Unit 7 Be a Better Learner 形容词后缀-al、时间状语从句-【简语法-单元核心语法精练】英语八年级下册（仁爱科普版2024）

该初中英语单元复习资料以“Be a Better Learner”为主题，聚焦形容词后缀-al和时间状语从句核心语法，通过表格整合知识点、例句及应用场景，构建“知识梳理-专项突破-综合应用”递进式学习路径，系统助力学生掌握语法要点并提升语言运用能力。 亮点在于“语法-语用-文化”融合的任务设计，如阅读理解中“自动驾驶汽车观点辨析”培养思维品质，语法填空结合“茶文化剪纸”“茶代墨绘画”渗透文化意识，单词拼写、完成句子等分层练习提升语言能力。资料通过易错点提示、题型梯度设计，为学生单元复习提供精准支持，也为教师实施针对性教学提供清晰指导。

单元核心语法精练 Unit 7 Be a Better Learner（新教材仁爱科普版） （形容词后缀-al、时间状语从句） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 表格整合两大语法模块的核心知识点，涵盖后缀变化规则、时间状语从句引导词用法，搭配典型例句与应用场景，助力系统掌握语法要点。 语法模块 核心要点 具体内容 典型例句及翻译 一、形容词后缀 -al 1. 核心功能 加在名词后，构成形容词，表 “具有…… 性质的” 或 “与…… 相关的” - 2. 构成规则 ① 直接加 -al ② 以 -e 结尾的名词，去 e 加 -al ③ 特殊形式（无固定规则，需记忆） - 3. 规则示例与词汇 ① 直接加 -al：education→educational（教育的）、nation→national（国家的）、digit→digital（数字的）、profession→professional（专业的） ② 去 e 加 -al：culture→cultural（文化的）、nature→natural（自然的） ③ 特殊形式：music→musical（音乐的）、person→personal（个人的） ① This is an educational game.（这是一个教育类游戏。） ② We should respect cultural differences.（我们应该尊重文化差异。） ③ She has great musical talent.（她很有音乐天赋。） 二、时间状语从句 1. 定义 表示主句动作发生的时间，由从属连词引导 - 2. 核心引导词及用法 ① when：当…… 时，可指时间点 / 时间段，主从句动作可同时 / 先后发生 ② while：当…… 时，强调时间段，从句常用进行时，主从句动作同时发生 ③ before：在…… 之前 ④ after：在…… 之后 ⑤ as soon as：一…… 就……，强调动作紧密衔接 ⑥ until：直到…… 为止，not…until 表 “直到…… 才” ① When the teacher came in, we were reading.（当老师进来时，我们正在读书。） ② While I was studying, my brother was playing games.（当我在学习时，我弟弟在玩游戏。） ③ Review your notes before you take an exam.（考试前要复习笔记。） ④ After you finish your homework, you can watch TV.（你完成作业后可以看电视。） ⑤ I will call you as soon as I get home.（我一到家就给你打电话。） ⑥ I didn't understand it until the teacher explained again.（直到老师又解释了一遍，我才明白。） 3. 常用句型结构 ① 主句（一般过去时）+ when/while + 从句（过去进行时） ② 主句（一般将来时）+ as soon as/before/after + 从句（一般现在时） ③ 主句（否定式）+ until + 从句（肯定式） ① He was reading when the rain started.（下雨时他正在看书。） ② I will visit you as soon as I finish my work.（我一完成工作就去看你。） ③ She didn't leave until the meeting ended.（直到会议结束她才离开。） 使用注意事项 1. 后缀 -al 拼写易错点：以 -e 结尾的名词需先去 e 再加 -al（如 nature→natural，不可写成 natureal）；特殊形式需单独记忆（如 person→personal，而非 personnal）。 2. when 与 while 区别：while 从句多为进行时态，强调动作持续；when 从句可接任意时态，可指瞬间或持续动作。 3. 时态一致性：时间状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句需用一般现在时表将来（如 “as soon as he comes” 而非 “as soon as he will come”）。 4. until 与 not…until 差异：until 表 “动作持续到某时”，需搭配持续性动词；not…until 表 “直到某时才发生动作”，搭配短暂性动词。 一、单词拼写 1. Don’t judge a person by his (appear), because inner beauty is more important. 【答案】appearance 【详解】句意：不要以貌取人，因为内在美更重要。appear是动词，此处需要名词形式appearance表示“外貌，外观”，且appearance为不可数名词。故填appearance。 2. He can play some instruments. (music) 【答案】musical 【详解】句意：他会演奏一些乐器。music“音乐”，名词，此处需要用形容词修饰名词instruments“乐器”，music的形容词形式是musical。故填musical。 3. It has a lot of (history) buildings and a long history. 【答案】historical 【详解】句意：这里有许多历史建筑，还有悠久的历史。history“历史”，是名词，此处需用形容词修饰名词buildings，history的形容词形式是historical“历史的”。故填historical。 4. We learned about (culture) traditions around the world in yesterday’s class. 【答案】cultural 【详解】句意：我们在昨天的课上了解了世界各地的文化传统。根据括号内的单词提示可知，culture意为“文化”，是名词；此处需要修饰名词traditions，修饰名词需用形容词形式，culture的形容词形式是cultural，表示“文化的”。故填cultural。 5. Please leave us alone. We have something (person) to talk about. 【答案】personal 【详解】句意：请让我们单独待着。我们有些私事要谈。person“人”，是名词，设空处修饰不定代词something，需用其形容词形式personal“个人的”，修饰不定代词的形容词要后置。故填personal。 6. The (arrive) of the new phones has attracted a lot of buyers. 【答案】arrival 【详解】句意：新手机的到来吸引了很多买家。空格处缺名词，arrive是动词，其名词形式是arrival，表示“到达，到来”。故填arrival。 7. I’ve spent ten years living in the (centre) part of this beautiful city, Yixing. 【答案】central 【详解】句意：我已经在宜兴这座美丽城市的中心区域生活了十年。空处需要一个形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词part，centre的形容词形式是central。故填central。 8. The company (office) announced (宣布) some new rules at the meeting. 【答案】official/officer 【详解】句意：公司的工作人员/官员在会议上宣布了一些新规定。office意为“办公室”，是名词。根据“The company ... announced ...”可知，此处需要填一个名词，表示“公司的相关人员”。“official”意为“官员、行政人员”，也可表示公司里的行政人员，符合语境；“officer”意为“工作人员、职员”，符合“公司人员”的语境。故填official/officer。 9. The (medicine) team has saved many lives in this area. 【答案】medical 【详解】句意：这支医疗队在该地区挽救了许多生命。medicine“药；医学”，是名词，此处需用形容词修饰名词team，medical“医疗的；医学的”符合语境。故填medical。 10．Farmers need (practice) skills in planting crops. 【答案】practical 【详解】句意：农民需要种植庄稼的实用技能。practice意为“练习，实践”，根据“skills”可知，此处需用形容词修饰名词，practice的形容词为practical“实用的”。故填practical。 11．It’s (nature) for kids to feel nervous before a big exam. 【答案】natural 【详解】句意：孩子们在大型考试前感到紧张是很自然的。nature意为“自然，天性”，名词，根据“It’s ... for kids to ...”的句式可知，此处需用形容词作表语，构成固定句式“It’s + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.”，意为“对某人来说，做某事是……”。nature的形容词为natural“自然的”。故填natural。 12．The festival is an important (culture) event in our community. 【答案】cultural 【详解】句意：这个节日是我们社区重要的文化活动。culture“文化”，为名词，根据提示可知，此处表达“文化活动”，需用形容词来修饰event，所以culture要改为其形容词cultural。故填cultural。 13．We have a lot of (tradition) festivals in China. 【答案】traditional 【详解】句意：在中国我们有很多传统的节日。tradition“传统”，名词，根据“a lot of ... festivals”可知，此处需用形容词修饰名词festivals，tradition的形容词为traditional“传统的”。故填traditional。 14．My trip to the UK is (education). 【答案】educational 【详解】句意：我的英国之旅很有教育意义。本句中“My trip to the UK”为主语，意为“我的英国之旅”，“is”为系动词，故需要填加一个形容词，构成“主系表”结构。education意为“教育”，其形容词形式为“educational”，意为“有教育意义的”。故填educational。 15．Mozart was one of the most famous in the world. (music) 【答案】musicians 【详解】句意：莫扎特是世界上最著名的音乐家之一。one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最……之一”；根据常识可知，Mozart是一位音乐家，musician音乐家。故填musicians。 二、完成句子 16．在你交卷以前，请认真检查。 Before you the test paper, check it carefully. 【答案】hand in 【详解】hand in“交上”，动词短语；“before”引导的时间状语从句中，动词用一般现在时表示将来动作；主语是you，谓语用动词原形。故填hand in。 17．你一到这里就会明白我的意思了! You’ll see what I mean you get here! 【答案】 as soon as 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“一……就”。as soon as“一……就”，连词。故填as；soon；as。 18．We will stay there until the end of the holiday.(改为同义句) We will stay there until the holiday . 【答案】 is over 【详解】句意：我们将在那里一直待到假期结束。原句中“until the end of the holiday”表示“直到假期结束”，其中“the end of”表示“……的结束”，可以用“be over”来替换，not...until...在此处引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句时态是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，主语“the holiday”是第三人称单数，所以be动词用is。故填is；over。 19．Linda likes reading books in her free time. (同义句转换) Linda likes reading books . 【答案】 when she is free 【详解】句意：琳达喜欢在空闲时间看书。原句意为“琳达喜欢在空闲时间看书”，需要将其转换为同义句，when意为“当……时”，she意为“她”，is free意为“有空”，可以用when引导的时间状语从句来替换介词短语in her free time，故填when；she；is；free。 20．孩子们一回到花园，春天也随着他们回来了。 the children came back to the garden, spring returned with them. 【答案】 As soon as 【详解】根据句意可知，此处表示“一……就……”，用短语“as soon as”，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填As；soon；as。 21．我一坐在电视机前，我妈妈就走了过来。 My mom came over I sat down in front of the TV. 【答案】as soon as 【详解】对比中英文可知需填“一……就……”的表达，as soon as一……就……，引导时间状语从句，符合题意。故填as soon as。 22．她从小就想当演员。 She wanted to be an actress . 【答案】from an early age/when she was young 【详解】结合中英文提示可知，此处所缺表达为“她从小”，可用介词短语from an early age“从小”，也可用时间状语从句，由wanted可知此处应用一般过去时，即when she was young“在她小时候”，故填from an early age/when she was young。 23．直到孩子睡着了，她才离开房间。（完成译句） She leave the room the child fell asleep. 【答案】 didn’t until 【详解】本句为强调句型，表示“直到……才……”的结构。根据“the child fell asleep”可知时态为一般过去时，用否定句didn’t和until引导时间状语从句；主句谓语为didn’t leave，until引导的时间状语从句使用一般过去时fell asleep。故填didn’t；until。 24．当你离开课室时，请关掉所有灯。 you leave the classroom, please all the lights. 【答案】 When turn off 【详解】when“当……时”，turn off“关闭”，主句是祈使句的肯定形式，2空应填动词原形，故填When；turn；off。 25．I must back up all my important files first. Then I will update my phone’s software.(两句合并为一句) I update my phone’s software I back up all my important files. 【答案】 won’t/will until/after 【详解】句意：我必须先备份所有重要文件。然后我才会更新手机软件。根据常识可知，要先备份再更新，用“not...until...”意为“直到……才……”结构符合句意主句“will update”的否定形式为“won’t update”；从句用“until”引导。或者使用“will+主句动作+after+从句动作”结构，故填won’t/will；until/after。 26．She will leave the office when she finishes the report.(保持句子意思不变) She leave the office she finishes the report. 【答案】 won’t until 【详解】句意：她完成报告后才会离开办公室。保持句意不变需用“not...until...”结构，表示“直到…… 才……”，一般将来时的否定形式为“won’t”。故填won’t；until。 27．然而，疲劳的孩子们直到晚上七点之后才到家。 However, the tired children get home after 7:00 p.m. 【答案】 didn’t until 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处填“直到……时候，才……”，可以使用not…until…句型；由句意可知，该句应用一般过去时态，否定句用助动词did构成，与not缩写为didn’t；第二个空填until。故填didn’t；until。 28．你只要沿着主街走直到你经过中心大街。 You just Main Street you pass Center Street. 【答案】 go along until 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，这是一个时间状语从句，until表示“直到”；along表示“沿着”；go表示“走”；时态为一般现在时，主语是you，谓语动词用原形。故填go；along；until。 29．当他的答复来了，他们打开它，发现里面有一首诗。 his reply came, they opened it a poem inside. 【答案】 When to find 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，第一空缺少 “当……时候”，引导时间状语从句且位于句首，首字母需大写，对应的英文表达为When；find“发现”，分析句子可知，此处是动词不定式作状语。故填When；to；find。 30．直到去年Jack才意识到学习英语的重要性。 Jack realize the importance of learning English last year. 【答案】 didn’t until 【详解】not…until“直到……才”，根据last year可知，此句是一般过去时，否定借助于助动词didn’t，故填didn’t；until。 三、阅读理解 A Self-driving cars, run by AI and special sensors (感应器), promise a future where cars no longer need a human in the driver’s seat. However, people have different thoughts about this new technology. Here are the opinions of five people from several walks of life. “As a technology lover, I’m really excited about self-driving cars! Some people say these cars have problems, but engineers promise they will get better. Although they aren’t perfect yet, they make fewer mistakes than human drivers, and this will make our roads a lot safer.” “I’m really against (反对) self-driving cars. What are all of us taxi drivers going to do to make a living if we’ve all been replaced by AI? Can a machine really deal with busy city streets better than people? I think we need humans to drive safely in those environments.” “I’m optimistic about self-driving cars, especially for my online shopping business. And I wouldn’t have to spend money on delivery drivers. It would be a great way for me to save money.” “Self-driving cars would be a real step forward in our fight against climate (气候) change. Human driving habits waste fuel (燃料) and make pollution. If computers drive cars perfectly, they will use less energy and lower the air pollution.” “From my point of view, self-driving cars raise interesting questions. Who is legally (法律上) responsible if an accident happens? The car owner, the car maker, the software designer, or the AI itself? I’m worried that this may bring a lot of troubles to lawyers’ work!” 1. This passage mainly talks about ________. A．the development of smart cars B．the thoughts about AI technology C．the opinions about self-driving cars D．the problems caused by self-driving cars 2. In Henry’s view, the underlined word “they” refers to ________. A．city roads B．car engineers C．human drivers D．self-driving cars 3. What is Carl’s main worry? A．Taxi drivers might lose their jobs. B．Self-driving cars are too expensive. C．Self-driving cars may waste more fuel. D．Computers cannot drive in busy streets. 4. How many people are against the idea of self-driving cars? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 5. What can we learn from the passage? A．Self-driving cars have been widely used in all walks of life. B．Self-driving cars could make business owners spend more money. C．Self-driving cars make it possible to cut down the air pollution. D．Self-driving car makers are legally responsible for accidents. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. A 5. C 【导语】本文主要讨论了人们对“自动驾驶汽车”的不同看法。 1. 主旨大意题。根据“However, people have different thoughts about this new technology. Here are the opinions of five people from several walks of life.”并通读全文可知，本文主要讨论了人们对“自动驾驶汽车”的不同看法。故选C。 2. 词义猜测题。根据“Some people say these cars have problems, but engineers promise they will get better.”可知，有人认为自动驾驶汽车有问题，但工程师们承诺它们会变得更好。由此可知，they指代的是self-driving cars“自动驾驶汽车”。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据“What are all of us taxi drivers going to do to make a living if we’ve all been replaced by AI?”可推知，作为出租车司机，Carl最大的担忧是自动驾驶会取代人类司机，导致出租车司机失业。故选A。 4. 细节理解题。根据“I’m really against (反对) self-driving cars.”可知，只有Carl明确表示了反对，其余人都未表现出明确的反对态度，所以仅有1人反对。故选A。 5. 细节理解题。根据“If computers drive cars perfectly, they will use less energy and lower the air pollution.”可知，Emily认为自动驾驶汽车将减少能源消耗并降低空气污染，因此我们可以知道自动驾驶汽车有助于减少空气污染。故选C。 B Isabel was a princess. Most girls would have loved to take her place, but Isabel was unhappy about being a princess. She hated wearing dresses, and she never knew what to do with her ladies-in-waiting (侍女). One day, she was bored and sat by the window in her room. Then she noticed a frog hopping (跳) across the window, and thought of the story of The Frog Prince. Suddenly interested, she opened the window and called to the little frog, “Mr. Frog, come here please!” To her surprise, the frog hopped back to her. “Yes?” asked the frog. “If I kissed you, would you turn into a prince?” asked Isabel. “No, my magic is different. You would be the one changing. You would turn into whatever you were thinking of.” “Great! That’s exactly what I need!” replied the princess. “Yes, but take heed. Many people are not happy with what they change into. Instead, they were much happier with the way they used to be,” reminded the frog. “Oh, don’t worry. I’d like to be just anyone else now.” Isabel couldn’t wait to get close to the frog. However, just as she kissed the frog, she saw a dog running out of the palace. It made Isabel think of her own dog. Before she knew it, Isabel looked down and saw white fur (皮毛) all over her body. What had she done? Seeing this, the frog shook his head, saying, “Why do people always envy (嫉妒) others’ life but look down on their own?” 1. Isabel was unhappy because she ________. A．disliked to be a princess B．had few ladies-in-waiting C．feared to be replaced D．had no beautiful dresses to wear 2. What’s the right order of the following events? ① Isabel called to a frog.       ② Isabel thought of her dog. ③ Isabel knew a different magic.     ④ Isabel sat by the window. A．①③②④ B．④①②③ C．④①③② D．①④③② 3. Picture ________ shows Isabel’s feeling when the frog told her about his magic. A． B． C． D． 4. The underlined phrase “take heed” probably means ______. A．be brave B．be careful C．be quiet D．be fast 5. The story tells us that we should ______. A．use magic to solve problems B．keep away from changes in life C．rewrite famous stories creatively D．treasure ourselves as who we are 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲了不满当公主的伊莎贝尔，不听青蛙提醒，亲吻青蛙后因想到狗而变身，青蛙反问人为何羡他人轻自己，故事劝人珍惜自身。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Most girls would have loved to take her place, but Isabel was unhappy about being a princess.”可知，伊莎贝尔不高兴是因为她不喜欢当公主。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“One day, she was bored and sat by the window in her room.（④）”“Suddenly interested, she opened the window and called to the little frog（①）”“No, my magic is different. You would be the one changing. You would turn into whatever you were thinking of.（③）”“However, just as she kissed the frog, she saw a dog running out of the palace. It made Isabel think of her own dog.（②）”可知，事件的正确顺序是④①③②。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据“‘Great! That’s exactly what I need!’ replied the princess.”可知，当青蛙告诉伊莎贝尔它的魔法时，伊莎贝尔是兴奋、开心的。故选A。 4. 词句猜测题。根据“Many people are not happy with what they change into. Instead, they were much happier with the way they used to be”可知，青蛙是在提醒伊莎贝尔要注意很多人对自己变成的样子并不满意，反而更满意以前的自己，所以“take heed”意思是“小心、注意”。故选B。 5. 主旨大意题。根据“Seeing this, the frog shook his head, saying, ‘Why do people always envy (嫉妒) others’ life but look down on their own?’”可知，这个故事告诉我们不应该羡慕别人的生活而轻视自己的生活，要珍惜自己本来的样子。故选D。 C Mr. Clarke lives at the foot of the mountain. He keeps the forest for a rich farmer there. The only road to the forest is just in front of his house. He can easily see the people who want to enter the forest. Sometimes he has to be on duty at night. When he hears some sound, he has to get up to see if someone cuts the trees. One day he bought something in the town. He found a strong dog and bought it. He loves it very much and often gives some meat or bread to it. And when a strange man walks close to his house, it barks (吠) loudly. So he can soon know about it and goes out to find out who it is. But last week something was wrong with Mr. Clarke. He didn’t feel well and couldn’t fall asleep in the evening. He had to go to a hospital in the town. The doctor looked him over and then asked, “Have you got a dog, sir?” “Yes, I have got one.” “You have got a skin disease (皮肤病),” said the doctor. “I am sure your dog infected (传染) it to you. You can’t come in touch (接触) with it any longer.” When he came out of the hospital, he met a friend and told him about it. The man asked, “What are you going to do, to sell your dog or to give it to another man?” “Neither,” answered Mr. Clarke, “I have decided to see another doctor. It’s much easier to find a doctor than to buy a good dog!” 1. Mr. Clarke lives at the foot of the mountain because ________. A．it’s very quiet there B．he has a farm there C．his work is to keep the forest D．he can enjoy himself there 2. Mr. Clarke is afraid ________, so he bought a dog. A．someone cuts the trees B．some animals hurt him C．someone hurts him D．someone picks the fruit 3. The doctor asked Mr. Clarke ________. A．to live in hospital at once B．to sell his dog C．not to leave the forest D．not to touch his dog 4. Mr. Clarke got a skin disease (皮肤病) from ________. A．the doctor B．his friends C．the thief D．his dog 5. Which of the following is true? A．Mr. Clarke would hurt his dog. B．Mr. Clarke didn’t want to look after his dog. C．Mr. Clarke would give his dog to another man. D．Mr. Clarke decided to continue (继续) to be with his dog. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. D 【导语】本文讲的是克拉克先生买了一条狗，一起住在山脚下，替一位农场主看守森林。后来他得了皮肤病，医生建议他不要同狗接触，但他同狗有了感情，宁可另找医生治病，也不愿同那劳苦功高的狗分离。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Mr. Clarke lives at the foot of the mountain. He keeps the forest for a rich farmer there.”可知，克拉克先生住在山脚下，因为他为那里的一个富农看守森林。故选C。 2. 推理判断题。根据“When he hears some sound, he has to get up to see if someone cuts the trees.”及“He found a strong dog and bought it.”可知，克拉克先生买狗是为了防止有人砍树。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据“You can’t come in touch (接触) with it any longer.”可知，医生建议他不要再接触狗。故选D。 4. 细节理解题。根据“I am sure your dog infected (传染) it to you.”可知，克拉克先生的皮肤病是狗传染的。故选D。 5. 推理判断题。根据“I have decided to see another doctor. It’s much easier to find a doctor than to buy a good dog!”可知，克拉克先生拒绝丢掉自己的狗，决定再找个医生，所以克拉克先生决定继续和他的狗在一起。故选D。 四、语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入恰当的词 (不超过两词)，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Cars are becoming more and more important now. We are happy that they make people’s life 1 (good) than before. But unluckily, cars also bring many problems, such as traffic accidents. Traffic 2 (safe) is everybody’s business, so we need to follow the rules. For example, we must walk on the sidewalk. When we cross the road, stop and look right and left, then go 3 fast. Don’t play football on the road. And we can tell 4 (we) parents not to drink before they drive, not to run through red lights, and not to talk and laugh 5 driving. On one hand, when 6 pedestrian wants to be on time, he or she often 7 (fail) to look at the cars crossing on the road. This will bring traffic accidents 8 (easy). On the other hand, the drivers also want to be on time and then ignore (忽视) the traffic rules. It is also easy 9 (have) traffic accidents. In a word, we should be careful on the road. Life is the 10 (one) and it’s more important than Mount Tai. 【答案】 1. better 2. safety 3. across 4. our 5. while 6. a 7. fails 8. easily 9. to have 10. first 【导语】本文主要讲述了汽车给我们生活带来便利的同时又带来很多问题，只有每个人都提高安全意识，我们才能真正的安全。 1. 句意：我们很高兴他们让人们的生活比以前更好。good“好的”，形容词，根据“than before”可知，此处用good的比较级。故填better。 2. 句意：交通安全是每个人的事，所以我们需要遵守规则。此处作主语，应用形容词safe“安全的”的名词形式safety“安全”。故填safety。 3. 句意：过马路时，停下来左右看，然后快速过马路。根据“When we cross the road”可知，此处表示“过马路”。go across the road“过马路”。故填across。 4. 句意：我们可以告诉父母开车前不要喝酒，不要闯红灯，开车时不要谈笑风生。we“我们”，此处修饰名词parents，用形容词性物主代词our“我们的”。故填our。 5. 句意：我们可以告诉父母开车前不要喝酒，不要闯红灯，开车时不要谈笑风生。根据“not to talk and laugh … driving”可知，开车时不要谈笑风生。while“当……时”，表示两个动作同时进行。故填while。 6. 句意：一方面，当行人想准时到达时，他或她经常看不到路上的汽车。根据“wants”可知，主语为单数，名词pedestrian“行人”前面加不定冠词a。故填a。 7. 句意：一方面，当行人想准时到达时，他或她经常看不到路上的汽车。时态为一般现在时，主语为he or she，动词fail“失败，未能”用第三人称单数形式。故填fails。 8. 句意：这很容易造成交通事故。easy“容易的”，此处用其副词形式修饰动词。故填easily。 9. 句意：交通事故也很容易发生。It’s+adj+to do sth“做某事……”，此处用动词have“有”的不定式形式。故填to have。 10. 句意：生命是第一位的，它重于泰山。根据“and it’s more important than Mount Tai”可知，生命是第一位的，此处用one“一”的序数词first“第一位的”。故填first。 Passage 2 短文填词。阅读下面短文，根据语境或单词提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Fu Zhao’e, 65, is a paper cutting artist in Ningxia. Every year, when the Chinese New Year gets closer, Fu is always busy 1 (fold) and cutting red paper. Fu learned paper cutting from her mother and saw it as 2 hobby. After high school, she opened a restaurant to make a living. Although she was busy, she 3 (continue) making paper cuttings in her free time. Later, some paper cuttings made by 4 (she) appeared in the local (当地的) newspaper. Lots of people liked her works, and she felt 5 (excite). She began to take part in many competitions. 6 her surprise, she got some prizes. In 1997, Fu showed her skills at the Zhenbeibu film studio. She could cut out a portrait (肖像) of a visitor in three minutes. That made the visitors 7 (complete) shocked. Fu enjoys making paper cuttings. A good paper-cutting work can give her a feeling of satisfaction. Also, it’s a fun way to tell stories. Fu once made some works about Journey to the West. 8 soon as they came out, they got popular. “Paper cutting is a kind of traditional art. We Chinese are used to putting up paper cuttings on 9 (window) and doors for good luck. Now, more young people are interested 10 paper cutting. I will try my best to work for the development of the art,” Fu said. 【答案】 1. folding 2. a 3. continued 4. her 5. excited 6. To 7. completely 8. As 9. windows 10. in 【导语】本文主要讲述了宁夏剪纸艺术家伏兆娥的剪纸经历和成就。 1. 句意：每年，当春节临近时，伏总是忙着折红纸、剪红纸。be busy doing“忙于做某事”，是固定搭配。故填folding。 2. 句意：伏从母亲那里学会了剪纸，并把它当作一种爱好。根据“Fu learned paper cutting from her mother and saw it as...hobby.”可知，她把剪纸当作一项爱好，hobby以辅音音素发音开头，空处应是不定冠词a。故填a。 3. 句意：尽管她很忙，但还是会在空闲时间继续做剪纸。结合“was”可知，句子用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填continued。 4. 句意：后来，由她制作的一些剪纸出现在当地的报纸上。根据“some paper cuttings made by...(she)”可知，此处指由她制作的剪纸，介词by后接宾格her。故填her。 5. 句意：很多人喜欢她的作品，她感到很兴奋。根据“Lots of people liked her works, and she felt...(excite).”可知，作品得到别人的喜爱，她感到很兴奋，修饰人，用形容词excited，作表语。故填excited。 6. 句意：令她惊讶的是，她获得了一些奖项。to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”，是固定短语。故填To。 7. 句意：这使参观者完全震惊了。根据“That made the visitors...(complete) shocked.”可知，空处修饰形容词shocked，应用副词形式completely“完全地，彻底地”。故填completely。 8. 句意：它们一问世就大受欢迎。as soon as“一……就……”，是固定短语。故填As。 9. 句意：我们中国人习惯在门窗上贴剪纸，祈求好运。window是可数名词，结合“and doors”可知，空处也应是复数形式，故填windows。 10. 句意：现在，越来越多的年轻人对剪纸感兴趣。be interested in“对……感兴趣”，是形容词短语。故填in。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Chinese ink (墨) painting is known as “shui mo hua”. Usually, black and white are 1 only two colors in this kind of painting. But it seems challenging to beginners. A creative DIY way now makes it 2 (easy) and more fun-using tea instead of ink! The painting starts 3 learning the spirit of ink painting: to paint the main idea, not the 4 (detail). Then, instead of preparing ink, you just 5 (most) make cups of black tea of different thicknesses. Light tea 6 (act) as light ink for faraway mountains or soft clouds, while strong, dark tea works for clear lines like tree branches. Finally, a simple brush and white paper are all you need to start 7 (you) own painting. “It’s less stressful than traditional ink 8 —tea looks softer and mistakes can become part of the picture,” said instructor Ms. Zhang. This activity is not about being perfect, but about 9 (enjoy) the calm and beauty of Chinese art in a relaxing way. It connects modern young people with 10 (tradition) beauty through a daily item-tea, making culture accessible and enjoyable. 【答案】 1. the 2. easier 3. with 4. details 5. mostly 6. acts 7. your 8. painting 9. enjoying 10. traditional 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国水墨画，其对初学者来说具有挑战，用茶代墨的DIY方式让水墨画更易有趣。绘画先学精神，再用不同浓度茶作画，这个方式可以帮助年轻人感受中国艺术的美。 1. 句意：通常，黑色和白色是这种绘画中仅有的两种颜色。根据“black and white are…only two colors”可知，空格处应表示特指“仅有两种颜色”，用定冠词“the”表示。故填the。 2. 句意：一种创造性的DIY方式让这件事变得更容易、更有趣——用茶代替墨水！根据“A creative DIY way now makes it…(easy) and more fun-using tea instead of ink!”可知，此处应填入形容词的比较级形式，easy的比较级是easier。故填easier。 3. 句意：这幅画从学习水墨画的精神开始。根据“starts…learning ”可知，固定表达，start with…“以……开始”，表示“从学习水墨画的精神开始”，符合语境。故填with。 4. 句意：描绘核心思想，而非细节。detail“细节”，可数名词；在描述绘画中的细节时，有很多细节，此处应用其复数形式。故填details。 5. 句意：然后，不用准备墨水，你只需制作不同浓度的茶。根据“you just…(most) make cups of black tea”可知，空格处应填入一个副词修饰动词“make”，“most”的副词形式为“mostly”，表示“主要地”。故填mostly。 6. 句意：淡茶充当淡墨水，用于画远处的山脉或柔软的云朵。根据“Light tea…(act) as light ink for faraway mountains or soft clouds,”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语是单数“Light tea”，空格处用动词act的第三人称单数形式。故填acts。 7. 句意：最后，一支简单的画笔和一张白纸就是你开始自己的绘画所需的一切。根据“start …(you) own painting.”可知，此处表示“开始你的绘画”，应用you的形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词“painting”。故填your。 8. 句意：它比传统的水墨画更少压力，因为茶看起来更柔和，而且错误也可以成为画面的一部分。根据“traditional ink…”可知，空格处缺少名词，联系上下文可知此处应用“painting”与“traditional ink”连用，表示“传统的水墨画”。故填painting。 9. 句意：这个活动不是为了追求完美，而是以一种轻松的方式享受中国艺术的宁静与美丽。根据“about”可知，about为介词，后接动词需用其动名词形式；enjoy的动名词形式为enjoying。故填enjoying。 10. 句意：它通过日常用品—茶，把现代年轻人与传统之美联系起来，让文化变得触手可及且令人愉悦。根据“It connects modern young people with…(tradition) beauty”可知，tradition“传统”，名词；空格处应用形容词形式修饰后面的名词“beauty”，表示“把现代年轻人与传统之美联系起来”。故填traditional。 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $单元核心语法精练 Unit 7 Be a Better Learner（新教材仁爱科普版） （形容词后缀-al、时间状语从句） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 表格整合两大语法模块的核心知识点，涵盖后缀变化规则、时间状语从句引导词用法，搭配典型例句与应用场景，助力系统掌握语法要点。 语法模块 核心要点 具体内容 典型例句及翻译 一、形容词后缀 -al 1. 核心功能 加在名词后，构成形容词，表 “具有…… 性质的” 或 “与…… 相关的” - 2. 构成规则 ① 直接加 -al ② 以 -e 结尾的名词，去 e 加 -al ③ 特殊形式（无固定规则，需记忆） - 3. 规则示例与词汇 ① 直接加 -al：education→educational（教育的）、nation→national（国家的）、digit→digital（数字的）、profession→professional（专业的） ② 去 e 加 -al：culture→cultural（文化的）、nature→natural（自然的） ③ 特殊形式：music→musical（音乐的）、person→personal（个人的） ① This is an educational game.（这是一个教育类游戏。） ② We should respect cultural differences.（我们应该尊重文化差异。） ③ She has great musical talent.（她很有音乐天赋。） 二、时间状语从句 1. 定义 表示主句动作发生的时间，由从属连词引导 - 2. 核心引导词及用法 ① when：当…… 时，可指时间点 / 时间段，主从句动作可同时 / 先后发生 ② while：当…… 时，强调时间段，从句常用进行时，主从句动作同时发生 ③ before：在…… 之前 ④ after：在…… 之后 ⑤ as soon as：一…… 就……，强调动作紧密衔接 ⑥ until：直到…… 为止，not…until 表 “直到…… 才” ① When the teacher came in, we were reading.（当老师进来时，我们正在读书。） ② While I was studying, my brother was playing games.（当我在学习时，我弟弟在玩游戏。） ③ Review your notes before you take an exam.（考试前要复习笔记。） ④ After you finish your homework, you can watch TV.（你完成作业后可以看电视。） ⑤ I will call you as soon as I get home.（我一到家就给你打电话。） ⑥ I didn't understand it until the teacher explained again.（直到老师又解释了一遍，我才明白。） 3. 常用句型结构 ① 主句（一般过去时）+ when/while + 从句（过去进行时） ② 主句（一般将来时）+ as soon as/before/after + 从句（一般现在时） ③ 主句（否定式）+ until + 从句（肯定式） ① He was reading when the rain started.（下雨时他正在看书。） ② I will visit you as soon as I finish my work.（我一完成工作就去看你。） ③ She didn't leave until the meeting ended.（直到会议结束她才离开。） 使用注意事项 1. 后缀 -al 拼写易错点：以 -e 结尾的名词需先去 e 再加 -al（如 nature→natural，不可写成 natureal）；特殊形式需单独记忆（如 person→personal，而非 personnal）。 2. when 与 while 区别：while 从句多为进行时态，强调动作持续；when 从句可接任意时态，可指瞬间或持续动作。 3. 时态一致性：时间状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句需用一般现在时表将来（如 “as soon as he comes” 而非 “as soon as he will come”）。 4. until 与 not…until 差异：until 表 “动作持续到某时”，需搭配持续性动词；not…until 表 “直到某时才发生动作”，搭配短暂性动词。 一、单词拼写 1. Don’t judge a person by his (appear), because inner beauty is more important. 2. He can play some instruments. (music) 3. It has a lot of (history) buildings and a long history. 4. We learned about (culture) traditions around the world in yesterday’s class. 5. Please leave us alone. We have something (person) to talk about. 6. The (arrive) of the new phones has attracted a lot of buyers. 7. I’ve spent ten years living in the (centre) part of this beautiful city, Yixing. 8. The company (office) announced (宣布) some new rules at the meeting. 9. The (medicine) team has saved many lives in this area. 10．Farmers need (practice) skills in planting crops. 11．It’s (nature) for kids to feel nervous before a big exam. 12．The festival is an important (culture) event in our community. 13．We have a lot of (tradition) festivals in China. 14．My trip to the UK is (education). 15．Mozart was one of the most famous in the world. (music) 二、完成句子 16．在你交卷以前，请认真检查。 Before you the test paper, check it carefully. 17．你一到这里就会明白我的意思了! You’ll see what I mean you get here! 18．We will stay there until the end of the holiday.(改为同义句) We will stay there until the holiday . 19．Linda likes reading books in her free time. (同义句转换) Linda likes reading books . 20．孩子们一回到花园，春天也随着他们回来了。 the children came back to the garden, spring returned with them. 21．我一坐在电视机前，我妈妈就走了过来。 My mom came over I sat down in front of the TV. 22．她从小就想当演员。 She wanted to be an actress . 23．直到孩子睡着了，她才离开房间。（完成译句） She leave the room the child fell asleep. 24．当你离开课室时，请关掉所有灯。 you leave the classroom, please all the lights. 25．I must back up all my important files first. Then I will update my phone’s software.(两句合并为一句) I update my phone’s software I back up all my important files. 26．She will leave the office when she finishes the report.(保持句子意思不变) She leave the office she finishes the report. 27．然而，疲劳的孩子们直到晚上七点之后才到家。 However, the tired children get home after 7:00 p.m. 28．你只要沿着主街走直到你经过中心大街。 You just Main Street you pass Center Street. 29．当他的答复来了，他们打开它，发现里面有一首诗。 his reply came, they opened it a poem inside. 30．直到去年Jack才意识到学习英语的重要性。 Jack realize the importance of learning English last year. 三、阅读理解 A Self-driving cars, run by AI and special sensors (感应器), promise a future where cars no longer need a human in the driver’s seat. However, people have different thoughts about this new technology. Here are the opinions of five people from several walks of life. “As a technology lover, I’m really excited about self-driving cars! Some people say these cars have problems, but engineers promise they will get better. Although they aren’t perfect yet, they make fewer mistakes than human drivers, and this will make our roads a lot safer.” “I’m really against (反对) self-driving cars. What are all of us taxi drivers going to do to make a living if we’ve all been replaced by AI? Can a machine really deal with busy city streets better than people? I think we need humans to drive safely in those environments.” “I’m optimistic about self-driving cars, especially for my online shopping business. And I wouldn’t have to spend money on delivery drivers. It would be a great way for me to save money.” “Self-driving cars would be a real step forward in our fight against climate (气候) change. Human driving habits waste fuel (燃料) and make pollution. If computers drive cars perfectly, they will use less energy and lower the air pollution.” “From my point of view, self-driving cars raise interesting questions. Who is legally (法律上) responsible if an accident happens? The car owner, the car maker, the software designer, or the AI itself? I’m worried that this may bring a lot of troubles to lawyers’ work!” 1. This passage mainly talks about ________. A．the development of smart cars B．the thoughts about AI technology C．the opinions about self-driving cars D．the problems caused by self-driving cars 2. In Henry’s view, the underlined word “they” refers to ________. A．city roads B．car engineers C．human drivers D．self-driving cars 3. What is Carl’s main worry? A．Taxi drivers might lose their jobs. B．Self-driving cars are too expensive. C．Self-driving cars may waste more fuel. D．Computers cannot drive in busy streets. 4. How many people are against the idea of self-driving cars? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 5. What can we learn from the passage? A．Self-driving cars have been widely used in all walks of life. B．Self-driving cars could make business owners spend more money. C．Self-driving cars make it possible to cut down the air pollution. D．Self-driving car makers are legally responsible for accidents. B Isabel was a princess. Most girls would have loved to take her place, but Isabel was unhappy about being a princess. She hated wearing dresses, and she never knew what to do with her ladies-in-waiting (侍女). One day, she was bored and sat by the window in her room. Then she noticed a frog hopping (跳) across the window, and thought of the story of The Frog Prince. Suddenly interested, she opened the window and called to the little frog, “Mr. Frog, come here please!” To her surprise, the frog hopped back to her. “Yes?” asked the frog. “If I kissed you, would you turn into a prince?” asked Isabel. “No, my magic is different. You would be the one changing. You would turn into whatever you were thinking of.” “Great! That’s exactly what I need!” replied the princess. “Yes, but take heed. Many people are not happy with what they change into. Instead, they were much happier with the way they used to be,” reminded the frog. “Oh, don’t worry. I’d like to be just anyone else now.” Isabel couldn’t wait to get close to the frog. However, just as she kissed the frog, she saw a dog running out of the palace. It made Isabel think of her own dog. Before she knew it, Isabel looked down and saw white fur (皮毛) all over her body. What had she done? Seeing this, the frog shook his head, saying, “Why do people always envy (嫉妒) others’ life but look down on their own?” 1. Isabel was unhappy because she ________. A．disliked to be a princess B．had few ladies-in-waiting C．feared to be replaced D．had no beautiful dresses to wear 2. What’s the right order of the following events? ① Isabel called to a frog.       ② Isabel thought of her dog. ③ Isabel knew a different magic.     ④ Isabel sat by the window. A．①③②④ B．④①②③ C．④①③② D．①④③② 3. Picture ________ shows Isabel’s feeling when the frog told her about his magic. A． B． C． D． 4. The underlined phrase “take heed” probably means ______. A．be brave B．be careful C．be quiet D．be fast 5. The story tells us that we should ______. A．use magic to solve problems B．keep away from changes in life C．rewrite famous stories creatively D．treasure ourselves as who we are C Mr. Clarke lives at the foot of the mountain. He keeps the forest for a rich farmer there. The only road to the forest is just in front of his house. He can easily see the people who want to enter the forest. Sometimes he has to be on duty at night. When he hears some sound, he has to get up to see if someone cuts the trees. One day he bought something in the town. He found a strong dog and bought it. He loves it very much and often gives some meat or bread to it. And when a strange man walks close to his house, it barks (吠) loudly. So he can soon know about it and goes out to find out who it is. But last week something was wrong with Mr. Clarke. He didn’t feel well and couldn’t fall asleep in the evening. He had to go to a hospital in the town. The doctor looked him over and then asked, “Have you got a dog, sir?” “Yes, I have got one.” “You have got a skin disease (皮肤病),” said the doctor. “I am sure your dog infected (传染) it to you. You can’t come in touch (接触) with it any longer.” When he came out of the hospital, he met a friend and told him about it. The man asked, “What are you going to do, to sell your dog or to give it to another man?” “Neither,” answered Mr. Clarke, “I have decided to see another doctor. It’s much easier to find a doctor than to buy a good dog!” 1. Mr. Clarke lives at the foot of the mountain because ________. A．it’s very quiet there B．he has a farm there C．his work is to keep the forest D．he can enjoy himself there 2. Mr. Clarke is afraid ________, so he bought a dog. A．someone cuts the trees B．some animals hurt him C．someone hurts him D．someone picks the fruit 3. The doctor asked Mr. Clarke ________. A．to live in hospital at once B．to sell his dog C．not to leave the forest D．not to touch his dog 4. Mr. Clarke got a skin disease (皮肤病) from ________. A．the doctor B．his friends C．the thief D．his dog 5. Which of the following is true? A．Mr. Clarke would hurt his dog. B．Mr. Clarke didn’t want to look after his dog. C．Mr. Clarke would give his dog to another man. D．Mr. Clarke decided to continue (继续) to be with his dog. 四、语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入恰当的词 (不超过两词)，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Cars are becoming more and more important now. We are happy that they make people’s life 1 (good) than before. But unluckily, cars also bring many problems, such as traffic accidents. Traffic 2 (safe) is everybody’s business, so we need to follow the rules. For example, we must walk on the sidewalk. When we cross the road, stop and look right and left, then go 3 fast. Don’t play football on the road. And we can tell 4 (we) parents not to drink before they drive, not to run through red lights, and not to talk and laugh 5 driving. On one hand, when 6 pedestrian wants to be on time, he or she often 7 (fail) to look at the cars crossing on the road. This will bring traffic accidents 8 (easy). On the other hand, the drivers also want to be on time and then ignore (忽视) the traffic rules. It is also easy 9 (have) traffic accidents. In a word, we should be careful on the road. Life is the 10 (one) and it’s more important than Mount Tai. Passage 2 短文填词。阅读下面短文，根据语境或单词提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Fu Zhao’e, 65, is a paper cutting artist in Ningxia. Every year, when the Chinese New Year gets closer, Fu is always busy 1 (fold) and cutting red paper. Fu learned paper cutting from her mother and saw it as 2 hobby. After high school, she opened a restaurant to make a living. Although she was busy, she 3 (continue) making paper cuttings in her free time. Later, some paper cuttings made by 4 (she) appeared in the local (当地的) newspaper. Lots of people liked her works, and she felt 5 (excite). She began to take part in many competitions. 6 her surprise, she got some prizes. In 1997, Fu showed her skills at the Zhenbeibu film studio. She could cut out a portrait (肖像) of a visitor in three minutes. That made the visitors 7 (complete) shocked. Fu enjoys making paper cuttings. A good paper-cutting work can give her a feeling of satisfaction. Also, it’s a fun way to tell stories. Fu once made some works about Journey to the West. 8 soon as they came out, they got popular. “Paper cutting is a kind of traditional art. We Chinese are used to putting up paper cuttings on 9 (window) and doors for good luck. Now, more young people are interested 10 paper cutting. I will try my best to work for the development of the art,” Fu said. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Chinese ink (墨) painting is known as “shui mo hua”. Usually, black and white are 1 only two colors in this kind of painting. But it seems challenging to beginners. A creative DIY way now makes it 2 (easy) and more fun-using tea instead of ink! The painting starts 3 learning the spirit of ink painting: to paint the main idea, not the 4 (detail). Then, instead of preparing ink, you just 5 (most) make cups of black tea of different thicknesses. Light tea 6 (act) as light ink for faraway mountains or soft clouds, while strong, dark tea works for clear lines like tree branches. Finally, a simple brush and white paper are all you need to start 7 (you) own painting. “It’s less stressful than traditional ink 8 —tea looks softer and mistakes can become part of the picture,” said instructor Ms. Zhang. This activity is not about being perfect, but about 9 (enjoy) the calm and beauty of Chinese art in a relaxing way. It connects modern young people with 10 (tradition) beauty through a daily item-tea, making culture accessible and enjoyable. 10 / 10乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $