sneezing helps you protect yourself from things like germs, dust, and smoke. In fact, it is the body's first defence against anything that tries to enter your body through the air. People cannot really control their sneezes. If something starts tickling the inside of our nose, our brain takes over. It knows that something inside the nose should not be there, so it sends a message to the body to get it out. When we sneeze, many things happen in a very short time. Usually, our eyes shut, our tongue presses against the top of our mouth, and the muscles in our stomach and chest get tight. Next, there is a sudden blast of air coming out of our lungs and then our nose. As the air goes out our nose, it carries germs, dust, and tiny drops of water with it. Some unusual things can also make us sneeze. For example, some people sneeze when they look at a bright light. If people have an allergy, certain plants or animals might also make them sneeze. If they are allergic to certain plants, they might sneeze a lot in the seasons when the plants bloom, but not in others. If they are allergic to dogs or cats, they usually cannot have one as a pet. While sneezing is good for the person doing it, it can be very bad for the people nearby. Sneezing is one way that diseases spread. Millions of germs from one sneeze can travel up to about 8 metres at a speed of 160 kilometres per hour! These germs can stay in the air, and if other people breathe in those germs, they can get sick too. If you sneeze, always cover your nose and mouth. After that, make sure to wash your hands. Sneezing helps your body protect itself, but doing this can help you protect everyone else! 第二单元 关于打喷嚏的一切 如果要你列出各种保护自己的方法，打喷嚏可能不会出现在清单上。但当你打喷嚏时，它恰恰就是在保护你。打喷嚏能帮你抵御细菌、灰尘和烟雾这类有害物质，实际上，它是身体对任何试图通过空气进入体内的异物的第一道防线。 人们其实无法真正控制自己的喷嚏。如果有东西开始刺激鼻腔内部，大脑就会接管这一过程。它会识别出鼻腔里存在不该有的东西，于是向身体发出信号，将其排出。 打喷嚏时，短短一瞬间会发生很多事。通常我们的眼睛会闭上，舌头抵住上颚，腹部和胸部的肌肉会收紧。紧接着，肺部会突然喷出一股气流，再从鼻子涌出。当空气从鼻子喷出时，会裹挟着细菌、灰尘和微小的水滴。 一些不寻常的因素也会引发喷嚏。比如，有些人看到强光就会打喷嚏。如果人们有过敏症，某些植物或动物也可能让他们打喷嚏。如果他们对特定植物过敏，可能会在这些植物开花的季节频繁打喷嚏，而在其他季节则不会。如果他们对猫狗过敏，通常就不能养这类宠物。 虽然打喷嚏对打喷嚏的人本身是有益的，但对周围的人来说却可能很危险。打喷嚏是疾病传播的一种方式。一次喷嚏中的数百万个病菌能以每小时 160 公里的速度，传播到约 8 米远的地方！这些病菌可以在空气中停留，如果其他人吸入这些病菌，也会生病。 如果你要打喷嚏，请一定要捂住口鼻。之后，务必认真洗手。打喷嚏能帮助你的身体进行自我保护，而做到这些，也能帮助你保护身边的每一个人！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $