教材原文助读5-【优学精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册教用课件(外研版)

Unit 3　War and peace 教材原文助读5　 ①landing ['lændIŋ]n.[C](军队的)登陆；着陆；降落 ②rage [reIdʒ]vi.(战斗、争论)激烈进行；(风暴)肆虐 ③Allied troops盟军部队 ④in large numbers大量地 ⑤a top-secret operation绝密行动 ⑥set vt.安排；确定 set a date for为……确定日期 [第一部分　教材助读] ⑦issue vt.宣布，公布，发出 issue sth.(to sb.)(向某人)宣布某事 ⑧read vi. [熟词生义]写着(to have sth.written on it) ⑨battle-hardened adj.身经百战的 ⑩tide [taId]n.[熟词生义] [C，usually sing.] 趋势；动向 the tide turned/turn the tide [习语]扭转局面，改变形势　 [第一部分　教材助读] ⑪have full confidence in 在……方面信心十足 ⑫devotion to duty忠于职守 ⑬nothing less than(用于强调，表示事情让人吃惊或重要)简直，全然；完全是 ⑭ring in one's ears/head 回荡在耳边，留在记忆中 ⑮at dawn 拂晓时分 [反义词]at dusk黄昏时分 [第一部分　教材助读] ⑯behind enemy lines 敌人后方　 line n．[熟词生义] [C]防线，前线，战线 ⑰more [熟词生义] adv.再；另外 ⑱journey [熟词生义] vi.(尤指长途)旅行 ⑲fighter plane 战斗机 ⑳objective [əb'dʒektIv] n．[C]目的，目标 ㉑coastline ['kəʊstlaIn] n.海岸线 [第一部分　教材助读] ㉒in the depths of 在(坏情绪或坏情况)最强烈的时候，最糟糕的时候 ㉓horror ['hɒrə] n．[C]令人惊恐的事；[U]恐惧，震惊，惊恐 ㉔drown [draʊn] v．(使)淹死 ㉕make it到达；成功 ㉖gunfire ['ɡʌnfaIə] n．炮火 ㉗amongst [ə'mʌŋst] prep.在……当中(＝among) [第一部分　教材助读] ㉘tank [tæŋk] n．坦克 ㉙recall [rI'kɔːl] v．回想，回忆起　 ㉚barely ['beəli] adv.勉强才能 ㉛in between 介于……之间，在中间　 ㉜high cost in human life很多人牺牲 ㉝be seen as...被视为…… ㉞liberate ['lIbəreIt] v．解放(城市、国家等) liberation [ˌlIbə'reIʃn] n．解放 [第一部分　教材助读] ㉟force n．[熟词生义][C] 武装部队；部队 ㊱meet up with 与……会合/相聚 ㊲memorial [mə'mɔːriəl] adj.纪念的，追悼的 ㊳remember [熟词生义]vt.纪念，缅怀，思念 ㊴outstanding [aʊt'stændIŋ] adj.杰出的，优秀的；出色的 ㊵acts of courage英勇之举 [第一部分　教材助读] [文化采风] 《致倒下的战士》(For the Fallen)是劳伦斯·宾扬(Laurence Binyon，1869～1943)于1914年9月在英国全国发行的日报《泰晤士报》(The Times)上发表的一首著名诗歌。诗中所描述的对阵亡将士的缅怀之情，几乎成为千古绝唱。据说在欧美的一些阵亡将士纪念场地，每天都有诵读这首诗的仪式。文中截取的这段已经跨越了国界，成为缅怀阵亡将士的著名的挽词。 [第一部分　教材助读] [人物小传] 德怀特·戴维·艾森豪威尔，美国政治家，军事家。艾森豪威尔1915年毕业于西点军校。1944年任欧洲盟军最高司令，晋升为五星上将。1952年竞选总统获胜，成为美国第34任总统，1956年再次竞选获胜，蝉联总统。1969年3月28日在华盛顿因心脏病抢救无效去世，享年78岁。 [第一部分　教材助读] The D-DAY LANDINGS① By spring 1944, the Second World War had been raging② across the globe for about five years. But along the south coast of England, something unusual was happening：Allied troops③ [1]made up mainly of British, Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers④. This marked one of the final stages of [1]此处为过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于定语从句“which were made up mainly of...soldiers”。 [第一部分　教材助读] a top-secret operation⑤ that had been months, perhaps years, in the planning. Code-named “Operation Overlord”， it was the largest combined sea, air and land operation in history，[2]the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation. After waiting for the perfect combination of weather, moon and tides, the date for the start of Operation Overlord was set⑥ for 6 June. [2]此处为“名词＋现在分词短语”构成的独立主格结构，在句中作状语；the aim与be to free之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。 [第一部分　教材助读] An order issued⑦ by Supreme Allied Commander General Eisenhower to the troops read⑧：“Your task will not be an easy one. Your enemy is well trained, well equipped and battle-hardened⑨．..But this is the year 1944...The tide⑩ has turned! The free men of the world are marching together to Victory! I have full confidence in⑪ your courage, devotion to duty⑫ and skill in battle.We will accept nothing less than⑬ full Victory！” [第一部分　教材助读] [3]With these words ringing in their ears⑭， Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day.At dawn⑮ on 6 June, thousands landed by parachute behind enemy lines⑯ in northern France. Meanwhile, thousands more⑰ were journeying⑱ across the English Channel to Normandy, [4]protected by fighter planes⑲ in the skies above them. Their objective⑳ was clear: to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline㉑. But even in the depths of㉒ war, few could have been prepared for the violence and horror㉓ they would experience there. [3]本句为主从复合句。With these words ringing in their ears是with复合结构，在句中作状语；what引导宾语从句，作介词for的宾语，what在从句中作主语。 [4]此处为过去分词短语作状语，protect与主语thousands more之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。 [第一部分　教材助读] The fiercest fighting was at Omaha Beach.The enemy were hiding, ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land. [5]Boats were hit and men drowned㉔， while those who did make it㉕ to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire㉖．By mid-morning, [6]hundreds lay dead in the water and amongst㉗ the tanks㉘ on the beach. One soldier recalled㉙ how he barely㉚ made it with bombs falling all around him：“I was the first one out. The seventh man was the next one to get across the beach without being hit. All the ones in between㉛ were hit. Two were killed; three were injured.[7]That's how lucky you had to be.” [5]本句是while连接的两个并列分句，while表示对比，意为“而、然而”；第二个分句中who引导定语从句，修饰先行词those；did用来强调定语从句中的谓语动词make。 [6]此处主语是hundreds，谓语是lay，dead为形容词作状语。 [7]本句中how引导表语从句。 [第一部分　教材助读] But, despite the high cost in human life㉜， the D-Day landings were a success and were seen widely as㉝ the beginning of the end of the Second World War. By the end of August 1944, the Allies had reached the River Seine, Paris was liberated㉞ and the Germans had been removed from north-west France. [8]The Allied forces㉟ then prepared to enter Germany, where they would meet up with㊱ the Soviet military moving in from the east. [8]本句为主从复合句。“where they...east”为where引导的非限制性定语从句，其中moving in from the east为现在分词短语作定语，修饰the Soviet military。 [第一部分　教材助读] [9]Seventy years later, men who had fought on D-Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel, where people were coming together for memorial㊲ ceremonies. As part of this solemn and moving occasion, a former soldier read out to the crowd these lines from the poem For the Fallen, by Laurence Binyon： They shall grow not old, as we that are left grow old： Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn. At the going down of the sun and in the morning We will remember㊳ them. [9]本句为主从复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词men；where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词both sides of the English Channel。 [第一部分　教材助读] Survivors of the D-Day landings continue to meet to remember the fellow soldiers and friends they lost that day. [10]Although each year they are fewer in number, their outstanding㊴ acts of courage㊵ mean that we will always remember them—as well as those who lost their lives on the beaches of northern France. [10]本句为主从复合句。“Although each year they are fewer in number”为Although引导的让步状语从句，主句中“that we will always remember them”为that引导的宾语从句；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词those。 [第一部分　教材助读] 诺曼底登陆 到1944年春，第二次世界大战已在全球持续了大概五年。但在英格兰南部海岸，一件非同寻常的事情正在上演：主要由英国、加拿大和美国士兵组成的盟军部队正在大量集结。这标志着一项已经计划了数月，或许数年的绝密行动进入了最后某一阶段。这次行动的代号是“霸王行动”，它是历史上规模最大的海陆空联合行动，其目的是将欧洲西北部地区从德国的占领中解放出来。等待天气、月光和潮汐的完美结合之后，霸王计划的启动时间定在了6月6日。 [第一部分　教材助读] 盟军最高统帅艾森豪威尔向部队下达的命令写道：“你们的任务不会容易，你们的敌人训练有素，装备精良，而且身经百战……但这是1944年……形势已经转变！世界上的自由之士正一起走向胜利！我完全相信你们的勇气、对职责的忠诚和战斗技巧。我们只接受完全的胜利！” [第一部分　教材助读] 这些话回荡在盟军士兵们的耳旁，他们为即将到来的诺曼底登陆日做好了准备。6月6日拂晓，数千人乘降落伞降落在法国北部的敌后。与此同时，数千人在其上空中的战斗机的保护下，穿越英吉利海峡前往诺曼底，他们的目标明确：沿着法国大约80公里的海岸线到达诺曼底海滩。但即使在战争最糟糕的时候，也很少有人能为他们将在那里经历的暴力和恐怖做好准备。 [第一部分　教材助读] 最激烈的战斗发生在奥马哈海滩。敌人隐藏起来，准备攻击还没来得及登陆的盟军。船只被撞，人们溺水身亡，而那些真正到达海滩的人面对的则是重型机枪。到了上午十点左右，数百人死在水里和海滩上的坦克之间。一个士兵回忆了他在周围到处都是炸弹的情况下，是如何勉强突出重围的：“我是第一个出来的。第七个人是下一个穿过海滩而没被击中的人。中间的人都被击中了。两人死亡，三人受伤。能够突出重围是多么幸运。” [第一部分　教材助读] 但是，尽管很多人牺牲，但诺曼底登陆获得了成功，被广泛认为是第二次世界大战结束的开始。到1944年8月底，盟军已到达塞纳河，巴黎解放，德军已从法国西北部撤离。盟军那时准备进入德国，在那他们将与从东面进入的苏联军队会合。 [第一部分　教材助读] 七十年后，参加过诺曼底登陆战斗的人们聚集在英吉利海峡两侧，人们聚集在这里举行纪念仪式。在这个庄严而感人的时刻，一位前士兵向人群朗读了劳伦斯·宾扬的《致倒下的战士》中的诗句： 他们永远不会变老，不像我们活着的人日渐老去： 年华不能使他们疲倦，岁月也不会让他们沉沦。 [第一部分　教材助读] 每当日落西山，每当朝阳升起 我们都将缅怀他们。 诺曼底登陆的幸存者们坚持聚会，缅怀那天他们失去的战友和朋友们。尽管他们的数量每年都在减少，但他们的英勇行为意味着我们将永远记住他们以及那些在法国北部海滩丧生的人们。 [第一部分　教材助读] $