Unit 4 单词表教师词汇备课 2025-2026学年外研版英语七年级下册

外研版七年级下册 Unit 4 单词表 教师备课材料 1. able 词性:adj. (形容词) 词义:有能力做……的,会做……的 近义词:capable, competent 反义词:unable, incapable 词性转换:ability (n. 能力), enable (v. 使能够), disable (v. 使残疾;使失效) 常见搭配:be able to do sth. (能够做某事) 例句: Will you be able to come to the meeting tomorrow? (你明天能来开会吗?) He is able to speak three languages. (他会说三种语言。) 2. alone 词性:adv. (副词) & adj. (形容词) 词义:adv. 单独,独自 adj. 单独的;孤独的 近义词:by oneself, lonely (adj. 感觉孤独的) 反义词:together, accompanied (有人陪伴的) 词性转换:loneliness (n. 孤独) 常见搭配:live alone (独居), leave sb. alone (让某人独处;不打扰某人) 例句: She likes to walk home alone after school. (她喜欢放学后独自走回家。) He felt very alone in the new city. (在新城市里他感到非常孤独。) 3. balanced 词性:adj. (形容词) 词义:均衡的;平衡的 近义词:even, stable 反义词:unbalanced, uneven 词性转换:balance (n./v. 平衡), unbalance (v. 使失衡) 常见搭配:balanced diet (均衡饮食), balanced view (客观公正的看法) 例句: It's important to have a balanced diet and regular exercise. (均衡饮食和规律锻炼很重要。) She tries to keep a balance between work and family. (她努力在工作和家庭之间保持平衡。) 4. bored 词性:adj. (形容词) 词义:厌烦的,不感兴趣的;烦闷的 近义词:uninterested, tired of 反义词:interested, excited, entertained 词性转换:bore (v. 使厌烦), boring (adj. 无聊的), boredom (n. 无聊) 常见搭配:be/get bored with... (对……感到厌烦) 例句: The children were getting bored with the long car journey. (孩子们对漫长的汽车旅程感到厌烦了。) 辨析:bored (感到无聊的) 描述人的感受。boring (无聊的) 描述事物特性。This is a very boring book. (这是一本非常无聊的书。) 5. butterfly 词性:n. (名词) 词义:蝴蝶 常见搭配:have butterflies in one's stomach (紧张得心里七上八下) 例句: The garden was full of colorful butterflies. (花园里满是彩色的蝴蝶。) 6. choose 词性:v. (动词) 词义:挑选,选择;决定 近义词:pick, select, decide 反义词:reject, refuse 词性转换:choice (n. 选择), choosy (adj. 挑剔的) 常见搭配:choose between...and... (在……和……之间选择), choose to do sth. (选择/决定做某事) 例句: You can choose any book you like from the shelf. (你可以从书架上任意挑选一本你喜欢的书。) He chose to study abroad after graduation. (他决定毕业后出国留学。) 7. couch 词性:n. (名词) 词义:长沙发 近义词:sofa 常见搭配:couch potato (老泡在电视机前的人,电视迷) 例句: They were sitting on the couch watching TV. (他们正坐在沙发上看电视。) Don't be a couch potato; go out and get some exercise! (别当电视迷了,出去锻炼锻炼!) 8. daily 词性:adj. (形容词) & adv. (副词) & n. (名词) 词义:adj. 每日的,每天的 adv. 每日 n. 日报 近义词:adj. everyday; n. newspaper 反义词:weekly (每周的) 词性转换:day (n. 天) 常见搭配:daily life (日常生活), daily newspaper (日报) 例句: Exercise is part of my daily routine. (锻炼是我日常生活的一部分。) He reads the China Daily every morning. (他每天早上都读《中国日报》。) 9. deaf 词性:adj. (形容词) 词义:耳聋的,失聪的;不愿听的 近义词:hard of hearing 反义词:hearing 词性转换:deafen (v. 使聋), deafness (n. 耳聋) 常见搭配:be deaf to sth (对某事充耳不闻,不愿听取), deaf and dumb (聋哑的) 例句: She is deaf in one ear. (她一只耳朵失聪。) He was deaf to all our warnings. (他对我们所有的警告都充耳不闻。) 10. dull 词性:adj. (形容词) 词义:愚笨的,迟钝的;乏味的,无聊的;阴沉的 近义词:stupid, boring, gloomy 反义词:bright, clever; interesting; sunny 词性转换:dullness (n. 迟钝;乏味) 常见搭配:a dull student (愚钝的学生), dull weather (阴沉的天气) 例句: The lecture was so dull that I almost fell asleep. (这个讲座太乏味了,我差点睡着。) It was a dull, cloudy day. (那天阴云密布,天色灰暗。) 11. feeling 词性:n. (名词) 词义:感觉;感情;预感 近义词:emotion, sense, impression 反义词:numbness (麻木) 词性转换:feel (v. 感觉), feeler (n. 触角;试探者) 常见搭配:hurt sb's feelings (伤害某人的感情), have a feeling that... (有种预感……) 例句: I have a feeling that something good is going to happen. (我有种预感,好事要发生了。) It's important to express your feelings. (表达自己的感受很重要。) 12. form 词性:n. (名词) & v. (动词) 词义:n. 形式,方式;表格;形状 v. 形成;组成;建立 近义词:n. shape, type, way; v. make, create, establish 反义词:v. destroy, break 词性转换:formation (n. 形成), formal (adj. 正式的) 常见搭配:in the form of... (以……的形式), fill in a form (填表), form a habit (养成习惯) 例句: Water can take the form of ice, liquid, or steam. (水可以呈现冰、液体或蒸汽的形式。) Please fill out this application form. (请填写这张申请表。) They formed a new study group. (他们成立了一个新的学习小组。) 13. fresh 词性:adj. (形容词) 词义:新鲜的;清新的;新的 近义词:new, cool, recently made 反义词:stale (不新鲜的), old, tired 词性转换:freshen (v. 使新鲜), freshness (n. 新鲜) 常见搭配:fresh air (新鲜空气), fresh fruit (新鲜水果), a fresh start (新的开始) 例句: We need to buy some fresh vegetables for dinner. (我们需要买些新鲜蔬菜做晚饭。) Open the window and let in some fresh air. (打开窗户,让新鲜空气进来。) 14. funny 词性:adj. (形容词) 词义:使人发笑的,有趣的;滑稽的;奇怪的 近义词:humorous, amusing, strange 反义词:serious, boring 词性转换:funnily (adv. 滑稽地), fun (n. 乐趣) 常见搭配:funny story (好笑的故事), That's funny. (真奇怪。/真好笑。) 例句: He told us a very funny joke. (他给我们讲了一个非常有趣的笑话。) There's a funny smell in the kitchen. (厨房里有股怪味。) 15. hike 词性:v. (动词) & n. (名词) 词义:v. (在……)徒步旅行,远足 n. 远足;徒步旅行 近义词:v. trek, walk; n. walking trip 词性转换:hiker (n. 徒步旅行者) 常见搭配:go hiking (去徒步旅行), a ten-mile hike (十英里的徒步) 例句: We plan to go hiking in the mountains this weekend. (我们计划这周末去山里徒步旅行。) The hike to the waterfall was tiring but beautiful. (去瀑布的徒步旅行很累人,但风景很美。) 16. housework 词性:n. (名词) 词义:家务(劳动) 近义词:chores, domestic work 常见搭配:do the housework (做家务) 例句: We share the housework in our family. (在我们家,家务是分担的。) 17. imagine 词性:v. (动词) 词义:想象;设想;料想 近义词:picture, think, suppose 反义词:know (知道) 词性转换:imagination (n. 想象力), imaginary (adj. 想象的), imaginative (adj. 富有想象力的) 常见搭配:imagine (doing) sth. (想象(做)某事) 例句: Can you imagine living on the moon? (你能想象住在月球上吗?) I can't imagine why he did that. (我想象不出他为什么那样做。) 18. insect 词性:n. (名词) 词义:昆虫 近义词:bug 词性转换:insecticide (n. 杀虫剂) 常见搭配:insect bite (昆虫叮咬) 例句: Bees and ants are both insects. (蜜蜂和蚂蚁都是昆虫。) 19. interest 词性:n. (名词) & v. (动词) 词义:n. 兴趣;爱好;利息 v. 使感兴趣 近义词:n. hobby, attention; v. attract, engage 反义词:n. boredom; v. bore 词性转换:interested (adj. 感兴趣的), interesting (adj. 有趣的) 常见搭配:take/have an interest in... (对……感兴趣), places of interest (名胜古迹) 例句: She has a great interest in painting. (她对绘画有浓厚的兴趣。) This book might interest you. (这本书可能会引起你的兴趣。) 20. invite 词性:v. (动词) 词义:邀请;招致(尤指坏事) 近义词:ask, welcome (to an event) 反义词:exclude, reject 词性转换:invitation (n. 邀请), inviting (adj. 诱人的) 常见搭配:invite sb. to (do) sth. (邀请某人(做)某事) 例句: They invited us to their wedding. (他们邀请我们参加他们的婚礼。) Leaving your car unlocked is just inviting trouble. (不锁车简直是自找麻烦。) 21. jog 词性:v. (动词) & n. (名词) 词义:v. 慢跑;轻推 n. 慢跑 近义词:v. run slowly; n. slow run 反义词:sprint (冲刺跑) 词性转换:jogger (n. 慢跑者), jogging (n. 慢跑运动) 常见搭配:go jogging (去慢跑), jog one's memory (唤起某人的记忆) 例句: My father goes jogging in the park every morning. (我父亲每天早上都去公园慢跑。) This photo might jog your memory. (这张照片可能会唤起你的记忆。) 22. large 词性:adj. (形容词) 词义:巨大的;大规模的;大量的 近义词:big, huge, great 反义词:small, little, tiny 词性转换:largely (adv. 主要地), enlarge (v. 扩大) 常见搭配:a large number of... (大量的……), at large (在逃的;总体而言) 例句: They live in a large house with a garden. (他们住在一所有花园的大房子里。) A large number of people attended the concert. (许多人出席了音乐会。) 23. lift 词性:v. (动词) & n. (名词) 词义:v. 提起,抬起;使(情况)改善;使(某人)更快乐 n. 电梯;搭便车 近义词:v. raise, pick up, improve; n. elevator, ride 反义词:v. drop, lower; depress (使沮丧) 词性转换:- 常见搭配:lift sb's spirits (使某人开心起来), give sb. a lift (让某人搭便车;鼓舞某人) 例句: Can you help me lift this heavy box? (你能帮我抬起这个重箱子吗?) The good news really lifted our spirits. (这个好消息真的让我们精神振奋。) I'll give you a lift to the station. (我可以开车送你去车站。) 24. list 词性:n. (名词) & v. (动词) 词义:n. 名单,清单,目录 v. 列出;列举 近义词:n. catalog, roll; v. write down, itemize 常见搭配:shopping list (购物清单), make a list (列清单) 例句: I need to make a list of things to buy at the supermarket. (我需要列一个去超市要买的东西的清单。) The book lists all the winners. (这本书列出了所有获奖者。) 25. magazine 词性:n. (名词) 词义:杂志,期刊 近义词:journal, periodical 常见搭配:fashion magazine (时尚杂志), monthly magazine (月刊) 例句: I read an interesting article in a science magazine. (我在一本科学杂志上读到一篇有趣的文章。) 26. media 词性:n. (名词) 词义:媒体;传媒 (medium 的复数) 近义词:press, news 词性转换:medium (n. 媒介;手段) 常见搭配:mass media (大众传媒), social media (社交媒体) 例句: The story was widely reported in the media. (这件事被媒体广泛报道。) 27. might 词性:modal v. (情态动词) 词义:也许,可能,大概 (may 的过去式,表示可能性更小或更委婉);可以 (用于请求) 近义词:may, could, perhaps 反义词:must not (不准), cannot (不可能) 常见搭配:might as well (不妨), might have done (可能已经做了,表示对过去的推测) 例句: It might rain later, so take an umbrella. (一会儿可能会下雨,所以带把伞吧。) Might I ask you a question? (我可以问你一个问题吗?) (更正式、更礼貌) 28. moment 词性:n. (名词) 词义:某一时刻;片刻,瞬间 近义词:instant, minute, point in time 反义词:eternity (永恒) 词性转换:momentary (adj. 瞬间的) 常见搭配:at the moment (此刻,现在), wait a moment (等一下), the moment (that)…… (一……就……) 例句: I'm busy at the moment. Can I call you back? (我现在正忙。我能给你回电话吗?) I'll be with you in a moment. (我马上就来。) 29. monster 词性:n. (名词) 词义:妖怪;怪兽,怪物;恶人 近义词:beast, creature, villain 反义词:angel, hero 词性转换:monstrous (adj. monstrous的) 常见搭配:sea monster (海怪) 例句: The children were scared of the monster in the story. (孩子们害怕故事里的怪物。) 30. mosquito 词性:n. (名词) 词义:蚊子 常见搭配:mosquito bite (蚊子包), mosquito net (蚊帐) 例句: The mosquitoes here are terrible in summer. (这里的夏天蚊子很厉害。) 31. neck 词性:n. (名词) 词义:颈,脖子;(衣服的)领口 词性转换:necklace (n. 项链) 常见搭配:neck and neck (并驾齐驱,不分上下), stiff neck (脖子僵硬) 例句: She wore a beautiful scarf around her neck. (她脖子上围着一条漂亮的围巾。) The two runners were neck and neck towards the finish line. (两名跑步选手向终点线冲刺时不分上下。) 32. notice 词性:v. (动词) & n. (名词) 词义:v. 看到;听到;感觉到;注意到 n. 通知;布告;注意 近义词:v. see, observe, realize; n. announcement, attention 反义词:v. ignore, overlook; n. ignorance 词性转换:noticeable (adj. 显而易见的) 常见搭配:take notice of... (注意到……), without notice (未经通知) 例句: Did you notice that she was wearing a new dress? (你注意到她穿了一条新裙子吗?) The company put up a notice about the meeting. (公司张贴了会议通知。) 33. novel 词性:n. (名词) & adj. (形容词) 词义:n. (长篇)小说 adj. 新颖的,新奇的 近义词:n. book, story; adj. new, original 反义词:adj. old, traditional 词性转换:novelist (n. 小说家), novelty (n. 新奇的事物) 常见搭配:detective novel (侦探小说) 例句: She is reading a novel by Charles Dickens. (她正在读一本查尔斯 狄更斯的小说。) He came up with a novel idea to solve the problem. (他想出了一个解决这个问题的新奇主意。) 34. number 词性:n. (名词) & v. (动词) 词义:n. 数目;数量;数字;号码 v. 标号;总计 近义词:n. figure, amount, quantity; v. count 反义词:- 词性转换:numerous (adj. 许多的) 常见搭配:a number of (一些,若干), telephone number (电话号码) 例句: A number of students have already finished their homework. (一些学生已经完成了作业。) What's your room number? (你的房间号是多少?) 35. ours 词性:pron. (代词) 词义:(属于)我们的(名词性物主代词) 词性转换:our (adj. 我们的) 常见搭配:a friend of ours (我们的一个朋友) 例句: This car is ours. (这辆车是我们的。) That house over there is similar to ours. (那边那所房子和我们家的很像。) 36. prince 词性:n. (名词) 词义:王子;亲王 近义词:royal 反义词:princess (公主) 词性转换:princely (adj. 王子的;慷慨的) 常见搭配:Crown Prince (王储) 例句: The prince will become king one day. (王子总有一天会成为国王。) 37. screen 词性:n. (名词) & v. (动词) 词义:n. 屏幕;荧幕;屏风 v. 放映;筛选;遮挡 近义词:n. monitor, display; v. show, filter 常见搭配:computer screen (电脑屏幕), on screen (在荧幕上), screen door (纱门) 例句: Don't sit too close to the TV screen. (不要坐得离电视屏幕太近。) The movie will be screened next week. (这部电影将于下周放映。) 38. set 词性:v. (动词) & n. (名词) & adj. (形容词) 词义:v. 放,置;确立,设定;安排 n. 一套,一组;装置 adj. 固定的;准备好的 近义词:v. place, put, establish; n. collection, kit 反义词:v. remove, change 词性转换:setting (n. 环境;设定) 常见搭配:set a goal/record/example (确立目标/创纪录/树立榜样), TV set (电视机), a set of keys (一串钥匙), be set to do sth. (准备好做某事) 例句: She set the vase on the table. (她把花瓶放在桌子上。) He set a new world record. (他创造了一项新的世界纪录。) Are you all set for the trip? (你们都准备好去旅行了吗?) 39. social 词性:adj. (形容词) 词义:社交的;社会的;群居的 近义词:public, communal 反义词:antisocial, solitary (独居的) 词性转换:society (n. 社会), sociable (adj. 好交际的) 常见搭配:social media (社交媒体), social life (社交生活), social skills (社交技巧) 例句: She has a very active social life. (她的社交生活非常活跃。) Bees are social insects. (蜜蜂是群居昆虫。) 40. solar 词性:adj. (形容词) 词义:太阳的;利用太阳能的 近义词:sun 反义词:lunar (月亮的) 词性转换:sun (n. 太阳) 常见搭配:solar energy/power (太阳能), solar system (太阳系) 例句: Many houses now have solar panels on the roof. (现在很多房子屋顶都装有太阳能板。) 41. sore 词性:adj. (形容词) & n. (名词) 词义:adj. 疼痛的;酸痛的;恼火的 n. 痛处;疮 近义词:adj. painful, aching; angry 反义词:adj. painless 常见搭配:sore throat (喉咙痛), feel sore (感到酸痛/生气) 例句: I have a sore throat and a cough. (我喉咙痛,还咳嗽。) My muscles are sore after the workout. (锻炼后我的肌肉酸痛。) 42. tennis 词性:n. (名词) 词义:网球(运动) 词性转换:tennis player (网球运动员) 常见搭配:play tennis (打网球), table tennis (乒乓球) 例句: Let's go and play tennis this afternoon. (我们今天下午去打网球吧。) 43. tool 词性:n. (名词) 词义:工具;用具;手段 近义词:instrument, device, means 常见搭配:garden tools (园艺工具), a useful tool for learning (有用的学习工具) 例句: A hammer is a basic tool for a carpenter. (锤子是木匠的基本工具。) The internet is a powerful tool for research. (互联网是强大的研究工具。) 44. unforgettable 词性:adj. (形容词) 词义:难以忘怀的,令人难忘的 近义词:memorable, impressive 反义词:forgettable, ordinary 词性转换:forget (v. 忘记), forgettable (adj. 易被忘记的) 常见搭配:an unforgettable experience (一次难忘的经历) 例句: We had an unforgettable holiday in Spain. (我们在西班牙度过了一个难忘的假期。) 45. youthful 词性:adj. (形容词) 词义:年轻的;有朝气的 近义词:young, energetic 反义词:old, aged 词性转换:youth (n. 青年时期;年轻人) 常见搭配:youthful appearance (年轻的外貌), youthful energy (青春的活力) 例句: She has a youthful spirit and is always full of ideas. (她心态年轻,总是充满想法。) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $