Unit 6 Period 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas-【优学精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册教用Word(外研版)

Period 3　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas 1．What is the greatest risk to life on Earth at present? A．Nuclear missiles. B．Environmental problems. C．Shortage of resources. D．Natural disasters. 2．Which of the following tasks can't be performed by our probes and robots? A．Provide food for astronauts. B．Send back valuable data and stunning images. C．Test the soil. D．Search for resources, water and signs of life. 3．Why does the author mention the Biosphere 2 experiment and the recent achievements of scientists? A．To indicate how difficult it is to reach Mars. B．To introduce the progress that scientists have made on the research of Mars. C．To tell us that settlers are not able to return to Earth. D．To illustrate that staying alive on Mars is not impossible. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．To describe the problems humans are facing on the Earth. B．To introduce humans might live on Mars. C．To explain why many countries are trying to explore Mars. D．To give some advice on how to protect the Earth. 答案：1～4.BADB 5．Why is Mars the most likely planet for humans to live on? Because it is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets． 6．In the author's opinion, what should we humans do at present? We should take much better care of Earth. Humans are now faced 1.with different kinds of risks, such as varieties of environmental problems.That's why scientists think it is quite urgent for humans to find a much 2.safer(safe) place in outer space to lower the risk. Mars 3.is considered(consider) to be the most possible choice as its natural environment is less hostile than 4.that of other planets. So humans have been more and more interested in Martian 5.exploration(explore). Since the 1960s, we 6.have been sending(send) unmanned spacecraft to Mars. Our probes have orbited the planet, sending back valuable data and stunning images. Many space agencies are planning manned missions to Mars which could take place within the next 25 years. There is no doubt that humankind is drawn towards Mars. However, it is 7.a long way from the Earth to Mars. Besides, it is quite dangerous to travel through solar radiation.Therefore, 8.sending(send) people to Mars requires all the skill, courage and intelligence of the human race. Right now, Earth is getting warmer while 9.moving(move) to Mars is still a beautiful dream.Therefore, it is quite necessary for each of us 10.to take(take) better care of our Earth because it is the only one we have right now! Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记 选出与单词对应的汉语释义 1．indoors adv.　　　 A．消防队员 2．supplement v. B．补充，增补，增加 3．eliminate v. C．(生长环境)恶劣的 4．firefighter n. D．恶劣的，极端的 5．blaze n. E．擦，拭，揩 6．fierce adj. F．在室内 7．wipe v. G．消除，根除 8．hostile adj. H．航天器，宇宙飞船 9．unmanned adj. I．无人驾驶(操纵)的 10．spacecraft n. J．极具吸引力的；令人惊奇的 11．stunning adj. K．烈火，大火 12．capsule n. L．(航天器的)密封舱，太空舱 答案：1～5.FBGAK　6～10.DECIH　11～12.JL Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词 1．a senior hiker　　　　　 一名资深徒步旅行者 2．a first-aid kit 一个急救箱 3．a pipe made of clay 一种用黏土制成的管子 4．a cave more than 1，000 feet deep 一个1 000多英尺深的洞穴 5．solid fuel 固体燃料 6．a monthly magazine 一本月刊杂志 7．nuclear weapons 核武器 8．launch a satellite to orbit the Earth 发射一颗环绕地球运行的卫星 9．the space agency 航天局 10．infer from the context 根据上下文推断 11．Chinese astronauts 中国宇航员 Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活 根据提示写出相应的单词 1．optimistic adj.乐观的；乐观主义的→optimistically adv.乐观地；乐观主义地 2．consumption n．(精力、油、电等的)消耗量→consume v．消耗，耗费；吃；喝→consumer n．消费者，顾客 3．react v．(作出)反应→reaction n．反应；回应 4．advanced adj.高级的；先进的→advance v．& n．前进；发展 5．terrifying adj.极其可怕的，骇人听闻的→terrified adj.非常害怕的；极度恐惧的→terrify vt.使惊吓，使恐惧 6．expose v．使暴露(于险境)→exposure n．暴露 7．dust n．沙土，尘土→dusty adj.布满灰尘的 Ⅳ.重点短语·再现 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．No matter how complicated and tough the situation was, he could cope with(应付) it with ease. 2．The firefighters spend several hours bringing the fire under control(使火灾处于控制之下). 3．No country in the world can address these problems alone, such as climate change, hunger, disease, ect. Therefore, all the countries should cooperate to get rid of(摆脱) them. 4．The wildfire wiped out(彻底摧毁) thousands of acres of forest in just a few days, causing extensive damage to the local ecosystem. 5．The country's population consists of(由……组成) people from various ethnic groups and cultural backgrounds. 6．We're waiting for the results of the lab tests. In the meantime(与此同时), we'll continue with the other experiments. Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．“It takes/took...to do sth.”意为“做某事需要……” It takes great patience for Robinson Crusoe to survive(鲁滨孙·克鲁索生存下来需要极大的耐心) on the island. 2．that用作替代词，指代上文提到的名词 The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets(环境也没有其他星球那么恶劣).(Para.2) [分析]　此句中还含有which引导的非限制性定语从句。 3．“There is no doubt that...”意为“毫无疑问……” There is no doubt that(毫无疑问) humankind is drawn towards Mars, with dreams of making it our second home.(Para.4) [分析]　此句中还含有“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 4．while引导让步状语从句 While the Moon can be reached within days(虽然月球几天之内就可以到达), it would take months to reach Mars, travelling through dangerous solar radiation.(Para.4) [分析]　此句中还含有现在分词短语作状语。 5．“do/does/did＋动词原形”用于强调谓语 Although the two-year experiment was not a success, it did provide us with a better understanding of(确实让我们更好地明白了) how humans might be able to live on another planet.(Para.4) [分析]　此句中还含有how引导的宾语从句。 【高频词汇诠释】 react　v.(作出)反应 ①(教材P88)How do people and organisations react to these crises? 人们和组织如何应对这些危机呢？ ②(译林选必四U2)If you heard someone shout “Hey you！” from across the room, how would you react? 如果你听到房间对面有人喊“嘿，你！”你会有什么反应？ (1)react to sb./sth.　　　 对某人/某事(物)作出 反应/回应 react with... 与……起(化学)反应 react against 反对；反抗；反叛 (2)reaction n. 反应；回应 reaction to sb./sth. 对某人/某事(物)的反应 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)(人教选必一U4)Reacting(react)to body language is an important component of being a teacher. (2)Only when we react to emergencies in life calmly can we solve problems in a better way. (3)The medicine can react with certain other drugs, so it's important to consult a doctor before taking it. (4)母亲对这个令人惊喜的生日聚会的反应是既高兴又感激。 Mother's reaction to the surprising birthday party was a mixture of joy and gratitude. 背诵点 读后续写之情绪描写 consist of　由……构成，由……组成 ①(教材P92)It consisted of a closed space in which people, animals and plants could live together. 它由一个封闭的空间组成，人、动物和植物可以在其中共同生活。 ②(北师大选必二U6)For this reason, it's now normal to see advertisements that consist of pictures or words from experts to show people how good the product is. 由于这个原因，现在看到广告引用专家的图片、文字，向人们展示产品有多棒是正常的。 (1)consist in　　　　　　 在于；存在于 consist with 与……一致；符合；并存 (2)be made up of... 由……组成 be composed of... 由……组成 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)(2022·天津卷满分作文)As you can see in the short video clip, our Spoken English Club is holding various activities，consisting(consist) of English Talent Contest and Poetry Recitation. 背诵点 应用文写作之活动介绍 (2)As the saying goes，“Success consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures.” (3)Only when what you do consists with what you commit can you obtain a long friendship and others' respect. 背诵点 读后续写之主旨升华 (4)生活中不仅充满阳光而且困难重重。面对困难，我们应该勇敢。 Life consists of/is made up of/ is composed of not only sunshine but also hard times． We should be brave when faced with difficulties. 背诵点 读后续写之主旨升华 expose　v.使暴露(于险境)；揭露；使曝光；使接触 ①(译林选必一U3)At first sight, the overall scene of life in the capital city appears peaceful, and cheerful. However, some critics suggest that on closer inspection, the painting actually exposes serious political and social problems.　乍一看，京城的整体生活景象平和欢快。然而，一些评论家提出，进行更为仔细的观察，你会发现这幅画实际上揭露了严重的政治和社会问题。 ②(经典例句)Using Wi-Fi in a public place such as a hotel, café or restaurant can expose your data to a network which is not secure. 在酒店、咖啡馆或餐馆等公共场所使用无线网会把你的数据暴露在不安全的网络中。 (1)expose...to...　　　 使……暴露于……； 使……接触…… be exposed to... 暴露于…… (2)exposure n. 暴露 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)(译林选必三U1)As you are exposed to diverse cultures, you may feel transported through time and space. (2)It would be a good idea if we could expose the children to traditional Chinese cultural heritage. Long-time exposure(expose) will gradually enhance their personal qualities. 背诵点 应用文写作之传统文化 (3)在中国期间，我强烈建议你参加一些传统的文化活动，这会给你提供接触中国文化的好机会。 During your stay in China, I strongly recommend that you take part in some traditional cultural activities, which will offer you good opportunities to be exposed to/expose yourself to Chinese culture． 背诵点 应用文写作之建议信 “It takes/took...to do sth.”意为“做某事需要……” ①(教材P87)It takes great patience for Robinson Crusoe to survive on the island. 鲁滨孙·克鲁索在岛上生存下来需要极大的耐心。 ②(北师大选必一U2)Don't they know how hard it is to be at the top in sport? Don't they know what it takes to get there？　难道他们不知道在运动中处于顶峰有多难吗？难道他们不知道到达顶峰需要付出多少吗？ (1)It takes/took courage/patience...to do sth. 　　　　 做某事需要勇气/耐心…… It takes/took (sb.) some time to do sth. (某人)花费多长时间做某事 (2)sb.＋spends/spent time/money on sth./(in) doing sth.　 某人花费时间/金钱在某物上/做某事 (3)(doing) sth.＋cost sb.time/money 某人花费时间/金钱(做)某事 (4)sb.＋pays/paid sb.money for sth. 某人为某事/某物付给某人钱 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)(译林必修二U1)Director James Cameron spent six months looking(look) at and revising plans of the Titanic in order to build a full-sized model for his 1997 film. (2)To everyone's surprise, he handed the owner a million-pound bank note to pay for the meal. (3)It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start(start) working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D． (4)老实说，在公众面前承认错误需要很大的勇气，尤其是当它涉及承认自己的缺点和缺陷时。 To be honest，it takes great courage to admit mistakes in front of the public, especially when it involves admitting his/her own shortcomings and flaws. that用作替代词，指代上文提到的名词 ①(教材P90)The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets. 可能性最大的选择是火星，它离地球相对较近，环境也没有其他星球那么恶劣。 ②(经典例句)The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from that spoken in England. 美式英语和英式英语的口语只有一些细微的差别。 替代词that、 those、 it、 one、 ones的区别： (1)that表特指，替代上文出现的同类的单数名词或不可数名词，相当于“the＋单数名词/不可数名词”；those表特指，替代上文出现的复数名词，相当于“the＋复数名词”； (2)it表特指，替代上文提到的同一个事物，可替代单数名词或不可数名词； (3)one表泛指，替代上文出现的同类的单数可数名词，相当于“a/an＋单数名词”；替代复数名词时使用ones。 选词填空(that/those/it/one/ones) (1)(译林必修二U3)I did not understand all of the traditional customs, but a few made a deep impression on me. One was the bridegroom's entrance on a beautiful white horse. (2)(译林必修一U1)The classes are different from those in China. Each teacher has their own classroom and the students move around for every lesson. (3)(译林选必二U3)Some acupuncturists today still use gold and silver needles, but the majority have now switched to stainless steel ones. (4)They bought a house, but they need to clean it before they can move in next week. (5)Though its GDP ranks second in the world, China remains a developing country with its average family income far below that of Western developed countries. “There is no doubt that...”意为“毫无疑问……” ①(教材P91)There is no doubt that humankind is drawn towards Mars, with dreams of making it our second home. 毫无疑问，人类对火星充满兴趣，梦想着把它变成我们的第二个家园。 ②(经典例句)There is no doubt that climate change is a real and urgent threat to our planet, demanding immediate and concerted action from all nations to mitigate its effects and protect our shared future. 毫无疑问，气候变化对我们的星球来说是一个真实而紧迫的威胁，需要所有国家立即采取协调一致的行动，以减轻其影响并保护我们共同的未来。 句型“There is no doubt that...”中的that引导同位语从句，用来说明doubt的具体内容。 (1)同位语从句通常用that、whether、what、which、when、where、why、how等引导，常放在hope、wish、idea、news、fact、promise、opinion、suggestion、advice、truth、evidence、problem等抽象名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容； (2)有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在被说明的名词之后，而被别的词隔开。 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)(译林选必三U2)As we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question whether there is life on other planets. (2)(译林选必二U1)Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5, according to figures released by emergency services. (3)We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. (4)毫无疑问，剪纸是中国传统文化之一，凝聚了数千年来中国人民的智慧和创造力。(弘扬传统文化) There is no doubt that paper-cutting is one of the traditional Chinese cultures, embodying the wisdom and creativity of the Chinese people over thousands of years. 背诵点 应用文写作之传统文化 “do/does/did＋动词原形”用于强调谓语 ①(教材P92)Although the two-year experiment was not a success, it did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet. 虽然这项为期两年的实验并未取得成功，但它确实让我们更好地明白了人类如何能够在另一个星球上生活。 ②(译林必修二U1)I do remember the first time I heard the sweetest voice in the wide world.　我确实记得我第一次听到全世界最甜美的声音时的情景。 “do/does/did＋动词原形”表示强调，意为“确实、的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但必须符合以下条件： (1)句子是肯定句； (2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时； (3)若强调主语、宾语、表语、状语等，则应用“It is/was...that/who...”句型进行强调。 完成句子 (1)(北师大必修一U1)事实上，我的确知道我有时需要强迫自己不上网，特别是因为现实生活也可以一样有趣。 Actually, I do know I need to drag myself away from the online world sometimes, especially because real life can be just as interesting. (2)老师的确希望我参加下周举行的演讲比赛。 The teacher does hope I will take part in the speech contest to be held next week. (3)在成人礼上，我们都的确很自豪和兴奋，同时，觉得有了一种社会责任感。 At the coming-of-age ceremony, all of us did be excited as well as proud, and at the same time, felt a sense of social responsibility. 背诵点 应用文写作之活动介绍 Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1.end in failure　　　　　　 以失败告终 2．signs of life 生命迹象 3．lower the risk 降低风险 4．for now 目前；现在 5．unmanned spacecraft 无人驾驶宇宙飞船 6．the greatest risk to... 对……的最大风险 7．a closed space 一个封闭的空间 8．prepare for the worst 为最坏的情况做准备 9．at the push of a button 按一下按钮 10．as early as... 早在…… 11．the terrifying scenes 令人恐惧的场景 12．a nuclear missile 核导弹 13．solar radiation 太阳辐射 14．renewable energy 可再生能源 15．the human race 人类 Ⅱ.品句填词 1．It is advanced(先进的) technology like big data and cloud computing that benefits the business. 2．The old man was so tired that he sat down against the trunk(树干) of the tree and fell asleep. 3．Without anyone to turn to in such a terrifying(极其可怕的) situation, she felt frightened. 4．Let us all work together for the ultimate realization of a nuclear(核武器的) weapon-free world. 5．The space agency(局) is in charge of native scientific research and experiments in space. 6．Due to long-time exposure(暴露) to wind, sunlight, rain and dust, the tower became broken, with its roof leaking and some paint dropping. 7．We can infer(推测) that the purpose of Whaley's project is to help students see their own strengths. 8．Life is full of ups and downs. Provided that we are optimistic(乐观的), we will be more likely to enjoy our life to the fullest. Ⅲ.词块运用 1．The young man, who was expected to take over(接管) his father's company, made an unusual decision that he would start his own business. 2．Not knowing how to cope with(应对) the tough situation, Mike felt quite discouraged and upset. 3．Going outdoors and playing team games with your friends is an effective way to get rid of(摆脱) your negative emotion. 4．Climate change might wipe out(使灭绝) polar bears by the end of this century, a recent report in the journal Nature Climate Change said. 5．Physicists are studying new ways of generating electricity with less damage to the environment. In the meantime(与此同时), many power plants are being modernized to give off less polluting material. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $