Unit 5 语法专题讲解和专练 2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语七年级上册

Unit 5 Love Mother Nature! 语法专题精讲及练习 冠词 (Articles) 冠词是用在名词前,用来说明名词所指的人或事物。冠词不能离开名词而单独存在。冠词分为不定冠词a/an和定冠词the。 1.不定冠词 不定冠词有a和an两种形式,用于单数名词前,表示微弱的“一”的概念,用来泛指某物或某人,但并不强调数量。a用于辅音音素开头的名词前,an用于元音音素开头的名词前。基本用法: ① 用来表示数量“一”,意思和one相近,但数量概念比one弱 There is a table and four chairs in the room. We are having an English lesson tomorrow. ② 泛指某人或某物,但不具体说明是何人或何物 A boy is waiting for you at the school gate. ③ 用在可数名词前面,表示某一类人或事物(同定冠词the的用法) A child needs love. (指孩子这一类人) A horse is much smaller than an elephant. (指马这一类动物和大象这一类动物) ④ 用在序数词前,表示“再一,又一” You will have to do it a second time. ⑤ 用在被特指的人或事物前 He is reading a book about skating. 2.定冠词 定冠词the用以特指某人或某物,表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中的特定的一个,以区别于同类中其他的人或事物,相当于“那个”或“这个”意思。它可以和单数可数名词、复数可数名词或不可数名词连用。基本用法: ① 用在上文提到过的人或事物前 I have a bird. The bird is white. ② 用在谈话双方都知道的人或事物前 Where are the keys? They are on the table. ③ 用在单数可数名词前面,表示某一类人或事物 The horse is a useful animal. ④ 用在乐器前面 He can play the piano. ⑤ 用在序数词、形容词最高级所修饰的名词前 January is the first month of the year. The book is the best of all. ⑥ 用在被特指的人或事物前 He is reading the books about skating. 语法专练 1. ( ) Hangzhou held _ 19th Asian Games in 2023. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2. ( ) There are 60 minutes in _ hour. A. a B. an C. the D. / 3. ( ) China is _ country with a history of more than 5,000 years. A. the B. a C. an D. / 4. ( ) The C919 is _ large plane made by China. A. a B. an C. the D. / 5. ( ) My mother is making _ apple pie, and I want to try _ piece. A. a; an B. a; / C. an; a D. an; / 情态动词(Modal Verb) can/can't can是英语中常见的情态动词, can't 是can not的缩写形式。can与can't无人称和数的变化, 后加动词原形。 1.情态动词can肯定形式、否定形式的用法如下表: 2. can的疑问形式及简略答语如下表: 3. can和can't的意义: can ① 表达能力 I can swim. 我会游泳。 ② 表示可能性和推测 It can get very hot in the summer. 夏天可能会变得很热。 ③ 表达请求和征求意见 Can I ask you a question? 我可以问你个问题吗? ④ 表达许可和允许 You can go now. 你可以走了。 can't ① 表示无法(能力)或不被允许做 She can't come to the party because she has other plans. 她不能来参加聚会,因为她已有其他安排。 ② 表示否定推断(一定不是、不可能发生或不存在) That can't be Jim in the classroom. He's at home now. 教室里那人不可能是吉姆。他现在在家。 ③ 表示拒绝或不接受 I can't buy you that book. 我不可能给你买那样的书。 语法专练 1.( ) -I _ find my keys. -Have you checked your jacket pockets? A. mustn't B. shouldn't C. can't D. wouldn't 2. ( ) -Would you like to visit Tianjin University tomorrow? -Sorry, I'm afraid I _. I'll work as a volunteer in my community. A. can B. can't C. must D. mustn't 3.( ) -Is that Jim running on the playground? -It _ be him. He is always in the library at this time. A. mustn't B. shouldn't C. can't D. needn't 4. ( ) -_ I take photos here? -Sorry, you can't. It's not allowed in the museum. A. Must B. Need C. Can D. Will 5. ( ) -Can you speak English, Lingling? -Yes, I _. A. must B. can C. should D. will 阅读能力提升 阅读策略点拨 依图猜词( Using pictures to guess word meanings ) 阅读文章时,经常会遇到生词。为了快速了解文章大意, 提高阅读效率,我们可以借助图片和文章中的已知信息来猜词。一般来说,文章中的插图都是和文章内容密切相关的。图片是最直观、最醒目的信息元素,可以帮助我们猜测词义,预测文本内容,快速了解文章大意。如教材第79页Activity 1中有两幅图片,分别是(大兴安岭的)森林和针叶林树种(针叶和花蕊)的图片。我们可以先观察这两幅图片,再结合地理、生物的相关知识,猜测到Activity 2 中“pine trees”和“bloom”的词义分别为“松树”和“开花”;根据Activity 3的两幅图片,猜测“thickly”和“cable cars”的词义分别为“茂盛地”和“缆车”,为文章内容的理解扫清词汇障碍。 能力提升实践 In science class, the teacher asks the class, “What things can burn (烧伤)us. Do you know?” “Fire can burn us,” answer the students. “Right, ” our teacher says. “And can you think of anything else?” “Boiling water with hot steam,” a girl says. “Good,” says our teacher. Many hot things can burn you. But do you know something very cold can also burn you? We all laugh. How can something cold burn? Our teacher says, “When you touch something really cold for a long time, you can get hurt (受伤). We call it a cold burn.” How interesting! Hot or cold, fire or ice can burn us. 1. The underlined word “boiling” means _ in Chinese. 2. The underlined word “steam” means _ in Chinese. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $