主语 am is are 过去分词 一般现在时被动语态-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册句型全解（教科版五四制）

八年级上册教科版 【句型专版】 A版句型全解 被动语态专版 【A版句型全解】一般现在时被动语态 初中·教科版·八年级上册 基本结构 句型结构：主语+am/is/are+过去分词（一般现在时被动语态） 表示主语是动作的承受者，动作发生在现在或经常性、习惯性的状态 be动词的形式随主语的人称和数变化(am用于I,is用于第三人称单数，are用于you/we/hey及 复数名词) 例句展示： This book is written by Lu Xun.(这本书是鲁迅写的) English is spoken in many countries..(许多国家说英语) The flowers are watered every day.(这些花每天都被浇水) 句型精讲（核心考法) 考法1：被动语态与主动语态的转换 转换规则+例句对比 规则：主动语态变被动语态时，将主动句宾语变为被动句主语，谓语动词变为”am/is/are+过 去分词'，原主动句主语可由by引出（动作执行者不重要时可省略）：被动语态变主动语态时，将 被动句主语变为主动句宾语，”am/is/are+过去分词”还原为主动语态谓语动词（注意人称和数的变 化)，by后的动作执行者变为主语（若省略则需补充）。 例句1（主动变被动)： 主动句：People speak English in many countries. 被动句：English is spoken by people in many countries,. 例句2（被动变主动)： 被动句：The classroom is cleaned by students every day. 主动句：Students clean the classroom every day. 八年级上册教科版 【句型专版】 A版句型全解 真题再现 (2024教科版八年级上册同步练习)Many people visit the Great Wall every year..(改为被动语 态) The Great Wall by many people every year. 答案：is visited (2023江苏南京八年级上期中)The letters are written by my brother.(改为主动语态) My brother the letters 答案：writes 考法2：be动词的正确选择 判断规则+例句对比 规则：根据被动语态中主语的人称和数确定be动词形式。主语是第一人称单数(I)用am: 主语是第三人称单数(he/she/it或单数名词)用is:主语是第二人称(you)或复数(we/they或复 数名词)用are。 例句1： I am invited to the party.(主语I用am) 例句2： This book is written by a famous writer..(主语this book是单数名词用is) 例句3： These flowers are watered every momning.(主语these flowers是复数名词用are) 真题再现 (2024教科版八年级上册单元测试)The song sung by a little girl now. A.am B.is C.are D.be 答案：B (2023浙江杭州八年级上期末)Apples grown in this area A.am B.is C.are D.be 答案：C 2 八年级上册教科版 【句型专版】 A版句型全解 考法3：过去分词的正确形式 判断规则+例句对比 规则：被动语态中谓语动词需用动词的过去分词形式，要注意不规则动词的过去分词变化 (规则动词一般在词尾加-ed)。 例句1（规则动词)： The window is closed by Tom.(close的过去分词closed) 例句2（不规侧动词）： The homework is done.(do的过去分词done) 例句3（不规则动词)： This story is told by my mother.(tell的过去分词told) 真题再现 (2024教科版八年级上册期末测试)The broken bike(repair）)by my father yesterday.(用 所给词的适当形式填空) 答案：is repaired (2023广东广州八年级上期中)English_(speak)in many countries.(用所给词的适当形式 填空) 答案：is spoken 考法4：对被动语态句子中的不同成分提问 提问规则+例句提问 规则1：对主语提问→用Who/What+am/is/are+过去分词+其他？（提问时原句主语被疑 问词替代，be动词根据疑问词的数确定，who作主语时通常视为单数用is) 例句：原句The cake is made by my sister. 间句：What is made by your sister? 规则2：对动作执行者(by后的部分)提问→用Who/Whom+am/is/are+主语+过去分词 by? 例句：原句The room is cleaned by Lily.. 问句：Who is the room cleaned by? 3 八年级上册教科版 【句型专版】A版句型全解 规则3：对地点、时间等状语提问→用相应的疑问词(Where/When等)+am/is/are+主语+ 过去分词+其他？ 例句：原句The meeting is held in the hall.. 问句：Where is the meeting held? 真题再现 (2023湖北武汉八年级上月考)A new school is built in our town.(对划线部分提问) built in your town? 答案：What is (2024教科版八年级上册课堂练习)The clothes are washed by my mother.(对划线部分提问) are the clothes washed by? 答案：Who 句型综合训练 训练1：单项选择（考察一般现在时被动语态） 1.The Olympic Games held every four years. A.am B.is C.are D.be 2.This story_ written by a famous writer last year. A.am B.is C.are D.was 3.English widely used in international communication. A.am B.is C.are D.be 4.These books sold in the bookstore next week. A.am B.is C.are D.will be 5.The classroom cleaned by students every day. A.am B.is C.are D.be 训练2：同义句转换（考察主动语态与被动语态转换） 1.People speak Chinese in China →Chinese by people in China. 八年级上册教科版 【句型专版】 A版句型全解 2.My mother washes the clothes every weekend. →The clothes by my mother every weekend. 3.Workers build many new houses in the city every year. →Many new houses by workers in the city every year. 4.He plants trees in the garden every spring. →Trees by him in the garden every spring. 5. The teacher corrects the homework after class. →The homework by the teacher after class. 训练3：完成句子（考察被动语态的运用） 1.The letter (write)by my father yesterday. 2.This song (sing)by many people around the world. 3.The books (read)by students in the library every day. 4.The problem (solve)by the teacher just now. 5.Vegetables (grow)in this farm every year. 训练4：写作高级句式（考察被动语态翻译） 1.这个公园每天都被打扫。 →The park every day. 2.英语在世界上被广泛使用。 →English widely in the world. 3.这些照片是我妹妹拍的。 →These photos by my sister. 4.这个问题将在明天的会议上被讨论。 →This problem discussed at tomorrow's meeting 5.这些礼物是给孩子们准备的。 →These gifts for the children. 5 八年级上册教科版 【句型专版】A版句型全解 参考答案 1训练1：单项选择 1.C2.D3.B4.D5.B Ⅱ.训练2：同义句转换 1.is spoken 2.are washed 3.are built 4.are planted 5.is corrected ⅡI训练3：完成句子 1.was written 2.is sung 3.are read 4.was solved 5.are grown V.训练4：写作高级句式 1.is cleaned 2.is used 3.were taken 4.will be 5.are prepared 6