Unit2情态动词（should could）和反身代词-2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下学期语法精讲精练

该初中英语知识清单聚焦八年级下学期情态动词（should/could表建议）和反身代词语法点。从情态动词核心结构（情态动词+动词原形，无人称变化）及should/could语气差异入手，延伸至提建议、征求建议等高频句型，再到反身代词列表、作宾语/同位语用法及易错点（与主语一致），构建基础语法学习支架。 知识链路按“语法精讲（结构-用法-易错点）-中考链接（健康话题句式、考点辨析）-真题与精练（单选、单词拼写、句子改写等多题型）”逻辑展开。通过中考真题演练提升语言应用能力，结合易错点分析培养思维品质，助力学生系统掌握语法知识并高效备考。

新教材八年级英语下学期语法精讲精练（人教版2024） Unit2情态动词（should/could）和反身代词 语法精讲 一、情态动词表建议（should/could） 1. 核心结构：情态动词 + 动词原形，无人称变化。 - should：表“应该”，语气较强，含责任、必要；否定为shouldn’t。例句：You should see a doctor.（你应该看医生。）You shouldn’t eat too much junk food.（你不该吃太多垃圾食品。） - could：表“可以”，语气委婉，提可选建议；否定couldn’t，表建议时少用，常用shouldn’t表不建议。例句：You could drink some warm water with honey.（你可以喝点蜂蜜温水。） 2. 高频句型： - 提建议：You should/could do sth. - 征求建议：Should I do sth.?；Could I do sth.?（更委婉） - 询问建议：What should I do? 二、反身代词 1. 列表（主格→反身代词）：I→myself；you(单)→yourself；he→himself；she→herself；it→itself；we→ourselves；you(复)→yourselves；they→themselves。 2. 核心用法： - 作宾语：强调动作回指主语。例句：He hurt himself.（他伤了自己。）；She did it by herself.（她独自完成。） - 作同位语：强调主语本人。例句：I myself cleaned the room.（我自己打扫了房间。） 3. 易错点：反身代词需与主语一致，如“我们自己”是ourselves，不是ourself。 三、语法运用与中考链接 1. 健康话题高频句式： - 询问：What’s wrong?；What’s the matter? - 描述：I have a headache/fever.（我头痛/发烧。） - 建议：You should rest.；You could take some medicine. 2. 中考考点：情态动词表建议的辨析（should/could语气差异）、反身代词的正确形式与搭配（by oneself）。 中考真题 1．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）My father is too tired. Something ________ to keep him relaxed. A．should do B．should be done C．must do 2．（2024·西藏·中考真题）You ________ eat too much food before you go to bed, or it’s bad for you. A．can B．could C．shouldn’t D．would 3．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Shh… ! This is a library. You ________ keep your voice down. A．can B．can’t C．should D．shouldn’t 4．（2023·湖北黄石·中考真题）Young Chinese people ________ keep the motherland at heart, aim high, and have their feet firmly on the ground. A．should B．can C．may D．need 5．（2023·湖北武汉·中考真题）—Excuse me, but we ________ wait in line to get on the subway. —I’m sorry. A．might B．would C．could D．should 6．（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）Earthquakes can be very dangerous. We ________ learn to protect ourselves. A．might B．should C．could D．would 7．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Self-driving cars are smart enough to follow traffic rules and park ________. A．they B．their C．them D．themselves 8．（2024·西藏·中考真题）He can use Chat GPT-4 by ________ without my help. A．him B．her C．himself D．herself 9．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）Little Mary was proud of ______ because she taught Uncle Li how to borrow books online. A．herself B．hers C．she D．her 10．（2024·天津·中考真题）When ________ parents went away on business, I looked after ________. A．my; myself B．my; mine C．me; myself D．me; mine 11．（2024·云南·中考真题）—Maria, you should believe in ________. That’s the secret of success. —OK, I will. A．myself B．yourself C．herself D．himself 12．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Chen Chao still sticks to teaching ________ English though he is busy working now. A．he B．his C．himself 13．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）Think about it and ask ________: have you really done everything right? A．you B．yourself C．me D．myself 14．（2023·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）Don’t ride your bike too fast, or you may hurt ________. A．myself B．yourself C．himself D．itself 15．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）— I saw your grandma using Douyin on the phone. Who taught her? — Nobody. She taught ________. A． himself B．myself C．herself D．Yourself 参考答案 1．B 【详解】句意：我爸爸太累了。应该做点什么让他放松。 考查含有情态动词的被动语态。should应该；must必须。此处something和do之间是被动关系，故此处用含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be done。故选B。 2．C 【详解】句意：你不应该在睡觉前吃太多的食物，否则对你的身体不好。 考查情态动词辨析。can 可以；could可以；shouldn’t不应该；would将会。根据“or it’s bad for you”可知，此处建议睡觉前不要吃太多的食物，故选C。 3．C 【详解】句意：嘘……！这里是图书馆。你应该小点声。 考查情态动词辨析和should表示建议。can能；can’t不能；should应该；shouldn’t不应该。根据“This is a library. You...keep your voice down.”可知，此处是建议小点声，故选C。 4．A 【详解】句意：中国青年要胸怀祖国，志存高远，脚踏实地。 考查情态动词。should应该；can能够；may可以；need需要。根据“Young Chinese people ....keep the motherland at heart...”可知，此处是建议中国青年应该做什么，故选A。 5．D 【详解】句意：——对不起，我们应该排队上地铁。——我很抱歉。 考查情态动词辨析。might可以；would将；could可以；should应该。根据“but we …wait in line to get on the subway”可知，应该排队上地铁，故选D。 6．B 【详解】句意：地震可能非常危险。我们应该学会保护自己。 考查情态动词。might可能；should应该；could能；would将。根据“We...learn to protect ourselves.”可知此处是表示建议，我们应该学会保护自己，故选B。 7．D 【详解】句意：自动驾驶汽车足够聪明，可以遵守交通规则并自行停车。 考查代词辨析。they它们；their它们的；them它们；themselves它们自己。此处指“自动驾驶汽车可以自己停车”，应用反身代词themselves。故选D。 8．C 【详解】句意：他可以在没有我帮助的情况下使用Chat GPT-4。 考查代词辨析。him他；her她；himself他自己；herself她自己。by oneself“独自”，主语是He，反身代词用himself。故选C。 9．A 【详解】句意：小玛丽为自己感到骄傲，因为她教李叔叔如何在网上借书。 考查代词辨析。herself她自己；hers她的；she她；her她/她的。根据“Little Mary was proud of …because she taught Uncle Li how to borrow books online.”可知，此处指为她自己感到骄傲，故选A。 10．A 【详解】句意：我父母出差时，我自己照顾自己。 考查代词辨析。my我的，形容词性物主代词；myself我自己，反身代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；me我，宾格。第一处作定语修饰parents，用形容词性物主代词；第二处主语和宾语是同一人，所以是“照顾自己”，用反身代词。故选A。 11．B 【详解】句意：——玛丽亚，你应该相信自己。这就是成功的秘诀。——好的，我会的。 考查反身代词。myself我自己；yourself你自己；herself她自己；himself他自己。此处是对玛丽亚说，你应该相信你自己，故用反身代词yourself。故选B。 12．C 【详解】句意：尽管陈超现在工作很忙，但他仍然坚持自学英语。 考查代词辨析。he他；his他的；himself他自己。此处主语和宾语是同一人，用反身代词，teach oneself“自学”。故选C。 13．B 【详解】句意：想一想，然后问自己：你真的把每件事都做对了吗？ 考查反身代词。you你；yourself你自己；me我；myself我自己。根据“Think about it and ask”可知是指问自己，应用反身代词，结合“have you”可知应用yourself，故选B。 14．B 【详解】句意：不要骑自行车太快，否则你会受伤的。 考查反身代词。myself我自己；yourself你自己；himself他自己；itself它自己。根据“you may hurt”可知主语是you，用反身代词yourself。故选B。 15．C 【详解】句意：——我看到你奶奶用抖音打电话。谁教她的？——没有人。她自学的。 考查反身代词。himself他自己；myself我自己；herself她自己；yourself你自己。根据She可知，反身代词应该与主语在人称上保持一致，所以此空应填herself，故选C。 语法精练 一、单项选择 1．—What’s wrong with you? —I have a stomachache. —You ________ eat spicy food. A．shouldn’t B．should C．must D．needn’t 2．She can look after ________ when her parents are away. A．her B．she C．herself D．hers 3．—Should I put ice on the cut? —Yes, you ________. It can reduce swelling. A．must B．should C．can D．need 4．Peter, please don’t talk in class. You ________ listen to the teacher carefully. A．can B．should C．may D．would 5．The instructions are very important. You ________ begin using it without reading them. A．needn’t B．couldn’t C．shouldn’t D．may not 6．—Lily, you should solve this math problem by ________ first. If you really can’t, I’ll help you. —OK. Thank you, Miss Li. A．itself B．herself C．myself D．yourself 7．—________ you please take the dog for a walk? —OK, but I have to fold the clothes first. A．Must B．Should C．Could D．Need 8．—Jim, ________ I use your computer? —Yes, of course you ________. A．could; could B．can; should C．can; must D．could; can 9．—Tom, ________ you turn down the radio, please? I’m trying to work. —No problem. A．should B．could C．must D．might 10．You ______ drink warm water and rest if you have a fever. It will help you recover soon. A．shouldn’t B．could C．should D．need 11．If you have a stomachache, you ________ eat anything for two hours. A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．can D．should 12．You ________ eat too much junk food. It’s bad for your stomach. A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．can 13．The children enjoyed ________ very much at the Lantern Festival. A．yourself B．himself C．ourselves D．themselves 14．Amy dreams to be a writer in the future. She is going to keep on writing to improve ________. A．herself B．she C．her D．hers 15．We should learn to take care of ________. A．us B．our C．ours D．ourselves 16．The little boy hurt ________ when he ran too fast in the playground. A．him B．himself C．his D．he 17．Be careful when you use the knife, or you’ll cut ________. A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself 18．I don’t want to be ________ else. I just want to be ________. A．anybody; myself B．somebody; myself C．nobody; mine D．everybody; mine 19．Boys and girls, please introduce ________ to your new classmates. A．you B．your C．yourself D．yourselves 20．The skirt is ________, and to my surprise, she made it ________. A．hers; herself B．her; herself C．hers; hers D．her; her 二、按要求完成单词拼写 21．You (应该) drink more warm water when you have a cold. 22．He hurt (他自己) while playing basketball—be more careful next time. 23．We (不应该) eat too much junk food; it’s bad for health. 24．If you feel tired, you (应该) have a good rest. 25．She taught (她自己) first aid skills by watching online videos. 26．You (不应该) run in the hallway; it’s easy to fall. 27．I can finish the task by (我自己). 28．He shouldn’t (stay) up late; lack of sleep affects health. 29．—What should I do for a toothache? —You should (see) a dentist as soon as possible. 30．They enjoyed (they) at the sports meeting yesterday. 31．She taught (she) to play the piano; no one helped her. 32．Daniel likes keeping art diaries. In this way, he can express (he) through drawing or painting. 33．—The cat washes (it) every day. It’s so lovely. —Yes, and it looks very clean. 34．When my parents went away on business, I looked after (I). 35．Tai chi, part of Chinese culture, is a kind of exercise which helps people improve (they) in health. 36．—Who will cook dinner tonight? —Let’s do it (we). Mom and Dad are too tired. 37．I like to stay at home and cook by (I) in my free time. 38．The little boy hurt (he) when he played basketball. 39．The students enjoyed (they) at the school picnic yesterday. 40．Watching TV (it) isn’t always bad for you, but too much of it is not good. 三、按要求完成句子 41．We should brush our teeth twice a day to keep them healthy. (对划线部分提问) we brush our teeth twice a day? 42．She should stay in bed for two days. (改为否定句) She stay in bed for two days. 43．You can have a great time in the park.  (用反身代词改为同义句) You can in the park. 44．You can’t leave your daughter alone at home.（改为同义句）   You can’t leave your daughter at home. 45．Saline should eat some vegetables more often. (变成一般疑问句) Saline eat vegetables more often? 4、 选词填空 （1） 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 should  shouldn’t  if  will  he  didn’t  you  oneself  exercise  eat Staying healthy is easy with good habits. First, you 46 eat a balanced diet. You should have more fruit and vegetables, and you 47 eat too much sweet food. If you 48 well, your body 49 get enough energy. Second, you should 50 regularly. Running, walking or playing ball games are all good choices. Third, learn to protect 51 . For example, don’t run on wet floors— 52 may fall and hurt yourself. My friend Tom used to be weak. He 53 exercise and often ate junk food. Now he changes his habits: he eats healthily and exercises every day. Now 54 is much stronger. Remember, 55 you stick to good habits, you will stay healthy. （2） 用 should, shouldn’t 或could 填空 56．You eat too much junk food; it’s bad for your health. 57．If you have a toothache, you see a dentist right away. 58．She be more careful, or she will make the same mistake again. 59．You brush your teeth every day. 60．You brush your teeth with a different toothpaste (牙膏). 参考答案 1．A 【详解】句意：——你怎么了？ ——我胃疼。——你不应该吃辣的食物。 考查情态动词辨析。shouldn’t不应该；should应该；must必须；needn’t不需要。根据“I have a stomachache.”可知胃疼，所以建议对方不要吃辛辣食物，表示“不应该”，需用“should”情态动词的否定形式“shouldn’t”表达。故选A。 2．C 【详解】句意：当父母不在时，她能照顾自己。 考查反身代词。her她（宾格）；she她（主格）；herself她自己（反身代词）；hers她的（名词性物主代词）。根据句意“照顾”的对象应是主语“她”本人，需用反身代词表示“她自己”。故选C。 3．B 【详解】句意：——我应该在伤口上敷冰块吗？——是的，（你）应该敷。这样能减轻肿胀。 考查动词辨析。must必须；should应该；can能够；need需要。根据“Should I put ice on the cut?”以及“Yes”可知，问句用“Should I...”征求意见，此处作肯定回答，应表达为“Yes, you should”。故选B。 4．B 【详解】句意：彼得，请不要在课堂上说话。你应该认真听老师讲课。 考查情态动词辨析。can能，可以；should应该；may可能；would将会。根据“please don’t talk the class”可知，此处是劝告对方“应该”认真听讲。故选B。 5．C 【详解】句意：这些说明非常重要，你不应该不阅读它们就开始使用它。 考查情态动词辨析。needn’t不需要；couldn’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；may not不可以。根据“The instructions are very important.”可知，说明很重要，所以不应该不阅读说明就使用。故选C。 6．D 【详解】句意：——莉莉，你应该先自己解决这个数学问题。如果你真的不能，我会帮你。——好的。谢谢你，李老师。 考查反身代词辨析。itself它自己；herself她自己；myself我自己；yourself你自己。主语是“you”，因此反身代词需用“yourself”，表示“靠自己”。故选D。 7．C 【详解】句意：——请你带狗去散步好吗？——好的，但我得先叠衣服。 考查情态动词的用法。Must必须；Should应该；Could能，可以（表示礼貌请求）；Need需要。根据答句“OK, but…”可知，此处是在提出一个礼貌的请求，表示“请你……好吗？”常用“Could you please…?”句型。故选C。 8．D 【详解】句意：——吉姆，我可以用一下你的电脑吗？——当然可以。 考查情态动词。could（can的过去式）可以，表示更委婉的请求；can可以，表示允许或能力；should应该；must必须。问句表示委婉请求，用could更礼貌；答句表示肯定允许，用can回答。故选D。 9．B 【详解】句意：——汤姆，请你把收音机关小一点好吗？我正想工作呢。——没问题。 考查情态动词辨析。should应该，表示建议或义务；could可以，表示委婉请求；must必须，表示强制命令；might可能，表示可能性。根据“please”可知，这是一个礼貌的请求，应用表示委婉请求的could。Could you…？是常见的礼貌请求句式。故选B。 10．C 【详解】句意：如果你发烧了，你应该喝温水和休息。这有助于你尽快恢复。 考查情态动词辨析。shouldn’t不应该；could可以，能够；should应该；need需要。根据“It will help you recover soon.”（这将帮助你尽快恢复）可知，这是合理的建议，应用should表示“应该”。故选C。 11．A 【详解】句意：如果你胃痛，你不应该在两小时内吃任何东西。 考查情态动词辨析。shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不必；can可以；should应该。根据“If you have a stomachache”可知，胃痛时不应该吃东西，这是常识建议。故选A。 12．B 【详解】句意：你不应该吃太多垃圾食品。这对你的胃不好。 考查情态动词辨析。should应该；shouldn’t不应该；could可以；can能。根据“It’s bad for your stomach.”可知，吃太多垃圾食品对胃不好，所以是不应该吃太多。故选B。 13．D 【详解】句意：孩子们在元宵节玩得非常开心。 考查反身代词辨析。yourself你自己；himself他自己；ourselves我们自己；themselves他们自己。根据“The children”可知，此处指孩子们玩得很开心，用themselves。故选D。 14．A 【详解】句意：埃米梦想将来成为一名作家，她会坚持写作来提升自己。 考查代词辨析。herself她自己；she她，主格；her她/她的，宾格/形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词。空格处作improve的宾语，主语是she，此处表示“提升她自己”，需用反身代词herself。故选A。 15．D 【详解】句意：我们应该学会照顾我们自己。 考查代词辨析。us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ours我们的，名词性物主代词；ourselves我们自己，反身代词。根据语境可知，此处表达的是我们应该学会照顾我们自己，所以应该用反身代词ourselves。故选D。 16．B 【详解】句意：这个小男孩在操场上跑得太快时伤到了他自己。 考查代词用法。him他，宾格；himself他自己，反身代词；his他的，形容词性物主代词；he他，主格。根据“when he ran too fast in the playground.”可知，此处表示跑得太快伤到自己，需用反身代词表示。故选B。 17．D 【详解】句意：当你用刀时要小心，否则你会割伤自己。 考查反身代词。you你（主格/宾格）；your你的（形容词性物主代词）；yours你的（名词性物主代词）；yourself你自己（反身代词）。根据“cut”可知，此处表示“伤到自己”，主语是“you”，动作“cut”的承受者也是主语自身，需用反身代词。故选D。 18．A 【详解】句意：我不想成为任何其他人，我只想做我自己。 考查不定代词和反身代词辨析。anybody任何人；somebody某人；nobody没有人；everybody每个人；myself我自己；mine我的，名词性物主代词。第一空在否定句中表示“任何人”用anybody；第二空表示“我自己”用反身代词myself。故选A。 19．D 【详解】句意：同学们，请向你们的新同学介绍你们自己。 考查反身代词。you你/你们；your你的/你们的；yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己。“introduce oneself”为固定搭配，意为“介绍自己”，根据“Boys and girls”可知，说话对象是复数，此处需用复数反身代词yourselves。故选D。 20．A 【详解】句意：这条裙子是她的，令我惊讶的是，她亲手制作了它。 考查代词辨析。hers她的，名词性物主代词；herself她自己，反身代词；her她的，形容词性物主代词；她，宾格。第一空表示“裙子是她的”，需用名词性物主代词hers作表语；第二空表示“亲手制作”，需用反身代词herself，强调“亲自”。故选A。 21．should 【详解】句意：感冒时，你应该多喝温水。根据汉语提示可知，should“应该”，情态动词，符合语境。故填should。 22．himself 【详解】句意：他打篮球时伤到了自己——下次要多加小心。根据汉语提示可知，himself“他自己”，反身代词。故填himself。 23．shouldn’t 【详解】句意：我们不应该吃太多垃圾食品；它对健康有害。根据汉语提示可知，shouldn’t“不应该”，情态动词的否定式，符合语境。故填shouldn’t。 24．should 【详解】句意：如果你感到疲惫，你应该好好休息一下。根据“If you feel tired, you...have a good rest.”及提示词可知，“应该”对应的英文表达是should，情态动词后面接动词原形have。故填should。 25．herself 【详解】句意：她通过观看在线视频自学了急救技能。根据汉语提示可知，herself“她自己”，反身代词，符合语境。故填herself。 26．shouldn’t/should not 【详解】句意：你不应该在走廊里奔跑，这样很容易摔倒。根据提示可知，此处需要填“不应该”的英文表达，“应该”是should，其否定形式为should not，缩写是shouldn’t，后接动词原形，符合句子语法要求。故填shouldn’t/should not。 27．myself 【详解】句意：我可以自己完成这项任务。根据中文提示可知，此处考查“我自己”，myself意为“我自己”，此处by myself表示“我自己做某事”。故填myself。 28．stay 【详解】句意：他不应该熬夜；睡眠不足会影响健康。根据“He shouldn’t...up late; lack of sleep affects health.”及提示词可知，此处是常用短语stay up，意为“熬夜”；情态动词的否定形式shouldn’t后接动词原形stay。故填stay。 29．see 【详解】句意：——我牙痛该怎么办？——你应该尽快去看牙医。根据“You should...a dentist as soon as possible.”及提示词可知，情态动词should后需接动词原形see。故填see。 30．themselves 【详解】句意：他们在昨天运动会上玩得很开心。they“他们”，“enjoy oneself” 玩得开心，过得愉快，因此填反身代词形式。故填themselves。 31．herself 【详解】句意：她自学弹钢琴，没有人帮她。she“她”，人称代词主格；根据“no one helped her”可知，她是自学；teach oneself“自学”，所以此处用she对应的反身代词herself。故填herself。 32．himself 【详解】句意：丹尼尔喜欢写艺术日记。通过这种方式，他可以通过绘画来表达自己。he“他（主格）”，根据“he can express ...”可知，此处表示“表达自己”，需用其反身代词himself。故填himself。 33．itself 【详解】句意：——这只猫每天都自己清洁身体，它太可爱了。——是啊，而且它看起来非常干净。it“它”，人称代词主格/宾格，根据“The cat washes...every day.”可知，句子主语是the cat，宾语指代的是主语本身，需要用反身代词来表示“某人/某物自己”，it的反身代词为itself。故填itself。 34．myself 【详解】句意：当我的父母出差时，我照顾我自己。根据“I looked after”和提示词可知，此处指自己照顾自己。空处填反身代词作宾语。I“我”，主格，反身代词为myself。故填myself。 35．themselves 【详解】句意：太极拳是中国文化的一部分，是一种帮助人们改善自身健康的运动。根据句中“which helps people improve … in health”可知，是帮助人们改善他们自己的健康，故空处需反身代词，they的反身代词是themselves，表示“他们自己”。故填themselves。 36．ourselves 【详解】句意：——今晚谁来做晚饭？——我们自己动手吧。爸爸妈妈太累了。we“我们”，人称代词；根据“Let’s do it...Mom and Dad are too tired.”可知，说话者提出“我们自己做晚饭”的建议，因此设空处填写ourselves“我们自己”，反身代词。故填ourselves。 37．myself 【详解】句意：我空闲时间喜欢待在家里独自做饭。根据“by oneself（独自）”的固定搭配可知，此处要填“I”对应的反身代词“myself”。故填myself。 38．himself 【详解】句意：这个小男孩打篮球时伤到了自己。根据“hurt”可知，此处指“伤到自己”，需用反身代词作宾语，指代“the little boy”。“he”的反身代词形式“himself”，意为“他自己”。故填himself。 39．themselves 【详解】句意：学生们在昨天的学校野餐活动中玩得很开心。they“他们”，根据“enjoyed”可知，enjoy oneself意为“玩得开心”，动词enjoy后需接反身代词。主语the students是复数，因此用themselves。故填themselves。 40．itself 【详解】句意：看电视本身并不总是对你有害，但看太多就不好了。根据括号内的单词提示可知，it是人称代词，此处需用it的反身代词itself“自身”来指代“Watching TV”这件事，起到强调作用。故填itself。 41． Why should 【详解】句意：我们应该每天刷两次牙来保持牙齿健康。对目的状语提问用疑问词Why，句首单词首字母大写，原句有情态动词should，变疑问句将should提至主语前，可知需填的内容为Why should，故填Why；should。 42． should not 【详解】句意：她应该卧床休息两天。句子中含有情态动词“should”，改为否定句时直接在“should”后加“not”，故填should not。 43． enjoy yourself/yourselves 【详解】句意：你（们）可以在公园里玩得开心。原句中的“have a great time”表示“玩得开心”，用反身代词来表达同样的意思，可以使用“enjoy oneself”这一结构，其中oneself需要与主语“you”保持一致。当“you”表示“你”时，反身代词用“yourself”；当“you”表示“你们”时，反身代词用“yourselves”。故填enjoy；yourself/yourselves。 44． by herself 【详解】alone副词，单独、独自；by oneself单独，独力; herself她自己，与前文your daughter相对应。故答案为：by herself。 45． Should any 【详解】句意：Saline应该多吃一些蔬菜。原句含有情态动词should，改为一般疑问句时，需要把情态动词should提到主语前，句首单词首字母大写，同时将some改为any，any用于否定句或疑问句。故填Should；any。 46．should 47．shouldn’t 48．eat 49．will 50．exercise 51．yourself 52．you 53．didn’t 54．he 55．if 【导语】本文主要介绍了保持健康的几个好习惯，通过Tom的例子说明好习惯能让人变强壮。 46．句意：首先，你应该均衡饮食。根据“First, you...eat a balanced diet. ”和备选词汇可知，此处表健康建议，需用情态动词should表示“应该”，后接动词原形。故填should。 47．句意：你应该多吃水果和蔬菜，不应该吃太多甜食。根据“eat too much sweet food”可知，吃太多甜食对健康有害，需用should的否定形式shouldn’t表示“不应该”。故填shouldn’t。 48．句意：当你吃得好时，你的身体会获得足够的能量。根据“If you...well”可知，此处表达吃得好时，是条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主语为you，动词用原形eat。故填eat。 49．句意：如果你吃得好，你的身体就会获得足够的能量。根据“If you...well”可知，If引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”，主句需用一般将来时will。故填will。 50．句意：你也应该定期锻炼。根据“Running, walking or playing ball games are all good choices. ”可知下文提及跑步、走路等运动，此处需用动词exercise表示“锻炼”，should后接原形。故填exercise。 51．句意：你必须保护你自己。根据“Third, learn to protect...”可知，此处为提建议的祈使句，暗含主语you，主语和宾语是同一人，用反身代词，主语为you，对应反身代词yourself。故填yourself。 52．句意：不要在湿地板上跑，你可能会摔倒并伤到你自己。根据“...may fall and hurt yourself.”及备选词汇可知，此处是指你可能跌倒或伤害到自己，需用人称代词主格you作句子主语。故填you。 53．句意：我的朋友汤姆过去很虚弱，他过去不锻炼，还经常吃垃圾食品。根据“Now he changes his habits: he eats healthily and exercises every day.”及备选词汇可知，汤姆过去不经常进行锻炼，表示汤姆过去的状态，此处需用一般过去时的否定形式didn’t表示“不锻炼”。故填didn’t。 54．句意：现在他更强壮了。根据“Now he changes his habits: he eats healthily and exercises every day.”及备选词汇可知，此处指代前文的Tom，作句子主语，需用人称代词主格he。故填he。 55．句意：记住，如果你坚持好习惯，你就会保持健康。根据“...you stick to good habits, you will stay healthy.”及备选词汇可知，此处表达如果你坚持好习惯，你将会保持健康。需用连词引导条件状语从句，if表示“如果” 符合语境。故填if。 56．shouldn’t 57．should 58．should 59．should 60．could 【解析】56．句意：你不应该吃太多垃圾食品；这对你的健康不好。根据“ it’s bad for your health.”可知，是不应该吃太多垃圾食品，用情态动词shouldn’t“不应该”。故填shouldn’t。 57．句意：如果你牙疼，你应该马上去看牙医。根据“If you have a toothache, you...see a dentist right away.”可知，牙痛时要立即看牙医，用should表示建议做某事。故填should。 58．句意：她应该更加小心，否则她会再犯同样的错误。根据“or she will make the same mistake again.”可知，应更小心以防再犯错，用should表达建议做某事。故填should。 59．句意：你应该每天刷牙。根据“brush your teeth every day.”可知，是建议每天刷牙，用should。故填should。 60．句意：你可以用另一种牙膏刷牙。根据“You...brush your teeth with a different toothpaste (牙膏).”可知，是可以用另一种牙膏刷牙，这是一个建议，用“could”表示可以尝试换一种牙膏，语气比 “should” 更委婉。故填could。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 新教材八年级英语下学期语法精讲精练（人教版2024） Unit2情态动词（should/could）和反身代词 语法精讲 一、情态动词表建议（should/could） 1. 核心结构：情态动词 + 动词原形，无人称变化。 - should：表“应该”，语气较强，含责任、必要；否定为shouldn’t。例句：You should see a doctor.（你应该看医生。）You shouldn’t eat too much junk food.（你不该吃太多垃圾食品。） - could：表“可以”，语气委婉，提可选建议；否定couldn’t，表建议时少用，常用shouldn’t表不建议。例句：You could drink some warm water with honey.（你可以喝点蜂蜜温水。） 2. 高频句型： - 提建议：You should/could do sth. - 征求建议：Should I do sth.?；Could I do sth.?（更委婉） - 询问建议：What should I do? 二、反身代词 1. 列表（主格→反身代词）：I→myself；you(单)→yourself；he→himself；she→herself；it→itself；we→ourselves；you(复)→yourselves；they→themselves。 2. 核心用法： - 作宾语：强调动作回指主语。例句：He hurt himself.（他伤了自己。）；She did it by herself.（她独自完成。） - 作同位语：强调主语本人。例句：I myself cleaned the room.（我自己打扫了房间。） 3. 易错点：反身代词需与主语一致，如“我们自己”是ourselves，不是ourself。 三、语法运用与中考链接 1. 健康话题高频句式： - 询问：What’s wrong?；What’s the matter? - 描述：I have a headache/fever.（我头痛/发烧。） - 建议：You should rest.；You could take some medicine. 2. 中考考点：情态动词表建议的辨析（should/could语气差异）、反身代词的正确形式与搭配（by oneself）。 中考真题 1．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）My father is too tired. Something ________ to keep him relaxed. A．should do B．should be done C．must do 2．（2024·西藏·中考真题）You ________ eat too much food before you go to bed, or it’s bad for you. A．can B．could C．shouldn’t D．would 3．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Shh… ! This is a library. You ________ keep your voice down. A．can B．can’t C．should D．shouldn’t 4．（2023·湖北黄石·中考真题）Young Chinese people ________ keep the motherland at heart, aim high, and have their feet firmly on the ground. A．should B．can C．may D．need 5．（2023·湖北武汉·中考真题）—Excuse me, but we ________ wait in line to get on the subway. —I’m sorry. A．might B．would C．could D．should 6．（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）Earthquakes can be very dangerous. We ________ learn to protect ourselves. A．might B．should C．could D．would 7．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Self-driving cars are smart enough to follow traffic rules and park ________. A．they B．their C．them D．themselves 8．（2024·西藏·中考真题）He can use Chat GPT-4 by ________ without my help. A．him B．her C．himself D．herself 9．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）Little Mary was proud of ______ because she taught Uncle Li how to borrow books online. A．herself B．hers C．she D．her 10．（2024·天津·中考真题）When ________ parents went away on business, I looked after ________. A．my; myself B．my; mine C．me; myself D．me; mine 11．（2024·云南·中考真题）—Maria, you should believe in ________. That’s the secret of success. —OK, I will. A．myself B．yourself C．herself D．himself 12．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Chen Chao still sticks to teaching ________ English though he is busy working now. A．he B．his C．himself 13．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）Think about it and ask ________: have you really done everything right? A．you B．yourself C．me D．myself 14．（2023·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）Don’t ride your bike too fast, or you may hurt ________. A．myself B．yourself C．himself D．itself 15．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）— I saw your grandma using Douyin on the phone. Who taught her? — Nobody. She taught ________. A． himself B．myself C．herself D．Yourself 语法精练 一、单项选择 1．—What’s wrong with you? —I have a stomachache. —You ________ eat spicy food. A．shouldn’t B．should C．must D．needn’t 2．She can look after ________ when her parents are away. A．her B．she C．herself D．hers 3．—Should I put ice on the cut? —Yes, you ________. It can reduce swelling. A．must B．should C．can D．need 4．Peter, please don’t talk in class. You ________ listen to the teacher carefully. A．can B．should C．may D．would 5．The instructions are very important. You ________ begin using it without reading them. A．needn’t B．couldn’t C．shouldn’t D．may not 6．—Lily, you should solve this math problem by ________ first. If you really can’t, I’ll help you. —OK. Thank you, Miss Li. A．itself B．herself C．myself D．yourself 7．—________ you please take the dog for a walk? —OK, but I have to fold the clothes first. A．Must B．Should C．Could D．Need 8．—Jim, ________ I use your computer? —Yes, of course you ________. A．could; could B．can; should C．can; must D．could; can 9．—Tom, ________ you turn down the radio, please? I’m trying to work. —No problem. A．should B．could C．must D．might 10．You ______ drink warm water and rest if you have a fever. It will help you recover soon. A．shouldn’t B．could C．should D．need 11．If you have a stomachache, you ________ eat anything for two hours. A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．can D．should 12．You ________ eat too much junk food. It’s bad for your stomach. A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．can 13．The children enjoyed ________ very much at the Lantern Festival. A．yourself B．himself C．ourselves D．themselves 14．Amy dreams to be a writer in the future. She is going to keep on writing to improve ________. A．herself B．she C．her D．hers 15．We should learn to take care of ________. A．us B．our C．ours D．ourselves 16．The little boy hurt ________ when he ran too fast in the playground. A．him B．himself C．his D．he 17．Be careful when you use the knife, or you’ll cut ________. A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself 18．I don’t want to be ________ else. I just want to be ________. A．anybody; myself B．somebody; myself C．nobody; mine D．everybody; mine 19．Boys and girls, please introduce ________ to your new classmates. A．you B．your C．yourself D．yourselves 20．The skirt is ________, and to my surprise, she made it ________. A．hers; herself B．her; herself C．hers; hers D．her; her 二、按要求完成单词拼写 21．You (应该) drink more warm water when you have a cold. 22．He hurt (他自己) while playing basketball—be more careful next time. 23．We (不应该) eat too much junk food; it’s bad for health. 24．If you feel tired, you (应该) have a good rest. 25．She taught (她自己) first aid skills by watching online videos. 26．You (不应该) run in the hallway; it’s easy to fall. 27．I can finish the task by (我自己). 28．He shouldn’t (stay) up late; lack of sleep affects health. 29．—What should I do for a toothache? —You should (see) a dentist as soon as possible. 30．They enjoyed (they) at the sports meeting yesterday. 31．She taught (she) to play the piano; no one helped her. 32．Daniel likes keeping art diaries. In this way, he can express (he) through drawing or painting. 33．—The cat washes (it) every day. It’s so lovely. —Yes, and it looks very clean. 34．When my parents went away on business, I looked after (I). 35．Tai chi, part of Chinese culture, is a kind of exercise which helps people improve (they) in health. 36．—Who will cook dinner tonight? —Let’s do it (we). Mom and Dad are too tired. 37．I like to stay at home and cook by (I) in my free time. 38．The little boy hurt (he) when he played basketball. 39．The students enjoyed (they) at the school picnic yesterday. 40．Watching TV (it) isn’t always bad for you, but too much of it is not good. 三、按要求完成句子 41．We should brush our teeth twice a day to keep them healthy. (对划线部分提问) we brush our teeth twice a day? 42．She should stay in bed for two days. (改为否定句) She stay in bed for two days. 43．You can have a great time in the park.  (用反身代词改为同义句) You can in the park. 44．You can’t leave your daughter alone at home.（改为同义句）   You can’t leave your daughter at home. 45．Saline should eat some vegetables more often. (变成一般疑问句) Saline eat vegetables more often? 4、 选词填空 （1） 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 should  shouldn’t  if  will  he  didn’t  you  oneself  exercise  eat Staying healthy is easy with good habits. First, you 46 eat a balanced diet. You should have more fruit and vegetables, and you 47 eat too much sweet food. If you 48 well, your body 49 get enough energy. Second, you should 50 regularly. Running, walking or playing ball games are all good choices. Third, learn to protect 51 . For example, don’t run on wet floors— 52 may fall and hurt yourself. My friend Tom used to be weak. He 53 exercise and often ate junk food. Now he changes his habits: he eats healthily and exercises every day. Now 54 is much stronger. Remember, 55 you stick to good habits, you will stay healthy. （2） 用 should, shouldn’t 或could 填空 56．You eat too much junk food; it’s bad for your health. 57．If you have a toothache, you see a dentist right away. 58．She be more careful, or she will make the same mistake again. 59．You brush your teeth every day. 60．You brush your teeth with a different toothpaste (牙膏). 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $