Unit1单词表教师词汇备课2025-2026学年外研版英语七年级下册

外研版七年级下册 Unit 1 单词表 教师备课材料 1. bath 词性：n. (名词) & v. (动词) 词义：n. 洗澡；浴缸 v. 给……洗澡 近义词：n. wash; v. wash/clean 词性转换：bathe (v. 洗澡；沐浴)， bathroom (n. 浴室) 常见搭配：take/have a bath (洗澡)， bath towel (浴巾) 例句： I take a bath every night before bed. (我每晚睡前都洗个澡。) She baths her dog every two weeks. (她每两周给她的狗洗一次澡。) 2. basket 词性：n. (名词) 词义：篮子；篓子；筐子 近义词：hamper, pannier 常见搭配：shopping basket (购物篮)， waste-paper basket (废纸篓)， basketball (篮球) 例句： She put all the apples in the basket. (她把所有的苹果都放进了篮子里。) 3. become 词性：v. (动词) 词义：变成，变得 近义词：get, turn, grow 反义词：remain, stay 词性转换：becoming (adj. 合适的，适宜的) 注：此义初中较少用 常见搭配：become interested in... (对……产生兴趣)， become a reality (成为现实) 例句： He wants to become a doctor when he grows up. (他长大后想成为一名医生。) The weather became cold suddenly. (天气突然变冷了。) 4. believe 词性：v. (动词) 词义：认为；相信 近义词：think, trust 反义词：doubt, disbelieve 词性转换：belief (n. 信仰，信念)， believable (adj. 可信的)， unbelievable (adj. 难以置信的) 常见搭配：believe in... (信任/信仰……)， make believe (假装) 例句： I believe he is telling the truth. (我相信他说的是真话。) Do you believe in ghosts? (你相信有鬼吗？) 5. blow 词性：v. (动词) & n. (名词) 词义：v. 吹动；刮动 n. 打击；吹 近义词：v. gust; n. hit, strike 反义词：v. suck (吸) 词性转换：blowy (adj. 刮风的) 常见搭配：blow away (吹走)， blow out (吹灭)， blow up (爆炸；充气) 例句： The wind blew strongly last night. (昨晚风刮得很大。) He blew out the candles on the cake. (他吹灭了蛋糕上的蜡烛。) 6. cabbage 词性：n. (名词) 词义：卷心菜，洋白菜，甘蓝 常见搭配：Chinese cabbage (大白菜) 例句： Cabbage is a very healthy vegetable. (卷心菜是非常健康的蔬菜。) 7. cancer 词性：n. (名词) 词义：癌（症） 近义词：tumor (肿瘤) 反义词：health (健康) 常见搭配：lung cancer (肺癌)， fight against cancer (对抗癌症) 例句： Smoking can cause cancer. (吸烟可能导致癌症。) 8. chess 词性：n. (名词) 词义：国际象棋 常见搭配：play chess (下国际象棋)， chess set (国际象棋棋具) 例句： My father taught me how to play chess. (我父亲教我下国际象棋。) 9. chocolate 词性：n. (名词) 词义：巧克力，朱古力 常见搭配：a bar of chocolate (一条巧克力)， milk chocolate (牛奶巧克力) 例句： She gave me a box of chocolates for my birthday. (我生日时她送了我一盒巧克力。) 10. customer 词性：n. (名词) 词义：顾客，客户 近义词：client, shopper, buyer 反义词：seller, shopkeeper 词性转换：custom (n. 风俗；光顾) 常见搭配：customer service (客户服务) 例句： The customers in this shop are very satisfied with the service. (这家店的顾客对服务很满意。) 11. empty 词性：adj. (形容词) & v. (动词) 词义：adj. 空的 v. 倒空；清空 近义词：adj. vacant, hollow; v. clear out 反义词：adj. full; v. fill 词性转换：emptiness (n. 空虚) 常见搭配：empty bottle (空瓶子)， empty the trash (倒垃圾) 例句： The bottle is empty. Could you bring a full one? (瓶子空了。你能拿个满的吗？) Please empty your pockets before security check. (安检前请清空口袋。) 12. everything 词性：pron. (代词) 词义：每件事物；所有事物 近义词：all, all things 反义词：nothing 常见搭配：everything possible (一切可能的事情) 例句： Everything is ready for the party. (派对的一切都准备好了。) Money is not everything. (金钱不是万能的。) 13. exciting 词性：adj. (形容词) 词义：令人兴奋的；使人激动的 近义词：thrilling, stimulating 反义词：boring, dull 词性转换：excite (v. 使兴奋)， excitement (n. 兴奋) 常见搭配：exciting news/game (令人兴奋的消息/比赛) 例句： We had an exciting trip to the mountains. (我们的山地之旅非常刺激。) 辨析：excited (感到兴奋的) 描述人的感受。I'm so excited about the holiday! (我对假期感到非常兴奋！) 14. example 词性：n. (名词) 词义：例子；榜样 近义词：instance, model 反义词：counterexample (反例) 词性转换：exemplify (v. 例证) 初中较少用 常见搭配：for example (例如)， set a good example (树立好榜样) 例句： Can you give me an example? (你能给我举个例子吗？) He is an example for all students to follow. (他是所有学生学习的榜样。) 15. experience 词性：n. (名词) & v. (动词) 词义：n. 经验；经历 v. 经历，体验 近义词：n. knowledge, adventure; v. undergo, feel 反义词：n. inexperience (无经验) 词性转换：experienced (adj. 有经验的) 常见搭配：work experience (工作经验)， unforgettable experience (难忘的经历) 例句： He has a lot of experience in teaching. (他有丰富的教学经验。) I experienced a sense of happiness when I helped her. (帮助她时，我体验到一种幸福感。) 16. factory 词性：n. (名词) 词义：工厂，制造厂 近义词：plant, mill, works 词性转换：manufacture (v. 制造) 常见搭配：car factory (汽车制造厂)， factory worker (工厂工人) 例句： His father works in a shoe factory. (他父亲在一家鞋厂工作。) 17. fall 词性：v. (动词) & n. (名词) 词义：v. 落下；跌倒；变成 n. (美)秋天；跌倒 近义词：v. drop, tumble; n. autumn 反义词：v. rise, stand up 词性转换：fallen (adj. 倒下的；堕落的) 常见搭配：fall down (跌倒)， fall asleep (入睡)， fall in love with... (爱上……) 例句： Leaves fall from trees in autumn. (秋天树叶从树上落下。) Be careful not to fall down on the wet floor. (小心别在湿地上滑倒。) 18. finally 词性：adv. (副词) 词义：最后，终于 近义词：at last, eventually, in the end 反义词：firstly, initially 词性转换：final (adj. 最后的) 例句： After three hours of climbing, we finally reached the top of the mountain. (爬了三小时后，我们终于到达了山顶。) 19. freezing 词性：adj. (形容词) 词义：极冷的，严寒的 近义词：icy, frigid, very cold 反义词：boiling, scorching (炎热的) 词性转换：freeze (v. 冻结)， frozen (adj. 冷冻的；冻僵的) 常见搭配：freezing point (冰点)， freezing cold (冰冷) 例句： It's freezing outside. Put on your coat. (外面冷极了。穿上你的外套。) The water in the lake froze last night. (湖里的水昨晚结冰了。) 20. happen 词性：v. (动词) 词义：发生；碰巧 近义词：occur, take place 词性转换：happening (n. 事件) 常见搭配：happen to do sth. (碰巧做某事)， What happened? (发生什么事了？) 例句： The accident happened at midnight. (事故发生在午夜。) I happened to meet my old teacher in the street yesterday. (我昨天在街上碰巧遇到了我的老老师。) 21. hat 词性：n. (名词) 词义：帽子 (通常指有檐的) 近义词：cap (便帽，无檐或仅有帽舌) 常见搭配：wear a hat (戴帽子)， top hat (高顶礼帽) 例句： He took off his hat when he entered the room. (他进房间时脱下了帽子。) 22. himself 词性：pron. (代词) 词义：他自己 (反身代词或强调代词) 常见搭配：by himself (他自己；独自地)， enjoy himself (玩得开心) 例句： He built the model plane by himself. (他自己制作了那个飞机模型。) The teacher himself answered the question. (老师亲自回答了这个问题。) 23. instruction 词性：n. (名词) 词义：命令，指示；用法说明；教学 近义词：direction, order, command 词性转换：instruct (v. 指示；教导)， instructive (adj. 有教育意义的) 常见搭配：follow the instructions (按照说明)， give instructions (给予指示) 例句： Read the instructions carefully before you use the machine. (使用机器前请仔细阅读说明。) The teacher instructed us to finish the homework by Friday. (老师指示我们周五前完成作业。) 24. magical 词性：adj. (形容词) 词义：奇异的，美妙的，迷人的；魔法的 近义词：enchanting, wonderful, fantastic 反义词：ordinary, mundane 词性转换：magic (n./adj. 魔法/有魔力的)， magician (n. 魔术师) 常见搭配：magical power (魔力)， magical night (美妙的夜晚) 例句： The view from the top of the mountain was magical. (从山顶看到的景色美极了。) The story is full of magic. (这个故事充满了魔法。) 25. office 词性：n. (名词) 词义：办公室；办事处；公司 近义词：workplace, bureau 反义词：- 词性转换：officer (n. 军官；官员)， official (adj. 官方的 n. 官员) 常见搭配：in the office (在办公室)， office building (办公楼)， post office (邮政局) 例句： My mother works in an office. (我母亲在办公室工作。) I need to go to the post office to send a letter. (我需要去邮局寄封信。) 26. poor 词性：adj. (形容词) 词义：贫穷的，贫困的；可怜的；差劲的 近义词：needy, impoverished; unlucky; bad 反义词：rich, wealthy; lucky; good 词性转换：poverty (n. 贫困) 常见搭配：poor family (贫困家庭)， poor health (身体不好) 例句： They are poor but very happy. (他们很穷但很快乐。) The poor boy lost his way. (那个可怜的男孩迷路了。) He got a poor grade in math. (他数学成绩很差。) 27. presentation 词性：n. (名词) 词义：报告；陈述；介绍；展示 近义词：speech, report, demonstration 词性转换：present (v. 呈现；介绍)， presentable (adj. 像样的) 常见搭配：give a presentation (做报告/展示)， presentation skills (展示技巧) 例句： Each student will give a short presentation about their project. (每个学生都要对自己的项目做一个简短的报告。) 28. princess 词性：n. (名词) 词义：公主 反义词：prince (王子) 常见搭配：Crown Princess (王储妃，女王储) 例句： The little girl dreams of being a princess. (那个小女孩梦想成为公主。) 29. receive 词性：v. (动词) 词义：得到，收到；接待 近义词：get, obtain, accept 反义词：send, give, refuse 词性转换：receiver (n. 接收器；听筒)， receipt (n. 收据)， reception (n. 接待；接收) 常见搭配：receive a letter/gift (收到一封信/礼物)， receive education (接受教育) 例句： I received a birthday card from my friend. (我收到了朋友寄来的生日贺卡。) 辨析：receive 强调客观“收到”，accept 强调主观“接受”。She received his gift but did not accept his apology. (她收到了他的礼物，但没有接受他的道歉。) 30. reason 词性：n. (名词) & v. (动词) 词义：n. 原因，理由；理智 v. 推理；劝说 近义词：n. cause, explanation; v. think, argue 反义词：n. consequence (结果) 词性转换：reasonable (adj. 合理的)， unreasonable (adj. 不合理的) 常见搭配：the reason for... (……的原因)， for some reason (由于某种原因) 例句： What is the reason for your lateness? (你迟到的原因是什么？) It's important to listen to reason. (听从理智很重要。) 31. rich 词性：adj. (形容词) 词义：有钱的，富有的；丰富的 近义词：wealthy, abundant, plentiful 反义词：poor; scarce (缺乏的) 词性转换：riches (n. 财富)， enrich (v. 使丰富) 常见搭配：rich people (富人)， rich in... (富含……) 例句： He comes from a rich family. (他来自一个富裕的家庭。) The area is rich in oil resources. (这个地区石油资源丰富。) 32. scissors 词性：n. (名词) 词义：剪刀 (常以复数形式出现) 近义词：shears (大剪刀) 常见搭配：a pair of scissors (一把剪刀) 例句： Could you pass me the scissors? (你能把剪刀递给我吗？) I need a pair of scissors to cut the paper. (我需要一把剪刀来剪纸。) 33. shame 词性：n. (名词) 词义：羞愧，羞耻；遗憾的事 近义词：disgrace, embarrassment; pity 反义词：honor, pride 词性转换：shameful (adj. 可耻的)， ashamed (adj. 感到羞耻的) 常见搭配：What a shame! (真遗憾！)， feel shame (感到羞愧) 例句： He felt great shame after telling a lie. (撒谎后他感到非常羞愧。) It's a shame that you can't come to the party. (你不能来参加派对真遗憾。) 34. shoulder 词性：n. (名词) & v. (动词) 词义：n. 肩膀 v. 承担，肩负 近义词：v. bear, undertake 常见搭配：shrug one's shoulders (耸肩)， shoulder to shoulder (肩并肩)， shoulder the responsibility (承担责任) 例句： He carried the heavy box on his shoulder. (他把沉重的箱子扛在肩上。) As the eldest child, he shouldered the family burden. (作为长子，他肩负起了家庭的重担。) 35. smart 词性：adj. (形容词) 词义：聪颖的，机灵的；整洁漂亮的；迅速的 近义词：clever, intelligent; neat; quick 反义词：stupid, dull; untidy; slow 词性转换：smartly (adv. 聪明地；整洁漂亮地) 常见搭配：smart phone (智能手机)， smart student (聪明的学生) 例句： She is a very smart girl who learns quickly. (她是一个非常聪明、学得很快的女孩。) He looks very smart in his new suit. (他穿上新西装看起来很精神。) 36. sunless 词性：adj. (形容词) 词义：无阳（日）光的 近义词：dark, gloomy 反义词：sunny, bright 词性转换：sun (n. 太阳)， sunny (adj. 阳光充足的) 常见搭配：sunless day (阴天) 例句： The room was cold and sunless. (这个房间又冷又暗。) 37. surprised 词性：adj. (形容词) 词义：吃惊的，惊奇的 近义词：astonished, amazed, shocked 反义词：unmoved, indifferent (无动于衷的) 词性转换：surprise (n./v. 惊讶/使惊讶)， surprising (adj. 令人惊讶的) 常见搭配：be surprised at/by... (对……感到惊讶)， be surprised to do sth. (惊讶地做某事) 例句： I was very surprised to hear the news. (听到这个消息我非常惊讶。) 辨析：surprised (感到惊讶的) 描述人的感受。surprising (令人惊讶的) 描述事物特性。The result was surprising. (结果令人惊讶。) 38. survey 词性：n. (名词) & v. (动词) 词义：n. 调查；测量 v. 调查；勘测 近义词：n. investigation, poll; v. examine, study 常见搭配：do/carry out a survey (做调查)， survey results (调查结果) 例句： We did a survey about students' reading habits. (我们做了一项关于学生阅读习惯的调查。) 39. touch 词性：v. (动词) & n. (名词) 词义：v. 触摸；感动；触动 n. 接触；触觉 近义词：v. feel, move; n. contact 反义词：v. avoid 词性转换：touching (adj. 动人的)， touched (adj. 感动的) 常见搭配：keep in touch with... (与……保持联系)， get in touch with... (与……取得联系)， touch screen (触摸屏) 例句： Please don't touch the paintings in the museum. (请勿触摸博物馆内的画作。) His story touched everyone's heart. (他的故事触动了每个人的心。) 40. town 词性：n. (名词) 词义：镇，城镇，市镇 (比city小，比village大) 近义词：city, municipality 反义词：countryside, village 词性转换：township (n. 小镇区)， downtown (n./adj. 市中心/市中心的) 常见搭配：go to town (进城)， town centre (城镇中心) 例句： He lives in a small town near the sea. (他住在一个靠海的小镇上。) 41. voice 词性：n. (名词) 词义：说话声，嗓音；发声能力；意见 近义词：sound, tone; opinion 反义词：silence 词性转换：voiceless (adj. 无声的；清辅音的) 常见搭配：in a loud/low voice (大声地/低声地)， raise one's voice (提高嗓门) 例句： She has a very sweet voice. (她的声音很甜美。) Everyone should have a voice in the decision. (每个人都应该在决策中有发言权。) 42. wave 词性：v. (动词) & n. (名词) 词义：v. 挥动；波动 n. 波浪；挥手；浪潮 近义词：v. gesture, swing; n. ripple, surge 反义词：- 词性转换：wavy (adj. 波浪形的) 常见搭配：wave goodbye (挥手告别)， sound wave (声波)， heat wave (热浪) 例句： She waved to me from across the street. (她在街对面向我挥手。) The waves were very high during the storm. (暴风雨期间浪很高。) 43. watery 词性：adj. (形容词) 词义：(食物) 稀薄的，含水太多的；(饮料) 味淡的 近义词：diluted, thin, weak 反义词：thick, concentrated, strong 词性转换：water (n./v. 水/浇水) 常见搭配：watery soup (稀汤)， watery eyes (水汪汪的眼睛) 例句： The soup was too watery and had no taste. (这汤太稀了，没什么味道。) 44. wig 词性：n. (名词) 词义：假发 近义词：toupee (男用假发) 常见搭配：wear a wig (戴假发) 例句： The actor wore a wig to look like an old man. (那个演员戴了假发来扮演老人。) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $