Unit 3 Health（易错题专项练习·语法提升）英语鲁科版五年级下册

Unit 3 Health 专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练 高频易错点03 祈使句在健康场景中的用法 高频易错点01 “should / shouldn't + 动词原形”结构 高频易错点02 询问身体状况的核心句型 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 “should / shouldn't + 动词原形”结构 高频易错点01 定义 should 表示“应该”，shouldn't 表示“不应该”，两者都是情态动词，后面必须接动词原形，用来提出建议、表达责任或给出劝告。 核心用法 肯定形式：should + 动词原形 We should do sports every day.（我们应该每天做运动） 否定形式：shouldn't + 动词原形 We shouldn't eat too much junk food.（我们不应该吃太多垃圾食品） 易错点提示 易错点提示 1.should 和 shouldn't 后只能接动词原形，不能接 to do 或动词的其他形式。 ❌ 错误：We should to sleep early. ✅ 正确：We should sleep early. 2.第三人称单数主语后，should 和 shouldn't 形式不变，仍接动词原形。 ❌ 错误：He shouldn't plays computer games. ✅ 正确：He shouldn't play computer games. 小练笔 一、单项选择 ( )1. We ______ eat fruit and vegetables every day. A. should B. should to C. shouldn't ( )2. You ______ play computer games for too long. It's bad for your eyes. A. should B. shouldn't C. can ( )3. She ______ take some medicine and have a rest. A. should B. shoulds C. should to ( )4. We ______ go to bed late. It's not healthy. A. should B. shouldn't C. can't ( )5. ______ we do sports every day? A. Should B. Do C. Are 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1.We should ______ (do) sports every day. 2.You shouldn't ______ (eat) too much junk food. 3.She should ______ (take) some medicine. 4.We shouldn't ______ (go) to bed late. 5.They should ______ (drink) more water. 点拨 一、选择题答案及解析 1.答案：A。根据健康常识，我们“应该”每天吃水果和蔬菜，should 后接动词原形，选 A。 2.答案：B。长时间玩电脑对眼睛有害，所以“不应该”这么做，选 B。 3.答案：A。should 后接动词原形 take，没有 shoulds 或 should to 的形式，选 A。 4.答案：B。晚睡不健康，所以“不应该”晚睡，选 B。 5.答案：A。“我们应该每天做运动吗？”用 should 引导疑问句，选 A。 二、填空题答案及解析 1.答案：do。should 后接动词原形，故填 do。 2.答案：eat。shouldn't 后接动词原形，故填 eat。 3.答案：take。should 后接动词原形，故填 take。 4.答案：go。shouldn't 后接动词原形，故填 go。 5.答案：drink。should 后接动词原形，故填 drink。 询问身体状况的核心句型 高频易错点02 定义 这类句型用于关心或询问他人的身体状态，是日常交际和就医场景中的高频表达。 核心用法 1.What's wrong with you?（你怎么了？） 回答：I cough and feel cold. / I have a headache. 2.How are you feeling today?（你今天感觉怎么样？） 回答：Much better. / I don't feel well. 3.Do you have a fever / headache / cold?（你发烧/头痛/感冒了吗？） 回答：Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 易错点提示 1.What's wrong with you? 是固定搭配，wrong 后必须接 with，不能用 to。 ❌ 错误：What's wrong to you? ✅ 正确：What's wrong with you? 2.How are you feeling today? 中 feeling 是现在分词，与 are 构成现在进行时表当前状态，不能用 feel。 ❌ 错误：How are you feel today? ✅ 正确：How are you feeling today? 小练笔 一、单项选择 ( )1. — ______ wrong with you? — I have a headache. A. What B. What's C. How ( )2. — How are you feeling today? — ______. A. I have a cold B. Much better C. I'm ten ( )3. — Do you have a fever? — ______. A. Yes, I am B. No, I don't C. Yes, I have ( )4. — ______ are you feeling now? — I feel cold. A. What B. How C. Where ( )5. — What's wrong with ______? — She has a bad cold. A. she B. her C. he 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1.— What's wrong with ______ (you)? — I ______ (have) a fever. 2.— How ______ (be) you feeling today? — I ______ (feel) much better. 3.— ______ (do) you have a headache? — Yes, I ______ (do). 4.— What's wrong with ______ (she)? — She ______ (cough) and feels cold. 5.— How are you feeling now? — I ______ (not feel) well. 点拨 一、选择题答案及解析 1.答案：B。固定句型 What's wrong with you?，选 B。 2.答案：B。询问“今天感觉怎么样”，回答“好多了”符合语境，选 B。 3.答案：B。一般疑问句用 do 提问，回答也用 do，选 B。 4.答案：B。询问“现在感觉如何”用 How，选 B。 5.答案：B。with 是介词，后接宾格 her，选 B。 二、填空题答案及解析 1.答案：you; have。with 后接宾格 you；主语 I 后用动词原形 have。 2.答案：are; feel。主语 you 对应的 be 动词是 are；I 后接动词原形 feel。 3.答案：Do; do。一般疑问句用 Do 开头；肯定回答用 do。 4.答案：her; coughs。with 后接宾格 her；主语 she 是第三人称单数，动词用 coughs。 5.答案：don't feel。否定句用 don't + 动词原形，故填 don't feel。 祈使句在健康场景中的用法 高频易错点03 定义 祈使句用来表达命令、请求、劝告或叮嘱，在健康场景中常用于给出就医建议或生活提醒，主语（you）通常省略。 核心用法 肯定祈使句：动词原形开头 Take some medicine.（吃点药） Drink some water.（喝点水） 否定祈使句：Don't + 动词原形 Don't worry.（别担心） Don't go to bed late.（别晚睡） 易错点提示 1.肯定祈使句开头必须用动词原形，不能加 to。 ❌ 错误：To take some medicine. ✅ 正确：Take some medicine. 2.medicine 是不可数名词，不能用 a 修饰，常用 some。 ❌ 错误：Take a medicine. ✅ 正确：Take some medicine. 3.否定祈使句中 don't 后接动词原形，不能加 to。 ❌ 错误：Don't to worry about your lessons. ✅ 正确：Don't worry about your lessons. 小练笔 单项选择 ( )1. ______ some medicine and have a rest. A. Take B. Takes C. To take ( )2. ______ worry about your lessons. We'll help you. A. Not B. Don't C. Doesn't ( )3. ______ more water every day. It's good for you. A. Drink B. Drinks C. To drink ( )4. ______ go to bed late. It's not healthy. A. Not B. Don't C. Doesn't ( )5. ______ a good rest and you'll get well soon. A. Take B. Takes C. Taking 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1.______ (take) some medicine, please. 2.______ (not worry) about your health. 3.______ (drink) more water every day. 4.______ (not go) to bed late. 5.______ (have) some fruit. It's good for you. 点拨 选择题答案及解析 1.答案：A。肯定祈使句以动词原形 Take 开头，选 A。 2.答案：B。否定祈使句用 Don't + 动词原形，选 B。 3.答案：A。肯定祈使句以动词原形 Drink 开头，选 A。 4.答案：B。否定祈使句用 Don't + 动词原形，选 B。 5.答案：A。固定搭配 take a good rest，祈使句用动词原形开头，选 A。 填空题答案及解析 1.答案：Take。肯定祈使句以动词原形开头，句首首字母大写，故填 Take。 2.答案：Don't worry。否定祈使句用 Don't + 动词原形，故填 Don't worry。 3.答案：Drink。肯定祈使句以动词原形开头，句首首字母大写，故填 Drink。 4.答案：Don't go。否定祈使句用 Don't + 动词原形，故填 Don't go。 5.答案：Have。肯定祈使句以动词原形开头，句首首字母大写，故填 Have。 综合训练 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1.We should ______ (do) sports every day to keep healthy. 2.You shouldn't ______ (eat) too much sweet food. It's bad for teeth. 3.She ______ (have) a cold yesterday, so she stayed at home. 4.— What's wrong with ______ (he)? — He ______ (cough) badly. 5.My mother ______ (take) some medicine last night because she had a headache. 6.They ______ (not feel) well this morning. They need to see a doctor. 7.______ (drink) more water when you have a fever. 8.Don't ______ (worry) about your lessons. We'll help you catch up. 9.There ______ (be) a lot of people in the hospital yesterday. 10.He ______ (should) go to bed early. He looks very tired. 二、单项选择 ( )1. We ______ eat more vegetables. They are good for our health. A. should B. shouldn't C. can't ( )2. — What's wrong with ______? — She has a bad fever. A. she B. her C. hers ( )3. — How are you feeling today? — ______. I can go to school now. A. Much better B. I have a headache C. I'm sad ( )4. ______ some medicine and have a good rest. A. Takes B. Take C. To take ( )5. — Do you have a headache? — ______. I need to take a rest. A. Yes, I do B. No, I don't C. Yes, I am ( )6. You ______ play football in the rain. You may get sick. A. should B. can C. shouldn't ( )7. There ______ a doctor and two nurses in the room just now. A. is B. was C. were ( )8. ______ interesting the health class is! A. What B. How C. What an ( )9. He ______ a cold last week. He ______ stay at home. A. has; should B. had; should C. had; should to ( )10. Don't ______ late. It's bad for your health. A. go to bed B. goes to bed C. going to bed 三、句型转换 1.We should eat more fruit.（改为否定句） We ______ ______ more fruit. 2.She has a headache.（改为一般疑问句） ______ she ______ a headache? 3.Take some medicine.（改为否定句） ______ ______ any medicine. 4.The boy feels very well today.（改为否定句） The boy ______ ______ very well today. 5.We should drink more water.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ we ______? 6.He had a fever yesterday.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ ______ with him yesterday? 7.The health advice is very useful.（改为感叹句） ______ ______ the health advice is! 8.There are some healthy foods on the table.（用yesterday改写） There ______ some healthy foods on the table yesterday. 9.They are feeling happy now.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ they ______ now? 10.You should go to see a doctor.（改为祈使句） ______ ______ see a doctor. 四、补全对话A. What's wrong with you? B. You should take some medicine and have a rest. C. How are you feeling today? D. Did you see a doctor? E. I had a bad cold. A: Hi, Tom! You look tired. 1. ______ B: 2. ______ I felt terrible yesterday. A: 3. ______ B: Yes, I did. The doctor gave me some medicine. A: 4. ______ B: Much better. Thank you. A: You're welcome. 5. ______ And don't eat too much spicy food. B: I will. Thanks again. 五、从方框中选择合适的词补全短文 should, had, felt, took, drank, was, don't, eat, stay, worry Last week, Lily ______ not feel well. She ______ a fever and a cough. She ______ tired and sad. Her mother ______ her to see a doctor. The doctor said, "You have a bad cold. You ______ take some medicine every day. You should ______ more hot water. You should ______ at home and have a good rest. You ______ eat cold food. Don't ______ about your lessons. You'll get well soon." Lily followed the doctor's advice. Now she ______ much better. 参考答案 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1.We should ______ (do) sports every day to keep healthy. 2.You shouldn't ______ (eat) too much sweet food. It's bad for teeth. 3.She ______ (have) a cold yesterday, so she stayed at home. 4.— What's wrong with ______ (he)? — He ______ (cough) badly. 5.My mother ______ (take) some medicine last night because she had a headache. 6.They ______ (not feel) well this morning. They need to see a doctor. 7.______ (drink) more water when you have a fever. 8.Don't ______ (worry) about your lessons. We'll help you catch up. 9.There ______ (be) a lot of people in the hospital yesterday. 10.He ______ (should) go to bed early. He looks very tired. 二、单项选择 ( )1. We ______ eat more vegetables. They are good for our health. A. should B. shouldn't C. can't ( )2. — What's wrong with ______? — She has a bad fever. A. she B. her C. hers ( )3. — How are you feeling today? — ______. I can go to school now. A. Much better B. I have a headache C. I'm sad ( )4. ______ some medicine and have a good rest. A. Takes B. Take C. To take ( )5. — Do you have a headache? — ______. I need to take a rest. A. Yes, I do B. No, I don't C. Yes, I am ( )6. You ______ play football in the rain. You may get sick. A. should B. can C. shouldn't ( )7. There ______ a doctor and two nurses in the room just now. A. is B. was C. were ( )8. ______ interesting the health class is! A. What B. How C. What an ( )9. He ______ a cold last week. He ______ stay at home. A. has; should B. had; should C. had; should to ( )10. Don't ______ late. It's bad for your health. A. go to bed B. goes to bed C. going to bed 三、句型转换 1.We should eat more fruit.（改为否定句） We ______ ______ more fruit. 2.She has a headache.（改为一般疑问句） ______ she ______ a headache? 3.Take some medicine.（改为否定句） ______ ______ any medicine. 4.The boy feels very well today.（改为否定句） The boy ______ ______ very well today. 5.We should drink more water.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ we ______? 6.He had a fever yesterday.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ ______ with him yesterday? 7.The health advice is very useful.（改为感叹句） ______ ______ the health advice is! 8.There are some healthy foods on the table.（用yesterday改写） There ______ some healthy foods on the table yesterday. 9.They are feeling happy now.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ they ______ now? 10.You should go to see a doctor.（改为祈使句） ______ ______ see a doctor. 四、补全对话 A: Hi, Tom! You look tired. 1. ______ B: 2. ______ I felt terrible yesterday. A: 3. ______ B: Yes, I did. The doctor gave me some medicine. A: 4. ______ B: Much better. Thank you. A: You're welcome. 5. ______ And don't eat too much spicy food. B: I will. Thanks again. A. What's wrong with you? B. You should take some medicine and have a rest. C. How are you feeling today? D. Did you see a doctor? E. I had a bad cold. 五、从方框中选择合适的词补全短文 should, had, felt, took, drank, was, don't, eat, stay, worry Last week, Lily ______ not feel well. She ______ a fever and a cough. She ______ tired and sad. Her mother ______ her to see a doctor. The doctor said, "You have a bad cold. You ______ take some medicine every day. You should ______ more hot water. You should ______ at home and have a good rest. You ______ eat cold food. Don't ______ about your lessons. You'll get well soon." Lily followed the doctor's advice. Now she ______ much better. 参考答案 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1.do 2.eat 3.had 4.him; coughs 5.took 6.don't feel 7.Drink 8.worry 9.were 10.should 1.do 解析：“should”是情态动词，后接动词原形，故填do。 2.eat 解析：“shouldn't”是情态动词否定形式，后接动词原形，故填eat。 3.had 解析：句中“yesterday”（昨天）是过去时间标志，句子需用一般过去时，have的过去式为had，故填had。 4.him；coughs 解析：“with”是介词，后接人称代词宾格，he的宾格为him；后半句主语he是第三人称单数，谓语动词cough需用第三人称单数形式coughs，故分别填him和coughs。 5.took 解析：“last night”（昨晚）是过去时间，take的过去式为took，故填took。 6.don't feel 解析：句中“this morning”（今天早上）提示描述当前的身体状态，用一般现在时，主语they是复数，否定形式需加助动词don't，后接动词原形feel，故填don't feel。 7.Drink 解析：本句是祈使句，用于给出健康建议，祈使句以动词原形开头，句首首字母大写，故填Drink。 8.worry 解析：“Don't”后接动词原形，构成否定祈使句，故填worry。 9.were 解析：“yesterday”（昨天）是过去时间，there be句型遵循“就近原则”，“a lot of people”（许多人）是复数，be动词的过去式用were，故填were。 10.should 解析：根据后句“He looks very tired”（他看起来很累），可知此处表示“他应该早点睡觉”，“should”表示“应该”，无形式变化，故填should。 二、单项选择 1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.A 1.A 解析：根据句意“我们应该多吃蔬菜，它们对我们的健康有益”，“should”表示“应该”，“shouldn't”表示“不应该”，“can't”表示“不能”，A选项符合语境，故选A。 2.B 解析：“with”是介词，后接人称代词宾格，she的宾格为her，hers是名词性物主代词，she是主格，均不符合语法要求，故选B。 3.A 解析：问句“How are you feeling today?”（你今天感觉怎么样？），答句需回应身体感受，A选项“Much better”（好多了）符合语境；B选项“I have a headache”（我头痛）是回答身体不适的具体症状，不对应问句；C选项“I'm sad”（我很伤心）是情绪描述，并非身体感受，故选A。 4.B 解析：本句是祈使句，以动词原形开头，Takes是第三人称单数形式，To take是动词不定式，均不符合祈使句用法，故选B。 5.A 解析：问句是“Do you have...?”引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用“Yes, I do.”，否定回答用“No, I don't.”，A选项符合语法要求；B选项是否定回答，但与后句“I need to take a rest”（我需要休息）逻辑矛盾；C选项“Yes, I am”是对“Are you...?”句型的回答，不符合本句问句结构，故选A。 6.C 解析：根据后句“You may get sick”（你可能会生病），可知此处表示“你不应该在雨中踢足球”，“shouldn't”表示“不应该”，“should”表示“应该”，“can”表示“能”，C选项符合语境，故选C。 7.B 解析：“just now”（刚才）是过去时间，there be句型遵循“就近原则”，靠近be动词的“a doctor”（一名医生）是单数，be动词的过去式用was，故选B。 8.B 解析：感叹句结构有两种：“What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!”和“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!”，本句中“interesting”（有趣的）是形容词，后面直接接主语和谓语，符合“How”引导的感叹句结构，故选B。 9.B 解析：“last week”（上周）是过去时间，第一空需用一般过去时，have的过去式为had；“should”是情态动词，后接动词原形，无“should to”的用法，故选B。 10.A 解析：“Don't”后接动词原形，构成否定祈使句，goes to bed是第三人称单数形式，going to bed是现在分词形式，均不符合要求，故选A。 三、句型转换 1.shouldn't eat 2.Does; have 3.Don't take 4.doesn't feel 5.What should; do 6.What was wrong 7.How useful 8.were 9.How are; feeling 10.Go to 1.shouldn't eat 解析：原句是“should+动词原形”的肯定句，改为否定句时，在should后加not，缩写为shouldn't，后接动词原形eat，故填shouldn't eat。 2.Does；have 解析：原句主语she是第三人称单数，谓语动词have是实义动词，改为一般疑问句需加助动词Does（句首大写），后接动词原形have，故填Does和have。 3.Don't take 解析：原句是肯定祈使句，改为否定祈使句时，在动词原形前加Don't，some在否定句中改为any，故填Don't take。 4.doesn't feel 解析：原句主语the boy是第三人称单数，谓语动词feel是实义动词，改为否定句需加助动词doesn't，后接动词原形feel，故填doesn't feel。 5.What should；do 解析：划线部分“drink more water”（多喝水）是具体动作，对动作提问用what，原句含情态动词should，疑问句结构为“What+should+主语+动词原形?”，故填What should和do。 6.What was wrong 解析：划线部分“had a fever”（发烧）是身体不适的症状，询问过去某人怎么了用固定句型“What was wrong with sb.?”，句中“yesterday”提示用过去时，故填What was wrong。 7.How useful 解析：原句是陈述句，改为感叹句时，中心词是形容词useful，用“How+形容词+主语+谓语!”结构，故填How useful。 8.were 解析：用“yesterday”（昨天）改写，句子需改为一般过去时，there be句型中“some healthy foods”是复数，be动词的过去式用were，故填were。 9.How are；feeling 解析：划线部分“happy”（开心的）是情绪状态，对感受提问用how，原句是现在进行时，疑问句结构为“How+be动词+主语+现在分词?”，主语they是复数，be动词用are，故填How are和feeling。 10.Go to 解析：原句是“should+动词原形”的建议句，改为祈使句时，直接用动词原形开头，故填Go to。 四、补全对话 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. E 1. B 解析：根据前句“You look tired”（你看起来很累）和后句答语“I felt terrible yesterday”（我昨天感觉很糟糕），可知此处是询问对方身体状况，选项B（你怎么了？）符合语境，故选B。 2. A 解析：后句“I felt terrible yesterday”提示此处需说明身体不适的具体情况，选项A（我感冒了）符合语境，故选A。 3. D 解析：答句“Yes, I did. The doctor gave me some medicine”（是的，我去了。医生给了我一些药），可知问句是含Did的一般疑问句，选项D（你看医生了吗？）符合语境，故选D。 4. C 解析：答句“Much better”（好多了），可知问句是询问对方现在的身体感受，选项C（你今天感觉怎么样？）符合语境，故选C。 5. E 解析：结合前句医生给了药和后句“And don't eat too much spicy food”（并且不要吃太多辛辣食物），此处是给出健康建议，选项E（你应该吃点药）符合语境，故选E。 五、从方框中选择合适的词补全短文 1.felt 2.had 3.felt 4.took 5.should 6.drink 7.stay 8.don't 9.worry 10.is 1.felt 解析：“Last week”（上周）是过去时间，根据“not feel well”（感觉不舒服），此处需用feel的过去式felt，故填felt。 2.had 解析：“have a fever”（发烧）是固定搭配，过去式为had a fever，结合过去时间背景，故填had。 3.felt 解析：此处描述过去的情绪状态“疲惫且难过”，feel的过去式为felt，故填felt。 4.took 解析：“take sb. to see a doctor”（带某人去看医生）是固定搭配，过去式为took sb. to see a doctor，故填took。 5.should 解析：医生给出建议“应该每天吃药”，“should”表示“应该”，后接动词原形，故填should。 6.drink 解析：“should”后接动词原形，“drink more hot water”（多喝热水）是健康建议，故填drink。 7.stay 解析：“should”后接动词原形，“stay at home”（待在家里）是固定搭配，故填stay。 8.don't 解析：此处表示“不应该吃冷食”，否定祈使句用“Don't+动词原形”，但此处前面已有“You”，故用“You don't eat cold food”，填don't。 9.worry 解析：“Don't”后接动词原形，“worry about”（担心）是固定搭配，故填worry。 10.is 解析：“now”（现在）提示描述当前的身体状态，主语she是第三人称单数，be动词用is，故填is。 第 1 页 共 14 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $