Unit 2 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas-【优学精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册教用Word(外研版)

The virtue yoo learned, yoo was deeply moved by a story of a qualified navigator and sailor, jeremy. Out of great passion. Jeremy was committed to spending his whole life expLoring the mysterious world. Through intense training, he promoted his professional competence. Naturally, he went through adversities, but he managed to overcome them with great courage, determination, optimism and perseverance. One stormy day after boarding the ship with the crew, he started the ship motor. As usual. They were sAiling legally. When suddenly the engine broke down, giving off smelly smoke. Some of the crews suggested abandoning the ship, but jeremy turned them down. In the rough situation, fearless jeremy remained calm and made reasonable judgments. IT turned out that the emergency tested jeremies endurance, resolve and perseverance in adversity. Period 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas 1．debt　　　　 A．not very often 2．rarely B.in spite of a fact that you have just mentioned　 3．rejection C．the act expressing disapproval of sb./sth. and opinions about their faults or bad qualities 4．nevertheless D．a sum of money that sb. owes 5．criticism E．to promise to do sth.；to promise sth. will happen 6．classic F.the result or effect of an action or event　 7．guarantee G.the act of not accepting, believing in, or agreeing with sth. 8．outcome H.accepted or deserving to be accepted as one of the best or most important of its kind 答案：1～5.DAGBC　6～8.HEF Activity 1　Reading for Genre and Structure 1．Genre：B A．Practical Writing(应用文). B．Narration Interspersed with Comments(夹叙夹议文). C.Exposition(说明文). 2．Structure and Clues： 答案：(1)rejection　(2)print　(3)worked on (4)male　(5)classics　(6)perseverance Activity 2　Reading for Main Idea What does the passage mainly talk about? 　It mainly talks about perseverance is the key to success． Activity 3　Reading for Details 1．Read the passage and answer the following questions. (1)Why does every writer feel fear when they read the publisher's last sentence? A．They put too much effort in their works. B．They have no time to play. C．Their works were returned. D．They want to succeed overnight. (2)Why did J．K.Rowling think she had something in common with her favorite writers? A.They were poor. B．They received comments from publishers. C．They received a total of twelve rejections. D．They had been rejected. (3)What's the dream of three sisters from Victorian England? A.Becoming men. B．Becoming writers. C．Seeing their books published. D．Writing a book of poems. 答案：(1)A　(2)D　(3)C 2．Tell the following sentences True(T) or False(F). (1)J.D.Salinger's work was criticized, but he didn't give up.T (2)The Catcher in the Rye is about the Second World War.F What does every writer most dread 1.reading/to read(read) in the comments from publishers? It's “We regret 2.to inform(inform) you...”， which will make their hearts sink. In fact, a lot of writers of great works have 3.previously (previous) faced rejection. J.K. Rowling, after a total of twelve rejections, eventually got her first book Harry Potter published, which became 4.a global success. Another famous writer J．D.Salinger persevered in working 5.on his novel The Catcher in the Rye despite the criticism along with rejections from several publishers and when it was eventually published, it became an immediate best­seller. The three Brontё sisters lived in Victorian England, a time 6.when women were not encouraged to become writers. Although they 7.dreamed/dreamt(dream) of seeing their words in print, they experienced many rejections, but they persevered and now Charlotte's Jane Eyre, Emily's Wuthering Heights and Anne's Agnes Grey 8.are regarded(regard) as classics of world literature. From the stories of the above famous writers, we can learn that it was 9.perseverance(persevere) that made them realize their dreams. Therefore, keep trying and eventually you'll read the words “We are 10.delighted (delight) to inform you...” 1．What can you learn from these writers? _________________________________________________________ 2．Do you know any other distinguished person who shares the similar experiences? Share their stories with the class. _________________________________________________________ 答案：Open answers. Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记 选出与单词对应的汉语释义 1．dread v.　　　　　　　 A．手稿，底稿 2．overnight adv. B．畅销书；畅销产品 3．persevere v. C．畏惧，惧怕 4．manuscript n. D．(忍)耐力 5．rye n. E．突然，一下子 6．best­seller n. F．黑麦 7．laureate n. G．锲而不舍，坚持不懈 8．endurance n. H．重要奖项获得者 答案：1～4.CEGA　5～8.FBHD Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词 1．be heavily in debt　　　　　 负债累累 2．fast pace of life 快节奏的生活 3．inform us as soon as possible 尽快通知我们 4．Nevertheless, she persevered. 然而，她坚持了下来。 5．classics of world literature 世界文学的经典作品 6．guarantee success 保证成功 7．the final outcome 最终结果 Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活 根据提示写出相应的单词 1．rarely adv.很少，难得→rare adj.稀少的；罕有的 2．rejection n．拒绝，否决→reject v．拒绝，否决 3．criticism n．批评；指责→criticise vt.批评→critic n．批评家；反对……的人 4．delighted adj.愉快的，高兴的→delight n．使人高兴的事；高兴；愉快；快乐 vt.使高兴；使欣喜→delightful adj.令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的 Ⅳ.重点短语·再现 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．We regret to(很遗憾……) inform you that your application has not been successful. 2．We can learn a lot from successful people, let's take Elon Musk for example(以……为例). 3．My friends and I have many different interests, but we all enjoy travelling, which is one thing we have in common(有……共同之处). 4．She carefully stuck the label on(把……贴到……上) the parcel, making sure it was securely attached. 5．The new product is along the lines of(类似) what we have already been selling, but with some improvements. 6．Her application for a job was turned down(拒绝) because she didn't have enough experience. 7．The project cost a total of(总共) $50，000, which was raised through donations and fundraising efforts. 8．While a lot of hard work and a touch of luck play a part(起作用), perseverance is the key. Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现 A.根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．独立主格结构 The response from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it, their hearts sinking(他们的心随即跌落谷底) when they reach that final sentence.(Para.1) [分析]　此句中还包含when引导的时间状语从句。 2．with复合结构 After a total of twelve rejections, one publisher eventually agreed to print 500 copies of her first book, and as we know, Harry Potter became a global success, with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages (销量超过4亿册，并被翻译成70多种不同的语言).(Para.2) [分析]　此句中还包含as引导的非限制性定语从句。 3．get＋宾语＋宾语补足语 J．D.Salinger started writing short stories in high school, but later struggled to get his works published(让他的作品发表).(Para.3) 4．状语从句的省略 Even when serving in the US Army(当他在美国军队服役时) during the Second World War, he carried six chapters of The Catcher in the Rye with him and worked on the novel throughout his war service.(Para.3) 5．祈使句＋and＋陈述句 Keep trying and eventually you will read the words(继续努力，最终你会读到这些话) “We are delighted to inform you...”(Para.5) B.根据汉语提示并使用以上句式结构完成下面的小短文 James Allen who was an English active thinker said, “Dreams are the seedlings of realities.” Dreams inspire us to go after what we really want in life and push us to reach new heights. 1.When one has no dreams(当一个人没有梦想时), it is like a garden without flowers. So 2.set great goals first and make careful plans and you will turn your dreams into realities(首先设定伟大的目标，制定周密的计划，你就会把梦想变成现实). Though there will be a number of challenges in front of us, we should never lose heart and give up. If we try our best, I believe that we can make our dreams come true. 【层级一　高频词汇诠释】 　debt　n.债务，欠款；负债情况；人情；恩情 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ①(经典例句)The debt of college students does not simply pay for tuition, but also helps cover living expenses while in school. 大学生的借款不仅仅是支付学费，还包括在校期间的生活费用。 ②(译林选必一U4)Generations of poets, both in China and abroad, owe a debt to his inspirational poems. 一代又一代的中外诗人都对他的励志诗情有独钟。 in debt　　　　　　　　　　 欠款；欠债 be/get out of debt 摆脱债务 get into debt 陷入债务 pay off one's debts 还清某人的债务 owe sb. a debt 欠某人人情 补全句子/完成句子 (1)She was in debt(欠债) when she was poor, but she has been out of debt(摆脱债务) since she started to take control of her finances and make wise decisions with her money. (2)If I make good money this time, I'll pay off all my debts(还清我所有的债务) first. (3)你对我太好了，我永远都还不清欠你的人情。 You are so good to me that I can never repay the debt I owe you． 背诵点 应用文写作之感谢信 　regret to do sth.　很遗憾要做某事 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ①(教材P18) “We regret to inform you...” These are the words that every writer dreads receiving, but words every writer knows well. “我们遗憾地通知您……”这是每个作家都害怕收到的话，但又为每个作家所熟知。 ②(经典例句)I regret to inform you that your application has been rejected. 很遗憾地通知您，您的申请被拒绝了。 背诵点 应用文写作之告知信 (1)regret doing/having done sth.　 后悔做了某事 regret to tell sb. that... 遗憾地告诉 某人…… (2)with great regret 非常遗憾 to one's regret 令某人遗憾的是 单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子 (1)I regret leaving/having left(leave) the work unfinished; I should have planned everything ahead carefully. (2)I regret to tell (tell) you that I won't be able to attend the meeting due to the late arrival of my flight. (3)Much to my regret/To my great regret(非常抱歉), I can't go to the bookstore with you at the appointed time. (4)满怀愧疚和遗憾，我郑重承诺会从错误中吸取教训，以后做得更好。 With guilt and regret flowing in my mind, I make a solemn promise to learn from my mistakes and do better in the future.(with复合结构) 背诵点 读后续写之心理描写 　inform　v.通知，告知 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ①(经典例句)With the forum approaching, I'm writing this letter on behalf of the organizing committee to inform you that as the speaker of the forum, please make sure you can work at a given time and place. 随着论坛临近，我代表组委会写这封信通知您：作为论坛的主讲者，请确保您可以在指定的时间和地点工作。 ②(译林选必二U1)Therefore, checking different sources enables us to draw a more informed conclusion. 因此，检查不同的来源使我们能够得出更明智的结论。 (1)inform sb. of/about sth. 通知某人某事 inform sb. that... 告知某人…… keep sb. informed of/about... 使某人知道……； 通知某人关于…… (2)informed adj. 见多识广的；明智的 (3)information n. 信息 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)I would appreciate it if you could keep me informed(inform) of any progress or developments regarding the matter. (2)(2022·全国乙卷满分作文)Living in an information(inform) era, we have easy and convenient access to various English learning resources. (3)我很荣幸地通知您，您的申请已经获得批准，您已被该项目接受。 I have the honour to inform you that your application has been approved and you have been accepted into the program. 背诵点 应用文写作之告知信 与inform sb. of sth.结构相同的短语还有： rob sb. of sth.　　　　　抢劫某人某物 remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事 warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事 accuse sb. of sth. 指控某人某事 　have...in common (with...)　(与……)在……方面有共同之处 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ①(教材P19)When she received her first rejection letter, she decided that it meant she now had something in common with her favourite writers, and stuck it on her kitchen wall.　当她收到第一封退稿信时，她认为这意味着她现在和她最喜欢的作家们有了共同之处，并把这封信贴在了厨房的墙上。 ②(人教必修三U1)And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all. 如果你仔细研究各种节日，你会惊奇地发现不同的文化实际上有很多共同之处。 (1)have a lot/much/a great deal/nothing/little in common with...　 　　　　　　 与……有很多/没有共同之处 in common with... 与……一样 (2)common sense 常识 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)(2022·浙江卷1月满分作文)It is really amazing that we should have so much in common. How I wish I could have more opportunities to communicate with you! 背诵点 应用文写作之活动感想 (2)Britain, in common with many other industrialized countries, has experienced major changes over the last 100 years. (3)你和你朋友的共性越多，你们的友谊就越有可能发展。(倡导和谐人际关系) The more you have in common with your friend, the more likely your friendship will develop. 背诵点 应用文写作之建议信 　guarantee　v.保证；确保　n．保证；保修单 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ①(教材P20)So, it seems that talent alone isn't enough to guarantee success. 所以，仅靠天赋似乎不足以保证成功。 ②(译林选必一U2)Why don't you try to listen to some great country music? I guarantee you'll enjoy it! 你为什么不试着听一些很棒的乡村音乐呢？我保证你会喜欢它的！ (1)guarantee sb. sth./guarantee sth.to sb. 　　　　　　　　　　 向某人保证某事 guarantee to do/that... 保证做……；确保…… guarantee sb. that... 向某人保证…… (2)under guarantee 在保修期内 give sb. a guarantee (that)... 向某人保证…… 单句语法填空/一句多译 (1)As for preparation, reading some Chinese novels in advance will guarantee to make(make) you adapt to the Chinese language environment. 背诵点 应用文写作之建议信 (2)If there is something wrong with the cellphones while they are still under guarantee, we will repair them free of charge. (3)(2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)我向你保证一旦你读了《青年》这份英文报，你就会爱上它。 →I guarantee that you will be fond of it once you read the English newspaper Youth. (guarantee v．) →I give you a guarantee that you will be fond of it once you read the English newspaper Youth. (guarantee n．) 背诵点 应用文写作之投稿 【层级二　中频词汇积累】 　pace　n.速度；进度　vi.& vt.踱步 at a/the pace of...　　　　 以……的速度 keep pace with... 与……步调一致； 与……齐头并进 pace up and down 来回踱步；走来走去 [微练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)The runner was moving at a pace of six miles per hour, maintaining a steady rhythm and focusing on his energy management. (2)To stay competitive, companies must keep pace with changes in the market and adapt their strategies accordingly. (3)杰克在房间外面来回踱步，他焦虑不安，不知道下一步该如何是好。 Pacing up and down outside the room，Jack was overcome with anxiety, not knowing what to do next. 背诵点 读后续写之动作描写 　rarely　adv.很少，难得 (1)rare adj.　稀有的；珍贵的 (2)rarely置于句首时，句子用部分倒装，与seldom用法相同。 [微练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)He hardly ever washes the dishes and he rarely(rare), if ever, does any cleaning. (2)我很少能找到一本如此令人着迷的书，以至于我无法放下它。 Rarely have I found a book that is so captivating and engaging that I couldn't put it down.(倒装) 背诵点 应用文写作之书评 　rejection　n.拒绝，否决 (1)rejection letter　 　　 拒绝信 face lots of rejections 遭到很多拒绝 (2)reject v. 拒绝，否决；拒绝接受 reject one's idea/suggestion/plan 拒绝接受某人的想法/建议/计划 reject a decision/an offer 拒绝接受一个决定/一项提议 [微练]——单句语法填空 (1)Potatoes went through a similar sort of rejection(reject) process, especially when they were first introduced into Europe. (2)His application for membership of the organization was rejected(reject) yesterday, which made him very upset. 背诵点 读后续写之心理描写 　criticism　n.批评；指责 (1)criticiz(s)e v. 　　 批评；挑剔；指责 criticiz(s)e sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事批评某人 (2)critical adj. 批判性的；挑剔的；关键的 be critical to... 对……至关重要 be critical of... 批评…… [微练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)(译林选必二U3)As many of you may already know, genes play a critical(criticize) role in shaping our lives. (2)The new book received mixed reviews and criticism from readers, with some praising its innovative approach while others criticizing its lack of depth.(criticize) (3)她总是批评她的朋友们自私，但她似乎从未意识到自己的自私行为。 She is always criticizing her friends for being selfish, but she never seems to recognize her own selfish behavior. 【层级三　低频词汇拾遗】 　nevertheless　adv.然而，不过 ①(北师大选必三U8)Conseil was cool and calm. Nevertheless, our situation was no less terrible. 康塞尔冷静又沉着。不过，我们的处境仍旧很糟糕。 ②(人教选必一U2)In this sense, the home of tomorrow is already the home of today. Nevertheless，it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology.　从这种意义上来讲，明天的家已经是今天的家了。然而，要让大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。 　persevere　v.锲而不舍，坚持不懈 ①(人教选必三U4)Our optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive.　我们的乐观和对沙克尔顿的信心帮助我们坚持生存下去。 ②(柯林斯英汉双解大词典)He persevered in the face of active discouragement from those around him.　面对周围人们的打击，他锲而不舍。 　classic　n.名著，经典作品 adj.经典的；典型的；第一流的 ①(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colors of the canyon while learning about the area's natural and human history.　从一个经典的视角，欣赏下黄石瀑布、黄石河和峡谷令人惊叹的颜色，同时了解该地区的自然和人类历史。 ②(译林必修三U3)I finally picked up the classic novel I had always wanted to read and was soon lost in the beautiful language.　我终于捡起了我一直想读的经典小说，并迅速沉浸在优美的语言中。 ③(人教必修一U5)People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times. 现代人可以阅读古代中国人撰写的经典作品。 　outcome　n.结果，后果 ①(译林选必三U4)Such dangers can have disastrous outcomes not only for the sites themselves, but also for people.　这样的危险不仅会给遗址地本身，也会给人们带来灾难性的后果。 ②(译林选必四U2)Borrowed words are an outcome of language development that can hardly be avoided, but some language communities oppose adopting words from other cultures. 虽然外来词是语言发展几乎难以避免的结果，但一些语言团体反对从其他文化中吸收词汇。 　with复合结构 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ①(教材P19)After a total of twelve rejections, one publisher eventually agreed to print 500 copies of her first book, and as we know, Harry Potter became a global success, with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages.　在总共被拒绝了12次之后，终于有一家出版商同意出版她的第一本书并印刷了500本。后来，正如我们所知的，《哈利·波特》在全球大获成功，销量超过4亿册，并被翻译成70多种不同的语言。 ②(人教必修二U4)The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. “绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。 with复合结构在句中作状语和定语，其结构为： (1)with＋宾语＋介词短语/形容词/副词； (2)with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动或进行)； (3)with＋宾语＋done(表示被动或完成)； (4)with＋宾语＋to do(表示将来的动作，其中动词不定式的主动形式的表示被动含义) 单句语法填空/补全句子/句式升级 (1)(2021·北京卷)With an important class meeting to participate (participate) in, I can't go outing with you this weekend. (2)(2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ读后续写)“This is the best gift I have ever received! Thank you！” said the mother excitedly with tears sparkling(sparkle) in her eyes. (3)(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ读后续写)Sitting on the roadside with his head down(低着头), David kept silent. 背诵点 读后续写之动作描写 (4)Tom threw himself into his mother's arms and tears of shame and embarrassment welled up in his eyes. →Tom threw himself into his mother's arms, with tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes．(with复合结构) 背诵点 读后续写之情绪描写 　祈使句＋and＋陈述句 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ①(教材P20)Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform you...” 继续努力，最终你会读到这些话，“我们高兴地通知您……”。　 ②(人教选必三U2)Make small changes each day and your lifestyle will become healthier. 每天做一些小的改变，你的生活方式会变得更健康。 “祈使句＋and＋陈述句”中的祈使句相当于一个由if引导的条件状语从句，and之后的句子相当于主句，所以用一般将来时。 (1)祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝If...，＋主句； (2)祈使句＋or/or else/otherwise＋陈述句＝If...not...，＋主句； (3)名词词组(常含有more、another等词)＋and＋陈述句。 单句语法填空/句式升级 (1)(北师大必修一U2)Don't drink too much while running, or/otherwise it'll make you feel sick. (2)In any unsafe situation, simply press the button and a highly－trained agent will get(get) you the help you need. (3)If you follow your teacher's advice, you'll catch up with others in English study and improve your language skills. →Follow your teacher's advice, and you'll catch up with others in English study and improve your language skills.(祈使句＋and＋陈述句) →Following your teacher's advice, you'll catch up with others in English study and improve your language skills.(现在分词短语作状语) Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．all too often　 　　　　 有太多时候，太过频繁 2．go wrong (在过程中)出错；弄错； 出毛病 3．a touch of 少量……；一点儿…… 4．twists and turns 迂回曲折 5．great works 伟大作品 6．serve in the US Army 在美国军队服役 7．work on 从事于；致力于 8．stick it out (把困难、痛苦或枯燥的 事)坚持到底 9．see sb.'s words in print 看到某人的作品出版 10．stick to 坚持；遵守；信守(承诺) 11．under male names 用男性的名字 12．achieve great ends 实现伟大目标 13．survive on little money 靠很少的钱维持生活 14．reach that final sentence 读到最后一句 15．the central character 主角；主人公 Ⅱ.品句填词 1．Anger is rarely(很少) looked upon as a beneficial character trait，and people are usually advised to reduce it. 2．The store guarantees(保证) a refund if the item is not to the customer's satisfaction, providing a sense of security and peace of mind for shoppers. 3．It is not enough to cover the debt(s)(债务), so we need to find other ways to raise the necessary funds. 4．The outcome(结果) of the meeting was unexpected, with the majority of participants expressing their dissatisfaction with the decision made. 5．There were only two people behind me, so I decided to pick up pace(速度). 6．He holds an important position in the company; nevertheless(不过), I don't quite trust him. 7．In my favorite classic(名著), A Dream of Red Mansions, Granny Liu, also called Liu Laolao, is a laughing stock in the eyes of many in the grand garden. 8．We regret to inform(通知) you that there will be a delay in delivery of your order for our product. Ⅲ.词块运用 1．Two entirely separate islands, or countries, might have different languages, and most likely have nothing in common(没有共同之处). 2．I turned down(拒绝) the opportunity to travel abroad because I wanted to stay home and focus on my studies. 3．We received a total of(总共) 150 applications for the position, but only a few candidates were truly suitable for the job. 4．Take Angela for example(以……为例), she has achieved remarkable success in her career despite facing numerous challenges. 5．Exercise plays an important part(起作用) in maintaining good health, as it helps to reduce stress levels, and promote a general sense of well­being. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $