Unit1 动词不定式-2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下学期语法精讲精练

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了八年级下学期Unit1动词不定式语法体系。从基本形式（to+动词原形、否定式、省to情况）出发，明确其核心句法功能（宾语、宾补、定语、状语，八年级侧重这四类），进而聚焦高频考点（省to与还原to、易混动词、固定搭配）及易错点（定语加介词等），搭建从基础到应用的学习支架。 知识链路按“形式-功能-考点-易错点”逻辑递进，配套中考真题及单选、填空、句子转换、短文填空等分层练习。通过对比易混动词用法、归纳固定搭配，培养学生语言理解与表达能力，提升思维品质，助力构建完整语法认知框架，高效掌握动词不定式应用。

新教材八年级英语下学期语法精讲精练（人教版2024） Unit1动词不定式 语法精讲 1、 基本形式 to + 动词原形（否定式：not to + 动词原形）；特殊情况可省略to，只保留动词原形，简称“省to不定式”。 例：to read / not to watch / (let sb) go 二、核心句法功能 动词不定式在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语，八年级侧重宾语、宾补、定语、状语4类，主语仅需简单了解。 1. 作宾语：跟在及物动词后，表动作内容 常接不定式的动词（八年级必记）：want, hope, wish, learn, plan, decide, try, forget, remember, agree, choose 例：She wants to be a teacher. / I plan to visit Beijing. 2. 作宾语补足语：跟在宾语后，补充说明宾语的动作 ① 必带to：ask, tell, want, teach, invite, encourage, warn 例：My mom tells me to get up early. ② 省to（八年级核心考点）：使役动词let/make/have + sb + 动词原形；感官动词see/watch/hear/notice + sb + 动词原形 例：Let him do his homework. / I see her sing in the room. ▶ 被动语态中需还原to：He is made to do his homework. 3. 作定语：修饰名词/代词，放被修饰词后，表“要做的事/用途” 例：I have a lot of homework to do. / a pen to write with（注意带介词） 4. 作状语：表目的、结果（八年级重点考目的） ① 表目的：常放句首/句末，可替换为in order to 例：To study English well, I read it every morning. / I go to school to learn knowledge. ② 表结果：常与enough/too...to连用（高频考点） 例：The boy is old enough to go to school. / It’s too cold to go out. 5. 作主语：放句首，谓语用单数；常用it作形式主语，将不定式后置（更简洁） 例：To learn English is important. = It is important to learn English. 三、高频考点 1. 省to与还原to的情况 - 主动：let/make/have/感官动词 + sb + 动词原形 - 被动：sb + be + 上述动词 + to + 动词原形 2. 易混动词：forget/remember/stop - forget to do：忘记要做某事（未做）；forget doing：忘记做过某事（已做） - remember to do：记得要做某事（未做）；remember doing：记得做过某事（已做） - stop to do：停下（当前事）去做另一件事；stop doing：停下正在做的事 3. 固定搭配（必背） - It’s + 形容词 + (for sb) + to do sth：对某人来说做某事是……的 例：It’s easy for us to learn Chinese. - It’s + 形容词 + (of sb) + to do sth：某人做某事是……的（形容词修饰人的品格：kind/nice/foolish等） 例：It’s kind of you to help me. - want sb to do / ask sb to do / tell sb not to do - enough + 名词 + to do / 形容词/副词 + enough + to do - too + 形容词/副词 + to do（表否定结果：太……而不能） 四、易错点提醒 1. 不定式作定语时，若动词为不及物动词，需加相应介词（如write with a pen, look at the picture） 2. 并列的不定式，第二个及以后的to可省略：I want to sing and (to) dance. 3. 情态动词（can/may/must/should）后直接接动词原形，不能加to。 中考真题 1．（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Kitty will go to the English Corner ______ her English this Saturday afternoon. A．to practise B．practising C．practised D．practise 2．（2025·海南·中考真题）________ the speech interesting, our head teacher prepared a short video. A．To make B．Make C．Making 3．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）We should build on past achievements and work together ________ a better world. A．make B．making C．made D．to make 4．（2025·天津·中考真题）The government is developing new plans ________ ancient buildings. A．protect B．to protect C．protects D．protected 5．（2024·四川攀枝花·中考真题）We need more work ________ our sky clearer, water cleaner and air fresher. A．make B．to make C．makes D．made 6．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）“ClimateGPT” is used ________ people with a good understanding of weather conditions. A．provides B．providing C．provided D．to provide 7．（2024·海南·中考真题）In China, family members get together ________ the Mid-Autumn Festival. A．to celebrate B．celebrate C．celebrated 8．（2024·四川·中考真题）—What are you going to do this summer vacation? —I plan ________ my cousin in Hangzhou. A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．visited 9．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）________ more about rare wild animals, I spent some time searching online last night. A．To learn B．Learning C．Learned D．Learn 10．（2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）________ our students responsible and independent, military training (军训) has become tradition in China. A．Making B．To make C．Make 11．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）Two ________ dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford ________ it. A．hundreds, to buy B．hundreds, buy C．hundred, to buy 12．（2024·天津·中考真题）People may use different body language _________ the same feelings. A．show B．to show C．showed D．shows 13．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）China has made great efforts ________ other countries build high-speed railways. A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 14．（2024·云南·中考真题）Our headmaster will invite a scientist ________ us a speech on space technology. A．give B．given          C．giving D．to give 15．（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）______ teenagers’ eyesight, experts advise them to stay away from electronic products. A．Protect B．To protect C．Protecting 16．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）Qiqi hopes ________ medicine in Sichuan University. A．studies B．studying C．to study 17．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—Daddy, the Middle Autumn Festival is coming. Could you please tell me ________ for grandparents? —You can buy some mooncakes, fruits and flowers for them. A．how to buy B．what to buy C．where to buy D．when to buy 18．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）______ healthy, we students always do morning exercises every day at school. A．Keep B．To keep C．Keeping D．Keeps 19．（2024·四川自贡·中考真题）To save energy, don’t forget ________ the light before you leave the room. A．turn off B．turning off C．to turn off 20．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）—Jack, remember ________ off the lights when you leave your bedroom. —OK, I will. A．turned B．turn C．turning D．to turn 语法精练 一、单项选择 1．My father often tells me ________ hard at school. A．study B．to study C．studying D．studied 2．Tony promised ________ the camera well. A．look after B．looked after C．looking after D．to look after 3．—Can I help you? —Yes, I want ________ and buy something for the party. A．go B．going C．gone D．to go 4．He knew it was wrong and refused __________ his classmates’ homework. A．to copy B．copy C．copying D．to copying 5．Our lives would not be possible without animals. So we should do something ________ animals. A．protect B．to protect C．protecting D．protected 6．The doctor advised my father _______ too much spicy food _______ his stomach problem ______ worse. A．not eat; stopping; getting B．not to eat; to stop; getting C．doesn’t eat; to stop; getting D．doesn’t eat; to stop; not to get 7．—Our Chinese teacher asks us ______ a diary in Chinese every day. —So my father made me ______ two pages of my diary last night. A．write; to write B．write; writing C．to write; to write D．to write; write 8．It’s important ________ a weekly schedule to organize your study. A．make B．to make C．making D．made 9．In order ________ the early bus to the city, she was in a hurry. A．to miss B．not to miss C．to missing D．missed 10．My parents always encourage me ________ my dreams. A．follow B．following C．to follow D．followed 11．—What do you think of the math problem? —It is so difficult. I really don’t know ________. A．how to do it B．what to do it C．how to do D．what do it 12．—Why do you like spring best? —Because it’s the best season ________ kites outside. A．fly B．flying C．flies D．to fly 13．Let me ________ you how ________ this camera. A．show; to use B．to show; use C．showing; using D．show; using 14．It’s impolite ________ loudly in public places like libraries or hospitals. A．talk B．talking C．to talk D．talked 15．My mother wants me __________ milk every day. A．drink B．to drink C．drinking D．drank 16．The Internet project in India enables top schools in cities ______knowledge with schools in rural areas. A．share B．sharing C．to share D．to sharing 17．The policeman warned the students ________ in the river because it is dangerous. A．not swim B．not swimming C．not to swim D．don’t swim 18．Mary runs every day ________ weight. A．to lose B．lose C．losing D．to losing 19．My father often tells me ________ too much time playing computer games. It’s bad for my eyes. A．not to spend B．to not spend C．not spend D．don’t spend 20．—Mr Lee is an animal lover. He does everything he can ________ animals.   —He is really a friend to animals. A．protect B．protected C．to protect D．protecting 二、用单词正确形式填空 21．Miss Gao is preparing a talk on how (solve) teenager problems. 22．I plan (send) a gift to my father tomorrow for Father’s Day. 23．It’s kind of you (help) the old cross the road. 24．The girl expected all her classmates (come) to her party. 25．My teacher advises us (do) sports between classes. 26．The joke made him (laugh) again and again. 27．Father asks me (not play) computer before finishing my homework. 28．Can you invite our teachers (come) to the party? 29．We shall work harder together to build a stronger, better China-a country that our children and grandchildren are proud （call） home. 30． (remember) the sweet time of school life, students like taking photos with classmates. 31．Don’t forget (turn) off the gas after cooking. 32．I don’t know what (do) next. Could you tell me, please? 33．The doctor advised my father (not smoke) any more. 34．We hope (reach) the hotel before dark. 35．It’s raining. You need (take) an umbrella. 36．He really doesn’t know how (do) it next. 37．I think it useful (learn) a foreign language. 38．It’s smart of you (work) out the math problem. 39．We made a plan (learn) from Lei Feng yesterday. 40．The children did a lot of research in the lab (finish) the science project. 三、按要求完成句子 41．He studies hard so that he can get good grades. (改为简单句) He studies hard get good grades. 42．The boy is so young that he can’t go to school. (改为简单句) 43．I go to school. I learn new things. (用动词不定式合并成句子) . 44．Students don’t know how they can save water. （改为简单句） Students don’t know save water. 45．My sister is old. She can look after herself.（合并为一句） My sister is old look after herself. 46．The girl is very young. She can’t join the volunteer group. (合并为一句) The girl is young join the volunteer group. 47．I wonder how I can solve this problem. (改为简单句) I wonder how this problem. 48．She decided to visit her grandparents. (改为否定句) She decided her grandparents. 49．The gym is a good place. We can do exercise there. (合并为一句) The gym is a good place do exercise there. 50．The girl is very young. She can’t go to school. (合并为一句) The girl is young go to school. 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last Sunday, my classmates and I decided 51 (visit) the old people’s home. We wanted 52 (do) something meaningful for the elderly. When we got there, the old people were very happy 53 (see) us. First, we helped them 54 (clean) their rooms and wash their clothes. Some of us sang songs and danced for them, which made them 55 (laugh) loudly. An old grandma told us she hoped 56 (learn) to use a smartphone. So we taught her 57 (make) video calls to her son. She was excited 58 (talk) with him on the phone. Before we left, the old people asked us 59 (come) again next month. We promised 60 (visit) them soon. It was a great day, and we learned 61 (help) others can bring us happiness. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 新教材八年级英语下学期语法精讲精练（人教版2024） Unit1动词不定式 语法精讲 1、 基本形式 to + 动词原形（否定式：not to + 动词原形）；特殊情况可省略to，只保留动词原形，简称“省to不定式”。 例：to read / not to watch / (let sb) go 二、核心句法功能 动词不定式在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语，八年级侧重宾语、宾补、定语、状语4类，主语仅需简单了解。 1. 作宾语：跟在及物动词后，表动作内容 常接不定式的动词（八年级必记）：want, hope, wish, learn, plan, decide, try, forget, remember, agree, choose 例：She wants to be a teacher. / I plan to visit Beijing. 2. 作宾语补足语：跟在宾语后，补充说明宾语的动作 ① 必带to：ask, tell, want, teach, invite, encourage, warn 例：My mom tells me to get up early. ② 省to（八年级核心考点）：使役动词let/make/have + sb + 动词原形；感官动词see/watch/hear/notice + sb + 动词原形 例：Let him do his homework. / I see her sing in the room. ▶ 被动语态中需还原to：He is made to do his homework. 3. 作定语：修饰名词/代词，放被修饰词后，表“要做的事/用途” 例：I have a lot of homework to do. / a pen to write with（注意带介词） 4. 作状语：表目的、结果（八年级重点考目的） ① 表目的：常放句首/句末，可替换为in order to 例：To study English well, I read it every morning. / I go to school to learn knowledge. ② 表结果：常与enough/too...to连用（高频考点） 例：The boy is old enough to go to school. / It’s too cold to go out. 5. 作主语：放句首，谓语用单数；常用it作形式主语，将不定式后置（更简洁） 例：To learn English is important. = It is important to learn English. 三、高频考点 1. 省to与还原to的情况 - 主动：let/make/have/感官动词 + sb + 动词原形 - 被动：sb + be + 上述动词 + to + 动词原形 2. 易混动词：forget/remember/stop - forget to do：忘记要做某事（未做）；forget doing：忘记做过某事（已做） - remember to do：记得要做某事（未做）；remember doing：记得做过某事（已做） - stop to do：停下（当前事）去做另一件事；stop doing：停下正在做的事 3. 固定搭配（必背） - It’s + 形容词 + (for sb) + to do sth：对某人来说做某事是……的 例：It’s easy for us to learn Chinese. - It’s + 形容词 + (of sb) + to do sth：某人做某事是……的（形容词修饰人的品格：kind/nice/foolish等） 例：It’s kind of you to help me. - want sb to do / ask sb to do / tell sb not to do - enough + 名词 + to do / 形容词/副词 + enough + to do - too + 形容词/副词 + to do（表否定结果：太……而不能） 四、易错点提醒 1. 不定式作定语时，若动词为不及物动词，需加相应介词（如write with a pen, look at the picture） 2. 并列的不定式，第二个及以后的to可省略：I want to sing and (to) dance. 3. 情态动词（can/may/must/should）后直接接动词原形，不能加to。 中考真题 1．（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Kitty will go to the English Corner ______ her English this Saturday afternoon. A．to practise B．practising C．practised D．practise 2．（2025·海南·中考真题）________ the speech interesting, our head teacher prepared a short video. A．To make B．Make C．Making 3．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）We should build on past achievements and work together ________ a better world. A．make B．making C．made D．to make 4．（2025·天津·中考真题）The government is developing new plans ________ ancient buildings. A．protect B．to protect C．protects D．protected 5．（2024·四川攀枝花·中考真题）We need more work ________ our sky clearer, water cleaner and air fresher. A．make B．to make C．makes D．made 6．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）“ClimateGPT” is used ________ people with a good understanding of weather conditions. A．provides B．providing C．provided D．to provide 7．（2024·海南·中考真题）In China, family members get together ________ the Mid-Autumn Festival. A．to celebrate B．celebrate C．celebrated 8．（2024·四川·中考真题）—What are you going to do this summer vacation? —I plan ________ my cousin in Hangzhou. A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．visited 9．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）________ more about rare wild animals, I spent some time searching online last night. A．To learn B．Learning C．Learned D．Learn 10．（2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）________ our students responsible and independent, military training (军训) has become tradition in China. A．Making B．To make C．Make 11．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）Two ________ dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford ________ it. A．hundreds, to buy B．hundreds, buy C．hundred, to buy 12．（2024·天津·中考真题）People may use different body language _________ the same feelings. A．show B．to show C．showed D．shows 13．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）China has made great efforts ________ other countries build high-speed railways. A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 14．（2024·云南·中考真题）Our headmaster will invite a scientist ________ us a speech on space technology. A．give B．given          C．giving D．to give 15．（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）______ teenagers’ eyesight, experts advise them to stay away from electronic products. A．Protect B．To protect C．Protecting 16．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）Qiqi hopes ________ medicine in Sichuan University. A．studies B．studying C．to study 17．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—Daddy, the Middle Autumn Festival is coming. Could you please tell me ________ for grandparents? —You can buy some mooncakes, fruits and flowers for them. A．how to buy B．what to buy C．where to buy D．when to buy 18．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）______ healthy, we students always do morning exercises every day at school. A．Keep B．To keep C．Keeping D．Keeps 19．（2024·四川自贡·中考真题）To save energy, don’t forget ________ the light before you leave the room. A．turn off B．turning off C．to turn off 20．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）—Jack, remember ________ off the lights when you leave your bedroom. —OK, I will. A．turned B．turn C．turning D．to turn 参考答案 1．A 【详解】句意：基蒂这个星期六下午要去英语角练习英语。 考查非谓语动词。to practise练习，动词不定式形式；practising练习，现在分词或动名词形式；practised练习，过去式或过去分词形式；practise练习，动词原形。根据句子结构可知，空处应是动词不定式作目的状语，表示去英语角的目的是练习英语。故选A。 2．A 【详解】句意：为了使演讲有趣，我们的班主任准备了一个短视频。 考查非谓语动词。根据“the speech interesting, our head teacher prepared a short video.”可知，班主任准备了一个短视频是为了使演讲有趣，应用动词不定式表示目的。故选A。 3．D 【详解】句意：我们应该在过去的成就基础上再接再厉，共同努力创造一个更美好的世界。 考查动词不定式。根据“We should build on past achievements and work together...a better world.”可知，在过去的成就基础上再接再厉并共同努力，以创造一个更美好的世界。此处应是动词不定式作目的状语，故选D。 4．B 【详解】句意：政府正在制定新计划以保护古建筑。 考查非谓语动词。根据“The government is developing new plans...ancient buildings.”可知，制定新计划是为了保护古建筑，故此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故空格处需用to protect。故选B。 5．B 【详解】句意：我们需要更多的工作来使我们的天空更湛蓝、水更干净、空气更清新。 考查非谓语。根据“our sky clearer, water cleaner and air fresher.”可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式to make作目的状语。故选B。 6．D 【详解】句意：“ClimateGPT”用于让人们很好地了解天气状况。 考查动词短语。此处表示“被用来让人们很好地了解天气状况”，用结构be used to do sth.“被用来做某事”。故选D。 7．A 【详解】句意：在中国，家人聚在一起庆祝中秋节。 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处表示聚在一起的目的是庆祝中秋节，用不定式形式。故选A。 8．C 【详解】句意：——这个暑假你打算做什么？——我计划去杭州看望我的堂兄。 考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故选C。 9．A 【详解】句意：为了了解更多关于珍稀野生动物的信息，我昨晚花了一些时间在网上搜索。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，“昨晚花了一些时间在网上搜索信息”的目的是“了解更多关于珍稀野生动物的信息”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故选A。 10．B 【详解】句意：为了培养学生的责任感和独立性，军训已成为中国的传统。 考查非谓语动词。根据题干可知，军训是为了培养学生的责任感和独立性，应用动词不定式表目的，故选B。 11．C 【详解】句意：两百美元足够买自行车了，但是我买不起。 考查数词用法和不定式用法。hundred前面有具体数字时，用单数；动词短语afford to do sth表示“负担得起做某事”。故选C。 12．B 【详解】句意：人们可能会用不同的肢体语言来表达同样的感受。 考查非谓语动词。use sth to do sth“用某物做某事”，使用动词不定式，故选B。 13．B 【详解】句意：中国为帮助其他国家建设高速铁路做出了巨大努力。 考查非谓语动词。make great efforts to do sth.“努力做某事”，应用动词不定式。故选B。 14．D 【详解】句意：我们的校长将邀请一位科学家为我们做一次关于空间技术的演讲。 考查非谓语动词。invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选D。 15．B 【详解】句意：为了保护青少年的视力，专家建议他们远离电子产品。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，专家建议青少年远离电子产品的目的是保护他们的视力，此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。 16．C 【详解】句意：琪琪希望去四川大学学医。 考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth“希望做某事”，故选C。 17．B 【详解】句意：——爸爸，中秋节就要到了。你能告诉我给爷爷奶奶买什么吗？——你可以给他们买一些月饼、水果和鲜花。 考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。根据答语“You can buy some mooncakes, fruits and flowers for them.”可知，询问应该买什么，故选B。 18．B 【详解】句意：为了保持健康，我们学生每天在学校总是做早操。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，学生们在学校做早操的目的是为了保持健康，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。 19．C 【详解】句意：为了节约能源，离开房间前别忘了关灯。 考查非谓语动词。forget to do忘记要去做某事（未做）；forget doing忘记做过某事（已做）。根据“To save energy, don’t forget ... the light before you leave the room.”可知，别忘记要去关灯，故选C。 20．D 【详解】句意：——杰克，你离开卧室时记得关灯。 ——好的，我会的。 考查非谓语动词。remember to do sth.记得去做某事，事情未做；remember doing sth.记得做过某事，事情已做。turn off表示“关灯”，根据“when you leave your bedroom”可知，灯还没有关，此处表示“要记得关灯”。故选D。 语法精练 一、单项选择 1．My father often tells me ________ hard at school. A．study B．to study C．studying D．studied 2．Tony promised ________ the camera well. A．look after B．looked after C．looking after D．to look after 3．—Can I help you? —Yes, I want ________ and buy something for the party. A．go B．going C．gone D．to go 4．He knew it was wrong and refused __________ his classmates’ homework. A．to copy B．copy C．copying D．to copying 5．Our lives would not be possible without animals. So we should do something ________ animals. A．protect B．to protect C．protecting D．protected 6．The doctor advised my father _______ too much spicy food _______ his stomach problem ______ worse. A．not eat; stopping; getting B．not to eat; to stop; getting C．doesn’t eat; to stop; getting D．doesn’t eat; to stop; not to get 7．—Our Chinese teacher asks us ______ a diary in Chinese every day. —So my father made me ______ two pages of my diary last night. A．write; to write B．write; writing C．to write; to write D．to write; write 8．It’s important ________ a weekly schedule to organize your study. A．make B．to make C．making D．made 9．In order ________ the early bus to the city, she was in a hurry. A．to miss B．not to miss C．to missing D．missed 10．My parents always encourage me ________ my dreams. A．follow B．following C．to follow D．followed 11．—What do you think of the math problem? —It is so difficult. I really don’t know ________. A．how to do it B．what to do it C．how to do D．what do it 12．—Why do you like spring best? —Because it’s the best season ________ kites outside. A．fly B．flying C．flies D．to fly 13．Let me ________ you how ________ this camera. A．show; to use B．to show; use C．showing; using D．show; using 14．It’s impolite ________ loudly in public places like libraries or hospitals. A．talk B．talking C．to talk D．talked 15．My mother wants me __________ milk every day. A．drink B．to drink C．drinking D．drank 16．The Internet project in India enables top schools in cities ______knowledge with schools in rural areas. A．share B．sharing C．to share D．to sharing 17．The policeman warned the students ________ in the river because it is dangerous. A．not swim B．not swimming C．not to swim D．don’t swim 18．Mary runs every day ________ weight. A．to lose B．lose C．losing D．to losing 19．My father often tells me ________ too much time playing computer games. It’s bad for my eyes. A．not to spend B．to not spend C．not spend D．don’t spend 20．—Mr Lee is an animal lover. He does everything he can ________ animals.   —He is really a friend to animals. A．protect B．protected C．to protect D．protecting 二、用单词正确形式填空 21．Miss Gao is preparing a talk on how (solve) teenager problems. 22．I plan (send) a gift to my father tomorrow for Father’s Day. 23．It’s kind of you (help) the old cross the road. 24．The girl expected all her classmates (come) to her party. 25．My teacher advises us (do) sports between classes. 26．The joke made him (laugh) again and again. 27．Father asks me (not play) computer before finishing my homework. 28．Can you invite our teachers (come) to the party? 29．We shall work harder together to build a stronger, better China-a country that our children and grandchildren are proud （call） home. 30． (remember) the sweet time of school life, students like taking photos with classmates. 31．Don’t forget (turn) off the gas after cooking. 32．I don’t know what (do) next. Could you tell me, please? 33．The doctor advised my father (not smoke) any more. 34．We hope (reach) the hotel before dark. 35．It’s raining. You need (take) an umbrella. 36．He really doesn’t know how (do) it next. 37．I think it useful (learn) a foreign language. 38．It’s smart of you (work) out the math problem. 39．We made a plan (learn) from Lei Feng yesterday. 40．The children did a lot of research in the lab (finish) the science project. 三、按要求完成句子 41．He studies hard so that he can get good grades. (改为简单句) He studies hard get good grades. 42．The boy is so young that he can’t go to school. (改为简单句) 43．I go to school. I learn new things. (用动词不定式合并成句子) . 44．Students don’t know how they can save water. （改为简单句） Students don’t know save water. 45．My sister is old. She can look after herself.（合并为一句） My sister is old look after herself. 46．The girl is very young. She can’t join the volunteer group. (合并为一句) The girl is young join the volunteer group. 47．I wonder how I can solve this problem. (改为简单句) I wonder how this problem. 48．She decided to visit her grandparents. (改为否定句) She decided her grandparents. 49．The gym is a good place. We can do exercise there. (合并为一句) The gym is a good place do exercise there. 50．The girl is very young. She can’t go to school. (合并为一句) The girl is young go to school. 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last Sunday, my classmates and I decided 51 (visit) the old people’s home. We wanted 52 (do) something meaningful for the elderly. When we got there, the old people were very happy 53 (see) us. First, we helped them 54 (clean) their rooms and wash their clothes. Some of us sang songs and danced for them, which made them 55 (laugh) loudly. An old grandma told us she hoped 56 (learn) to use a smartphone. So we taught her 57 (make) video calls to her son. She was excited 58 (talk) with him on the phone. Before we left, the old people asked us 59 (come) again next month. We promised 60 (visit) them soon. It was a great day, and we learned 61 (help) others can bring us happiness. 参考答案 1．B 【详解】句意：我爸爸经常告诉我在学校要努力学习。 考查动词不定式。study动词原形；to study动词不定式；studying现在分词或动名词；studied过去式或过去分词。根据“My father often tells me...hard at school.”可知，此处考查tell sb. to do sth. “告诉某人去做某事”，因此此处应用动词不定式to study。故选B。 2．D 【详解】句意：托尼答应会好好保管相机。 考查动词短语。look after照看，动词原形；looked after照看，过去式；looking after照看，动名词；to look after照看，不定式。动词“promise”后需接不定式作宾语，构成promise to do sth.“承诺做某事”。故选D。 3．D 【详解】句意：——我能帮你吗？——是的，我想去为派对买点东西。 考查动词形式。根据“want”可知，此处考查“want to do sth.”这一固定搭配，表示“想要做某事”，所以应该用动词不定式“to go”。故选D。 4．A 【详解】句意：他知道那是错误的，并拒绝抄袭同学的作业。 考查非谓语动词。to copy抄袭，不定式；copy抄袭，动词原形；copying抄袭，动名词/现在分词；to copying错误形式。根据谓语动词“refused”可知，其后接动词不定式作宾语，固定搭配refuse to do sth.，意为“拒绝做某事”。故选A。 5．B 【详解】句意：我们的生活没有动物是不可能的。所以我们应该做点事情来保护动物。 考查非谓语动词。根据“So we should do something...animals.”可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语，说明“做点事情”的目的是“为了保护动物”，故选B。 6．B 【详解】句意：医生建议我父亲不要吃太多辛辣食物，以防止他的胃病恶化。 考查非谓语动词。advise sb. not to do sth.意为“建议某人不要做某事”；第二空表示“为了阻止”，应用动词不定式作目的状语；stop...doing sth.“阻止……做某事”，所以第三空应用动名词。故选B。 7．D 【详解】句意：——我们的语文老师要求我们每天用中文写日记。——所以我爸爸昨晚让我写了两页日记。 考查动词ask和make的用法。ask后接动词不定式，即ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”，故第一空填to write；make作为使役动词，后接动词原形，即make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”，故第二空填write。故选D。 8．B 【详解】句意：制定一个每周计划来组织你的学习是很重要的。 考查为谓语动词用法。make制作，动词原形；to make去制作，动词不定式；making制作，动名词；made制作，过去分词。根据固定句型“It’s important to do sth.”，此处需用不定式形式，强调一般性建议。故选B。 9．B 【详解】句意：为了不错过早班车去城市，她很匆忙。 考查in order to的用法和否定形式。根据“In order…the early bus to the city, she was in a hurry.”可知，此处应用否定结构“not to do”。“in order to do sth.”表示“为了做某事”，其否定形式为“in order not to do sth.”。故选B。 10．C 【详解】句意：我的父母总是鼓励我追随我的梦想。 考查非谓语动词。follow追随，动词原形；following现在分词形式；to follow不定式形式；followed过去式或过去分词形式。根据“encourage me…my dreams”可知，此处考查encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，因此用不定式形式。故选C。 11．A 【详解】句意：——你觉得这个数学题怎么样？——它太难了。我真的不知道如何解决它。 考查疑问词+不定式的用法。“疑问词+不定式”作know的宾语时，需要注意疑问词的功能：how是方式副词，需与及物动词do的宾语搭配，即“how to do it（如何做这道题）”；what是代词，可直接作do的宾语，结构应为“what to do”，无需额外加it。故选A。 12．D 【详解】句意：——你为什么最喜欢春天？——因为它是放风筝的最佳季节。 考查动词不定式的用法。the best season to do sth.表示“做某事的最佳季节”，需要用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词season。故选D。 13．A 【详解】句意：让我给你展示如何使用这个相机。 考查非谓语动词。show展示，动词原形；to show动词不定式；showing动名词/现在分词；to use动词不定式；use使用，动词原形；using动名词/现在分词。根据“Let me”可知，“Let sb. do sth.”是固定结构，意为“让某人做某事”，所以第一空用动词原形show；第二空“how to do sth.”是“疑问词+不定式”结构，意为“如何做某事”，所以用to use。故选A。 14．C 【详解】句意：在公共场所如图书馆或医院大声说话是不礼貌的。 考查非谓语动词。talk说话，动词原形；talking说话，动名词形式；to talk说话，动词不定式；talked说话，过去式。根据“It’s + 形容词 + to do”句型，表示“做某事是……的”，此处形容词“impolite”后需接不定式“to talk”。故选C。 15．B 【详解】句意：我妈妈想要我每天喝牛奶。 考查非谓语动词。“want sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“想要某人做某事”，此处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。 16．C 【详解】句意：印度的互联网项目使得城市的顶尖学校能够与农村地区的学校分享知识。 考查非谓语动词。根据“The Internet project in India enables top schools in cities...knowledge with schools in rural areas.”可知，enable sb./sth. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“使……能够做某事”，此处需用动词不定式to share。故选C。 17．C 【详解】句意：警察警告学生们不要在河里游泳，因为这很危险。 考查动词不定式的否定形式。根据“because it is dangerous”可知，该语境表示“警告学生不能在河里游泳”，表示否定含义。warn sb. not to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“警告某人不要做某事”。故选C。 18．A 【详解】句意：玛丽每天跑步是为了减肥。 考查动词不定式作目的状语。跑步的目的是为了减肥，空格处需表示跑步的目的，动词不定式“to lose”常用于表达目的，符合语法规则。故选A。 19．A 【详解】句意：我爸爸经常告诉我不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏，这对我的眼睛不好。 考查动词不定式的否定形式。not to spend不要花费，动词不定式的否定形式；to not spend错误结构；not spend不要花费，动词原形；don’t spend不要花费，一般现在时的否定形式。根据“tells me…too much time playing computer games”可知，此处是tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要做某事”，应用动词不定式的否定形式作宾语补足语。故选A。 20．C 【详解】句意：——李先生是个动物爱好者，他竭尽全力去保护动物。——他真是动物们的朋友。 考查非谓语动词。根据“He does everything he can”可知，“he can”是定语从句，修饰先行词everything，主句谓语动词是does，此处用动词不定式作目的状语，说明他做所有能做的事的目的是保护动物，故选to protect，故选C。 21．to solve 【详解】句意：高老师正在准备一个关于如何解决青少年问题的报告。此处用“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语，故填to solve。 22．to send 【详解】句意：明天是父亲节，我打算送一份礼物给父亲。plan to do sth“计划做某事”，使用动词不定式作宾语，故填to send。 23．to help 【详解】句意：你帮助老人过马路真是太好了。此处是It is adj of sb to do sth“对某人来说做某事是……的”，是不定式作主语，it作形式主语，空处应用不定式形式，故填to help。 24．to come 【详解】句意：这个女孩希望所有的同学都来参加她的派对。come“来”，动词；expect sb. to do sth.“期望某人做某事”，故用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to come。 25．to do 【详解】句意：我的老师建议我们在课间做运动。do“做”，动词；advise sb to do sth“建议某人做某事”，固定搭配，故填to do。 26．laugh 【详解】句意：那个笑话让他笑了一次又一次。laugh笑，动词，make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，用省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填laugh。 27．not to play 【详解】句意：爸爸叫我在完成作业之前不要玩电脑。ask sb not to do sth“让某人不要做某事”，使用动词不定式作宾语补足语，故填not to play。 28．to come 【详解】句意：你能邀请我们的老师来参加聚会吗？invite sb to do sth表示邀请某人做某事，后面跟to引导的不定式形式，故填to come。 29．to call 【详解】句意：我们将共同努力，建设一个更强大、更美好的中国——一个我们的子孙后代自豪地称之为家园的国家。固定短语be proud to do sth. 表示“自豪地做某事”，故填to call。 30．To remember 【详解】句意：为了铭记学校生活的美好时光，学生们喜欢和同学们拍照。分析句子结构，句中“like”为谓语动词，因此这里应用非谓语动词；从句子逻辑来看，“学生们喜欢和同学们拍照”的目的是“纪念学校生活的美好时光”，此处需要用动词不定式来表示目的，句首单词，首字母要大写。故填To remember。 31．to turn 【详解】句意：做饭后别忘了关煤气。turn off“关闭”，此处表示未做的动作，用结构forget to do sth.“忘记做某事”。故填to turn。 32．to do 【详解】句意：我不知道下一步该做什么。你能告诉我吗？根据“I don’t know what...next.”可知，what表示“该……的事”时，后接动词不定式to do，构成固定搭配what to do，意为“该做什么”。故填to do。 33．not to smoke 【详解】句意：医生劝我父亲不要再抽烟了。advise sb. not to do sth.意为“建议某人不要做某事”，其中动词不定式作宾语补足语，结合语境，故填not to smoke。 34．to reach 【详解】句意：我们希望在天黑前到达酒店。reach“到达”，hope to do sth“希望做某事”，空处用不定式作宾语。故填to reach。 35．to take 【详解】句意：天正在下雨，你需要带一把伞。need作实义动词时，后接动词不定式作宾语，take的不定式形式为to take。故填to take。 36．to do 【详解】句意：他真的不知道接下来该怎么做这件事。how后接动词时，需用“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构作宾语，do的不定式形式为to do。故填to do。 37．to learn 【详解】句意：我认为学习一门外语是有用的。此处是“think it + 形容词 + to do sth.”的固定句式，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。故填to learn。 38．to work 【详解】句意：你解出这道数学题真是太聪明了。本句为固定句型It’s+形容词+of sb.+to do sth.，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，work的不定式形式为to work。故填to work。 39．to learn 【详解】 句意：我们昨天制定了一个向雷锋学习的计划。make a plan后接动词不定式作后置定语，修饰plan，learn的不定式形式为to learn。故填to learn。 40．to finish 【详解】句意：为了完成这个科学项目，孩子们在实验室里做了很多研究。finish“完成”，动词。此处指孩子们做很多研究的目的是为了完成科学项目，应用动词不定式表目的。故填to finish。 41． in order to 【详解】句意：他努力学习以便能取得好成绩。原句中so that引导目的状语从句，表示“以便，为了”。改为简单句时，可用in order to do来表达相同的目的。故填in；order；to。 42．The boy is too young to go to school. 【详解】句意：这个男孩年纪太小了，还不能去上学。so+形容词+that从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，此处可以转换成“too+形容词+to do”的形式，表示“太……而不能……”。故填The boy is too young to go to school. 43．I go to school to learn new things 【详解】句意：我去上学。我学习新东西。此处可改为“我去上学是为了学习新东西”，用动词不定式作目的状语，合并成句子可表达为“I go to school to learn new things.”。故填I go to school to learn new things. 44． how to 【详解】句意：学生们不知道他们怎样能节约用水。原句是含宾语从句的复合句，“how they can save water”作know的宾语，将此类复合句改为简单句时，可转换为“疑问词 + to + 动词原形”的结构，用how；to。故填how；to。 45． enough to 【详解】句意：我妹妹足够大了，她能够照顾自己。原句中的“is old”和“can look after herself”可以用“enough to”结构合并。表示“足够……可以……”的句型为“主语+be+形容词+enough to do sth.”。此处形容词为“old”。故填enough；to。 46． too to 【详解】句意：这个女孩非常年轻。她不能加入志愿者小组。合并为一句时，可用“too...to...”结构，意为“太……而不能……”，too后接形容词或副词，to后接动词原形。故填too；to。 47． to solve 【详解】句意：我想知道如何解决这个问题。原句是含宾语从句的复合句，改为简单句时，可将how引导的宾语从句转换为“how + 动词不定式”的结构。故填to；solve。 48． not to visit 【详解】句意：她决定去看望她的祖父母。decide to do sth表示“决定做某事”，其否定形式要在不定式前面加否定词not，表示“决定不做某事”。故填not；to；visit。 49． for us to 【详解】句意：健身房是个好地方。我们可以在那里锻炼。本句为两个简单句，合并为一句，考查句型It’s a good place for sb. to do sth.“这是一个适合某人做某事的好地方”；“we”的宾格为us。故填for；us；to。 50． too to 【详解】句意：这个女孩太小了。她不能去上学。根据句意可知，此处可以合并为“这个女孩太小了而不能去上学”，too...to...表示“太……而不能……”，固定搭配。故填too；to。 51．to visit 52．to do 53．to see 54．clean/to clean 55．laugh 56．to learn 57．to make 58．to talk 59．to come 60．to visit 61．helping/that helping 【导语】本文介绍了作者和同学们上周日去敬老院看望老人，为老人们做了一些有意义的事情，包括打扫房间、洗衣服、唱歌跳舞，还教一位老奶奶使用智能手机视频通话，最后老人们希望他们下个月再来，他们也承诺很快会再去，作者意识到帮助他人能带来快乐。 51．句意：上周日，我和我的同学们决定去拜访敬老院。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，此处用动词不定式作宾语。故填to visit。 52．句意：我们想为老年人做一些有意义的事情。want to do sth“想要做某事”，此处用动词不定式作宾语。故填to do。 53．句意：当我们到达那里时，老人们见到我们非常高兴。be happy to do sth“高兴做某事”，此处用动词不定式作原因状语。故填to see。 54．句意：首先，我们帮助他们打扫房间和洗衣服。help sb (to) do sth“帮助某人做某事”，此处可以用动词不定式或省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填clean/to clean。 55．句意：我们中的一些人为他们唱歌跳舞，这让他们大笑起来。make sb do sth“让某人做某事”，此处用省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填laugh。 56．句意：一位老奶奶告诉我们她希望学习使用智能手机。hope to do sth“希望做某事”，此处用动词不定式作宾语。故填to learn。 57．句意：所以我们教她给儿子打视频电话。teach sb to do sth“教某人做某事”，此处用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to make。 58．句意：她很兴奋能在电话里和他交谈。be excited to do sth“兴奋做某事”，此处用动词不定式作原因状语。故填to talk。 59．句意：在我们离开之前，那些老人请求我们下个月再来。ask sb to do sth“请求某人做某事”，此处用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to come。 60．句意：我们答应很快会去看望他们。promise to do sth“承诺做某事”，此处用动词不定式作宾语。故填to visit。 61．句意：这是美好的一天，我们了解到帮助别人能给我们带来快乐。learn后接宾语从句，从句缺少主语，用动名词helping作主语，也可以用that引导宾语从句，that无实义，不作成分。故填helping/that helping。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $