定语从句 that which 引导修饰物-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册句型全解（鲁教版五四制）

八年级上册鲁教版 【定语从句专讲】A版句型全解 定语从句专讲 【A版句型全解】定语从句(that/which引 导，修饰物) 初中·鲁教版·八年级上册 基本结构 句型结构：定语从句(that/which引导，修饰物) that/which在从句中可作主语或宾语，指代先行词（物）：作宾语时可省略 当先行词为物时，关系代词可用hat或which,通常情况下二者可互换 例句展示： This is the book that/which I bought yesterday.(这是我昨天买的书) She likes songs that/which are popular.(她喜欢流行的歌曲) The house that/which we visited last week is very old.(我们上周参观的房子很I旧) I lost the pen(that/which)my father gave me.(我弄丢了爸爸给我的钢笔) 句型精讲（核心考法） 考法I:that与which的基本用法及区别（中考高频考点） 使用规则+例句对比 规则1：先行词为物时，关系代词that/which均可使用，在从句中作主语或宾语 例句1（作主语）：The book that/which lies on the desk is mine.(桌上的那本书是我的) 例句2（作宾语)：This is the pen that/which I bought yesterday.(这是我昨天买的钢笔) 规则2：以下情况只能用hat不用which (I)先行词被序数词、最高级修饰时：The first lesson that I leamed was very easy.(我学的第一课很 简单) (2)先行词是不定代词(all,everything,nothing等)时：Everything that he said is true.(他说的一切 都是真的) (3)先行词被the only,the very修饰时：This is the only pen that works well..(这是唯一一支好用的钢笔) 1 八年级上册鲁教版 【定语从句专讲】A版句型全解 真题再现(2024鲁教版八年级上册期末测试) We all like the story is about our hometown A.who B.which C.what D.whom 答案：B 解析：先行词stoy为物，关系代词在从句中作主语，用which (2023山东青岛中考改编) This is the most interesting book I have ever read. A.which B.that C.what D.who 答案：B 解析：先行词被最高级most interesting修饰，只能用that 考法2：定语从句中关系代词的省略 省略规则+例句对比 规则：关系代词that/which在从句中作宾语时可以省略，作主语时不能省略 例句1（可省略）：The movie (that/which)we watched last night was great.(昨晚我们看的电影 很棒)（作宾语） 例句2（不可省略）：The car that/which is red belongs to Tom.(那辆红色的车是汤姆的)（作主语） 真题再现(2024鲁教版八年级上册同步练习) Do you remember the song we sang at the party?(补全关系代词，可省略时填”P') 答案：1 解析：先行词$og为物，关系代词在从句中作宾语，可省略 2 八年级上册鲁教版 【定语从句专讲】A版句型全解 (2023山东济南中考改编) This is the factory produces computers.(补全关系代词) 答案：that/which 解析：关系代词在从句中作主语，不可省略，用that/which 考法3：定语从句与简单句的转换 转换规则+例句转换 规则：将定语从句转换为”介词+关系代词”结构或分词短语，或直接用形容词、名词短语修 饰先行词 例句1：原句The book which has a red cover is mine.(有红色封面的书是我的) 转换句：The book with a red cover is mine..(用介词短语修饰) 例句2：原句The girl who is wearing a blue dress is my sister..(穿蓝色裙子的女孩是我妹妹) 转换句：The girl in a blue dress is my sister.(用介词短语修饰) 真题再现(2024鲁教版八年级上册单元测试) The house that stands on the hill is very old.(改为简单句) The house is very old. 答案：standing on the hill (2023山东烟台中考改编) This is the pen which I wrote the letter with.(改为简单句) This is the pen the letter with. 答案：to write 考法4：对定语从句部分提问 提问规则+例句提问 规则：用Which+先行词+一般疑问句”结构，先行词为物时用which提问 3 八年级上册鲁教版 【定语从句专讲】A版句型全解 例句：原句I like the book that is about history.(我喜欢那本关于历史的书) 问句：Which book do you like? 真题再现(2023山东临沂中考改编) He bought the bike which costs800yuan.(对划线部分提问) did he buy? 答案：Which bike (2024鲁教版八年级上册期末测试) We visited the museum that has many old things.(对划线部分提问) did you visit? 答案：Which museum 句型综合训练 训练1：单项选择（考察定语从句关系代词辨析) 1.This is the best movie I have ever watched. A.which B.that C.what D.who 2.Do you know the girl is talking with our teacher? A.which B.who C.what D.whom 3.The storybook my mother bought for me is very interesting A.which B.who C.what D.whom 4.We visited the city has a long history. A.which 4 八年级上册鲁教版 【定语从句专讲】A版句型全解 B.where C.when D.what 5.This is the only pen works well. A.which B.that C.what D.who 训练2：同义句转换（考察定语从句与简单句转换） 1.The girl who is wearing ared coat is my sister. →The girl is my sister. 2.The book which has a blue cover is mine. →The book is mine. 3.The man that is standing at the door is our headmaster. →The man is our headmaster. 4.The house which was built in 1990 is very old. →The house is very old. 5.The car that belongs to Mr.Li is black. →The car Mr.Li is black 训练3：完成句子（考察定语从句关系代词及省略） 1.This is the school _I studied three years ago.（补全关系代词，可省略时填'P') 2.Do you remember the day_we met for the first time?(补全关系代词，可省略时填'P') 3.The teacher teaches us math is very kind.（补全关系代词) 4.The story_he told us yesterday was very interesting.(补全关系代词，可省略时填"') 5.This is the pen I wrote the letter with.(补全关系代词，可省略时填'p') 训练4：写作高级句式（考察定语从句运用） 5 八年级上册鲁教版 【定语从句专讲】A版句型全解 1.我昨天买的那本书很有趣。 →The book I yesterday is very interesting. 2.这是我见过的最高的建筑。 -This is the tallest building I have seen. 3.我们参观的那个博物馆有很多古老的展品。 →The museum we_has many old exhibits. 4.他送给我的礼物是一个漂亮的手表。 →The gift he me is a beautiful watch. 5.正在唱歌的那个女孩是我的好朋友。 →The girl singing is my good friend. 参考答案 1.训练1：单项选择 1.B2.B3.A4.A5.B IⅡ.训练2：同义句转换 1.in a red coat 2.with a blue cover 3.standing at the door 4.built in 1990 5.belonging to 工训练3：完成句子 1./2./3.who/that4./5./ V.训练4：写作高级句式 1.that/which,bought 2.that,ever 3.that/which,visited 4.that/which,gave 5.who/that, 公 6