Unit 3 At the restaurant（易错题专项练习·语法提升）英语鲁科版四年级下册（新教材）

Unit 3 At the restaurant 专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练 高频易错点03 点餐场景中的祈使句与交际句型 高频易错点01 would like 与 want 的用法及句型转换 高频易错点02 some 与 any 的用法辨析（饮食场景专项） 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 would like 与 want 的用法及句型转换 高频易错点01 含义与语气：两者均表示 “想要”，would like（缩写为 I'd like/You'd like 等）语气更礼貌，餐厅 点餐场景常用；want语气较随意，日常口语使用。 固定搭配： want + 名词 /want to + 动词原形（例：I want noodles. / I want to eat jiaozi.） would like + 名词 /would like to + 动词原形（例：I'd like some beef. / I'd like to have tomato soup.） 句型转换： 否定句：want → don't/doesn't want（主语三单）；would like → wouldn't like 例：He doesn't want pizza. / She wouldn't like coffee. 一般疑问句：want → Do/Does + 主语 + want...?；would like → Would + 主语 + like...? 例：Do you want to eat noodles? / Would you like some pear juice? 易错点提示 1. 遗漏would like后的to（×）：I'd like eat jiaozi. → 正确（√）：I'd like to eat jiaozi. （would like后接动词原形必须加to） 2. want的否定句直接加not（×）：He want not tofu. → 正确（√）：He doesn't want tofu. （需借助助动词don't/doesn't） 3. 餐厅点餐用want（×）：What do you want? → 正确（√）：What would you like? （餐厅场景需用更礼貌的would like） 4. would like的疑问句用Do引导（×）：Do you would like soup? → 正确（√）： Would you like some soup?（直接用Would引导，无需助动词） 小练笔 1.单项选择。 ( )1. —______ you like some salad? —Yes, please. A. Do B. Would C. Are ( )2. She ______ to drink pear juice. A. want B. wants C. would like ( )3. I ______ like to eat pizza. I want noodles. A. wouldn't B. don't C. am not ( )4. —What do you want ? —I want to eat jiaozi. A. eat B. to eat C. eating ( )5. —Would you like to have tomato soup? — __________. A. Yes, I do. B. No, I wouldn't. C. Yes, please. 2.句型转换 (1) I want to have some beef.（改为否定句） _______________________________________________ (2) She would like some apple pies.（改为一般疑问句） _______________________________________________ (3) Do you want to drink coffee?（改为更礼貌的表达，用 would like） _______________________________________________ (4) They want noodles for dinner.（改为同义句，用 would like） _______________________________________________ 点拨 单项选择答案： (1) B（由答语 “Yes, please.” 可知用 would like 引导）； (2) B（主语 she 是三单，want 用 wants；would like 需加 to，此处无 to，故选 B）； (3) A（would like 的否定是 wouldn't like，后接名词 /to do）； (4) B（want to + 动词原形，固定搭配）； (5) C（Would you like...? 的肯定回答用 “Yes, please.”，否定用 “No, thanks.”）。 句型转换答案： (1) I don't want to have any beef.（want 的否定加 don't，some 变 any）； (2) Would she like some apple pies?（would like 的疑问句将 Would 提前，some 不变）； (3) Would you like to drink some coffee?（直接替换为 Would you like to do sth.）； (4) They would like noodles for dinner.（want sth. 同义替换为 would like sth.）。 some 与 any 的用法辨析（饮食场景专项）高频易错点02 1.相同点：均修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，表示 “一些”。 2.不同点： some：用于肯定句或表示请求、建议的疑问句（希望得到肯定回答）， 例：I have some tofu. / Would you like some juice? any：用于否定句或普通疑问句（不表请求），例：I don't have any cabbage. / Do you have any pizza? 易错点提示 1. 请求型疑问句用any（×）：Would you like any soup? → 正确（√）：Would you like some soup? （点餐请求希望得到肯定回答，用 some） 2. 肯定句用any（×）：She has any jiaozi. → 正确（√）：She has some jiaozi.（肯定句用 some） 3. 否定句用some（×）：I don't want some pizza. → 正确（√）：I don't want any pizza.（否定句用 any） 4. 不可数名词前some/any的误用（×）：some coffees → 正确（√）：some coffee（coffee 是不可 数名词，无复数，some 直接修饰） 小练笔 用 some 或 any 填空 (1) I want ______ noodles and ______ beef for lunch. (2) Do you have ______ tofu? I need it to cook. (3) Would you like ______ pear juice? It's fresh. (4) She doesn't have ______ apple pies. She wants ______ fruit cakes. (5) There is ______ tomato soup on the table. Is there ______ salad? 单项选择 ( )1. —Can I have ______ cabbage? —Yes, here you are. A. some B. any C. a ( )2. They don't want ______ pizza. They like Chinese food. A. some B. any C. an ( )3. —Would you like ______ salad? —Yes, please. A. some B. any C. / 点拨 填空答案： (1) some; some（肯定句修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词）； (2) any（普通疑问句，不表请求，用 any）； (3) some（请求型疑问句，用 some）； (4) any; some（否定句用 any，肯定句用 some）； (5) some; any（肯定句用 some，普通疑问句用 any）。 单项选择答案： (1) A（Can I have...? 表请求，用 some）； (2) B（否定句用 any）； (3) A（Would you like...? 表请求，用 some）。 点餐场景中的祈使句与交际句型高频易错点03 1.祈使句：用于餐厅服务或点餐提醒，肯定形式以动词原形开头（可加 Please），否定形式在 动词前加 Don't。 例：Please wait a minute.（请等一下。） / Don't eat too fast.（别吃太快。） 2.核心交际句型： 服务员询问：Can I help you? / What would you like? / Would you like something to drink? 顾客点餐：I'd like some.../ Can I have some...? / I want to eat... 易错点提示 1. 祈使句遗漏动词原形（×）：Please waits a minute. → 正确（√）：Please wait a minute.（祈使句用动词原形） 2. 否定祈使句用 Don't not（×）：Don't not talk in the restaurant. → 正确（√）：Don't talk in the restaurant.（否定祈使句直接加 Don't） 3. 服务员询问用 What do you want?（×）：不够礼貌，餐厅常用 What would you like? 或 Can I help you? 4. 顾客点餐语气生硬（×）：Give me noodles. → 正确（√）：I'd like some noodles, please.（用 would like+please 更礼貌） 小练笔 单项选择（祈使句） ( )1. ______ wait a minute. Your food is coming. A. Please B. Pleases C. Please to ( )2. ______ eat in the restaurant. It's dirty. A. Not B. Don't C. No ( )3. Please ______ some pear juice for me. A. give B. gives C. giving 补全点餐交际句型 (1) —______ I help you? —Yes, I'd like some jiaozi. (2) —What ______ you like to eat? —I'd like some beef and rice. (3) —Would you like something to ______? —Some coffee, please. (4) —Can I ______ some tomato soup? —Sure. 翻译句子（祈使句） (1) 请给我一碗面条。___________________________________________________________ (2) 不要在餐厅大声说话。___________________________________________________________ 点拨 单项选择答案： (1) A（祈使句 Please + 动词原形，wait 用原形）； (2) B（否定祈使句 Don't + 动词原形）； (3) A（Please + 动词原形，give 用原形）。 补全句型答案： (1) Can（服务员常用问候语 Can I help you?）； (2) would（What would you like? 询问点餐意愿）； (3) drink（对应答语 coffee，询问饮品）； (4) have（Can I have...? 礼貌请求某物）。 翻译答案： (1) Please give me a bowl of noodles. / I'd like a bowl of noodles, please.（两种表达均符合点餐场景）； (2) Don't talk loudly in the restaurant.（否定祈使句 + 副词 loudly 修饰 talk）。 综合训练 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. I ______ (would) like some tofu and cabbage for dinner. 2. She ______ (not want) to drink coffee. She wants some pear juice. 3. Would you like ______ (some) apple pies? They are delicious. 4. ______ (not eat) too much pizza. It's not healthy. 5. What ______ (do) you want to eat? I want to have noodles. 6. There isn't ______ (any) tomato soup in the bowl. 二、单项选择 ( )1. —Would you like to ______ some beef? —Yes, please. A. eat B. eats C. eating ( )2. He ______ like some salad. He doesn't like vegetables. A. wouldn't B. don't C. isn't ( )3. —Do you have ______ rice? —No, but we have ______ noodles. A. any; some B. some; any C. any; any ( )4. ______ give me some pear juice, please. A. Can B. Would C. Please ( )5. —What would you like? —I'd like ______ bowl of tomato soup. A. a B. some C. an 三、句型转换 1. I'd like some jiaozi.（改为一般疑问句） ______________________________________________________ 2. She wants to drink pear juice.（改为否定句） ______________________________________________________ 3. Would you like some coffee?（作否定回答） ______________________________________________________ 4. Please wait a minute.（改为否定句） ______________________________________________________ 5. They have some beef for lunch.（改为否定句） ______________________________________________________ 四、补全对话 A: Can I help you? B: Yes, please. I'd like some noodles and ______ (some/any) beef. A: Would you like ______ (some/any) soup? We have tomato soup today. B: Yes, please. And I want to drink some pear juice. A: OK. Noodles, beef, tomato soup and pear juice. ______ (Wait/Waits) a minute, please. B: Thank you. A: Don't ______ (eat/eats) too fast! Your food is hot. B: I know. Thank you. 五、短文填空 Hello, I'm Tom. I like Chinese food. Today I go to a restaurant with my mum. Mum asks, "What ______ (would) you like to eat?" I say, "I'd like some noodles and ______ (some) jiaozi." Mum would like some tofu and ______ (tomato) soup. The waiter says, "______ (Please) wait a minute." We don't want ______ (any) Western food like pizza. After dinner, Mum says, "______ (Don't) forget to wash your hands!" I'm very happy today. 参考答案 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. would（解析：would like 是固定搭配，缩写为 I'd）； 2. doesn't want（解析：主语 she 是三单，want 的否定需加 doesn't）； 3. some（解析：Would you like...? 表请求，用 some）； 4. Don't eat（解析：否定祈使句，Don't + 动词原形）； 5. do（解析：want 是实义动词，疑问句用助动词 do）； 6. any（解析：否定句用 any 修饰不可数名词 tomato soup）。 二、单项选择 1. A（解析：would like to + 动词原形，eat 用原形）； 2. A（解析：由后句 “不喜欢蔬菜” 可知前句为否定，would like 的否定是 wouldn't like）； 3. A（解析：一般疑问句用 any，肯定句用 some）； 4. C（解析：祈使句 Please + 动词原形，符合点餐请求语气）； 5. A（解析：a bowl of 一碗，bowl 以辅音音素开头，用 a）。 三、句型转换 1. Would you like some jiaozi?（解析：would like 的疑问句将 Would 提前，some 不变）； 2. She doesn't want to drink pear juice.（解析：主语三单，否定加 doesn't，want 用原形）； 3. No, thanks.（解析：Would you like...? 的否定回答用 “No, thanks.”）； 4. Don't wait a minute.（解析：否定祈使句加 Don't）； 5. They don't have any beef for lunch.（解析：否定句加 don't，some 变 any）。 四、补全对话 1. some（解析：肯定句用 some 修饰 beef）； 2. some（解析：Would you like...? 表请求，用 some）； 3. Wait（解析：祈使句用动词原形）； 4. eat（解析：Don't + 动词原形）。 五、短文填空 1. would（解析：What would you like...? 固定句型）； 2. some（解析：肯定句用 some 修饰 jiaozi）； 3. tomato（解析：tomato soup 番茄汤，名词作定语用原形）； 4. Please（解析：祈使句 Please + 动词原形，表礼貌）； 5. any（解析：否定句用 any 修饰 Western food）； 6. Don't（解析：否定祈使句，Don't + 动词原形 forget）。 第 1 页 共 14 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $