Module 7 （易错题专项练习·基础知识）英语外研版三起六年级下册

Module 7（易错题专项练习·基础知识） 英语外研版三起六年级下册 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 1.情态动词could/couldn't的用法及语境辨析 2.固定搭配的用法 3.专有名词大写及固定短语用法 4.“teach sb. to do sth.” 句型的用法 高频易错点01 情态动词could/couldn't的用法及语境辨析 易错精讲 表示过去的能力、许可或请求，需结合语境准确区分肯定、否定含义及用法场景。 核心用法1：能力表达 could 表示“过去能够做某事”，couldn't 表示“过去不能做某事”，后接动词原形。 例：Helen couldn't see or hear, but she could learn.（海伦看不见也听不见，但她能学习。） 核心用法2：语境搭配 could 可用于描述过去的技能、可能性，常与表示感官（see/hear/speak）、动作（read/write/travel）的动词搭配；couldn't 后接并列结构时，用 or 连接（否定句中表“和”），肯定句中用 and 连接。 例：She couldn't run or jump, but she could sing and dance. 核心用法3：与 can 的区别 can 表示现在的能力，could 表示过去的能力，不可混淆时态。 例：Now I can speak English.（现在我会说英语。）/ Yesterday I couldn't finish the task.（昨天我没能完成任务。） 易错点提示 1. 情态动词后接动词形式错误：could/couldn't 后接动词原形，不可加 -ing 或 -ed。 错误：She couldn't saw the bird.； 正确：She couldn't see the bird. 2. 否定句中并列连词误用：couldn't 后用 or 连接并列成分，不用 and。 错误：He couldn't read and write.； 正确：He couldn't read or write. 3. 时态混淆：用 can 描述过去的能力，或用 could 描述现在的能力。 错误：I could swim now.； 正确：I can swim now. 4. 语境误用：将 could 用于表示“允许”时，混淆过去与现在的场景。 错误：Can you open the door yesterday?； 正确：Could you open the door yesterday? 小练笔 1.用 could/couldn't 填空，并用 and/or 连接并列成分： Helen ______ see ______ hear when she was young, but she ______ read ______ write later. 2. 改正下列句子中的错误： 1 They could played football very well last year. 2 She couldn't sing and dance. ③ Now he couldn't speak Chinese. 点拨 1. couldn't；or；could；and。否定句中用 or 连接并列成分，肯定句中用 and；结合海伦的事迹，年轻时“不能”看和听，后来“能”读和写。 2. 1 They could play football very well last year.（could 后接动词原形 play）； 2 She couldn't sing or dance.（否定句中用 or 替换 and）； ③ Now he can speak Chinese.（描述现在的能力用 can） 高频易错点02 固定句型搭配的用法 核心用法 模块高频介词搭配需牢记，用于表达特定含义，不可随意替换。 fly into space（飞入太空）：Yang Liwei flew into space in Shenzhou V. spend + 时间 + in space（在太空度过……时间）：He spent about twenty-one hours in space. travel all over the world（环游世界）：Helen travelled all over the world. be proud of（为……感到骄傲）：I was very proud of my father. at the airport（在机场）：We met him at the airport. 易错点提示 1. 介词混用：固定搭配中替换介词。 错误：He flew to space. / She is proud for him.； 正确：He flew into space. / She is proud of him. 2. 介词遗漏：不及物动词后漏加介词。 错误：They met him the airport. / He travelled all over world.； 正确：They met him at the airport. / He travelled all over the world. 3. 冠词错误：world 前漏加定冠词 the。 错误：She travelled all over world.； 正确：She travelled all over the world. 小练笔 1.The spaceship flew ______ (into / to) space in 2003. 2. My mother is proud ______ (of / for) my achievements. 3. They met their friend ______ (at / in) the airport. 4. 她环游了世界。（翻译句子） She travelled all over ______ world. 5. 改正错误：He spent two hours on space. ______ 点拨 1. into. “飞入太空” 是固定搭配 fly into space； 2. of. “为……感到骄傲” 用 be proud of； 3. at. “在机场” 用介词 at； 4. the. all over the world 是固定搭配，world 前加 the； 5. He spent two hours in space. “在太空” 用介词 in，将 on 改为 in。 高频易错点03 专有名词大写及固定短语用法 易错精讲 重点关注 Module 7 中涉及的人物、航天器、地名等专有名词，以及核心固定短语的规范使用。 核心用法1：专有名词大写规则 人名：Helen（海伦）、Yang Liwei（杨利伟）（姓和名首字母均大写）； 航天器：Shenzhou V（神舟五号）（首字母大写，编号罗马数字大写）； 专有身份：taikonaut（中国航天员）（首字母无需大写，为普通名词）； 地名：the earth（地球）（普通名词，前面加 the，首字母小写；但若与其他星球并列时可大写 Earth）。 核心用法2：固定短语 fly into space（飞入太空） - spend ... in space（在太空中度过……） - teach sb. to do sth.（教某人做某事） - learn to do sth.（学习做某事） - all over the world（全世界） - a role model for sb.（某人的榜样） 易错点提示 1. 专有名词大写错误：首字母小写或部分大写。 错误：shenzhou V、yang liwei、earth； 正确：Shenzhou V、Yang Liwei、the earth 2. 固定短语搭配错误：遗漏介词、替换动词或名词。 错误：fly to space、spend ... on space、teach sb. do sth.； 正确：fly into space、spend ... in space、teach sb. to do sth. 3. 短语中冠词错误：遗漏或多冠词。 错误：a role model for the blind people； 正确：a role model for blind people（blind people 表泛指，无需加 the） 小练笔 1. 改正下列句子中的专有名词大写错误： 1 yang liwei is a famous taikonaut. 2 The spaceship's name is shenzhou V. 3 We live on the Earth and look up at the moon. 2. 用合适的介词或动词形式填空，完成固定短语： 1 She learnt ______ (speak) English when she was ten. 2 My brother wants to fly ______ space someday. 3 He spent two hours ______ reading books yesterday. ④ Helen is a role model ______ many people. 点拨 1. ① Yang Liwei is a famous taikonaut.（人名首字母大写）；② The spaceship's name is Shenzhou V.（航天器名首字母大写）；③ We live on the earth and look up at the moon.（地球为普通名词，首字母小写，除非特指与其他星球并列） 2. ① to speak（learn to do sth. 固定搭配）；② into（fly into space 固定短语）；③ in（spend ... in doing sth.，in 可省略，但此处需填空）；④ for（a role model for sb. 固定搭配） 高频易错点04 “teach sb. to do sth.” 句型的用法 易错精讲 核心用法： 用于表达 “教某人做某事”，核心结构为 “主语 + taught（teach 的过去式）+ sb. + to do sth.”，不定式符号 to 不可省略。 模块例句：A teacher taught her to spell.（一位老师教她拼写） 易错点提示 1. 省略 to：动词后直接接动词原形。 错误：She taught me spell English words.； 正确：She taught me to spell English words. 2. 动词形式错误：to 后接动名词。 错误：The teacher taught him to reading.； 正确：The teacher taught him to read. 3. 动词时态错误：未用过去式 taught。 错误：He teaches her to write yesterday.； 正确：He taught her to write yesterday. 小练笔 1. My sister taught me ______ (swim) last summer. 2. The teacher ______ (teach) us to spell new words yesterday. 3. 妈妈教我做饭。（翻译句子） My mother taught me ______ cook. 4. 改正错误：She taught her brother speak Chinese. ______ 点拨 1.to swim. “teach sb. to do sth.” 固定搭配，to 后接动词原形； 2. taught. 时间状语 yesterday 提示用一般过去时，teach 的过去式为 taught； 3. to. “教某人做某事” 用 teach sb. to do sth.，加不定式符号 to； 4. She taught her brother to speak Chinese. 缺少不定式符号 to，应加 to。 综合训练 一、用括号内单词的正确形式或合适的词汇填空 1. Helen ______ (can) see when she was born, but she ______ (learn) to read later. 2. Yang Liwei ______ (spend) about twenty-one hours in space in 2003. 3. The teacher taught ______ (we) to spell new words yesterday. 4. She is a role model for ______ (blind people / the blind people). 5. They ______ (travel) all over the world last year. 二、单项选择题 ( )1. My father ______ into space in 2003. A. flyed B. flew C. flies ( )2. Helen couldn't hear ______ speak, but she was very clever. A. or B. and C. but ( )3. She ______ a book about herself when she was old. A. write B. wrote C. writes ( )4. ______ name is Shenzhou V. A. It B. Its C. It's ( )5. He taught me ______ football. A. play B. to play C. playing 三、句型转换 1. Helen could read and write.（改为否定句） Helen ______ read ______ write. 2. Yang Liwei flew into space in 2003.（改为一般疑问句） ______ Yang Liwei ______ into space in 2003? 3. The teacher taught her to spell.（对划线部分提问） What ______ the teacher ______ her to do? 4. She is a role model for blind people.（改为同义句） She is a role model for ______ ______ can't see. 5. 杨利伟是一位中国航天员，他在2003年飞入太空。（翻译句子） Yang Liwei is a ______, and he ______ ______ space in 2003. 四、完形填空 通读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳答案。 Yang Liwei is a famous taikonaut in China. In 2003, he 1. ______ into space by Shenzhou V. He 2. ______ about twenty-one hours there and did a lot of work. When he came back, people all over the country were proud 3. ______ him. He became a role model for many children. Helen Keller is another great person. She 4. ______ see or hear when she was young, but she never gave up. A good teacher taught her 5. ______ read and write. Later, she travelled 6. ______ the world and shared her stories. ( )1. A. flyed B. flew C. flies ( )2. A. spent B. spend C. spends ( )3. A. for B. of C. with ( )4. A. couldn't B. can't C. could ( )5. A. / B. to C. for ( )6. A. all over B. all of C. over all 5、 补全对话 根据对话内容，从方框中选择恰当的句子补全对话（有一项多余）。 A.Could you tell me more about him? B.He flew into space in 2003. C.Who is your role model? D.She couldn't see or hear, but she learned to read and write. E.Did he spend a long time in space? F.I'm proud of him too. Lucy: Hi, Tom! 1. ______ Tom: My role model is Yang Liwei. He is a great taikonaut. Lucy: Oh, I know him! 2. ______ Tom: Yes, he spent about twenty-one hours in space. Lucy: That's amazing! 3. ______ Tom: Sure. He is the first Chinese to fly into space. After that, he became famous all over the world. Lucy: He is really great. 4. ______ Tom: What about you, Lucy? Who is your role model? Lucy: Helen Keller. 5. ______ Tom: Wow, she is so brave and hard-working. 6、 短文改错 下列短文有5处错误，请找出并改正。 Last year, my uncle travel all over the world. He is a taikonaut before, but now he is a teacher. He often tells us stories about his life. He once flyed into space and spent ten days on space. He taught us to be brave and never give up. He is a role model for the young people. 1. ______ 改为 ______ 2. ______ 改为 ______ 3. ______ 改为 ______ 4. ______ 改为 ______ 5. ______ 改为 ______ 参考答案 1、 用括号内单词的正确形式或合适的词汇填空 1. couldn't；learnt/learned 2. spent 3. us 4. blind people 5. travelled/traveled 解析： 1. 海伦出生时“不能”看见，用 couldn't；“后来学习”是过去的动作，用 learn 的过去式 learnt/learned； 2. in 2003 提示用一般过去时，spend 的过去式为 spent； 3. teach 后接宾格 us； 4. blind people 表泛指，无需加 the； 5. last year 提示用 travel 的过去式 travelled/traveled。 2、 单项选择题 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. B 解析： 1. fly 的过去式为不规则变化 flew； 2. 否定句中用 or 连接并列成分； 3. 过去时中用 write 的过去式 wrote； 4. 形容词性物主代词 its 修饰名词 name，It's 是 It is 的缩写； 5. teach sb. to do sth. 固定搭配，后接不定式 to play。 3、 句型转换 1. couldn't；or 2. Did；fly 3. did；teach 4. people who 5. taikonaut；flew into 解析： 1. 肯定句变否定句，could 改为 couldn't，and 改为 or； 2. 含实义动词过去式的一般疑问句，加助动词 did，动词还原为 fly； 3. 对动作提问用 what，加助动词 did，teach 还原为原形； 4. 同义替换，blind people 可表达为 people who can't see； 5. “中国航天员”为 taikonaut，“飞入太空”为 fly into space，过去式为 flew into。 四、完形填空 通读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳答案。 1. B 解析：in 2003提示用一般过去时，fly的过去式为flew，A选项为错误形式，C选项为一般现在时，故选B。 2. A 解析：描述过去发生的动作，用spend的过去式spent，B为原形，C为一般现在时第三人称单数形式，故选A。 3. B 解析：“be proud of”为固定搭配，意为“为……感到骄傲”，故选B。 4. A 解析：根据海伦·凯勒的事迹，她年轻时“不能”看和听，且时态为过去时，故选A。 5. B 解析：“teach sb. to do sth.”为固定结构，不定式符号to不可省略，故选B。 6. A 解析：“all over the world”为固定短语，意为“环游世界”，故选A。 五、补全对话 根据对话内容，从方框中选择恰当的句子补全对话（有一项多余）。 答案 1. C 2. E 3. A 4. F 5. D 7、 短文改错 下列短文有5处错误，请找出并改正。 1. travel 改为 travelled/traveled 解析：last year提示用一般过去时，travel的过去式为travelled/traveled。 2. is 改为 was 解析：描述过去的身份，用一般过去时，is的过去式为was。 3. flyed 改为 flew 解析：fly的过去式为不规则变化flew，flyed为错误形式。 4. on 改为 in 解析：“在太空”为固定搭配“in space”，不用介词on。 5. 去掉the 解析：young people表泛指，前面无需加定冠词the。 第 1 页 共 18 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $