Unit 4 Period 2 Using language-【优学精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册教用Word(外研版)

Period 2　Using language 动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语 一、动词不定式作表语 (1)(教材P50)Every artist's wish is to create something that expresses an idea. 每位艺术家的愿望都是创作出表达思想的作品。 (2)(教材P51)To listen to Tan's music is to experience a mix of Chinese musical traditions and Western influences. 聆听谭盾的音乐，就是体验中国音乐传统和西方影响因素的融合。 (3)What I would suggest is to start work at once. 我的建议是立即开始工作。 (4)All we need to do is (to) live each day with passion. 我们所需要做的就是充满激情地度过每一天。 上面句子中动词不定式作表语，用来说明主语的具体内容。当主语部分含有从句且从句谓语动词部分有实义动词do的某种形式时，不定式符号to可保留也可省略，如句(4)。　 1．动词不定式作表语，可以说明主语的具体内容，还可以表示目的、结果、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿等，其主语通常为aim、duty、hope、 idea、 job、plan、 problem、 purpose、 wish 等名词，或是what引导的名词性从句。不定式作表语时，主语和表语有时可以互换位置，其意思不变。 2．动词不定式作表语时，一般情况下不定式中的to不能省略，但当主语部分含有从句，且从句谓语部分有实义动词do的某种形式时，作表语的不定式常省略to。 完成句子 (1)明天学生们将在学校大门口见面。 The students are to meet at the school gate tomorrow. (2)人生重要的事是有一个伟大的目标以及实现它的决心。 The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it. (3)我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语水平。 What I want to do most in senior high school is (to) improve my English． (4)教育的目的是发展儿童的优良品格。 The purpose of education is to develop a fine personality in children. 二、动词-ing形式作表语 (1)(教材P51)One way for him to find inspiration is turning to his children's toys. 他的灵感来源之一就是他的孩子们的玩具。 (2)(人教选必一U4)The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. 关键是要以一种适合你所处文化的方式来使用肢体语言。 (3)(2021·天津卷3月)The beginning of change is upsetting. The process is tiring. 变化一开始令人不安，这个过程令人困倦。 (4)The flower looks especially charming after the rain.　雨后的花看起来特别迷人。 上面句子中的动词-ing 形式作表语；句(1)和句(2)的表语是动名词形式，用来说明主语的内容；句(3)和句(4)的表语是现在分词形式，表示主语的特征。　 动词-ing形式分为动名词和现在分词两类。动名词兼有动词和名词的特征和作用，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语；现在分词兼有动词、形容词和副词的特征，可在句中充当定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。 1．动名词作表语，所体现的是名词的特征，用于对主语的内容进行解释说明，往往表示主语所具有的特征，且主语和表语可以互换位置。 2．现在分词作表语往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等，主语和表语不可互换位置。 单句语法填空 (1)(2022·全国甲卷)From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing(amaze). (2)We seek people who are patient and caring(care), and who have experience and interest in working with older adults. (3)What we expect from you is working (work) hard rather than hardly working. (4)The correct way of learning is combining(combine) theory with practice, which allows us to gain a deeper understanding of the subject matter and apply our knowledge to practical situations. 三、动词-ed形式作表语 (1)(教材P51)He was particularly interested in the old story about a fish jumping through the “Dragon Gate”． 他对鲤鱼跃龙门的古老故事尤为感兴趣。 (2)(教材P51)He is most widely known for composing music for the film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and the 2008 Beijing Olympics. 他因为为电影《卧虎藏龙》和2008年北京奥运会创作音乐而广为人知。 上面句子中的动词-ed形式作表语，表示状态或状况。　 动词-ed形式可放在系动词be、become、feel、get、look、remain、seem等之后作表语，表示主语所处的状态或状况。 单句语法填空 (1)(2022·浙江卷1月)I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but I have made specific choices that allow me to make the most of every day, and still feel happy and relaxed(relax). (2)The pupils will get confused (confuse) if they are made to learn too much at a time. (3)She felt satisfied(satisfy) with her performance on the high-and-low bars. 四、动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语时的区别 (1)My dream is to be an English teacher, who can inspire students and help them build a strong foundation in the language. 我的梦想是成为一名英语老师，能够激励学生，帮助他们在语言方面打下坚实的基础。 (2)His job is painting walls, making them look beautiful and clean. 他的工作是粉刷墙壁，使它们看起来又漂亮又干净。 (3)The scene was moving and all the people present were moved. 场面感人，在场的人都被感动了。 句(1)中的表语是动词不定式形式，表示特定行为；句(2)中的表语是动名词形式，表示经常发生的动作；句(3)中动词-ing形式作表语，表示主语的特征，动词-ed形式作表语，表示主语的状态。　 1．动词不定式与动名词作表语时的区别： 动名词作表语表示一般性的动作；动词不定式作表语表示一次具体的动作或将要发生的事。 2．现在分词与动词-ed形式作表语时的区别： 动词-ed形式作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来指人、人的声音或表情等，常意为“感到……的”；现在分词作表语多表示事物具有的特性，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物，常意为“令人……的”。 单句语法填空 (1)His words were discouraging, which made many people discouraged．(discourage) (2)The news was very exciting．After hearing the news, we felt quite excited．(excite) (3)Climbing is tiring and we are tired after a day's climbing, but the sense of accomplishment and the beautiful scenery make it worthwhile.(tire) (4)Our task now is to increase(increase) food production to meet the growing demand for food in the region. (5)To do two things at a time is to do(do) neither. Therefore, it is better to focus on one task at a time to ensure that it is done well and on time. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．My chief purpose is to point(point) out the difficulties of the matter and offer possible solutions to overcome them. 2．To help others is to help(help) ourselves, so don't hesitate to offer your help when others are in trouble. 3．We were shocked(shock) to hear that the missing pet was found dead at midnight. 4．What squirrels can do is (to) store(store) all kinds of food before the winter comes. 5．The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving(give) first aid. 6．The teacher's explanation of the problem was so confusing(confuse) that most of us couldn't understand. 7．As is known to all, travelling is interesting(interest), but we often feel tired(tire) when we are back from the journey. 8．The goal of the project is to examine(examine) in detail how tornadoes are formed and the kinds of damage they cause. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．他的爱好是在业余时间读书，这有助于他拓展知识面，享受文学之美。 His hobby is reading books in his spare time, which helps him expand his knowledge and enjoy the beauty of literature. 2．他的任务之一就是为爬山准备一些食物和饮用水。 One of his tasks is preparing/to prepare some food and drinking water for the climbing． 3．那个讲座太乏味，很多人都感到无聊并离开了大厅。 The lecture was so boring that many people felt bored and left the hall. 4．我从他脸上可以看出，他对我所做的一切很满意。 I could tell from his face that he was satisfied with what I had done. 5．他的计划是在社区再创办一个书法协会。 His plan is to set up another calligraphy association in the community. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $