Unit 2 语法讲解及习题：过去进行时 2025-2026学年冀教版英语八年级下册

冀教英语八下Unit2语法讲解及习题 过去进行时 一、语法详细讲解 本单元核心语法是过去进行时(Past Continuous Tense),用于描述过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。 (一)基本结构 肯定句:主语 + was/were + 动词的现在分词(v-ing) 否定句:主语 + was/were + not + 动词的现在分词(v-ing) 一般疑问句:Was/Were + 主语 + 动词的现在分词(v-ing)? 特殊疑问句:疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 动词的现在分词(v-ing)? 主谓搭配规则: 主语为I/he/she/it时,用was 主语为you/we/they或复数名词时,用were 例: I was riding my bicycle by the river.(我当时正在河边骑自行车。) My hand and knee were bleeding.(我的手和膝盖当时在流血。) (二)核心用法 1. 描述过去某一时刻正在进行的动作 常与表示过去具体时间的状语连用,如:at 8 o'clock yesterday, at that moment, when...等。 例:They were playing volleyball at ten o'clock yesterday morning.(昨天上午十点他们正在打排球。) 2. 描述过去某一段时间内持续进行的动作 常与表示过去时间段的状语连用,如:from 7 to 9 last night, all morning等。 例:I was talking with my friend from 7 to 8 last night.(昨晚7到8点我一直在和朋友聊天。) 3. 与when/while连用,描述过去两个动作的同时发生 when 引导的从句常用一般过去时,主句用过去进行时,表示“一个动作正在进行时,另一个动作突然发生”。 例:I was watching a bird when the basketball hit me.(我正在看鸟时,篮球砸到了我。) while 引导的从句常用过去进行时,主句也用过去进行时,表示“两个动作同时持续进行”。 例:While I was cleaning my room, my sister was listening to music.(我在打扫房间时,妹妹在听音乐。) (三)现在分词(v-ing)的变化规则 1. 一般动词:直接在词尾加-ing(例:ride riding, talk talking) 2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词:去e加-ing(例:take taking, make making) 3. 以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词:双写辅音字母再加-ing(例:run running, cut cutting) 4. 以ie结尾的动词:变ie为y再加-ing(例:lie lying, die dying) 二、习题训练 (一)单项选择 1. I _ my bicycle when I fell down. A. ride B. was riding C. rode 2. They _ volleyball at ten o'clock yesterday morning. A. play B. were playing C. played 3. _ you _ with your friend at that time? A. Did; talk B. Were; talking C. Are; talking 4. While I _ a bird, the basketball hit me. A. watched B. was watching C. watch 5. My hand and knee _ bleeding when I had the accident. A. was B. were C. are 6. —What _ you _ at 9:30 last night? —I _ to Fox. A. did; do; talked B. were; doing; was talking C. are; doing; am talking 7. He _ when he suddenly felt a pain in his knee. A. ran B. was running C. runs 8. While we _ Panda clean the room, we were also talking. A. helped B. were helping C. help 9. There _ a sharp rock sticking out of my helmet. A. was B. were C. is 10. —Why didn't you answer my call? —I _ a shower at that moment. A. took B. was taking C. take (二)用所给动词的正确形式填空 11. He _ (run) and suddenly felt a pain in his knee. 12. They _ (play) volleyball at ten o'clock yesterday morning. 13. I _ (talk) with my friend at that time. 14. The basketball hit me while I _ (watch) a bird. 15. I _ (talk) to Fox at that time. We were also helping Panda clean the room. 16. Between 9:30 and 10:00, I _ (take) a walk with Fox. 17. I _ (clean) my house at that time. 18. We _ (help) Panda while we were talking. (三)按要求改写句子 19. I was riding my bicycle by the river.(改为否定句) 20. They were playing volleyball at ten o'clock yesterday morning.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) 21. I was talking with my friend at that time.(对划线部分提问 ) 22. The basketball hit me while I was watching a bird.(对划线部分提问 ) 23. My hand and knee were bleeding.(改为单数句) 24. While I was cleaning my room, my sister was listening to music.(用when改写句子) (四)判断句子正误并改正 25. I was ride my bicycle when I fell. 26. They were play volleyball at ten o'clock yesterday morning. 27. Was you talking with your friend at that time? 28. While I watch a bird, the basketball hit me. 29. My hand and knee was bleeding. 30. I was take a shower when you called. (五)完形填空 It was a beautiful noon. I 31. _ (ride) my bicycle by the river, thinking about yesterday's baseball game. I guess I 32. _ (ride) over a hole in the road. All of a sudden, WHAM! I went down hard on my right side. That really hurt! My head hit the ground. I lay there for a few minutes. I tried to get up, but I couldn't! “There's something wrong with me,” I thought. I felt so terrible that I lay down again. Then I saw blood on my shoe. My hand and knee 33. _ (bleed). I was in a lot of pain. As I lay there, I took off my helmet. There 34. _ (be) a sharp rock sticking out of it. It was pretty scary to look at. Thank goodness I wore my helmet! I shouted for help. A driver stopped his truck and came to help me. He put my bike in the back of his truck and drove me to the hospital. When my mother got to the hospital, she gave me a big hug and kiss. “You were wearing your helmet this time. How lucky you were!” she said. She knew I was careless and did not always wear my helmet. But I'll never be careless again... My bicycle helmet saved my life! 三、答案及解析 (一)单项选择 1. B 解析:表示“我正在骑车时摔倒了”,用过去进行时。 2. B 解析:“昨天上午十点”是过去具体时刻,用过去进行时。 3. B 解析:“at that time”表示过去某一时刻,用过去进行时的一般疑问句形式。 4. B 解析:while引导的从句表示动作正在进行,用过去进行时。 5. B 解析:主语“my hand and knee”是复数,用were。 6. B 解析:询问“昨晚9:30你在做什么”,用过去进行时。 7. B 解析:表示“他正在跑步时突然膝盖疼”,用过去进行时。 8. B 解析:while引导的从句表示动作同时进行,用过去进行时。 9. A 解析:主语“a sharp rock”是单数,用was。 10. B 解析:“at that moment”表示过去某一时刻,用过去进行时。 (二)用所给动词的正确形式填空 11. was running 解析:表示过去正在进行的动作,用过去进行时。 12. were playing 解析:“昨天上午十点”是过去具体时刻,用过去进行时。 13. was talking 解析:“at that time”表示过去某一时刻,用过去进行时。 14. was watching 解析:while引导的从句表示动作正在进行,用过去进行时。 15. was talking 解析:“at that time”表示过去某一时刻,用过去进行时。 16. was taking 解析:“Between 9:30 and 10:00”是过去时间段,用过去进行时。 17. was cleaning 解析:“at that time”表示过去某一时刻,用过去进行时。 18. were helping 解析:while引导的从句表示动作同时进行,用过去进行时。 (三)按要求改写句子 19. I wasn't riding my bicycle by the river. 解析:过去进行时的否定句直接在was后加not。 20. Were they playing volleyball at ten o'clock yesterday morning? / Yes, they were. 解析:过去进行时的一般疑问句把were提前,肯定回答用“Yes, they were.” 21. When were you talking with your friend? 解析:对时间提问用when,把were提前。 22. When did the basketball hit you? 解析:对时间状语从句提问用when,主句用一般过去时。 23. My hand was bleeding.(或 My knee was bleeding.) 解析:改为单数句需去掉一个并列主语,使主语为单数(my hand 或 my knee),搭配be动词was,保持主谓一致。 24. When I was cleaning my room, my sister was listening to music. 解析:when可以替换while表示“当……时”,此处主句和从句均为持续动作,符合when的用法。 (四)判断句子正误并改正 25. 错误,改正:I was riding my bicycle when I fell. 解析:过去进行时结构为was/were + v-ing,ride的现在分词是riding。 26. 错误,改正:They were playing volleyball at ten o'clock yesterday morning. 解析:play的现在分词是playing,需符合过去进行时结构。 27. 错误,改正:Were you talking with your friend at that time? 解析:主语是you,对应的be动词用were而不是was。 28. 错误,改正:While I was watching a bird, the basketball hit me. 解析:while引导的从句需用过去进行时,watch的现在分词是watching。 29. 错误,改正:My hand and knee were bleeding. 解析:主语“my hand and knee”是复数,对应的be动词用were而不是was。 30. 错误,改正:I was taking a shower when you called. 解析:take的现在分词是taking,需符合过去进行时结构。 (五)完形填空 31. was riding 解析:表示过去正在进行的动作,用过去进行时。 32. was riding 解析:表示过去正在进行的动作,用过去进行时。 33. were bleeding 解析:主语“my hand and knee”是复数,用were + bleeding。 34. was 解析:主语“a sharp rock”是单数,对应的be动词用was。 ( 1 ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $