Unit3语法讲解及习题：冠词（a_an_the）与地点介词2025-2026学年译林版英语七年级下册

译林英语七下Unit3语法讲解及习题 冠词（a/an/the）与地点介词 一、语法讲解 1. 冠词 a, an, the 定义与功能 a/an：不定冠词，用于首次提到的人或事物，表示泛指“一个”。 the：定冠词，用于特指的人或事物、第二次提到的人或事物、专有名词前、世界上独一无二的事物前。 构成规则 用法场景 冠词选择 示例 首次提到、泛指单数可数名词 a（辅音音素开头）/ an（元音音素开头） Beijing is a beautiful city. / It has an amazing garden. 特指某个具体的人或事物 the The Summer Palace is a famous place in Beijing. 第二次提到的人或事物 the I visited a park yesterday. The park is very big. 专有名词（如地名、建筑名） the The Bird's Nest is in Beijing. 世界上独一无二的事物 the The Great Wall is a symbol of China. 复数名词或不可数名词泛指 /（零冠词） People love to visit places of interest in their hometown. 易错点 a/an 的判断依据是发音的音素，不是字母。 例：an hour（h不发音，首音素为元音）；a university（u发音为/ju:/，首音素为辅音）。 2. 地点介词（Prepositions of place） 定义与功能 用于描述人或事物在空间中的位置关系，在本单元中常用于介绍家乡景点的方位布局。 核心介词及用法 介词 含义 示例 in 在……内部/范围里 There is a lake in the Summer Palace. on 在……表面上 There are some lanterns on the roof. under 在……正下方 A ball is under the bench. above 在……上方（不接触） The tree leaves are above the bench. behind 在……后面 There is a big tree behind the shop. in front of 在……前面（外部） Some flowers are in front of the shop. beside / next to 在……旁边 A bench is beside the boy. between 在……两者之间 The shop is between two trees. outside / inside 在……外面/里面 The boy is standing outside the shop. 二、习题训练 题型一：用 a, an, the 或 / 填空 1. ___________ Summer Palace is one of ___________ most famous places in Beijing. 2. I visited ___________ old park yesterday. ___________ park has a big lake. 3. Beijing is ___________ capital of China. It is ___________ modern city. 4. There is ___________ bird cage above his head. ___________ bird in ___________ cage is singing. 5. ___________ Great Wall is ___________ symbol of Chinese culture. 6. We will have ___________ trip to ___________ Bird's Nest next week. 7. It is ___________ interesting book about ___________ history of Beijing. 8. ___________ hour later, we arrived at ___________ small village. 9. There is ___________ apple tree in front of ___________ house. 10. ___________ people from all over the world come to visit Beijing every year. 题型二：单项选择 1. —Where is ___________ Bird's Nest? —It's in ___________ centre of Beijing. A. a; a B. the; the C. /; the D. the; / 2. I want to visit ___________ Great Wall and ___________ Summer Palace. A. the; the B. a; a C. /; / D. the; / 3. There is ___________ small shop beside ___________ lake. A. a; a B. an; the C. a; the D. an; a 4. ___________ boy standing outside the shop is my cousin. A. A B. An C. The D. / 5. —Did you visit ___________ interesting place in Beijing? —Yes, I visited ___________ Water Cube. A. a; the B. an; the C. a; / D. an; / 6. There is ___________ bird singing in ___________ tree. A. a; the B. an; a C. the; a D. /; the 7. ___________ hour is not enough to visit ___________ whole park. A. A; a B. An; the C. The; a D. An; a 8. We can see some flowers ___________ the shop and a tree ___________ it. A. in front of; behind B. behind; in front of C. under; above D. above; under 9. The ball is ___________ the bench and the tree. A. between B. beside C. next to D. behind 10. The shopkeeper is standing ___________ the shop, smiling at customers. A. outside B. inside C. above D. under 11. There is a big tree ___________ the house and two lanterns ___________ the roof. A. behind; on B. in front of; under C. beside; above D. between; on 12. —What's ___________ capital of China? —It's Beijing. A. a B. an C. the D. / 13. I saw ___________ old man standing ___________ a tree. A. a; under B. an; beside C. the; in D. /; behind 14. ___________ people love to visit ___________ places of interest in their hometown. A. /; / B. The; the C. /; the D. A; / 15. There is ___________ important building in ___________ centre of the city. A. a; a B. an; the C. the; a D. an; / 题型三：用适当的地点介词填空 1. The bird cage is ___________ his head. 2. Some flowers are ___________ the shop. 3. A bench is ___________ the boy and a tree is ___________ the bench. 4. The shop is ___________ two trees. 5. The boy is standing ___________ the shop, and the shopkeeper is ___________ it. 题型四：句型转换 1. There is a lake in the park.（对划线部分提问） ___________ ___________ a lake? 2. The Summer Palace is in Beijing.（改为一般疑问句） ___________ ___________ Summer Palace in Beijing? 3. A boy is standing outside the shop.（对划线部分提问） ___________ ___________ a boy standing? 4. The Great Wall is a symbol of China.（改为同义句） ___________ Great Wall ___________ ___________ symbol of China. 5. There is a bird in the cage.（对划线部分提问） ___________ ___________ a bird? 三、答案与解析 题型一：用 a, an, the 或 / 填空 1. The; the 2. an; The 3. the; a 4. a; The; the 5. The; a 6. a; the 7. an; the 8. An; a 9. an; the 10. / 解析： · 专有名词、独一无二的事物前用 the； · 首次提到的单数可数名词用 a/an； · 第二次提到的人或事物用 the； · 复数名词泛指用零冠词。 题型二：单项选择 1. B（专有名词 the Bird's Nest；固定搭配 in the centre of） 2. A（专有名词 the Great Wall / the Summer Palace） 3. C（首次提到 a small shop；特指 the lake） 4. C（特指站在商店外的男孩，用 the） 5. B（interesting 以元音音素开头，用 an；专有名词 the Water Cube） 6. A（泛指一只鸟 a bird；特指树上的鸟 the tree） 7. B（hour 以元音音素开头，用 an；特指整个公园 the whole park） 8. A（花在商店前 in front of；树在商店后 behind） 9. A（在长椅和树之间 between） 10. B（店主在商店里面 inside） 11. A（树在房子后面 behind；灯笼在屋顶上 on） 12. C（固定搭配 the capital of） 13. B（old 以元音音素开头，用 an；站在树旁 beside） 14. A（复数名词泛指 people / places of interest，用零冠词） 15. B（important 以元音音素开头，用 an；固定搭配 in the centre of） 题型三：用适当的地点介词填空 1. above 2. in front of 3. beside; behind 4. between 5. outside; inside 解析：根据语境判断方位关系，选择对应的介词。 题型四：句型转换 1. Where is 2. Is the 3. Where is 4. The; is a 5. Where is 解析：掌握特殊疑问句和一般疑问句的转换规则，注意冠词的保留。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $