Unit 7 Careers（单元自测·北京专用）英语北师大版选择性必修第三册

2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第三册单元自测（北京专用） Unit 7·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：100分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分知识运用(共两节,30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分) 阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My Father’s Heart Surgery “Reese, can you come in here?” Mom’s words caused me to look over from the kitchen. My brain quickly 1 what the conversation could be about. It was rare for my parents to want to have any serious discussion with me. I walked over to the living room where my parents were seated. Mom carefully explained Dad needed open-heart surgery for a valve (瓣膜) problem. I stared at her, my heart pounding. Dad looked so healthy sitting there. The words reached my ears, but their 2 disappeared with the room’s silence. Dad and I had always gotten along well. He’s naturally caring and supportive. However, as I reached high school, I grew distant from him. It was my own 3 . His caring personality began to annoy me. He noticed my lack of effort and tried to ease the 4 between us. He 5 the relationship he once had with his little girl. The day of surgery arrived. During the long wait, I noticed the black-covered journal Dad had given us before his operation. My fingertips traced (轻抚) its edges 6 before I opened it. Inside were my father’s words—a month’s worth of journal entries, all of which were letters to me. I slowly turned the pages. Tears blurred (模糊) my vision as memories 7 my mind. I remembered how I had repeatedly 8 his invitations to go out to breakfast. After the surgery, we anxiously walked to his room. Dad was connected to numerous machines, but he was alive. I approached his bed and grasped his hand. Everything that had once bothered me seemed so 9 now. All that mattered was that we were together, and I had been given a second 10 . 1．A．ignored B．recorded C．analyzed D．recalled 2．A．effect B．response C．source D．meaning 3．A．choice B．right C．dream D．duty 4．A．tension B．attraction C．affection D．suspicion 5．A．looked into B．dealt with C．gave up D．longed for 6．A．carelessly B．hesitantly C．confidently D．eagerly 7．A．crossed B．slipped C．flooded D．changed 8．A．received B．offered C．declined D．accepted 9．A．urgent B．silly C．challenging D．capable 10．A．thought B．life C．plan D．chance 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 When Grace fell ill, her garden was drying up. Her neighbour, Lily, 11 (kind) stepped up and took over all the plant watering and weed pulling. When Grace recovered, she 12 (touch) by Lily’s kindness. They began gardening together, forming a close friendship. Their shared love for the garden connected them, showing how small acts of care build meaningful relationships. Over time, the garden, 13 (fill) with flowers they planted together, became a symbol of their bond. B 阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 “Sir, what does the saying ‘Isn’t it a delight to learn and constantly review things one has learned’ mean?” A fourth grader 14 (pose) this question to the virtual Confucius on the screen. The digital figure replied, “It means we need to constantly review 15 we have learned. By doing this, we gain new insights.” In this case, the AI teaching assistant provided students with an 16 (interact) learning experience. It’s not rare. Nowadays, the integration of AI and education 17 (change) the way schools are organized. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Conflict is part of our life and can occur in various settings. When left unaddressed, it can cause stress and damage relationships. One of the most effective approaches to dealing with conflict is through compromise. Compromise is the act of each party giving up something 18 (reach) an agreement. By compromising, we show respect for the other’s feelings and needs, 19 can strengthen the bond. Moreover, compromise helps us develop better problem-solving skills. We should embrace compromise 20 a means of personal growth and harmonious living. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 38分) 第一节(共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Technology is changing fast. Every year, there are some inventions that make our life so much easier, smarter. You’ll find the new technologies below are brilliant, and some of them are a little fun. A Scent-Based Alarm Clock $59 Who wants the noisy beeping of an alarm clock waking them up every morning and starting their day off on the wrong foot? We believe, nobody. This special alarm clock replaces that sharp sound with a calming melody-oh, and it can give off a pleasant smell. Think: freshly ground coffee, freshly mown grass, and the fresh scent of flowers. Voice-Activated Lights $70 About 50 percent of people in the United Kingdom admitted to keeping the lights on when they leave the house. The sad reality is that sometimes we forget to turn the lights off and other times, we’re just too lazy to walk over to the light switch. But there’s a simple solution: Voice-activated light switches. If you own a Google Assistant, then these automated lights will connect to your smart device so you can command them to dim, stay on for a specified period of time, or just turn off completely. A Mug with a Customizable Temperature $80 Drinking boiled hot coffee is no fun-it may burn your mouth. Luckily, one company has come up with a solution for liquids that are too hot for a long time. They designed a mug that allows you to choose your ideal liquid temperature, and their technology will maintain the temperature as you sip leisurely. The mug is so high-tech that you can even connect it to your phone and it will keep you updated on the status of the temperature. An Instant Voice Translator $85 Since many kinds of languages are spoken around the world, being bilingual is a valuable skill. Most of us don’t exactly have the time on our hands to learn that many languages, so the next-best thing is this device that will translate over 32 languages in real time. One person tested the device and stated that it is “simple and readily understood, with proper information on word synonyms.” 21．Which of the following can give off the pleasant smell? A．Voice-Activated Lights. B．A Scent-Based Alarm Clock. C．A Mug with a Customizable Temperature. D．An Instant Voice Translator. 22．From the passage, we know the Instant Voice Translator ______. A．can communicate with people B．can test a person’s language ability C．offers translation in many languages D．helps improve a person’s writing skills 23．We can probably read this passage from ______. A．a geography magazine B．a new technology website C．a biology textbook D．a health research report B As an educator and health care provider, I have worked with numerous children infected with the virus that causes AlDS. The relationships that I have had with these special kids have been gifts in my life. They have taught me so many things, but I have especially learned that great courage can be found in the smallest of packages. Let me tell you about Tyler. Tyler was born infected with HIV: his mother was also infected. From the very beginning of his life, he was dependent on medications (药物) to enable him to survive. When he was five, he had a tube inserted (插入) in a vein (静脉) in his chest. This tube was connected to a pump, which he carried in a small backpack on his back. Medications were linked to this pump and continuously supplied through this tube to his bloodstream. At times, he also needed supplemented (补充的) oxygen to support his breathing. Tyler wasn’t willing to give up one single moment of his childhood to this deadly disease. It was not unusual to find him playing and racing around his backyard, wearing his medicine-laden backpack and dragging his tank of oxygen behind him in his little wagon. All of us who knew Tyler were amazed at his pure joy in being alive and the energy it gave him. Tyler’s mom often teased him by telling him that he moved so fast that she needed to dress him in red. That way, when she peered through the window to check on him playing in the yard, she could quickly spot him. This dreaded disease eventually wore down even the likes of a little dynamo like Tyler. He grew quite ill and, unfortunately, so did his HIV-infected mother. When it became apparent that he wasn’t going to survive, Tyler’s mom talked to him about death. She comforted him by telling Tyler that she was dying too, and that she would be with him soon in heaven. A few days before his death, Tyler called me over to his hospital bed and whispered, “might die soon. I’m not scared. When I die, please dress me in red. Mom promised she’s coming to heaven, too. I’ll be playing when she gets there, and I want to make sure she can find me.” 24．Tyler had to wear his backpack so that ________ . A．his mother could recognize him in the crowd B．oxygen could be provided to support his breathing C．he could carry his favourite toys wherever he went D．its pump could supply medications to his bloodstream 25．We can learn from the passage that________. A．Tyler was very afraid of dying so soon B．Tyler gave up the chance to enjoy his childhood C．Tyler tried to enjoy his life though being badly ill D．Tyler couldn’t move freely with his medicine-laden backpack 26．From the passage, we can learn that Tyler is ________. A．courageous and optimistic B．confident and energetic C．enthusiastic and adventurous D．ambitious and passionate 27．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Gifts in my life B．Dress me in red C．Never give up D．Live with HIV C GOING TO UNIVERSITY is supposed to be a mind-broadening experience. That statement is probably made in comparison to training for work straight after school, which might not be so encouraging. But is it actually true? Jessika Golle of the University of Tübingen, in Germany, thought she would try to find out. Her result, however, is not quite what might be expected. As she reports in Psychological Science this week, she found that those who have been to university do indeed seem to leave with broader and more inquiring minds than those who have spent their immediate post-school years in vocational (职业的) training for work. However, it was not the case that university broadened minds. Rather, work seemed to narrow them. Dr. Golle came to this conclusion after she and a team of colleagues studied the early careers of 2,095 German youngsters. The team used two standardized tests to assess their volunteers. One was of personality traits, including openness, conscientiousness（认真）and so on. The other was of attitudes, such as realistic, investigative and enterprising. They administered both tests twice—once towards the end of each volunteer’s time at school, and then again six years later. Of the original group, 382 were on the intermediate track, from which there was a choice between the academic and vocational routes, and it was on these that the researchers focused. University beckoned for 212 of them. The remaining 170 chose vocational training and a job. When it came to the second round of tests, Dr. Golle found that the personalities of those who had gone to university had not changed significantly. Those who had undergone vocational training and then got jobs were not that much changed in personality, either—except in one crucial respect. They had become more conscientious. That sounds like a good thing, certainly compared with the common public image of undergraduates as a bunch of lazybones. But changes in attitude that the researchers recorded were rather worrying. In the university group, again, none were detectable. But those who had chosen the vocational route showed marked drops in interest in tasks that are investigative and enterprising in nature. And that might restrict their choice of careers. Some investigative and enterprising jobs, such as scientific research, are, indeed beyond the degreeless. But many, particularly in Germany, with its tradition of vocational training, are not. The researchers mention, for example, computer programmers and finance-sector workers as careers requiring these traits. If Dr. Golle is correct, and changes in attitude brought about by the very training Germany prides itself on are narrowing people’s choices, that is indeed a matter worthy of serious consideration. 28．Which of the following can best replace “beckoned for” in Paragraph 2? A．Examined. B．Attracted. C．Organized. D．Recognized. 29．What can we learn from the research? A．The degreeless have not changed in personalities. B．Going to university is a mind-broadening experience. C．Working straight after school narrows people’s minds. D．College students pride themselves on their education. 30．According to the last two paragraphs, . A．college students enjoy a very good public image B．the undergraduates have changed significantly in attitude C．the degreeless are much better at dealing with challenging tasks D．people show less interest in investigative jobs due to vocational training 31．What is the author’s attitude towards the finding? A．Concerned. B．Optimistic. C．Unclear. D．Sceptical. D A theme at this year’s World Economic Forum (WEF) meeting in Switzerland was the perceived need to “speed up breakthroughs in research and technology” Some of this framing was motivated by the climate emergency; some by the opportunities and challenges presented by generative artificial intelligence (AI). In various conversations, it seems to be taken for granted that to address the world’s problems, scientific research needs to move faster and break things. But what if the thing being broken is science? Or public trust? In recent years, we’ve seen important papers written by well-known scientists and published in influential journals were retracted (召回) because of questionable data or methods. In one notable case, Frances H. Arnold, who shared the 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, voluntarily retracted a paper when her lab was unable to replicate (复制) her results — but after the paper had been published. In an open apology, she stated that she was “a bit busy” when the paper was submitted and “did not do my job well”. Arnold’s honesty is admirable, but it raises a question; Are scholars at super competitive places such as Harvard, Stanford and Yale rushing to publish rather than taking the time to do their work right? It’s impossible to answer this question scientifically because there’s no scientific definition of “rushing”. But there’s little doubt that we live in a culture where academics at leading universities are under enormous pressure to produce results—and a lot of them—quickly. Formal research assessments have for years judged academic departments largely on the output quantity. The existing system has led to reduced motivation for excellence and innovation in academic research. A recent reform by academics within the field has urged for quality over quantity. Good science takes time. More than 50 years passed between the 1543 publication of Copernicus’s magnum opus (天体运行论), and the broad scientific acceptance of the heliocentric model of the universe. Nearly a century passed between biochemist Friedrich Miescher’s identification of the DNA and the clarification of its double-helix structure in the 1950s. And it took just about half a century for geologists and geophysicists to accept geophysicist Alfred Wegener’s idea of continental movement. Scientists and other scholars are pushing results out far faster than they used to. Consider the volume of academic papers being published these days. One recent study put the number at over seven million a year, compared with fewer than a million as recently as 1980. Another study found 265 academic authors—two thirds of whom were in the medical and life sciences—who published a paper every five days on average. Some of this growth is driven by more scientists and more co-authorship of papers, but the numbers also suggest that the research world has prioritized quantity over quality. Researchers may need to slow down—not speed up—if we are to produce trustworthy knowledge. 32．The author gives an example of Frances H. Arnold to show that ______. A．academic fields value honesty B．scientists lack time for research C．scholars tend to publish papers in a hurry D．laboratories fail to replicate scientific results 33．What can be inferred from the passage? A．AI and climate issues block research progress. B．Defining “rushing” boosts academic productivity. C．Identifying DNA is easier than clarifying its structure. D．Scholars have acknowledged the problem with academic evaluation. 34．According to the passage, what is the author’s opinion on scientific research? A．Research credibility is a top priority in science. B．More publications enhance researchers’ reputation. C．Studies in medical and life sciences are satisfactory. D．Co-authorship needs to be cancelled for reliable research. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Friendship is a cornerstone of human life, yet its importance is often underestimated. While we may feel an unlimited desire for connection, research indicates that our capacity for maintaining relationships is actually finite. 35 These studies have produced a wide range of estimates, from a few hundred to several thousand people. However, our core circle of trusted companions is significantly smaller, typically consisting of only 10 to 20 people. 36 This trend is concerning, as strong social bonds are strongly linked to better health and longer life. 37 Research offers practical guidance. Firstly, do not underestimate the value of casual acquaintances (熟人). In fact, these brief, positive interactions can already have a meaningful influence on our happiness. 38 A University of Kansas study quantified this, finding it takes approximately 50 hours to transition from acquaintance to casual friend, another 40 hours to become a “real” friend, and a total of 200 hours to form a close bond. If building new friendships from beginning seems challenging, reviving old relationships can be a highly rewarding alternative. Reconnecting with old friends allows for the quick revival of past trust. 39 As a more unconventional approach, appropriate self-disclosure can also foster closeness, as sharing personal thoughts often increases likability and strengthens bonds. The universal longing for connection suggests that many people are navigating life feeling isolated. The most straightforward step might be to simply reach out to someone around you. A．So, what can one do to enrich a limited social life? B．For those seeking deeper connections, investment of time is crucial. C．Moreover, this trusted circle seems to be shrinking in size over the years. D．At the same time, you gain new insights from each other’s recent life experiences. E．Social scientists have employed various methods to measure social network size. F．This method, though creative, might not accurately reflect the depth of these friendships. G．Therefore, making an effort to reconnect can be a highly efficient way to build a reliable friendship. 第三部分 书面表达(共两节, 32分) 第一节(共4小题; 第40、41题各2分, 第42题3分, 第43题5分, 共12分) 阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 When you have a big project to do, you should be totally focused — but that’s easier said than done. Whether a lack of personal interest is keeping you from committing or distractions are coming from someone or something else, it can be hard to get in the zone. That zone, according to one productivity theory, is called deep work. Deep work is a concept first defined by Cal Newport, who wrote, Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World. As he tells it, deep work is the ability to focus completely on a demanding task, without letting distraction get in your way. If you can master it, you’ll get more done in less time, become a master of your work, and ultimately end up feeling more fulfilled as a result. Newport draws a distinction between deep work and shallow work, or that which can be accomplished while you’re distracted. The difference between these is that deep work is for “cognitively demanding” tasks, whereas shallow work is the sort of work you do that prepares you to do deep work. Creating a project deck is deep work. Emailing colleagues to coordinate data for it is shallow work. If you’re having a hard time achieving deep work, Newport has some guidelines. The key is first sorting your work into deep and shallow categories. Determine which of your tasks are cognitively demanding and valuable and which are “logistical-style” and replicable. Next, plan to devote an hour or an hour and a half to deep- work tasks, then schedule it out so you have that time blocked off in your schedule. Finally, when the time comes to get into deep work, eliminate all your distractions. Signal that you’re busy, make sure you’re unavailable on the shared calendar, and put your phone on “do not disturb.” Don’t check emails, don’t talk to anyone, don’t look at your devices for anything but work, and commit to only working on your demanding task in the time you allotted for it. 40．What is deep work according to Cal Newport? 41．What is the difference between deep work and shallow work? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶To achieve deep work, we need to tell deep work from shallow work, spend more time on deep work and remove all distractions. 43．In what other way(s) can you boost deep work as a student?(In about 40 words) 第二节(20分) 44．假设你是李华。北京某旅行社正在招聘周末志愿者，为国内外游客提供帮助，你决定报名参加。请你用英文向该旅行社写一封自荐信，内容包括： 1. 年龄； 2. 性别； 3. 英语流利；熟悉北京; 乐于助人；性格随和。 注意：1. 词数在100左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir/ Madam,     I am writing to apply for the position of a volunteer. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 4 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第三册单元自测（北京专用） Unit 7·培优卷（参考答案） 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．kindly 12．was touched 13．filled 14．posed 15．what 16．interactive 17．is changing/has been changing 18．to reach 19．which 20．as 21．B 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．C 26．A 27．B 28．B 29．C 30．D 31．A 32．C 33．D 34．A 35．E 36．C 37．A 38．B 39．D 40．Deep work is the ability to focus completely on a demanding task, without letting distraction get in your way. 41．Deep work is for “cognitively demanding” tasks, whereas shallow work is the sort of work you do that prepares you to do deep work. 或 Deep work is cognitively demanding and valuable, while shallow work is “logistical-style” and replicable. 42．To achieve deep work, we need to tell deep work from shallow work, spend more time on deep work and remove all distractions. According to the passage, we need to plan to devote an hour or an hour and a half to deep-work tasks. 43．【Possible Version 1: 回答2个ways】 First, I would use a timer to schedule 25- minute blocks of pure deep work, followed by short breaks, which systematically strengthens my focus endurance. Second, I would tackle my most demanding task at my daily peak — early morning — when my mind is freshest, safeguarding this prime time for intense concentration rather than shallow work.(54 words) 【Possible Version 2: 回答1个 way】 I would establish a“ focus ritual” that combines environmental and mental preparation by clearing my desk, setting a clear goal for each session, and spending two minutes in quiet breathing to center my attention. Repeating this before every study block conditions my mind to transition into high concentration, which makes deep work a reliable habit.(55 words) 44．Dear Sir/ Madam, I am writing to apply for the position of a volunteer. I am a 16-year-old boy, the president of the students’ union in Hongxing senior high School. You will find me to be responsible, kind-hearted and easy-going, and I believe I am qualified for the position. In addition to the required courses that I have learned at school, I also have taken part in the English speech contest held by CCTV and got the first place. Therefore, I can communicate with foreign visitors in English fluently. What’s more, I have similar experiences before and I worked in National Museum as a volunteer. As a native, I am familiar with the places of interests in Beijing, which ensures that I am capable of showing foreign visitors around Beijing. I believe my abilities and experience definitely meet your qualifications. I would appreciate it if you could offer me the opportunity. Thank you for your consideration. Look forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第三册单元自测（北京专用） Unit 7·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：100分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分知识运用(共两节,30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分) 阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My Father’s Heart Surgery “Reese, can you come in here?” Mom’s words caused me to look over from the kitchen. My brain quickly 1 what the conversation could be about. It was rare for my parents to want to have any serious discussion with me. I walked over to the living room where my parents were seated. Mom carefully explained Dad needed open-heart surgery for a valve (瓣膜) problem. I stared at her, my heart pounding. Dad looked so healthy sitting there. The words reached my ears, but their 2 disappeared with the room’s silence. Dad and I had always gotten along well. He’s naturally caring and supportive. However, as I reached high school, I grew distant from him. It was my own 3 . His caring personality began to annoy me. He noticed my lack of effort and tried to ease the 4 between us. He 5 the relationship he once had with his little girl. The day of surgery arrived. During the long wait, I noticed the black-covered journal Dad had given us before his operation. My fingertips traced (轻抚) its edges 6 before I opened it. Inside were my father’s words—a month’s worth of journal entries, all of which were letters to me. I slowly turned the pages. Tears blurred (模糊) my vision as memories 7 my mind. I remembered how I had repeatedly 8 his invitations to go out to breakfast. After the surgery, we anxiously walked to his room. Dad was connected to numerous machines, but he was alive. I approached his bed and grasped his hand. Everything that had once bothered me seemed so 9 now. All that mattered was that we were together, and I had been given a second 10 . 1．A．ignored B．recorded C．analyzed D．recalled 2．A．effect B．response C．source D．meaning 3．A．choice B．right C．dream D．duty 4．A．tension B．attraction C．affection D．suspicion 5．A．looked into B．dealt with C．gave up D．longed for 6．A．carelessly B．hesitantly C．confidently D．eagerly 7．A．crossed B．slipped C．flooded D．changed 8．A．received B．offered C．declined D．accepted 9．A．urgent B．silly C．challenging D．capable 10．A．thought B．life C．plan D．chance 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 When Grace fell ill, her garden was drying up. Her neighbour, Lily, 11 (kind) stepped up and took over all the plant watering and weed pulling. When Grace recovered, she 12 (touch) by Lily’s kindness. They began gardening together, forming a close friendship. Their shared love for the garden connected them, showing how small acts of care build meaningful relationships. Over time, the garden, 13 (fill) with flowers they planted together, became a symbol of their bond. B 阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 “Sir, what does the saying ‘Isn’t it a delight to learn and constantly review things one has learned’ mean?” A fourth grader 14 (pose) this question to the virtual Confucius on the screen. The digital figure replied, “It means we need to constantly review 15 we have learned. By doing this, we gain new insights.” In this case, the AI teaching assistant provided students with an 16 (interact) learning experience. It’s not rare. Nowadays, the integration of AI and education 17 (change) the way schools are organized. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Conflict is part of our life and can occur in various settings. When left unaddressed, it can cause stress and damage relationships. One of the most effective approaches to dealing with conflict is through compromise. Compromise is the act of each party giving up something 18 (reach) an agreement. By compromising, we show respect for the other’s feelings and needs, 19 can strengthen the bond. Moreover, compromise helps us develop better problem-solving skills. We should embrace compromise 20 a means of personal growth and harmonious living. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 38分) 第一节(共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Technology is changing fast. Every year, there are some inventions that make our life so much easier, smarter. You’ll find the new technologies below are brilliant, and some of them are a little fun. A Scent-Based Alarm Clock $59 Who wants the noisy beeping of an alarm clock waking them up every morning and starting their day off on the wrong foot? We believe, nobody. This special alarm clock replaces that sharp sound with a calming melody-oh, and it can give off a pleasant smell. Think: freshly ground coffee, freshly mown grass, and the fresh scent of flowers. Voice-Activated Lights $70 About 50 percent of people in the United Kingdom admitted to keeping the lights on when they leave the house. The sad reality is that sometimes we forget to turn the lights off and other times, we’re just too lazy to walk over to the light switch. But there’s a simple solution: Voice-activated light switches. If you own a Google Assistant, then these automated lights will connect to your smart device so you can command them to dim, stay on for a specified period of time, or just turn off completely. A Mug with a Customizable Temperature $80 Drinking boiled hot coffee is no fun-it may burn your mouth. Luckily, one company has come up with a solution for liquids that are too hot for a long time. They designed a mug that allows you to choose your ideal liquid temperature, and their technology will maintain the temperature as you sip leisurely. The mug is so high-tech that you can even connect it to your phone and it will keep you updated on the status of the temperature. An Instant Voice Translator $85 Since many kinds of languages are spoken around the world, being bilingual is a valuable skill. Most of us don’t exactly have the time on our hands to learn that many languages, so the next-best thing is this device that will translate over 32 languages in real time. One person tested the device and stated that it is “simple and readily understood, with proper information on word synonyms.” 21．Which of the following can give off the pleasant smell? A．Voice-Activated Lights. B．A Scent-Based Alarm Clock. C．A Mug with a Customizable Temperature. D．An Instant Voice Translator. 22．From the passage, we know the Instant Voice Translator ______. A．can communicate with people B．can test a person’s language ability C．offers translation in many languages D．helps improve a person’s writing skills 23．We can probably read this passage from ______. A．a geography magazine B．a new technology website C．a biology textbook D．a health research report B As an educator and health care provider, I have worked with numerous children infected with the virus that causes AlDS. The relationships that I have had with these special kids have been gifts in my life. They have taught me so many things, but I have especially learned that great courage can be found in the smallest of packages. Let me tell you about Tyler. Tyler was born infected with HIV: his mother was also infected. From the very beginning of his life, he was dependent on medications (药物) to enable him to survive. When he was five, he had a tube inserted (插入) in a vein (静脉) in his chest. This tube was connected to a pump, which he carried in a small backpack on his back. Medications were linked to this pump and continuously supplied through this tube to his bloodstream. At times, he also needed supplemented (补充的) oxygen to support his breathing. Tyler wasn’t willing to give up one single moment of his childhood to this deadly disease. It was not unusual to find him playing and racing around his backyard, wearing his medicine-laden backpack and dragging his tank of oxygen behind him in his little wagon. All of us who knew Tyler were amazed at his pure joy in being alive and the energy it gave him. Tyler’s mom often teased him by telling him that he moved so fast that she needed to dress him in red. That way, when she peered through the window to check on him playing in the yard, she could quickly spot him. This dreaded disease eventually wore down even the likes of a little dynamo like Tyler. He grew quite ill and, unfortunately, so did his HIV-infected mother. When it became apparent that he wasn’t going to survive, Tyler’s mom talked to him about death. She comforted him by telling Tyler that she was dying too, and that she would be with him soon in heaven. A few days before his death, Tyler called me over to his hospital bed and whispered, “might die soon. I’m not scared. When I die, please dress me in red. Mom promised she’s coming to heaven, too. I’ll be playing when she gets there, and I want to make sure she can find me.” 24．Tyler had to wear his backpack so that ________ . A．his mother could recognize him in the crowd B．oxygen could be provided to support his breathing C．he could carry his favourite toys wherever he went D．its pump could supply medications to his bloodstream 25．We can learn from the passage that________. A．Tyler was very afraid of dying so soon B．Tyler gave up the chance to enjoy his childhood C．Tyler tried to enjoy his life though being badly ill D．Tyler couldn’t move freely with his medicine-laden backpack 26．From the passage, we can learn that Tyler is ________. A．courageous and optimistic B．confident and energetic C．enthusiastic and adventurous D．ambitious and passionate 27．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Gifts in my life B．Dress me in red C．Never give up D．Live with HIV C GOING TO UNIVERSITY is supposed to be a mind-broadening experience. That statement is probably made in comparison to training for work straight after school, which might not be so encouraging. But is it actually true? Jessika Golle of the University of Tübingen, in Germany, thought she would try to find out. Her result, however, is not quite what might be expected. As she reports in Psychological Science this week, she found that those who have been to university do indeed seem to leave with broader and more inquiring minds than those who have spent their immediate post-school years in vocational (职业的) training for work. However, it was not the case that university broadened minds. Rather, work seemed to narrow them. Dr. Golle came to this conclusion after she and a team of colleagues studied the early careers of 2,095 German youngsters. The team used two standardized tests to assess their volunteers. One was of personality traits, including openness, conscientiousness（认真）and so on. The other was of attitudes, such as realistic, investigative and enterprising. They administered both tests twice—once towards the end of each volunteer’s time at school, and then again six years later. Of the original group, 382 were on the intermediate track, from which there was a choice between the academic and vocational routes, and it was on these that the researchers focused. University beckoned for 212 of them. The remaining 170 chose vocational training and a job. When it came to the second round of tests, Dr. Golle found that the personalities of those who had gone to university had not changed significantly. Those who had undergone vocational training and then got jobs were not that much changed in personality, either—except in one crucial respect. They had become more conscientious. That sounds like a good thing, certainly compared with the common public image of undergraduates as a bunch of lazybones. But changes in attitude that the researchers recorded were rather worrying. In the university group, again, none were detectable. But those who had chosen the vocational route showed marked drops in interest in tasks that are investigative and enterprising in nature. And that might restrict their choice of careers. Some investigative and enterprising jobs, such as scientific research, are, indeed beyond the degreeless. But many, particularly in Germany, with its tradition of vocational training, are not. The researchers mention, for example, computer programmers and finance-sector workers as careers requiring these traits. If Dr. Golle is correct, and changes in attitude brought about by the very training Germany prides itself on are narrowing people’s choices, that is indeed a matter worthy of serious consideration. 28．Which of the following can best replace “beckoned for” in Paragraph 2? A．Examined. B．Attracted. C．Organized. D．Recognized. 29．What can we learn from the research? A．The degreeless have not changed in personalities. B．Going to university is a mind-broadening experience. C．Working straight after school narrows people’s minds. D．College students pride themselves on their education. 30．According to the last two paragraphs, . A．college students enjoy a very good public image B．the undergraduates have changed significantly in attitude C．the degreeless are much better at dealing with challenging tasks D．people show less interest in investigative jobs due to vocational training 31．What is the author’s attitude towards the finding? A．Concerned. B．Optimistic. C．Unclear. D．Sceptical. D A theme at this year’s World Economic Forum (WEF) meeting in Switzerland was the perceived need to “speed up breakthroughs in research and technology” Some of this framing was motivated by the climate emergency; some by the opportunities and challenges presented by generative artificial intelligence (AI). In various conversations, it seems to be taken for granted that to address the world’s problems, scientific research needs to move faster and break things. But what if the thing being broken is science? Or public trust? In recent years, we’ve seen important papers written by well-known scientists and published in influential journals were retracted (召回) because of questionable data or methods. In one notable case, Frances H. Arnold, who shared the 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, voluntarily retracted a paper when her lab was unable to replicate (复制) her results — but after the paper had been published. In an open apology, she stated that she was “a bit busy” when the paper was submitted and “did not do my job well”. Arnold’s honesty is admirable, but it raises a question; Are scholars at super competitive places such as Harvard, Stanford and Yale rushing to publish rather than taking the time to do their work right? It’s impossible to answer this question scientifically because there’s no scientific definition of “rushing”. But there’s little doubt that we live in a culture where academics at leading universities are under enormous pressure to produce results—and a lot of them—quickly. Formal research assessments have for years judged academic departments largely on the output quantity. The existing system has led to reduced motivation for excellence and innovation in academic research. A recent reform by academics within the field has urged for quality over quantity. Good science takes time. More than 50 years passed between the 1543 publication of Copernicus’s magnum opus (天体运行论), and the broad scientific acceptance of the heliocentric model of the universe. Nearly a century passed between biochemist Friedrich Miescher’s identification of the DNA and the clarification of its double-helix structure in the 1950s. And it took just about half a century for geologists and geophysicists to accept geophysicist Alfred Wegener’s idea of continental movement. Scientists and other scholars are pushing results out far faster than they used to. Consider the volume of academic papers being published these days. One recent study put the number at over seven million a year, compared with fewer than a million as recently as 1980. Another study found 265 academic authors—two thirds of whom were in the medical and life sciences—who published a paper every five days on average. Some of this growth is driven by more scientists and more co-authorship of papers, but the numbers also suggest that the research world has prioritized quantity over quality. Researchers may need to slow down—not speed up—if we are to produce trustworthy knowledge. 32．The author gives an example of Frances H. Arnold to show that ______. A．academic fields value honesty B．scientists lack time for research C．scholars tend to publish papers in a hurry D．laboratories fail to replicate scientific results 33．What can be inferred from the passage? A．AI and climate issues block research progress. B．Defining “rushing” boosts academic productivity. C．Identifying DNA is easier than clarifying its structure. D．Scholars have acknowledged the problem with academic evaluation. 34．According to the passage, what is the author’s opinion on scientific research? A．Research credibility is a top priority in science. B．More publications enhance researchers’ reputation. C．Studies in medical and life sciences are satisfactory. D．Co-authorship needs to be cancelled for reliable research. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Friendship is a cornerstone of human life, yet its importance is often underestimated. While we may feel an unlimited desire for connection, research indicates that our capacity for maintaining relationships is actually finite. 35 These studies have produced a wide range of estimates, from a few hundred to several thousand people. However, our core circle of trusted companions is significantly smaller, typically consisting of only 10 to 20 people. 36 This trend is concerning, as strong social bonds are strongly linked to better health and longer life. 37 Research offers practical guidance. Firstly, do not underestimate the value of casual acquaintances (熟人). In fact, these brief, positive interactions can already have a meaningful influence on our happiness. 38 A University of Kansas study quantified this, finding it takes approximately 50 hours to transition from acquaintance to casual friend, another 40 hours to become a “real” friend, and a total of 200 hours to form a close bond. If building new friendships from beginning seems challenging, reviving old relationships can be a highly rewarding alternative. Reconnecting with old friends allows for the quick revival of past trust. 39 As a more unconventional approach, appropriate self-disclosure can also foster closeness, as sharing personal thoughts often increases likability and strengthens bonds. The universal longing for connection suggests that many people are navigating life feeling isolated. The most straightforward step might be to simply reach out to someone around you. A．So, what can one do to enrich a limited social life? B．For those seeking deeper connections, investment of time is crucial. C．Moreover, this trusted circle seems to be shrinking in size over the years. D．At the same time, you gain new insights from each other’s recent life experiences. E．Social scientists have employed various methods to measure social network size. F．This method, though creative, might not accurately reflect the depth of these friendships. G．Therefore, making an effort to reconnect can be a highly efficient way to build a reliable friendship. 第三部分 书面表达(共两节, 32分) 第一节(共4小题; 第40、41题各2分, 第42题3分, 第43题5分, 共12分) 阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 When you have a big project to do, you should be totally focused — but that’s easier said than done. Whether a lack of personal interest is keeping you from committing or distractions are coming from someone or something else, it can be hard to get in the zone. That zone, according to one productivity theory, is called deep work. Deep work is a concept first defined by Cal Newport, who wrote, Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World. As he tells it, deep work is the ability to focus completely on a demanding task, without letting distraction get in your way. If you can master it, you’ll get more done in less time, become a master of your work, and ultimately end up feeling more fulfilled as a result. Newport draws a distinction between deep work and shallow work, or that which can be accomplished while you’re distracted. The difference between these is that deep work is for “cognitively demanding” tasks, whereas shallow work is the sort of work you do that prepares you to do deep work. Creating a project deck is deep work. Emailing colleagues to coordinate data for it is shallow work. If you’re having a hard time achieving deep work, Newport has some guidelines. The key is first sorting your work into deep and shallow categories. Determine which of your tasks are cognitively demanding and valuable and which are “logistical-style” and replicable. Next, plan to devote an hour or an hour and a half to deep- work tasks, then schedule it out so you have that time blocked off in your schedule. Finally, when the time comes to get into deep work, eliminate all your distractions. Signal that you’re busy, make sure you’re unavailable on the shared calendar, and put your phone on “do not disturb.” Don’t check emails, don’t talk to anyone, don’t look at your devices for anything but work, and commit to only working on your demanding task in the time you allotted for it. 40．What is deep work according to Cal Newport? 41．What is the difference between deep work and shallow work? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶To achieve deep work, we need to tell deep work from shallow work, spend more time on deep work and remove all distractions. 43．In what other way(s) can you boost deep work as a student?(In about 40 words) 第二节(20分) 44．假设你是李华。北京某旅行社正在招聘周末志愿者，为国内外游客提供帮助，你决定报名参加。请你用英文向该旅行社写一封自荐信，内容包括： 1. 年龄； 2. 性别； 3. 英语流利；熟悉北京; 乐于助人；性格随和。 注意：1. 词数在100左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir/ Madam,     I am writing to apply for the position of a volunteer. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第5页（共8页） 试题 第6页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第三册单元自测（北京专用） Unit 7·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：100分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分知识运用(共两节,30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分) 阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My Father’s Heart Surgery “Reese, can you come in here?” Mom’s words caused me to look over from the kitchen. My brain quickly 1 what the conversation could be about. It was rare for my parents to want to have any serious discussion with me. I walked over to the living room where my parents were seated. Mom carefully explained Dad needed open-heart surgery for a valve (瓣膜) problem. I stared at her, my heart pounding. Dad looked so healthy sitting there. The words reached my ears, but their 2 disappeared with the room’s silence. Dad and I had always gotten along well. He’s naturally caring and supportive. However, as I reached high school, I grew distant from him. It was my own 3 . His caring personality began to annoy me. He noticed my lack of effort and tried to ease the 4 between us. He 5 the relationship he once had with his little girl. The day of surgery arrived. During the long wait, I noticed the black-covered journal Dad had given us before his operation. My fingertips traced (轻抚) its edges 6 before I opened it. Inside were my father’s words—a month’s worth of journal entries, all of which were letters to me. I slowly turned the pages. Tears blurred (模糊) my vision as memories 7 my mind. I remembered how I had repeatedly 8 his invitations to go out to breakfast. After the surgery, we anxiously walked to his room. Dad was connected to numerous machines, but he was alive. I approached his bed and grasped his hand. Everything that had once bothered me seemed so 9 now. All that mattered was that we were together, and I had been given a second 10 . 1．A．ignored B．recorded C．analyzed D．recalled 2．A．effect B．response C．source D．meaning 3．A．choice B．right C．dream D．duty 4．A．tension B．attraction C．affection D．suspicion 5．A．looked into B．dealt with C．gave up D．longed for 6．A．carelessly B．hesitantly C．confidently D．eagerly 7．A．crossed B．slipped C．flooded D．changed 8．A．received B．offered C．declined D．accepted 9．A．urgent B．silly C．challenging D．capable 10．A．thought B．life C．plan D．chance 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述父亲因瓣膜问题需做心脏手术，作者翻看其术前日记，回忆起曾疏远父亲的过往，在父亲术后幡然醒悟，珍惜重拾父女亲情的第二次机会。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的大脑迅速分析这场谈话可能关乎什么。A. ignored忽视；B. recorded记录；C. analyzed分析；D. recalled回忆。根据下文“it was rare for my parents to want to have any serious discussion”可知，父母极少谈严肃话题，作者因此本能地琢磨谈话内容，analyzed符合“思考、推测”的语境。故选C项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：话语传到了我的耳朵里，但它们的意义却随着房间的寂静消失了。A. effect影响；B. response回应；C. source来源；D. meaning意义。根据上文“Dad needed open-heart surgery for a valve (瓣膜) problem”可知，作者因父亲要做心脏手术的消息震惊，一时无法理解这一事实的含义，meaning符合“难以领会话语背后的实质”的语境。故选D项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，上了高中后，我和他疏远了。这是我自己的选择。A. choice选择；B. right权利；C. dream梦想；D. duty责任。根据下文“His caring personality began to annoy me”可知，后文提到父亲的关心让作者厌烦，所以是作者主动与父亲疏远，choice体现“主动做出的决定”，符合语境。故选A项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他注意到我的疏远，试图缓解我们之间的紧张关系。A. tension紧张；B. attraction吸引；C. affection喜爱；D. suspicion怀疑。根据上文“I grew distant from him”可知，作者与父亲疏远，两人之间存在隔阂与紧张感，tension符合“关系不融洽的状态”，与ease搭配合理。故选A项。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他渴望找回曾经和他的小女儿之间的那种关系。A. looked into调查；B. dealt with处理；C. gave up放弃；D. longed for渴望。根据上文“tried to ease the 　4　between us”可知，父亲试图缓解紧张关系，说明他怀念过去亲密的父女关系，longed for符合“向往过往美好关系”的语境。故选D项。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我犹豫地用指尖轻抚着它的边缘，然后才打开它。A. carelessly粗心地；B. hesitantly犹豫地；C. confidently自信地；D. eagerly急切地。根据上文“I noticed the black-covered journal Dad had given us before his operation”可知，这本日记是父亲手术前留下的，作者既好奇又带着复杂情绪，打开前会犹豫，hesitantly符合“复杂心态下的动作”。故选B项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：泪水模糊了我的视线，回忆涌上心头。A. crossed穿过；B. slipped溜走；C. flooded涌入；D. changed改变。根据上文“I slowly turned the pages”可知，看到父亲的信，过往的记忆大量且快速地浮现，flooded体现“回忆密集涌现”的状态，符合语境。故选C项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想起了自己曾一次次拒绝他出去吃早餐的邀请。A. received收到；B. offered提供；C. declined拒绝；D. accepted接受。根据上文“I grew distant from him”可知，作者之前与父亲疏远，所以会拒绝父亲的亲近邀请，declined符合“疏远状态下的行为”，与前文“grew distant”呼应。故选C项。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：曾经困扰我的一切，现在看来都如此可笑。A. urgent紧急的；B. silly可笑的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. capable有能力的。根据上文“Dad was connected to numerous machines, but he was alive”可知，父亲手术成功后，作者意识到亲情的重要性，之前对父亲的厌烦变得毫无意义，silly符合“事后觉得之前的不满毫无价值”的语境。故选B项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：重要的是我们还在一起，而我也得到了第二次机会。A. thought想法；B. life生命；C. plan计划；D. chance机会。根据上文“I approached his bed and grasped his hand.”可知，作者之前疏远父亲，父亲手术让她有机会弥补，重新修复父女关系，chance符合“弥补过错、重建关系的契机”的语境。故选D项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 When Grace fell ill, her garden was drying up. Her neighbour, Lily, 11 (kind) stepped up and took over all the plant watering and weed pulling. When Grace recovered, she 12 (touch) by Lily’s kindness. They began gardening together, forming a close friendship. Their shared love for the garden connected them, showing how small acts of care build meaningful relationships. Over time, the garden, 13 (fill) with flowers they planted together, became a symbol of their bond. 【答案】11．kindly 12．was touched 13．filled 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Grace生病时，邻居Lily帮忙照料花园，Grace康复后两人开始一起打理花园，从而建立了深厚的友谊的故事。花园成为了她们友谊的象征，展示了小小的关怀如何能建立有意义的关系。 11．考查副词。句意：她的邻居Lily好心地站出来，承担了所有的植物浇水和除草工作。修饰动词stepped up，应用kind的副词形式kindly作状语，意为“好心地”。故填kindly。 12．考查时态语态及主谓一致。句意：Grace康复后，被Lily的善良所感动。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语，根据上文When Grace recovered可知，句子描述的是过去的情况，应用一般过去时，touch和主语she之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语she为第三人称单数，be动词应用was。故填was touched。 13．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间的推移，花园里种满了她们一起种的花，成为了她们友谊的象征。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词became，且无其它连词，所以fill应用非谓语动词形式，因其与逻辑主语the garden之间为被动关系，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填filled。 B 阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 “Sir, what does the saying ‘Isn’t it a delight to learn and constantly review things one has learned’ mean?” A fourth grader 14 (pose) this question to the virtual Confucius on the screen. The digital figure replied, “It means we need to constantly review 15 we have learned. By doing this, we gain new insights.” In this case, the AI teaching assistant provided students with an 16 (interact) learning experience. It’s not rare. Nowadays, the integration of AI and education 17 (change) the way schools are organized. 【答案】14．posed 15．what 16．interactive 17．is changing/has been changing 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人工智能与教育相结合，为学生提供互动学习体验，并改变了学校的组织方式。 14．考查时态。句意：“先生，‘学而时习之，不亦说乎’这句话是什么意思？”一名四年级学生向屏幕上的虚拟孔子提出了这个问题。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语，根据语境以及下文“The digital figure replied”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填posed。 15．考查宾语从句。句意：这个数字形象回答说：“它的意思是我们需要不断复习我们所学过的东西。通过这样做，我们获得了新的见解。”分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作review的宾语，从句缺少宾语，表示“所……的东西”，应用连接代词what来引导。故填what。 16．考查形容词。句意：在这种情况下，人工智能教学助手为学生提供了一种交互式的学习体验。修饰名词短语learning experience，应用interact的形容词形式interactive作定语，意为“交互式的；互动的”。故填interactive。 17．考查时态及主谓一致。句意：如今，人工智能与教育的融合正在改变学校的组织方式。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语，根据时间状语Nowadays可知，此处表示当前正在发生的动作，应用现在进行时，主语the integration of AI and education为单数形式，be动词应用is。此外，也可用现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，可能仍然要继续下去，助动词用has。故填is changing/has been changing。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Conflict is part of our life and can occur in various settings. When left unaddressed, it can cause stress and damage relationships. One of the most effective approaches to dealing with conflict is through compromise. Compromise is the act of each party giving up something 18 (reach) an agreement. By compromising, we show respect for the other’s feelings and needs, 19 can strengthen the bond. Moreover, compromise helps us develop better problem-solving skills. We should embrace compromise 20 a means of personal growth and harmonious living. 【答案】18．to reach 19．which 20．as 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了冲突是生活的一部分，而妥协是解决冲突的有效方法之一，妥协有助于加强关系、提升解决问题的能力，是个人成长和和谐生活的一种方式。 18．考查非谓语动词。句意：妥协是各方为达成协议而放弃某些东西的行为。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词is，所以reach应用非谓语动词形式，根据句意可知，此处表示“为了达成协议”，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to reach。 19．考查定语从句。句意：通过妥协，我们表现出对对方感受和需求的尊重，这可以加强我们之间的联系。空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前面的整个句子，在从句中作主语，应用which引导从句。故填which。 20．考查介词。句意：我们应该把妥协视为个人成长与和谐生活的一种方式。根据句意可知，此处表示“作为……；视为……”，应用介词as。故填as。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 38分) 第一节(共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Technology is changing fast. Every year, there are some inventions that make our life so much easier, smarter. You’ll find the new technologies below are brilliant, and some of them are a little fun. A Scent-Based Alarm Clock $59 Who wants the noisy beeping of an alarm clock waking them up every morning and starting their day off on the wrong foot? We believe, nobody. This special alarm clock replaces that sharp sound with a calming melody-oh, and it can give off a pleasant smell. Think: freshly ground coffee, freshly mown grass, and the fresh scent of flowers. Voice-Activated Lights $70 About 50 percent of people in the United Kingdom admitted to keeping the lights on when they leave the house. The sad reality is that sometimes we forget to turn the lights off and other times, we’re just too lazy to walk over to the light switch. But there’s a simple solution: Voice-activated light switches. If you own a Google Assistant, then these automated lights will connect to your smart device so you can command them to dim, stay on for a specified period of time, or just turn off completely. A Mug with a Customizable Temperature $80 Drinking boiled hot coffee is no fun-it may burn your mouth. Luckily, one company has come up with a solution for liquids that are too hot for a long time. They designed a mug that allows you to choose your ideal liquid temperature, and their technology will maintain the temperature as you sip leisurely. The mug is so high-tech that you can even connect it to your phone and it will keep you updated on the status of the temperature. An Instant Voice Translator $85 Since many kinds of languages are spoken around the world, being bilingual is a valuable skill. Most of us don’t exactly have the time on our hands to learn that many languages, so the next-best thing is this device that will translate over 32 languages in real time. One person tested the device and stated that it is “simple and readily understood, with proper information on word synonyms.” 21．Which of the following can give off the pleasant smell? A．Voice-Activated Lights. B．A Scent-Based Alarm Clock. C．A Mug with a Customizable Temperature. D．An Instant Voice Translator. 22．From the passage, we know the Instant Voice Translator ______. A．can communicate with people B．can test a person’s language ability C．offers translation in many languages D．helps improve a person’s writing skills 23．We can probably read this passage from ______. A．a geography magazine B．a new technology website C．a biology textbook D．a health research report 【答案】21．B 22．C 23．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了几种新的科技产品，包括基于气味的闹钟、声控灯、可定制温度的马克杯和即时语音翻译器。 21．细节理解题。根据A Scent-Based Alarm Clock $59部分“This special alarm clock replaces that sharp sound with a calming melody-oh, and it can give off a pleasant smell. Think: freshly ground coffee, freshly mown grass, and the fresh scent of flowers.(这种特殊的闹钟用舒缓的旋律代替了刺耳的声音，而且它能散发出宜人的气味。想想看：现磨的咖啡、刚割过的草和鲜花的清香。)”可知，基于气味的闹钟可以散发出宜人的气味。故选B。 22．细节理解题。根据An Instant Voice Translator $85部分“Most of us don’t exactly have the time on our hands to learn that many languages, so the next-best thing is this device that will translate over 32 languages in real time.(我们大多数人都没有时间学习那么多语言，所以下一个最好的选择就是这款能实时翻译32种以上语言的设备。)”可知，即时语音翻译器提供多种语言的翻译。故选C。 23．推理判断题。根据第一段“Technology is changing fast. Every year, there are some inventions that make our life so much easier, smarter. You’ll find the new technologies below are brilliant, and some of them are a little fun.(技术变化很快。每年都有一些发明让我们的生活变得更加轻松、更加智能。你会发现下面的新技术都很棒，其中一些还很有趣。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一些新技术，所以这篇文章可能来自一个新技术网站。故选B。 B As an educator and health care provider, I have worked with numerous children infected with the virus that causes AlDS. The relationships that I have had with these special kids have been gifts in my life. They have taught me so many things, but I have especially learned that great courage can be found in the smallest of packages. Let me tell you about Tyler. Tyler was born infected with HIV: his mother was also infected. From the very beginning of his life, he was dependent on medications (药物) to enable him to survive. When he was five, he had a tube inserted (插入) in a vein (静脉) in his chest. This tube was connected to a pump, which he carried in a small backpack on his back. Medications were linked to this pump and continuously supplied through this tube to his bloodstream. At times, he also needed supplemented (补充的) oxygen to support his breathing. Tyler wasn’t willing to give up one single moment of his childhood to this deadly disease. It was not unusual to find him playing and racing around his backyard, wearing his medicine-laden backpack and dragging his tank of oxygen behind him in his little wagon. All of us who knew Tyler were amazed at his pure joy in being alive and the energy it gave him. Tyler’s mom often teased him by telling him that he moved so fast that she needed to dress him in red. That way, when she peered through the window to check on him playing in the yard, she could quickly spot him. This dreaded disease eventually wore down even the likes of a little dynamo like Tyler. He grew quite ill and, unfortunately, so did his HIV-infected mother. When it became apparent that he wasn’t going to survive, Tyler’s mom talked to him about death. She comforted him by telling Tyler that she was dying too, and that she would be with him soon in heaven. A few days before his death, Tyler called me over to his hospital bed and whispered, “might die soon. I’m not scared. When I die, please dress me in red. Mom promised she’s coming to heaven, too. I’ll be playing when she gets there, and I want to make sure she can find me.” 24．Tyler had to wear his backpack so that ________ . A．his mother could recognize him in the crowd B．oxygen could be provided to support his breathing C．he could carry his favourite toys wherever he went D．its pump could supply medications to his bloodstream 25．We can learn from the passage that________. A．Tyler was very afraid of dying so soon B．Tyler gave up the chance to enjoy his childhood C．Tyler tried to enjoy his life though being badly ill D．Tyler couldn’t move freely with his medicine-laden backpack 26．From the passage, we can learn that Tyler is ________. A．courageous and optimistic B．confident and energetic C．enthusiastic and adventurous D．ambitious and passionate 27．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Gifts in my life B．Dress me in red C．Never give up D．Live with HIV 【答案】24．D 25．C 26．A 27．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作为一名教育工作者和卫生保健提供者，我与许多感染了艾滋病儿童一起工作，他们教会了我很多东西，重点讲述了泰勒的故事，让我明白了勇气与乐观。 24．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“This tube was connected to a pump, which he carried in a small backpack on his back. Medications were linked to this pump and continuously supplied through this tube to his bloodstream.”（这根管子连接着一个泵，他把泵装在背上的一个小背包里。药物被连接在这个泵上，并通过这个管道持续输送到他的血液中。）可知，泰勒不得不背包的原因是它的泵可以为他的血液提供药物（its pump could supply medications to his bloodstream）。故选D项。 25．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Tyler wasn’t willing to give up one single moment of his childhood to this deadly disease. It was not unusual to find him playing and racing around his backyard, wearing his medicine-laden backpack and dragging his tank of oxygen behind him in his little wagon. All of us who knew Tyler were amazed at his pure joy in being alive and the energy it gave him.”（泰勒不愿意让这种致命的疾病夺走他童年的任何一分一秒。经常可以看到他背着装满药物的背包，用小马车拖着氧气罐在后院玩耍和比赛。我们所有认识泰勒的人都惊讶于他活着时的纯粹快乐和快乐给他的能量。）可知，尽管泰勒病得很重，但仍然努力享受生活（Tyler tried to enjoy his life though being badly ill）。故选C项。 26．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“I’m not scared. When I die, please dress me in red. Mom promised she’s coming to heaven, too. I’ll be playing when she gets there, and I want to make sure she can find me.”（我不害怕。我死后，请给我穿上红色的衣服。妈妈说她也会去天堂的。她来的时候我正在玩，我想确保她能找到我。）可知，泰勒是一个面对死亡毫不畏惧，且非常乐观的人（courageous and optimistic）。故选A项。 27．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段中“Tyler’s mom often teased him by telling him that he moved so fast that she needed to dress him in red.”（泰勒的妈妈经常取笑他，说他动作太快了，她得给他穿上红色衣服。）以及最后一段中“When I die, please dress me in red.”（我死后，请给我穿上红色的衣服。）结合全文可知，文章围绕艾滋病患者泰勒展开，他玩耍时总穿红色的衣服（Dress me in red）。故选B项。 C GOING TO UNIVERSITY is supposed to be a mind-broadening experience. That statement is probably made in comparison to training for work straight after school, which might not be so encouraging. But is it actually true? Jessika Golle of the University of Tübingen, in Germany, thought she would try to find out. Her result, however, is not quite what might be expected. As she reports in Psychological Science this week, she found that those who have been to university do indeed seem to leave with broader and more inquiring minds than those who have spent their immediate post-school years in vocational (职业的) training for work. However, it was not the case that university broadened minds. Rather, work seemed to narrow them. Dr. Golle came to this conclusion after she and a team of colleagues studied the early careers of 2,095 German youngsters. The team used two standardized tests to assess their volunteers. One was of personality traits, including openness, conscientiousness（认真）and so on. The other was of attitudes, such as realistic, investigative and enterprising. They administered both tests twice—once towards the end of each volunteer’s time at school, and then again six years later. Of the original group, 382 were on the intermediate track, from which there was a choice between the academic and vocational routes, and it was on these that the researchers focused. University beckoned for 212 of them. The remaining 170 chose vocational training and a job. When it came to the second round of tests, Dr. Golle found that the personalities of those who had gone to university had not changed significantly. Those who had undergone vocational training and then got jobs were not that much changed in personality, either—except in one crucial respect. They had become more conscientious. That sounds like a good thing, certainly compared with the common public image of undergraduates as a bunch of lazybones. But changes in attitude that the researchers recorded were rather worrying. In the university group, again, none were detectable. But those who had chosen the vocational route showed marked drops in interest in tasks that are investigative and enterprising in nature. And that might restrict their choice of careers. Some investigative and enterprising jobs, such as scientific research, are, indeed beyond the degreeless. But many, particularly in Germany, with its tradition of vocational training, are not. The researchers mention, for example, computer programmers and finance-sector workers as careers requiring these traits. If Dr. Golle is correct, and changes in attitude brought about by the very training Germany prides itself on are narrowing people’s choices, that is indeed a matter worthy of serious consideration. 28．Which of the following can best replace “beckoned for” in Paragraph 2? A．Examined. B．Attracted. C．Organized. D．Recognized. 29．What can we learn from the research? A．The degreeless have not changed in personalities. B．Going to university is a mind-broadening experience. C．Working straight after school narrows people’s minds. D．College students pride themselves on their education. 30．According to the last two paragraphs, . A．college students enjoy a very good public image B．the undergraduates have changed significantly in attitude C．the degreeless are much better at dealing with challenging tasks D．people show less interest in investigative jobs due to vocational training 31．What is the author’s attitude towards the finding? A．Concerned. B．Optimistic. C．Unclear. D．Sceptical. 【答案】28．B 29．C 30．D 31．A 【分析】本文是一篇社会类短文阅读。德国蒂宾根大学的Jessika Golle通过对比调查上大学和参加职业培训的两组人之间在个性特征和态度方面的差别，指出选择职业路线的人在调查性和进取性的任务上表现出明显的兴趣下降，而这可能会限制他们选择职业。而德国有悠久的职业培训历史，如果这一发现是正确的，那么由于培训而带来态度上的变化缩小了人们的选择，这确实是一个值得认真考虑的问题。 28．词义猜测题。根据文章第二段Of the original group, 382 were on the intermediate track, from which there was a choice between the academic and vocational routes, and it was on these that the researchers focused. University beckoned for 212 of them. The remaining 170 chose vocational training and a job.可知，原始组中有382人就读中等学校，这些人是研究人员重点关注的对象。其中212名被大学录取，剩下的170人选择职业培训或参加工作。根据后句The remaining 170 chose vocational training and a job.从而可以猜测出beckoned for为“召唤；吸引”之意。故选B。 29．细节理解题。根据文章第一段As she reports in Psychological Science this week,she found that those who have been to university do indeed seem to leave with broader and more inquiring minds than those who have spent their immediate post-school years in vocational training for work.However, it was not the case that university broadened minds. Rather, work seemed to narrow them.可知，本周她在《心理科学》的报告称，她发现和那些离校后马上进行职业训练的人相比，那些读过大学的人看起来确实在毕业后有更加开阔的探索性的思维。但大学能够开阔思维，其实并非如此。而是工作似乎会使思维狭隘。故选C。 30．推理判断题。根据文章最后两段，尤其倒数第二段中But those who had chosen the vocational route showed marked drops in interest in tasks that are investigative and enterprising in nature.可知，但是那些选择职业培训的人，他们对调查型和进取性任务的兴趣明显下降，从而可以推断出由于职业培训，人们对调查性工作的兴趣降低。故选D。 31．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段If Dr. Golle is correct, and changes in attitude brought about by the very training Germany prides itself on are narrowing people’s choices, that is indeed a matter worthy of serious consideration.可知，如果Golle的结论正确，并且由于培训（德国人以此为傲）而带来态度上的变化缩小了人们的选择，这确实是一个值得认真考虑的问题，可以推断出，作者对这一发现持关注的态度。故选A。 【点睛】推断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。例如小题4，就是根据文章最后一段If Dr. Golle is correct, and changes in attitude brought about by the very training Germany prides itself on are narrowing people’s choices, that is indeed a matter worthy of serious consideration.中的关键词a matter worthy of serious consideration（一个值得认真考虑的问题）可以推断出，作者对这一发现持关注的态度，从而可以推断出答案。 D A theme at this year’s World Economic Forum (WEF) meeting in Switzerland was the perceived need to “speed up breakthroughs in research and technology” Some of this framing was motivated by the climate emergency; some by the opportunities and challenges presented by generative artificial intelligence (AI). In various conversations, it seems to be taken for granted that to address the world’s problems, scientific research needs to move faster and break things. But what if the thing being broken is science? Or public trust? In recent years, we’ve seen important papers written by well-known scientists and published in influential journals were retracted (召回) because of questionable data or methods. In one notable case, Frances H. Arnold, who shared the 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, voluntarily retracted a paper when her lab was unable to replicate (复制) her results — but after the paper had been published. In an open apology, she stated that she was “a bit busy” when the paper was submitted and “did not do my job well”. Arnold’s honesty is admirable, but it raises a question; Are scholars at super competitive places such as Harvard, Stanford and Yale rushing to publish rather than taking the time to do their work right? It’s impossible to answer this question scientifically because there’s no scientific definition of “rushing”. But there’s little doubt that we live in a culture where academics at leading universities are under enormous pressure to produce results—and a lot of them—quickly. Formal research assessments have for years judged academic departments largely on the output quantity. The existing system has led to reduced motivation for excellence and innovation in academic research. A recent reform by academics within the field has urged for quality over quantity. Good science takes time. More than 50 years passed between the 1543 publication of Copernicus’s magnum opus (天体运行论), and the broad scientific acceptance of the heliocentric model of the universe. Nearly a century passed between biochemist Friedrich Miescher’s identification of the DNA and the clarification of its double-helix structure in the 1950s. And it took just about half a century for geologists and geophysicists to accept geophysicist Alfred Wegener’s idea of continental movement. Scientists and other scholars are pushing results out far faster than they used to. Consider the volume of academic papers being published these days. One recent study put the number at over seven million a year, compared with fewer than a million as recently as 1980. Another study found 265 academic authors—two thirds of whom were in the medical and life sciences—who published a paper every five days on average. Some of this growth is driven by more scientists and more co-authorship of papers, but the numbers also suggest that the research world has prioritized quantity over quality. Researchers may need to slow down—not speed up—if we are to produce trustworthy knowledge. 32．The author gives an example of Frances H. Arnold to show that ______. A．academic fields value honesty B．scientists lack time for research C．scholars tend to publish papers in a hurry D．laboratories fail to replicate scientific results 33．What can be inferred from the passage? A．AI and climate issues block research progress. B．Defining “rushing” boosts academic productivity. C．Identifying DNA is easier than clarifying its structure. D．Scholars have acknowledged the problem with academic evaluation. 34．According to the passage, what is the author’s opinion on scientific research? A．Research credibility is a top priority in science. B．More publications enhance researchers’ reputation. C．Studies in medical and life sciences are satisfactory. D．Co-authorship needs to be cancelled for reliable research. 【答案】32．C 33．D 34．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今科学研究存在急于发表论文，过于注重数量导致了很多问题。 32．推理判断题。根据第二段“Arnold’s honesty is admirable, but it raises a question; Are scholars at super competitive places such as Harvard, Stanford and Yale rushing to publish rather than taking the time to do their work right?(Arnold的诚实令人钦佩，但这也引发了一个问题；哈佛、斯坦福和耶鲁等竞争激烈的大学的学者们是不是急于发表论文，而不是花时间做好自己的工作？)”可知，作者以Frances H. Arnold为例，说明学者往往急于发表论文。故选C。 33．推理判断题。根据第四段“Formal research assessments have for years judged academic departments largely on the output quantity. The existing system has led to reduced motivation for excellence and innovation in academic research. A recent reform by academics within the field has urged for quality over quantity.(多年来，正式的研究评估主要是根据产出数量来判断学术部门。现有的体制导致学术研究追求卓越和创新的动力减弱。该领域的学者最近进行了一项改革，呼吁重质轻量)”可知，学者们已经承认了学术评估的问题。故选D。 34．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Some of this growth is driven by more scientists and more co-authorship of papers, but the numbers also suggest that the research world has prioritized quantity over quality. Researchers may need to slow down—not speed up—if we are to produce trustworthy knowledge.(这一增长部分是由更多的科学家和更多的论文合著者推动的，但这些数字也表明，研究界更看重数量而不是质量。如果我们想要获得值得信赖的知识，研究人员可能需要放慢速度，而不是加快速度)”可知，作者对科学研究的看法是研究可信度是科学领域的头等大事。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Friendship is a cornerstone of human life, yet its importance is often underestimated. While we may feel an unlimited desire for connection, research indicates that our capacity for maintaining relationships is actually finite. 35 These studies have produced a wide range of estimates, from a few hundred to several thousand people. However, our core circle of trusted companions is significantly smaller, typically consisting of only 10 to 20 people. 36 This trend is concerning, as strong social bonds are strongly linked to better health and longer life. 37 Research offers practical guidance. Firstly, do not underestimate the value of casual acquaintances (熟人). In fact, these brief, positive interactions can already have a meaningful influence on our happiness. 38 A University of Kansas study quantified this, finding it takes approximately 50 hours to transition from acquaintance to casual friend, another 40 hours to become a “real” friend, and a total of 200 hours to form a close bond. If building new friendships from beginning seems challenging, reviving old relationships can be a highly rewarding alternative. Reconnecting with old friends allows for the quick revival of past trust. 39 As a more unconventional approach, appropriate self-disclosure can also foster closeness, as sharing personal thoughts often increases likability and strengthens bonds. The universal longing for connection suggests that many people are navigating life feeling isolated. The most straightforward step might be to simply reach out to someone around you. A．So, what can one do to enrich a limited social life? B．For those seeking deeper connections, investment of time is crucial. C．Moreover, this trusted circle seems to be shrinking in size over the years. D．At the same time, you gain new insights from each other’s recent life experiences. E．Social scientists have employed various methods to measure social network size. F．This method, though creative, might not accurately reflect the depth of these friendships. G．Therefore, making an effort to reconnect can be a highly efficient way to build a reliable friendship. 【答案】35．E 36．C 37．A 38．B 39．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了友谊的重要性、社交圈子的有限性以及如何丰富有限的社交生活。 35．根据下文“These studies have produced a wide range of estimates, from a few hundred to several thousand people.(这些研究得出了从几百到几千人的各种估计。)”可知，下文出现“These studies”，说明空处必须先提到研究。E 选项“Social scientists have employed various methods to measure social network size.(社会科学家用各种方法来测量社交网络的大小)”中Social scientists、various methods，正好对应下文的These studies。故选E。 36．根据上文“However, our core circle of trusted companions is significantly smaller, typically consisting of only 10 to 20 people.(然而，我们核心的信任圈子其实很小，通常只有10到20人。)”和下文“This trend is concerning, as strong social bonds are strongly linked to better health and longer life.(这种趋势令人担忧，因为牢固的社会关系与更好的健康和更长的寿命密切相关。)”可知，下文有 This trend，说明空处必须出现“某种趋势”。C选项“Moreover, this trusted circle seems to be shrinking in size over the years.(而且，这个信任圈子这些年似乎在变小。)”中的this trusted circle指代上文的 core circle of trusted companions；is shrinking in size over the years就是后一句说的This trend。Moreover 表示递进：上文说 “圈子小”，空处说“而且还在变小”，逻辑通顺。故选C。 37．根据上文“This trend is concerning, as strong social bonds are strongly linked to better health and longer life.(这种趋势令人担忧，因为牢固的社会关系与更好的健康和更长的寿命密切相关。)”和下文“Research offers practical guidance.(研究提供了一些实用的指导。)”可知，上文讲完“圈子在变小，这很令人担忧”，下文开始讲“研究提供指导”，中间需要一个承上启下的问题句，把话题从“问题”转向“解决办法”。A 选项“So, what can one do to enrich a limited social life?(那么，一个人可以做些什么来丰富有限的社交生活呢？)”中的So承接上文的担忧，引出下文的“怎么办”。“what can one do”正好对应下文的 “practical guidance”。故选A。 38．根据上文“Firstly, do not underestimate the value of casual acquaintances. In fact, these brief, positive interactions can already have a meaningful influence on our happiness.(首先，不要低估点头之交的价值。事实上，这些短暂而积极的互动已经能对我们的幸福感产生有意义的影响。)”和下文“A University of Kansas study quantified this, finding it takes approximately 50 hours to transition from acquaintance to casual friend, another 40 hours to become a “real” friend, and a total of 200 hours to form a close bond.(堪萨斯大学的一项研究对此进行了量化，发现从熟人到普通朋友大约需要50小时，再到“真正的朋友”还要40小时，而形成亲密关系总共需要 200 小时。)”可知，下文在讲“需要多少小时”，说明空处应该在讲“时间投入很重要”。B选项“For those seeking deeper connections, investment of time is crucial.(对于那些寻求更深层次关系的人来说，时间投入是至关重要的。)”中investment of time对应下文的50 hours/another 40 hours/200 hours。故选B。 39．根据上文“Reconnecting with old friends allows for the quick revival of past trust.(与老朋友重新联系可以迅速恢复过去的信任。)”和下文“As a more unconventional approach, appropriate self-disclosure can also foster closeness, as sharing personal thoughts often increases likability and strengthens bonds.( 作为一种相对不那么传统的方式，适度的自我表露也能增进亲密感，因为分享个人想法往往会提升别人对你的好感，并加深彼此之间的联系。)”可知，上文提到和老朋友重新联系的好处之一是恢复信任，空处应该继续讲另一个好处，形成并列。D选项“At the same time, you gain new insights from each other’s recent life experiences.(同时，你们可以从彼此最近的生活经历中获得新的见解。)”中At the same time表示并列，和上文“恢复信任”一起，说明“重新联系的两个好处”。故选D。 第三部分 书面表达(共两节, 32分) 第一节(共4小题; 第40、41题各2分, 第42题3分, 第43题5分, 共12分) 阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 When you have a big project to do, you should be totally focused — but that’s easier said than done. Whether a lack of personal interest is keeping you from committing or distractions are coming from someone or something else, it can be hard to get in the zone. That zone, according to one productivity theory, is called deep work. Deep work is a concept first defined by Cal Newport, who wrote, Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World. As he tells it, deep work is the ability to focus completely on a demanding task, without letting distraction get in your way. If you can master it, you’ll get more done in less time, become a master of your work, and ultimately end up feeling more fulfilled as a result. Newport draws a distinction between deep work and shallow work, or that which can be accomplished while you’re distracted. The difference between these is that deep work is for “cognitively demanding” tasks, whereas shallow work is the sort of work you do that prepares you to do deep work. Creating a project deck is deep work. Emailing colleagues to coordinate data for it is shallow work. If you’re having a hard time achieving deep work, Newport has some guidelines. The key is first sorting your work into deep and shallow categories. Determine which of your tasks are cognitively demanding and valuable and which are “logistical-style” and replicable. Next, plan to devote an hour or an hour and a half to deep- work tasks, then schedule it out so you have that time blocked off in your schedule. Finally, when the time comes to get into deep work, eliminate all your distractions. Signal that you’re busy, make sure you’re unavailable on the shared calendar, and put your phone on “do not disturb.” Don’t check emails, don’t talk to anyone, don’t look at your devices for anything but work, and commit to only working on your demanding task in the time you allotted for it. 40．What is deep work according to Cal Newport? 41．What is the difference between deep work and shallow work? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶To achieve deep work, we need to tell deep work from shallow work, spend more time on deep work and remove all distractions. 43．In what other way(s) can you boost deep work as a student?(In about 40 words) 【答案】40．Deep work is the ability to focus completely on a demanding task, without letting distraction get in your way. 41．Deep work is for “cognitively demanding” tasks, whereas shallow work is the sort of work you do that prepares you to do deep work. 或 Deep work is cognitively demanding and valuable, while shallow work is “logistical-style” and replicable. 42．To achieve deep work, we need to tell deep work from shallow work, spend more time on deep work and remove all distractions. According to the passage, we need to plan to devote an hour or an hour and a half to deep-work tasks. 43．【Possible Version 1: 回答2个ways】 First, I would use a timer to schedule 25- minute blocks of pure deep work, followed by short breaks, which systematically strengthens my focus endurance. Second, I would tackle my most demanding task at my daily peak — early morning — when my mind is freshest, safeguarding this prime time for intense concentration rather than shallow work.(54 words) 【Possible Version 2: 回答1个 way】 I would establish a“ focus ritual” that combines environmental and mental preparation by clearing my desk, setting a clear goal for each session, and spending two minutes in quiet breathing to center my attention. Repeating this before every study block conditions my mind to transition into high concentration, which makes deep work a reliable habit.(55 words) 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“深度工作”这一概念及其与“浅层工作”的区别，并给出了实现深度工作的建议。 40．考查细节理解。根据第二段“As he tells it, deep work is the ability to focus completely on a demanding task, without letting distraction get in your way.(正如他所说，深度工作是指能够完全专注于一项要求苛刻的任务，而不让干扰分散你的注意力。)”可知，深度工作是指能够完全专注于一项要求苛刻的任务，而不让干扰分散注意力的能力。故答案是：Deep work is the ability to focus completely on a demanding task, without letting distraction get in your way.。 41．考查细节理解。根据第三段“The difference between these is that deep work is for “cognitively demanding” tasks, whereas shallow work is the sort of work you do that prepares you to do deep work.(这两者的区别在于，深度工作适用于“认知要求高”的任务，而浅层工作则是你为进行深度工作所做的准备工作。)”可知，深度工作适用于“认知要求高”的任务，而浅层工作则是你为进行深度工作所做的准备工作。或者也可以说，深度工作是认知要求高且有价值的，而浅层工作是“后勤式”且可复制的。故答案是：Deep work is for “cognitively demanding” tasks, whereas shallow work is the sort of work you do that prepares you to do deep work.或Deep work is cognitively demanding and valuable, while shallow work is “logistical-style” and replicable.。 42．考查细节理解。根据第四段“Next, plan to devote an hour or an hour and a half to deep- work tasks, then schedule it out so you have that time blocked off in your schedule.(接下来，计划花一个小时或一个半小时在深度工作任务上，然后安排好时间，这样你就可以在日程安排中留出这段时间。)”可知，“spend more time on deep work”这部分是错误的，因为原文建议我们计划花一个小时或一个半小时在深度工作上，而不是花更多的时间。因此，本小题应划线的部分为：spend more time on deep work；原因解释为：According to the passage, we need to plan to devote an hour or an hour and a half to deep- work tasks.。故答案是：To achieve deep work, we need to tell deep work from shallow work, spend more time on deep work and remove all distractions. According to the passage, we need to plan to devote an hour or an hour and a half to deep- work tasks. 43．考查开放性试题。作为学生，提高深度工作能力的方法有很多，以下给出两个版本供参考：版本一：首先，我会使用计时器来安排25分钟的纯深度工作时间块，然后进行短暂的休息，这样可以系统地增强我的专注力耐力。其次，我会在每天精力最充沛的时候——早上——处理我最具挑战性的任务，保护这段黄金时间用于深度集中注意力，而不是浅层工作。版本二：我会建立一个“专注仪式”，结合环境和心理准备，清理我的书桌，为每个学习时段设定一个明确的目标，并花两分钟安静地呼吸来集中注意力。在每次学习前重复这个仪式，可以训练我的大脑过渡到高度集中的状态，使深度工作成为一种可靠的习惯。故答案是：【Possible Version 1: 回答2个ways】First, I would use a timer to schedule 25- minute blocks of pure deep work, followed by short breaks, which systematically strengthens my focus endurance. Second, I would tackle my most demanding task at my daily peak — early morning — when my mind is freshest, safeguarding this prime time for intense concentration rather than shallow work. (54 words) 【Possible Version 2: 回答1个 way】I would establish a “focus ritual” that combines environmental and mental preparation by clearing my desk, setting a clear goal for each session, and spending two minutes in quiet breathing to center my attention. Repeating this before every study block conditions my mind to transition into high concentration, which makes deep work a reliable habit. (55 words)。 第二节(20分) 44．假设你是李华。北京某旅行社正在招聘周末志愿者，为国内外游客提供帮助，你决定报名参加。请你用英文向该旅行社写一封自荐信，内容包括： 1. 年龄； 2. 性别； 3. 英语流利；熟悉北京; 乐于助人；性格随和。 注意：1. 词数在100左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir/ Madam,     I am writing to apply for the position of a volunteer. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir/ Madam, I am writing to apply for the position of a volunteer. I am a 16-year-old boy, the president of the students’ union in Hongxing senior high School. You will find me to be responsible, kind-hearted and easy-going, and I believe I am qualified for the position. In addition to the required courses that I have learned at school, I also have taken part in the English speech contest held by CCTV and got the first place. Therefore, I can communicate with foreign visitors in English fluently. What’s more, I have similar experiences before and I worked in National Museum as a volunteer. As a native, I am familiar with the places of interests in Beijing, which ensures that I am capable of showing foreign visitors around Beijing. I believe my abilities and experience definitely meet your qualifications. I would appreciate it if you could offer me the opportunity. Thank you for your consideration. Look forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。北京某旅行社正在招聘周末志愿者为国内外游客提供帮助，要求考生用英文向该旅行社写一封自荐信。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 职位：position → post 参加：take part in → participate in 因此：therefore → thus 机会：opportunity → chance 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I am a 16-year-old boy, the president of the students’ union in Hongxing senior high School. 拓展句：I am a 16-year-old boy, who is the president of the students’ union in Hongxing senior high School. 【点睛】【高分句型1】In addition to the required courses that I have learned at school, I also have taken part in the English speech contest held by CCTV and got the first place. (运用了that引导的限定性定语从句) 【高分句型2】As a native, I am familiar with the places of interests in Beijing, which ensures that I am capable of showing foreign visitors around Beijing. (运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $