专题10 冠词核心考点精讲与通关训练（复习讲义）（成都专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦冠词核心考点，系统梳理不定冠词a/an、定冠词the及零冠词的用法，通过概念解析、分类对比、语境应用构建知识网络。教学流程涵盖考情剖析、知识点精讲、题型破解与真题训练，助力学生突破音素判断、特指用法等高频难点。 亮点在于融合新课标核心素养，创设传统文化、科技热点等真实语境，如通过“非遗春节”“AI技术”语篇训练冠词应用，培养语言能力与文化意识。采用“三步解题法”和错题复盘策略，配合分层练习（单选、短文填空、完形填空），确保高效复习，教师可据此精准把控节奏，提升学生应考能力。

专题10 冠词核心考点精讲与通关训练 注：书面表达部分的所有主题及题目，均基于2023—2025年成都中考英语真题与模拟试题的真实数据分析，严格参照成都中考英语的重点考查主题及考点汇编而成，精准契合成都中考英语新课标核心要求，供考生考前模拟训练使用。 目录 01•考情剖析•命题前瞻 1 02•时空导航•网络构建 3 ★知识点1 冠词的概念 4 ★知识点2 冠词的分类 4 ★知识点3 不定冠词a、an 5 ★知识点4 不定冠词的用法 5 ★知识点5定冠词the 6 ★知识点6 零冠词 9 ★知识点7 有无冠词的意义区别 10 03•题型通关•靶向突破 11 考点一 题型破解 11 考点二 解题要点 11 04•优题精选•练能提分 12 01•考情剖析•命题前瞻 项目 说明 命题趋势 1.立德树人、五育并举： 真实素材渗透、家国情怀、民族自信、中华优秀文化传承、跨文化交际意识，实现价值引领与语言表达能力协同发展。 2.真实情境、贴合实际： 情境包括校园生活、社会实践及国际文化交流等生活化场景，强调在真实语境中运用语言解决问题。 3.凸显时代、文化内涵： 融入“文化自信”“非遗保护”“AI与传统文化融合”等时代热点，培养文化认同与文化视野。 4.多元命题、创新题型： 以应用文为主，考查话题作文、材料作文及图表作文，加入“二选一”写作、建议信、投稿等创新题型，强化思维层次。 5.主题鲜明、社会核心： 主题涉及传统节日（春节、中秋、端午）、传统艺术（书法、剪纸、皮影、茶艺）、传统手工艺、文化传播、中外习俗对比等。 6.形式多样、题目创新： 采用多模态语篇创设情境（思维导图、图表、调查数据等），解读信息并整合到写作中，提升综合性与应用性。 命题理念 1.基础与语境并重‌‌： 强调在真实语境中考查不定冠词a/an、定冠词the和零冠词的用法，而非单纯记忆规则。 2.精准识用、逻辑思维‌： 通过创设情境，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，精准判断a/an的区别、不定冠词表泛指，定冠词表示特指/前文提到过的事物，重点考查分析判断能力，通常混合考查。 3.落紧扣新课标、提升素养‌： 题目设置结合校园生活、传统文化、志愿者服务、科技创新等场景，测试学生语言运用能力、思维逻辑，培养文化意识。 命题特点 1.题型集中、重点突出： 核心考查单项选择、短文填空偶尔涉及，完形填空偶有渗透；核心考点为不定冠词a/an的区别、定冠词the的特指用法。 2.考点集中、考点固定‌： 高频考点集中于不定冠词 a/an 的区别、定冠词 the 的特指用法；‌次要考点是零冠词（星期/月份/季节/西方节日、固定搭配）。 3.难度稳定、侧重基础： 近三年真题及模拟题中冠词题难度适中，聚焦高频用法，无偏题和怪题。 命题预测 1. 题型稳定： 冠词考点融入语境，在单选题常考，短文填空、完形填空涉及不多（一般1-2分）。 2. 考点不变： 不定冠词（高频）：a/an的元音/辅音音素判断。 定冠词（高频）：特指某人/某事、前文提及、双方都知、专有名词、the+形容词”表一类人。 零冠词（次要）：固定搭配（三餐/球类/节日/交通工具/固定搭配）。 3. 语境升级： 结合发明创造、AI应用、绿色环保、中外节日对比等语境，强调语境中解决语言问题。 4. 易错点强化： 有无冠词意义区别、序数词前a/the的区别仍是高频失分点，将持续考查。 备考锦囊 1. 语料分类积累： 按不定冠词a/an、定冠词the和零冠词的用法，整理考点。 2.重点记易错点： a表泛指，用于辅音音素前；an表泛指，用于元音音素前；the这/那（表特指）。例如：棋类名词前不加冠词，play chess“象棋”，chess以辅音音素开头。 3.语篇填空： 优先判断名词属性（可数/不可数、特指/泛指），再匹配冠词（如：_____elephant以元音音素开头→an；______wise man，wise以辅音音素开头→a）。 4. 真题模拟精练： 每周精做3-5道近3年成都中考/模拟题，勾画“音素判断、特指标记、固定搭配”类考点句。 5. 三步解题法： (1)音素判断： a表泛指，用于辅音音素前；an表泛指，用于元音音素前。 (2)判断泛指/特指、零冠词： ★a：表泛指，用于辅音音素前；an表泛指，用于元音音素前。 ★the：特指某人或某物/前文提到的人或物/指双方都知道的人或物。 ★/：零冠词： ①交通方式：by car, by train, on foot ②三餐：have breakfast/lunch/dinner ③节日：National Day, Christmas（易错：the Spring Festival） ④学科语言：chemistry, English, Chinese ⑤运动游戏：play basketball/chess ⑥固定短语：go to school, go to sleep, into space (3)固定搭配： 熟记常考短语，如in half、have a high fever，in the end, at the moment 6.语篇填空技巧： ①空前为序数词/最高级→填the。 ②空后为单数可数名词且首次出现→填a/an。 ③空后为三餐/球类/节日→零冠词。 7. 错题复盘闭环： 总结错题元音（如“音素判断失误”“特指漏用the”“固定搭配混淆”），每周集中重做同类错题，建立冠词易错本。 ★知识点1 冠词的概念 冠词是置于名词之前，说明名词所表示的人或事物的一种虚词。冠词不能脱离名词独立存在，不能单独作句子成分，在句子中一般不重读。 ★知识点2 冠词的分类 冠词分为不定冠词 a/an、定冠词the和零冠词三种。不定冠词表示泛指，定冠词表示特指。 分类 形式 基本用法 示例 不定冠词 a,an 用于单数可数名词前，表示泛指 a book一本书 an egg一个鸡蛋 定冠词 the 用于单、复数可数名词或不可数名词前，表示特指 the pen这支钢笔 the buses这些公共汽车 the water in the bottle瓶子里的水 零冠词 — 名词前不加冠词的情况 by train乘火车 口诀助记： 冠词的用法：名词是秃子，常要戴帽子。可数名词单，须用a或an。辅音前用a，an 在元音前。如果为特指，则须用定冠。复数不可数，泛指the不见。碰到代词时，冠词均不见。 ★知识点3 不定冠词a、an 1.不定冠词a 与an 的区别 不定冠词 用法 示例 注意 a 用在以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前 a dog一只狗 a fish一条鱼 有些单词虽然以元音字母开头，但发音以辅音音素开始，也应使用a，如：a university一所大学；a cat一只猫 an 用在以元音音素开头的字母或单词前 an apple一个苹果 an idea一个想法 以辅音字母开头，发音却是以元音音 素开头的词前面也用an，如：an honour一项荣誉；an hour 一小时 an honest man诚实的人 ★知识点4 不定冠词的用法 不定冠词只能与单数可数名词结合，基本含义有“该类中的一例”、“只有一个”、“每一个”等。其主要用法如下： 用法 示例 用于首次提到的表示人或事物的可数名词单数前 I saw a movie yesterday. 我昨天看了一部电影。 表示数量“一”，相当于one, 但不特别强调数量。 There is going to be an English lecture tomorrow morning. 明天上午将有一场英语讲座。 用于序数词前，“a+序数词”表示 “又一，再一” Although the boy failed twice, he tried a third time. 虽然这个男孩失败了两次，但他又尝试了第三次。 泛指“同类中的某一个人或事物” I met a friend of yours today as I was in a hurry to school. 今天我在匆忙上学的路上遇到了你的一个朋友。 表示“类别”，指一类人或事物。该用法并不表示具体的某一个人或事物，一般不译为“一” A doctor is a person who saves people's lives. 医生就是拯救人们生命的人。 用于不含than的比较级前，构成 “a/an+比较级+可数名词单数”结构，表示“一个更……的人物” Robert shifted to another company, hoping to get a better job. 想找一个更好的工作，于是就换到另外一家公司。 用于表示时间、重量、价格、频率、速度等意义的名词前表示“每一”，相当于each、per You should take the medicine three times a day. 这个药你应该一天吃三次。 用于集体名词前 My family is a family of four. 我的家是一个四口之家。 用于物质名词前，如coffee、tea、fog、rain、snow、wind 等，表示“一杯咖啡/茶、一阵风、一场雨”等时 A heavy rain fell this morning in this small town. 这个小镇今天早上下了一场大雨。 用于专有名词前 Many young people want to be a Bill Gates. 许多年轻人都想成为比尔·盖茨式的人物。 用于可视作一个整体的两个名词前 She is used to eating with a knife and fork. 她习惯用刀叉吃饭。 用在某些固定搭配中 ①与数量、时间和方式有关的短语 half an hour半个小时 after a while过了一会儿 a little一点；少量 in a hurry急匆匆地 ②与动词构成搭配 make a living谋生 go out for a walk外出散步 have a good time过得愉快 make a speech做演讲 have a look/try/rest看一看/试一试/休息一下 口诀助记： 不定冠词的用法 泛指、类指、数量一，每一、同一或某个。 序数词前表“再、又”， most前表“很、非常”。 用在物质名词前，量化一场或一阵。 用在抽象名词前，具体一位或一件。 表示像某人一样，也可用在人名前。 ★知识点5定冠词the 定冠词the通常有明确的所指，即以说话人和听话人已知的人或事物为前提，可与单数可数名词、复数可数名词或不可数名词放在一起使用。其主要用法如下： 用法 示例 特指某（些）人或某（些）物 The woman in blue is my mother. 穿蓝色衣服的这位女士是我的妈妈。 指前文提到过的人或物 There is a boy by the window.The boy is a student. 窗边有个男孩。这男孩是个学生。 指谈话双方都知道的人或物 Please hand me the pen on the desk. 请把桌子上的那支钢笔递给我。 用于序数词以及形容词的最高级之前 Sometimes laughter is the best medicine for reducing stress. 有时候笑是减轻压力的最佳良药。 用在表示时间、年代、地点、方位、方式等名词前 In the north of China,it is very cold and dry in winter. 在中国的北方，冬天非常寒冷和干燥。 用于指世界上独一无二的事物 The earth is a planet and it goes around the sun. 地球是一个行星，它绕着太阳转。 用于江河、海洋、山脉等地理名词前及由普通名词构成的专有名词前 The Great Wall and the Terracotta Warriors are famous all around the world. 长城和兵马俑在全世界都很有名。 用于表示方位的名词前 Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海位于中国的东部。 用于表示演奏的西方乐器名称前 She can play the violin. 她会拉小提琴。 用于某些形容词前，表示一类人或物 The old are well treated in China. 老人在中国受到善待。 用于姓氏复数形式前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇两人” The Smiths are all teachers. 史密斯一家都是老师。 用于以Festival结尾的节日或被其他限定词修饰的月份、季节前 It is common for the Chinese to get together at the Spring Festival.中国人在春节聚会是很常见的。 用于固定结构“动词+sb.+介词+the+身体的某一部位”中 A flying stone hit me on the head while I was passing by. 我路过时， 一块飞石击中了我的头部。 用在某些固定搭配中 in the end最后 by the way 顺便说一下 on the right 在右边 at the moment 此刻 all the same 尽管如此 to tell the truth说实话 around the world世界各地 at the age of在……岁时 all the year round全年 all the time一直 with the help of...在……的帮助下 at the beginning of在……开始时 Tips: 一、指独一无二的事物 ①用法中所说的“独一无二的事物”，主要是指各种天体及世界上比较有影响的物体，例如： the sun太阳、the earth 地球、the moon月亮、the world世界、the Mars火星、the South Pole南极、the solar system太阳系、the tropics 热带地区。 ②这类词前有形容词修饰时，也可用不定冠词： A full moon一轮满月，a red sun 一轮红日 二、the用于形容词或分词前表一类人作主语 “定冠词the＋形容词或分词”，表示某一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数；表示某一个人，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如： ①The young are mostly ambitious.年轻人多半有雄心。 ②Yesterday an accident happened on the road and a person was injured. The injured was rushed to hospital. 昨天路上发生了一起事故，一个人受伤了。伤者很快被送到医院。 注意： 有个别的“the＋形容词”结构既表示单数意义，也表示复数意义，若用作主语，谓语动词用单数还是复数需视情况而定。如：the good指“好人”时表复数意义，指“善”时表单数意义；the accused指一名被告时表单数意义，指多名被告时表复数意义。 比较：The beautiful is not always the good, and the good is not always the true.美未必是善，善未必是真。 The accused was acquitted of the charge.被告被宣告无罪。（指一人） The accused were acquitted of the charge.被告均被宣告无罪。（指多人） 三、演奏的西方乐器名称前，只是提及乐器不演奏 如果不是从演奏的角度考虑，而只是提及乐器这类器具， 则不一定用定冠词。例如： He bought a piano for his son. 他为他的儿子买了一架钢琴。 口诀助记: 特指、重提和唯一，岛屿、海峡和海湾； 海洋、党派、最高级，沙漠、河流与群山 方位、顺序和乐器，组织、条约与报刊； 姓氏复数、国全名，请你记住用定冠。 ★知识点6 零冠词 零冠词即不使用冠词。一般来说，在可数名词复数、不可数名词或专有名词前不使用冠词。其主要用法如下： 用法 例句 物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词前不加冠词 Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 不可数名词或表泛指的可数名词复数前不用冠词 We can ask our friends,parents or teachers for help. 我们可以向我们的朋友，父母或老师寻求帮助。 在表示星期、月份和节日等的名词前不用冠词 We visit relatives and friends during Spring Festival. 我们在春节期间走亲访友。 在表示三餐、球类、棋类、运动、游戏等的名词前不用冠词 Do you like playing football or basketball? 你喜欢踢足球还是打篮球？ I had beef for breakfast. 我早餐吃了牛肉。 Jack’s hobby is to play chess. 杰克的业余爱好是下棋。 Mr Smith usually walks after supper. 史密斯先生通常在晚饭后散步。 在表示学科、语言的名词前不用冠词 I like math though it is a little difficult. 我喜欢数学，虽然它有点困难。 He can speak English,Italian and a little French. 他会说英语、意大利语和一点点法语。 在表示三餐的名词前不用冠词 He eats breakfast at seven o’clock. 他在七点吃早餐。 by直接用在表示交通工具的名词前 不用冠词 by car乘汽车 by boat乘船 by bike骑自行车 by plane乘飞机 Now many people want to travel by plane. 现在很多人想坐飞机旅行。 在表示独一无二的职位、头衔、称呼语、身份的名词前不用冠词 Doctor Lee advised my brother to eat less candy to protect his teeth. 李医生建议我弟弟少吃糖果以保护牙齿。 一个人兼多个身份时，只在第一个名词前加冠词，其他的名词前不加冠词 a worker and writer一个工人兼作家（一个人） 名词前已有指示代词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词、疑问代词或名词所有格时，不用冠词 Which book would you like? 你想要哪本书？ I borrowed Jane's computer. 我借了简的电脑。 and连接两个或两个以上的名词指代同一个人或事物时，只有第一个名词前用冠词；有形容词修饰时，冠词位于形容词之前 Confucius was a great thinker and educator in ancient China. 孔子是中国古代伟大的思想家和教育家。 某些固定短语中不用冠词 用在某些固定搭配中 ①介词短语 at night在夜晚 in trouble陷入困境 on foot步行 at breakfast早餐时 at first起初 on business出差 ②动词短语 pay attention to注意 watch TV看电视 ask for advice征求建议 catch fire着火 ③副词短语 at school在学校 in surprise惊讶地 on time准时 face to face面对面 by hand手工 in fact事实上 take part in参加 day by day一天天地 day and night日日夜夜 口诀助记： 下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前； 专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭。 复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前。 颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。 ★知识点7 有无冠词的意义区别 有些短语中，有无冠词的意义截然不同。有冠词时，一般表示名词本身的意义；无冠词时，意义往往会延伸。如： 情况 常考固定搭配 不定冠词 与零冠词 in a word总之，简言之 in a hospital在医院（泛指） in word口头 in hospital生病住院 定冠词与零冠词 go to the school到学校去 go to the bed去床上 go to school去上学 go to bed去睡觉 at the table在桌子旁 the next year第二年 at table在吃饭 next year明年 go to the bed向床边走去 in sight of能看见 go to bed上床睡觉 in the sight of在……看来 in charge of掌管 by sea乘船 in the charge of在……掌管之中 by the sea在海边 in place of 取代 in the front of...在……（内部的）前面 in the place of在……的位置上 in front of...在……（外部的）前面 03•题型通关•靶向突破 考点一 题型破解 考点1 不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词辨析 考查题型 单项选择、完形填空 （2025·四川成都·一模）The government has built several factories for ________ disabled to work in the town. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】C 【解析】句意：政府在镇上为残疾人建了几座工厂以供他们工作。考查冠词用法。a不定冠词；an不定冠词；the定冠词。此处考查“the+形容词”表“一类人”，the disabled“残疾人”。故选C。 考点二 解题要点 方法： 1.确定使用定冠词或不定冠词 步骤一：判断题目应该用特指还是泛指。定冠词the表特指，意思为“这/那个，这/那些”；不定冠词a/an表泛指，意思为“一，一个”。 步骤二：如果应该用不定冠词，根据使用规则a （辅音音素开头）或an （元音音素开头），根据空后的词判断用哪一个不定冠词。 2.确定使用零冠词的情况 步骤一： 当被修饰词为物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词、星期、月份、节日、三餐、球类、棋类、运动、游戏、学科、语言等名词时，应该使用零冠词。 3.根据固定搭配和习惯用法判断 根据冠词的固定搭配和习惯用法，判断正确的答案。 考点2 不定冠词、定冠词填空 考查题型 语篇填空 考点一 题型破解 （全国模拟预测节选改编） At noon, you can go across the street from the entrance of the temple to have some local snacks for lunch. The Suzhou Museum, is a good place to visit after lunch. You can get there on foot because it’s quite near. There you can learn about the colourful history of the city. After that, you can visit the nearby Humble Administrator’s Garden (拙政园). The garden is about 500 years old. It is the most famous garden in Suzhou. Next you can head northwest to Tiger Hill (虎丘). It is a must-see attraction (景点) for visitors today. Also it was liked by Emperors Kangxi and Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. They both visited it during their tours to southern China. At the end of your day, you can enjoy      1      delicious Suzhou-style dinner. 【答案】1.a 【解析】本文主要介绍了苏州这座历史悠久的美丽城市，建议游客可以从历史城区开始游览。 1.句意：结束一天的行程后，您可以享用一顿美味的苏州风味晚餐。分析句子结构可知，应填不定冠词，泛指一顿美味的苏州风味晚餐，delicious以辅音音素开头的，所以用a。故填a。 考点二 解题要点 方法： 1.判断使用定冠词或不定冠词 步骤一：阅读语篇，找到空格所在句子，判断句子的空格是特指还是泛指。掌握定冠词和不定冠词的判断规则：定冠词the表特指，意思为“这/那个，这/那些”；不定冠词a/an表泛指，意思为“一，一个”，写出正确的答案。 步骤二：如果判断空格处应该使用不定冠词，则根据规则进行判断，判断规则：a （辅音音素开头）或an （元音音素开头），根据空后的词判断用哪一个不定冠词，写出正确答案。 2.确定使用零冠词的情况 掌握零冠词使用规则：当被修饰词为物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词、星期、月份、节日、三餐、球类、棋类、运动、游戏、学科、语言等名词时，应该使用零冠词。 3.根据固定搭配和习惯用法判断 根据冠词的固定搭配和习惯用法，写出正确的答案。 破 04•优题 04•优题精选•练能提分 一、单项选择 1．（2025·四川成都·三模）Joe broke his sister's toy by accident. His mom used her skills to repair ________ broken toy. As a result, it looked as good as a new one. A．a B．an C．the 2．Our group will do ________ experiment in the lab tomorrow. And we need to prepare some ice and salt for ________ experiment. A．a; the B．a; an C．an; the 3.（2025·四川成都·一模）—What do you think of Lonely Planet the guide book? —Oh, it is really________ useful one. You can always find the information you need while travelling. A．a B．an C．the 4．（2025·江苏连云港·二模改编）It’s a pity that many wild animals are now in danger. Please have ________ pity on them since they are part of our big family. A．/ B．a C．an 5．Deepseek is __________ new AI technology in 2025. With ________ technology, people can easily get wonderful suggestions by sharing their worries with it. A．an; a B．/; the C．a; the 6．（2025·四川成都·二模）It’s reported that many people are pulling together to save people’s lives in the big earthquake though we don’t know ________ exact number of them. A．a B．an C．the 7．（2025·四川成都·二模）The traditional tea performance is ________ important part of Chinese culture. A．a B．an C．the 8．（2025·江苏扬州·二模改编）After raising the first child with so many difficulties, Jenifer is expecting her ________ second in May. A．/ B．a C．the 9．（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）I know you’re quite careful, John. You should make use of ________ advantage to win the math competition. A．an B．the C．/ 10．—Tianjin is ________ beautiful city in ________ north of China. —Yeah, it’s also very close to the capital city, Beijing. A．a; a B．a; the C．the; / 11．—I read ______ up-to-date news report about Chinese AI Model DeepSeek last night. What did you do? —I watched ______ one-hour documentary about "Intangible Cultural Heritage Spring Festival" (非遗春节). A．an; an B．an; a C．/; the 12．（2025·江苏连云港·二模改编）In 2025, a European scientist invented ______ AI device to help reduce plastic pollution in oceans. A．an B．a C．the 13．—Peter, did you watch the news about Shenzhou-22 spaceship on November 25? —Yes. It was ________ great success for China’s space program. A．a B．the C．/ 14．（2025·江苏扬州·二模改编）Nezha is ________ character in Fengshen Yanyi, a Chinese novel written in ________ late 1500s. A．the, the B．a, the C．the, a 15．（2026·上海青浦·一模改编）—Did you see the table tennis match between Fan Zhendong and Wang Chuqin last night? —Of course. ________ exciting match! A．How B．What C．What an 16．—________ beautiful poem Happy Rain on a Spring Night is! —So it is! Du Fu showed his care for farmers in the poem. A．What B．What a C．How 17．（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）—_______ lovely toy! Do you know its name? —Yes. Its name is Binbin, one of the mascots (吉祥物) of the 9th Asian Winter Games. A．How B．What a C．What 18．As a student in modern China, everybody should work hard to live _________ meaningful life. A．a B．an C．the 19．—I plan to go to the movies tonight. Which is the best cinema in town? —________ one near the history museum. It has the best service. A．A B．An C．The 20．To make full use of ________ 15-minute break set by the office that looks after schools, many schools have organized various interesting activities. A．a B．an C．the 21．—I want to learn a song from The Book of Songs (《诗经》) for the concert. —Which one?________ excellent one about the river birds that Ms. Li taught yesterday? A．A B．An C．The 22．Xinzhai village is a great place to grow high-quality coffee plants. ________ proper temperature and soil make it a great place. A．A B．An C．The D．/ 23．（2025·四川成都·一模）—Look! What is the building next to ______ new library? —It’s Sichuan Women and Children Center which opened on Children’s Day last year. A．/ B．a C．the 24．（2026·上海闵行·一模改编）The sports app is ________ useful tool for us to follow our daily exercise results. A．a B．an C．the 25．（2025·天津河东·模拟预测改编）More and more foreign students come to China to learn ________ Chinese, because it is ________ useful language. A．/; an B．the; an C．/; a 26．（2025·广东汕头·二模改编）—I missed the beginning of ________ film Operation Red Sea (《红海行动》). —What a pity! You should have left home half ________ hour earlier. A．a; an B．the; a C．the; an 27.（2025·四川成都·一模）The government has built several factories for ________ disabled to work in the town. A．a B．an C．the 28. Boys and girls, because a sudden disease （疾病） breaks out （爆发） in China, all of us have spent ________ unusual winter holiday. We’re sure ________ day we beat the disease is coming. A．an; a B．an; the C．the; the 29．The school has set up special courses for ________ elderly to help them in getting used to modern life. A．the B．a C．an 30．To ________ blind, dogs are family members and also their "eyes" that help them get around safely in the world. A．a B．an C．the 二、短文填空 （一） （2025·四川成都·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（每空一词）。 You may think Teachers’ Day in China is "young" because it was made as a formal holiday in 1985. But in fact, it has a long and fascinating history. The earliest celebration first took place over 2,000 years ago during the Han dynasty. At that time, Teachers’ Day activities were often held on the 27th day of the eighth lunar month. It was the birthday of the Chinese most famous educator, Confucius. Confucius was born in the State of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period. During that period, education was only available to children from rich families. With his wisdom and talents, Confucius taught them well and quickly became known for his teaching methods. To educate more people, Confucius built schools by himself for students of all social classes to come. He spent all his life spreading his educational thoughts. Confucius believed in the importance of education and thought there should be no difference between classes in teaching. It has become 1 important part of traditional Chinese culture. Confucius is respected as the "Great Sage and First Teacher" and Teachers’ Day is a symbol of respecting education. （二） （2026·福建福州·一模解析改编）阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意思准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 The festival dates back to at least the Jin Dynasty. People used to celebrate it by wearing human-shaped head decorations. The decorations were made of silk, colored paper, and gold and silver leaf. The tradition became very popular during the Tang Dynasty. It is also believed that fine weather on Renri is a sign of a fruitful year. Nowadays, some still celebrate 46 festival as part of Chinese New Year. They often prepare a “soup of seven treasures,” made with seven fresh seasonal vegetables such as leek (韭菜)  and celery (芹菜) . Some also take the opportunity to think about their health, perhaps by climbing mountains or checking in on their fitness goals. （三） （节选改编）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 15-year-old Jim Black is one of them. The program has offered more chances than he imagined. Four years ago, Jim saw a Music Kids concert and decided to join the program. In the program, he learned to play the drums. Then he was accepted into a high school for the arts. As for the future, he hopes to help poor children by himself (he) through education and music. Jim’s teacher, Anna Kim, said, “He is 1 excellent student. I am glad that Music Kids has changed him completely. For example, he is much more confident (自信的) than before. He isn’t afraid to stand in front of people and has mastered some important skills.” Nick said, “I enjoy performing. I like seeing the people and their cheering after my performance.” （四） （2025·辽宁抚顺·一模节选改编）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Traditional Chinese painting is done with a brush dipped (浸) in black or coloured ink (墨水). Paper and silk are also first needed for painting. After/When the work is finished, it can be put on scrolls (轴). Traditional Chinese painting includes landscape (山水) painting, figures (人物), birds and flowers. Landscape painting is seen as the highest form of Chinese painting. Chinese folk music is 1 important part of Chinese culture. It has a long history. Shi Jing, one of the Confucianist Classics (儒家经典), contains many folk songs. They are much loved by people up to now. （五） （2025·全国·模拟预测节选改编）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With a travel distance of 21.6 kilometers, the bus line includes 60 stops. It passes by local well-known places, as well as 1 art gallery, a business district and a train station. In order to provide passengers with a richer travel experience, Feng looked up the tour guide and started giving out information about the sights along the road. Now, Feng has many supporters and some of them specially choose to take the bus he drives. “Although we are in ordinary (普通的) positions, we can make contributions to the society and make our lives meaningful,” Feng said. He hopes that his bilingual broadcasts can help more tourists learn about Handan and fall in love with this city. 三、完形填空 （一） （全国中考真题节选改编）A young man once failed in his business. He felt there was no hope in his life. So he went to 1 wise man for help. The wise man didn’t give any advice but told a story. He planted grass and bamboo in the yard and took good care of them every day. After a few days, the grass started growing. But nothing happened to the bamboo the whole year. The wise man didn’t give up and kept looking after them. Then the bamboo came out the next year. Only six months later, the bamboo was taller than grass. After hearing the story, the young man suddenly saw the light of his life. He said, “The time of growth for bamboo is different from that of grass. Life is just like this. We should be patient and never stop going when we are in trouble.” The story always encouraged the young man. Finally, he made great achievements and succeeded! 1．A．a B．an C．the （二） （全国中考真题节选改编）My name is Yoyo. I am a toothbrush with 1 elephant painted on my body. Jimmy is my best friend. I want to share our story with you. Two months ago, Jimmy was a boy who loved candies but didn’t feel like brushing his teeth at all. His mother bought me for him as a gift from a supermarket. He just left me on the shelf. I felt lonely and upset. However, eating too many candies caused Jimmy trouble and his mother took him to see a dentist. He was advised to brush his teeth carefully without eating any candies. 1．A．a B．an C．the 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题10 冠词核心考点精讲与通关训练 注：书面表达部分的所有主题及题目，均基于2023—2025年成都中考英语真题与模拟试题的真实数据分析，严格参照成都中考英语的重点考查主题及考点汇编而成，精准契合成都中考英语新课标核心要求，供考生考前模拟训练使用。 目录 01•考情剖析•命题前瞻 1 02•时空导航•网络构建 3 ★知识点1 冠词的概念 4 ★知识点2 冠词的分类 4 ★知识点3 不定冠词a、an 5 ★知识点4 不定冠词的用法 5 ★知识点5定冠词the 6 ★知识点6 零冠词 9 ★知识点7 有无冠词的意义区别 10 03•题型通关•靶向突破 11 考点一 题型破解 11 考点二 解题要点 11 04•优题精选•练能提分 12 01•考情剖析•命题前瞻 项目 说明 命题趋势 1.立德树人、五育并举： 真实素材渗透、家国情怀、民族自信、中华优秀文化传承、跨文化交际意识，实现价值引领与语言表达能力协同发展。 2.真实情境、贴合实际： 情境包括校园生活、社会实践及国际文化交流等生活化场景，强调在真实语境中运用语言解决问题。 3.凸显时代、文化内涵： 融入“文化自信”“非遗保护”“AI与传统文化融合”等时代热点，培养文化认同与文化视野。 4.多元命题、创新题型： 以应用文为主，考查话题作文、材料作文及图表作文，加入“二选一”写作、建议信、投稿等创新题型，强化思维层次。 5.主题鲜明、社会核心： 主题涉及传统节日（春节、中秋、端午）、传统艺术（书法、剪纸、皮影、茶艺）、传统手工艺、文化传播、中外习俗对比等。 6.形式多样、题目创新： 采用多模态语篇创设情境（思维导图、图表、调查数据等），解读信息并整合到写作中，提升综合性与应用性。 命题理念 1.基础与语境并重‌‌： 强调在真实语境中考查不定冠词a/an、定冠词the和零冠词的用法，而非单纯记忆规则。 2.精准识用、逻辑思维‌： 通过创设情境，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，精准判断a/an的区别、不定冠词表泛指，定冠词表示特指/前文提到过的事物，重点考查分析判断能力，通常混合考查。 3.落紧扣新课标、提升素养‌： 题目设置结合校园生活、传统文化、志愿者服务、科技创新等场景，测试学生语言运用能力、思维逻辑，培养文化意识。 命题特点 1.题型集中、重点突出： 核心考查单项选择、短文填空偶尔涉及，完形填空偶有渗透；核心考点为不定冠词a/an的区别、定冠词the的特指用法。 2.考点集中、考点固定‌： 高频考点集中于不定冠词 a/an 的区别、定冠词 the 的特指用法；‌次要考点是零冠词（星期/月份/季节/西方节日、固定搭配）。 3.难度稳定、侧重基础： 近三年真题及模拟题中冠词题难度适中，聚焦高频用法，无偏题和怪题。 命题预测 1. 题型稳定： 冠词考点融入语境，在单选题常考，短文填空、完形填空涉及不多（一般1-2分）。 2. 考点不变： 不定冠词（高频）：a/an的元音/辅音音素判断。 定冠词（高频）：特指某人/某事、前文提及、双方都知、专有名词、the+形容词”表一类人。 零冠词（次要）：固定搭配（三餐/球类/节日/交通工具/固定搭配）。 3. 语境升级： 结合发明创造、AI应用、绿色环保、中外节日对比等语境，强调语境中解决语言问题。 4. 易错点强化： 有无冠词意义区别、序数词前a/the的区别仍是高频失分点，将持续考查。 备考锦囊 1. 语料分类积累： 按不定冠词a/an、定冠词the和零冠词的用法，整理考点。 2.重点记易错点： a表泛指，用于辅音音素前；an表泛指，用于元音音素前；the这/那（表特指）。例如：棋类名词前不加冠词，play chess“象棋”，chess以辅音音素开头。 3.语篇填空： 优先判断名词属性（可数/不可数、特指/泛指），再匹配冠词（如：_____elephant以元音音素开头→an；______wise man，wise以辅音音素开头→a）。 4. 真题模拟精练： 每周精做3-5道近3年成都中考/模拟题，勾画“音素判断、特指标记、固定搭配”类考点句。 5. 三步解题法： (1)音素判断： a表泛指，用于辅音音素前；an表泛指，用于元音音素前。 (2)判断泛指/特指、零冠词： ★a：表泛指，用于辅音音素前；an表泛指，用于元音音素前。 ★the：特指某人或某物/前文提到的人或物/指双方都知道的人或物。 ★/：零冠词： ①交通方式：by car, by train, on foot ②三餐：have breakfast/lunch/dinner ③节日：National Day, Christmas（易错：the Spring Festival） ④学科语言：chemistry, English, Chinese ⑤运动游戏：play basketball/chess ⑥固定短语：go to school, go to sleep, into space (3)固定搭配： 熟记常考短语，如in half、have a high fever，in the end, at the moment 6.语篇填空技巧： ①空前为序数词/最高级→填the。 ②空后为单数可数名词且首次出现→填a/an。 ③空后为三餐/球类/节日→零冠词。 7. 错题复盘闭环： 总结错题元音（如“音素判断失误”“特指漏用the”“固定搭配混淆”），每周集中重做同类错题，建立冠词易错本。 ★知识点1 冠词的概念 冠词是置于名词之前，说明名词所表示的人或事物的一种虚词。冠词不能脱离名词独立存在，不能单独作句子成分，在句子中一般不重读。 ★知识点2 冠词的分类 冠词分为不定冠词 a/an、定冠词the和零冠词三种。不定冠词表示泛指，定冠词表示特指。 分类 形式 基本用法 示例 不定冠词 a,an 用于单数可数名词前，表示泛指 a book一本书 an egg一个鸡蛋 定冠词 the 用于单、复数可数名词或不可数名词前，表示特指 the pen这支钢笔 the buses这些公共汽车 the water in the bottle瓶子里的水 零冠词 — 名词前不加冠词的情况 by train乘火车 口诀助记： 冠词的用法：名词是秃子，常要戴帽子。可数名词单，须用a或an。辅音前用a，an 在元音前。如果为特指，则须用定冠。复数不可数，泛指the不见。碰到代词时，冠词均不见。 ★知识点3 不定冠词a、an 1.不定冠词a 与an 的区别 不定冠词 用法 示例 注意 a 用在以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前 a dog一只狗 a fish一条鱼 有些单词虽然以元音字母开头，但发音以辅音音素开始，也应使用a，如：a university一所大学；a cat一只猫 an 用在以元音音素开头的字母或单词前 an apple一个苹果 an idea一个想法 以辅音字母开头，发音却是以元音音 素开头的词前面也用an，如：an honour一项荣誉；an hour 一小时 an honest man诚实的人 ★知识点4 不定冠词的用法 不定冠词只能与单数可数名词结合，基本含义有“该类中的一例”、“只有一个”、“每一个”等。其主要用法如下： 用法 示例 用于首次提到的表示人或事物的可数名词单数前 I saw a movie yesterday. 我昨天看了一部电影。 表示数量“一”，相当于one, 但不特别强调数量。 There is going to be an English lecture tomorrow morning. 明天上午将有一场英语讲座。 用于序数词前，“a+序数词”表示 “又一，再一” Although the boy failed twice, he tried a third time. 虽然这个男孩失败了两次，但他又尝试了第三次。 泛指“同类中的某一个人或事物” I met a friend of yours today as I was in a hurry to school. 今天我在匆忙上学的路上遇到了你的一个朋友。 表示“类别”，指一类人或事物。该用法并不表示具体的某一个人或事物，一般不译为“一” A doctor is a person who saves people's lives. 医生就是拯救人们生命的人。 用于不含than的比较级前，构成 “a/an+比较级+可数名词单数”结构，表示“一个更……的人物” Robert shifted to another company, hoping to get a better job. 想找一个更好的工作，于是就换到另外一家公司。 用于表示时间、重量、价格、频率、速度等意义的名词前表示“每一”，相当于each、per You should take the medicine three times a day. 这个药你应该一天吃三次。 用于集体名词前 My family is a family of four. 我的家是一个四口之家。 用于物质名词前，如coffee、tea、fog、rain、snow、wind 等，表示“一杯咖啡/茶、一阵风、一场雨”等时 A heavy rain fell this morning in this small town. 这个小镇今天早上下了一场大雨。 用于专有名词前 Many young people want to be a Bill Gates. 许多年轻人都想成为比尔·盖茨式的人物。 用于可视作一个整体的两个名词前 She is used to eating with a knife and fork. 她习惯用刀叉吃饭。 用在某些固定搭配中 ①与数量、时间和方式有关的短语 half an hour半个小时 after a while过了一会儿 a little一点；少量 in a hurry急匆匆地 ②与动词构成搭配 make a living谋生 go out for a walk外出散步 have a good time过得愉快 make a speech做演讲 have a look/try/rest看一看/试一试/休息一下 口诀助记： 不定冠词的用法 泛指、类指、数量一，每一、同一或某个。 序数词前表“再、又”， most前表“很、非常”。 用在物质名词前，量化一场或一阵。 用在抽象名词前，具体一位或一件。 表示像某人一样，也可用在人名前。 ★知识点5定冠词the 定冠词the通常有明确的所指，即以说话人和听话人已知的人或事物为前提，可与单数可数名词、复数可数名词或不可数名词放在一起使用。其主要用法如下： 用法 示例 特指某（些）人或某（些）物 The woman in blue is my mother. 穿蓝色衣服的这位女士是我的妈妈。 指前文提到过的人或物 There is a boy by the window.The boy is a student. 窗边有个男孩。这男孩是个学生。 指谈话双方都知道的人或物 Please hand me the pen on the desk. 请把桌子上的那支钢笔递给我。 用于序数词以及形容词的最高级之前 Sometimes laughter is the best medicine for reducing stress. 有时候笑是减轻压力的最佳良药。 用在表示时间、年代、地点、方位、方式等名词前 In the north of China,it is very cold and dry in winter. 在中国的北方，冬天非常寒冷和干燥。 用于指世界上独一无二的事物 The earth is a planet and it goes around the sun. 地球是一个行星，它绕着太阳转。 用于江河、海洋、山脉等地理名词前及由普通名词构成的专有名词前 The Great Wall and the Terracotta Warriors are famous all around the world. 长城和兵马俑在全世界都很有名。 用于表示方位的名词前 Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海位于中国的东部。 用于表示演奏的西方乐器名称前 She can play the violin. 她会拉小提琴。 用于某些形容词前，表示一类人或物 The old are well treated in China. 老人在中国受到善待。 用于姓氏复数形式前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇两人” The Smiths are all teachers. 史密斯一家都是老师。 用于以Festival结尾的节日或被其他限定词修饰的月份、季节前 It is common for the Chinese to get together at the Spring Festival.中国人在春节聚会是很常见的。 用于固定结构“动词+sb.+介词+the+身体的某一部位”中 A flying stone hit me on the head while I was passing by. 我路过时， 一块飞石击中了我的头部。 用在某些固定搭配中 in the end最后 by the way 顺便说一下 on the right 在右边 at the moment 此刻 all the same 尽管如此 to tell the truth说实话 around the world世界各地 at the age of在……岁时 all the year round全年 all the time一直 with the help of...在……的帮助下 at the beginning of在……开始时 Tips: 一、指独一无二的事物 ①用法中所说的“独一无二的事物”，主要是指各种天体及世界上比较有影响的物体，例如： the sun太阳、the earth 地球、the moon月亮、the world世界、the Mars火星、the South Pole南极、the solar system太阳系、the tropics 热带地区。 ②这类词前有形容词修饰时，也可用不定冠词： A full moon一轮满月，a red sun 一轮红日 二、the用于形容词或分词前表一类人作主语 “定冠词the＋形容词或分词”，表示某一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数；表示某一个人，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如： ①The young are mostly ambitious.年轻人多半有雄心。 ②Yesterday an accident happened on the road and a person was injured. The injured was rushed to hospital. 昨天路上发生了一起事故，一个人受伤了。伤者很快被送到医院。 注意： 有个别的“the＋形容词”结构既表示单数意义，也表示复数意义，若用作主语，谓语动词用单数还是复数需视情况而定。如：the good指“好人”时表复数意义，指“善”时表单数意义；the accused指一名被告时表单数意义，指多名被告时表复数意义。 比较：The beautiful is not always the good, and the good is not always the true.美未必是善，善未必是真。 The accused was acquitted of the charge.被告被宣告无罪。（指一人） The accused were acquitted of the charge.被告均被宣告无罪。（指多人） 三、演奏的西方乐器名称前，只是提及乐器不演奏 如果不是从演奏的角度考虑，而只是提及乐器这类器具， 则不一定用定冠词。例如： He bought a piano for his son. 他为他的儿子买了一架钢琴。 口诀助记: 特指、重提和唯一，岛屿、海峡和海湾； 海洋、党派、最高级，沙漠、河流与群山 方位、顺序和乐器，组织、条约与报刊； 姓氏复数、国全名，请你记住用定冠。 ★知识点6 零冠词 零冠词即不使用冠词。一般来说，在可数名词复数、不可数名词或专有名词前不使用冠词。其主要用法如下： 用法 例句 物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词前不加冠词 Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 不可数名词或表泛指的可数名词复数前不用冠词 We can ask our friends,parents or teachers for help. 我们可以向我们的朋友，父母或老师寻求帮助。 在表示星期、月份和节日等的名词前不用冠词 We visit relatives and friends during Spring Festival. 我们在春节期间走亲访友。 在表示三餐、球类、棋类、运动、游戏等的名词前不用冠词 Do you like playing football or basketball? 你喜欢踢足球还是打篮球？ I had beef for breakfast. 我早餐吃了牛肉。 Jack’s hobby is to play chess. 杰克的业余爱好是下棋。 Mr Smith usually walks after supper. 史密斯先生通常在晚饭后散步。 在表示学科、语言的名词前不用冠词 I like math though it is a little difficult. 我喜欢数学，虽然它有点困难。 He can speak English,Italian and a little French. 他会说英语、意大利语和一点点法语。 在表示三餐的名词前不用冠词 He eats breakfast at seven o’clock. 他在七点吃早餐。 by直接用在表示交通工具的名词前 不用冠词 by car乘汽车 by boat乘船 by bike骑自行车 by plane乘飞机 Now many people want to travel by plane. 现在很多人想坐飞机旅行。 在表示独一无二的职位、头衔、称呼语、身份的名词前不用冠词 Doctor Lee advised my brother to eat less candy to protect his teeth. 李医生建议我弟弟少吃糖果以保护牙齿。 一个人兼多个身份时，只在第一个名词前加冠词，其他的名词前不加冠词 a worker and writer一个工人兼作家（一个人） 名词前已有指示代词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词、疑问代词或名词所有格时，不用冠词 Which book would you like? 你想要哪本书？ I borrowed Jane's computer. 我借了简的电脑。 and连接两个或两个以上的名词指代同一个人或事物时，只有第一个名词前用冠词；有形容词修饰时，冠词位于形容词之前 Confucius was a great thinker and educator in ancient China. 孔子是中国古代伟大的思想家和教育家。 某些固定短语中不用冠词 用在某些固定搭配中 ①介词短语 at night在夜晚 in trouble陷入困境 on foot步行 at breakfast早餐时 at first起初 on business出差 ②动词短语 pay attention to注意 watch TV看电视 ask for advice征求建议 catch fire着火 ③副词短语 at school在学校 in surprise惊讶地 on time准时 face to face面对面 by hand手工 in fact事实上 take part in参加 day by day一天天地 day and night日日夜夜 口诀助记： 下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前； 专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭。 复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前。 颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。 ★知识点7 有无冠词的意义区别 有些短语中，有无冠词的意义截然不同。有冠词时，一般表示名词本身的意义；无冠词时，意义往往会延伸。如： 情况 常考固定搭配 不定冠词 与零冠词 in a word总之，简言之 in a hospital在医院（泛指） in word口头 in hospital生病住院 定冠词与零冠词 go to the school到学校去 go to the bed去床上 go to school去上学 go to bed去睡觉 at the table在桌子旁 the next year第二年 at table在吃饭 next year明年 go to the bed向床边走去 in sight of能看见 go to bed上床睡觉 in the sight of在……看来 in charge of掌管 by sea乘船 in the charge of在……掌管之中 by the sea在海边 in place of 取代 in the front of...在……（内部的）前面 in the place of在……的位置上 in front of...在……（外部的）前面 03•题型通关•靶向突破 考点一 题型破解 考点1 不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词辨析 考查题型 单项选择、完形填空 （2025·四川成都·一模）The government has built several factories for ________ disabled to work in the town. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】C 【解析】句意：政府在镇上为残疾人建了几座工厂以供他们工作。考查冠词用法。a不定冠词；an不定冠词；the定冠词。此处考查“the+形容词”表“一类人”，the disabled“残疾人”。故选C。 考点二 解题要点 方法： 1.确定使用定冠词或不定冠词 步骤一：判断题目应该用特指还是泛指。定冠词the表特指，意思为“这/那个，这/那些”；不定冠词a/an表泛指，意思为“一，一个”。 步骤二：如果应该用不定冠词，根据使用规则a （辅音音素开头）或an （元音音素开头），根据空后的词判断用哪一个不定冠词。 2.确定使用零冠词的情况 掌握零冠词使用规则：当被修饰词为物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词、星期、月份、节日、三餐、球类、棋类、运动、游戏、学科、语言等名词时，应该使用零冠词。 3.根据固定搭配和习惯用法判断 根据冠词的固定搭配和习惯用法，判断正确的答案。 考点2 不定冠词、定冠词填空 考查题型 语篇填空 考点一 题型破解 （全国模拟预测节选改编） At noon, you can go across the street from the entrance of the temple to have some local snacks for lunch. The Suzhou Museum, is a good place to visit after lunch. You can get there on foot because it’s quite near. There you can learn about the colourful history of the city. After that, you can visit the nearby Humble Administrator’s Garden (拙政园). The garden is about 500 years old. It is the most famous garden in Suzhou. Next you can head northwest to Tiger Hill (虎丘). It is a must-see attraction (景点) for visitors today. Also it was liked by Emperors Kangxi and Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. They both visited it during their tours to southern China. At the end of your day, you can enjoy      1      delicious Suzhou-style dinner. 【答案】1.a 【解析】本文主要介绍了苏州这座历史悠久的美丽城市，建议游客可以从历史城区开始游览。 1.句意：结束一天的行程后，您可以享用一顿美味的苏州风味晚餐。分析句子结构可知，应填不定冠词，泛指一顿美味的苏州风味晚餐，delicious以辅音音素开头的，所以用a。故填a。 考点二 解题要点 方法： 1.判断使用定冠词或不定冠词 步骤一：阅读语篇，找到空格所在句子，判断句子的空格是特指还是泛指。掌握定冠词和不定冠词的判断规则：定冠词the表特指，意思为“这/那个，这/那些”；不定冠词a/an表泛指，意思为“一，一个”，写出正确的答案。 步骤二：如果判断空格处应该使用不定冠词，则根据规则进行判断，判断规则：a （辅音音素开头）或an （元音音素开头），根据空后的词判断用哪一个不定冠词，写出正确答案。 2.确定使用零冠词的情况 步骤一： 掌握零冠词使用规则，使用规则：当被修饰词为物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词、星期、月份、节日、三餐、球类、棋类、运动、游戏、学科、语言等名词时，应该使用零冠词。 3.根据固定搭配和习惯用法判断 根据冠词的固定搭配和习惯用法，写出正确的答案。 破 04•优题 04•优题精选•练能提分 一、单项选择 1．（2025·四川成都·三模）Joe broke his sister's toy by accident. His mom used her skills to repair ________ broken toy. As a result, it looked as good as a new one. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】C 【解析】句意：乔不小心打碎了他妹妹的玩具。他的妈妈用她的技能来修理这个破碎的玩具。结果，它看起来和新的一样好。考查定冠词。根据“Joe broke his sister's toy by accident.”和“His mom used her skills to repair… broken toy.”可知，后一句中“broken toy”是特指前文提到的那个玩具，用定冠词the用于特指上文提及的人或事物。故选C。 2．Our group will do ________ experiment in the lab tomorrow. And we need to prepare some ice and salt for ________ experiment. A．a; the B．a; an C．an; the 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们小组明天将在实验室做一个实验。我们需要为实验准备一些冰和盐。考查冠词。第一个空泛指“一个实验”，experiment以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an；第二个空特指前文提到的实验，用定冠词the。故选C。 3.（2025·四川成都·一模）—What do you think of Lonely Planet the guide book? —Oh, it is really________ useful one. You can always find the information you need while travelling. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你觉得《孤独星球》这本旅游指南怎么样？——哦，它真的是一本有用的指南。你在旅行时总能找到你需要的信息。考查冠词辨析。a/an是不定冠词，表示泛指，“a”用于读音以辅音音素开头的单词前，“an”用于读音以元音音素开头的单词前；the是定冠词，表示特指。这里泛指“一本有用的旅游指南”，useful读音以辅音音素/juː/开头，所以用“a”。故选A。 4．（2025·江苏连云港·二模改编）It’s a pity that many wild animals are now in danger. Please have ________ pity on them since they are part of our big family. A．/ B．a C．an 【答案】A 【解析】句意：遗憾的是，许多野生动物现在处于危险之中。请同情他们，因为他们是我们大家庭的一员。 考查冠词。have pity on表示“同情/怜悯某人”，固定搭配，其中“pity”为不可数名词，泛指，前面不加冠词。故选A。 5．Deepseek is __________ new AI technology in 2025. With ________ technology, people can easily get wonderful suggestions by sharing their worries with it. A．an; a B．/; the C．a; the 【答案】C 【解析】句意：Deepseek是2025年的新人工智能技术。有了这项技术，人们可以很容易地通过分享他们的烦恼得到很好的建议。考查冠词辨析。an用于元音音素前；a用于辅音音素前；th定冠词；/不填。根据“new AI technology”可知，泛指一个新科技，new辅音音素开头，a符合句意；根据“technology”可知，特指前文的科技，the符合句意，故选C。 6．（2025·四川成都·二模）It’s reported that many people are pulling together to save people’s lives in the big earthquake though we don’t know ________ exact number of them. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】C 【解析】句意：据报道，在这次大地震中许多人齐心协力拯救生命，尽管我们不知道他们的确切人数。考查冠词用法辨析。a一个，不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the这/那个，定冠词，表示特指。“the exact number of...”意为“……的确切数量”，这里是特指参与救援的人的确切数量。故选C。 7．（2025·四川成都·二模）The traditional tea performance is ________ important part of Chinese culture. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】B 【解析】句意：传统的茶艺表演是中国文化中一个重要的组成部分。考查冠词的用法。a和an是不定冠词，表泛指，意为“一个”，a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于元音音素开头的单词前；the是定冠词，表特指。根据“The traditional tea performance is…important part of Chinese culture”可知，这里表示“一个重要的部分”，是泛指，important的发音为[ɪmˈpɔːtnt]，是以元音音素开头的单词，因此要用不定冠词an。故选B。 8．（2025·江苏扬州·二模改编）After raising the first child with so many difficulties, Jenifer is expecting her ________ second in May. A．/ B．a C．the 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在艰难地养育了第一个孩子之后，詹妮弗预计她的第二个孩子将在五月出生。考查冠词。/零冠词；a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指。当序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰时，序数词前无需再加定冠词the，A项符合。故选A。 9．（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）I know you’re quite careful, John. You should make use of ________ advantage to win the math competition. A．an B．the C．/ 【答案】B 【解析】句意：约翰，我知道你很细心。你应该利用这个优势赢得数学竞赛。考查冠词用法。an用于泛指元音开头的单词；the表特指；/零冠词。句中“advantage”指代前文提到的“细心”这一特定优势，需用定冠词“the”表示特指。故选B。 10．—Tianjin is ________ beautiful city in ________ north of China. —Yeah, it’s also very close to the capital city, Beijing. A．a; a B．a; the C．the; / 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——天津是中国北方一个美丽的城市。——是的，它离首都北京也很近。考查冠词。a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/ 零冠词。根据“Tianjin is …beautiful city”的语境可知，此处表示泛指的含义，应用不定冠词a；方位名词前需加定冠词the，in the north of China“在中国的北部”，符合语境。故选B。 11．—I read ______ up-to-date news report about Chinese AI Model DeepSeek last night. What did you do? —I watched ______ one-hour documentary about "Intangible Cultural Heritage Spring Festival" (非遗春节). A．an; an B．an; a C．/; the 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我昨晚读了一篇关于中国AI模型DeepSeek的最新新闻报道。你干什么了？——我看了一个关于“非遗春节”的一小时纪录片。考查冠词。a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前，表泛指；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前，表示泛指；the表示特指；/表示零冠词。由“up-to-date news report about...”可知，读了一个最新报道，此空是泛指，由于“up-to-date”以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an；由“one-hour documentary about...”可知，看了一个纪录片，是泛指，由于“one”以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故选B。 12．（2025·江苏连云港·二模改编）In 2025, a European scientist invented ______ AI device to help reduce plastic pollution in oceans. A．an B．a C．the 【答案】A 【解析】句意：2025年，一位欧洲科学家发明了一种人工智能设备来帮助减少海洋中的塑料污染。考查冠词辨析。an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素前；a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素前；the表特指；/不填。根据“invented...AI device”可知，此处表示首次提及，且“AI”的发音以元音音素开头，此处应用不定冠词an。故选A。 13．—Peter, did you watch the news about Shenzhou-22 spaceship on November 25? —Yes. It was ________ great success for China’s space program. A．a B．the C．/ 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——彼得，你看了11月25日关于神舟22号飞船的新闻了吗？——看了。这对中国的太空计划来说是一个巨大的成功。考查冠词辨析。a一个，不定冠词，表示泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；the这个，定冠词，表示特指；/不填。根据语境可知，此处是在表达“一个巨大的成功”，表示泛指，且“great”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以应该用不定冠词“a”。故选A。 14．（2025·江苏扬州·二模改编）Nezha is ________ character in Fengshen Yanyi, a Chinese novel written in ________ late 1500s. A．the, the B．a, the C．the, a 【答案】B 【解析】句意：哪吒是中国16世纪晚期创作的小说《封神演义》中的一个角色。 考查冠词的用法。a，不定冠词，用于以辅音音素开头的词前；an，不定冠词，用于以元音音素开头的词前；the，定冠词。泛指 “一个” 角色，不是特指，所以要用不定冠词。“character” 发音以辅音音素开头，所以用 “a” 。“in the late 1500s”表示在16世纪晚期，要用定冠词“the”。故选B。 15．（2026·上海青浦·一模改编）—Did you see the table tennis match between Fan Zhendong and Wang Chuqin last night? —Of course. ________ exciting match! A．How B．What C．What an 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你昨晚看樊振东和王楚钦的乒乓球比赛了吗？——当然看了。多么精彩的一场比赛啊！ 考查感叹句的用法。感叹句的基本结构为“what+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语”或“how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”。本句中心词为可数名词单数match，需用what引导，exciting是以元音音素开头的单词，前面需用不定冠词an，故选C。 16．—________ beautiful poem Happy Rain on a Spring Night is! —So it is! Du Fu showed his care for farmers in the poem. A．What B．What a C．How 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——多么优美的诗句《春夜喜雨》啊！——原来如此！ 杜甫在诗中表达了对农民的关怀。 考查感叹句。中心词“poem”是名词，用what引导，可排除A选项；且“poem”是名词单数形式，需用a修饰，符合“What+a+形容词+名词+主谓”结构。故选B。 17．（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）—_______ lovely toy! Do you know its name? —Yes. Its name is Binbin, one of the mascots (吉祥物) of the 9th Asian Winter Games. A．How B．What a C．What 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——多么可爱的玩具啊！你知道它的名字吗？——知道。它的名字叫滨滨，是第九届亚洲冬季运动会的吉祥物之一。考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是可数名词单数toy，用what a/an adj. n.+主谓。故选B。 18．As a student in modern China, everybody should work hard to live _________ meaningful life. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】A 【解析】句意：作为现代中国的学生，每个人都应该努力工作，过有意义的生活。考查冠词。a一个，不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the特指，定冠词。根据“live...meaningful life.”可知，live a/an...life“过着……的生活”，meaningful以辅音音素/m/开头，故用不定冠词a。故选A。 19．—I plan to go to the movies tonight. Which is the best cinema in town? —________ one near the history museum. It has the best service. A．A B．An C．The 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我计划今晚去看电影。镇上最好的电影院是哪一个？——历史博物馆附近的那一个。它有最好的服务。考查冠词辨析。A一个，表泛指，不定冠词，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；An一个，表泛指，不定冠词，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；The这/那个，定冠词，表示特指。根据“near the history museum”可知，此处特指是历史博物馆附近的电影院，应用定冠词“the”，表示特指的已知事物。故选C。 20．To make full use of ________ 15-minute break set by the office that looks after schools, many schools have organized various interesting activities. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】C 【解析】句意：为了充分利用学校管理部门设置的15分钟课间休息，许多学校组织了各种有趣的活动。 考查冠词用法。a表泛指，不定冠词，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an表泛指，不定冠词，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the表特指，定冠词。分析句子结构可知，“set by the office that looks after schools”作后置定语修饰“15-minute break”，表示学校管理部门设置的休息时间，属于特指，应用定冠词the。故选C。 21．—I want to learn a song from The Book of Songs (《诗经》) for the concert. —Which one?________ excellent one about the river birds that Ms. Li taught yesterday? A．A B．An C．The 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我想为音乐会学一首《诗经》里的歌。——哪一首？是李老师昨天教的那首关于河鸟的优秀的歌吗？考查冠词用法。A表示泛指“一个”；An用于元音音素开头的词前表示泛指；The表示特指。根据“excellent one about the river birds that Ms. Li taught yesterday”可知此处特指李老师昨天教的那首歌，需要用定冠词the，故选C。 22．Xinzhai village is a great place to grow high-quality coffee plants. ________ proper temperature and soil make it a great place. A．A B．An C．The D．/ 【答案】C 【解析】句意：新寨村是种植优质咖啡的好地方。合适的温度和土壤使其成为一个好地方。考查冠词。A表示泛指，用于辅音音素开头的词前；An表示泛指，用在元音音素开头的单词前；The表特指。根据“temperature and soil”可知，此处特指“新寨村”的“合适的温度和土壤”，因此用定冠词the。故选C。 23．（2025·四川成都·一模）—Look! What is the building next to ______ new library? —It’s Sichuan Women and Children Center which opened on Children’s Day last year. A．/ B．a C．the 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——看！新图书馆旁边的大楼是什么？——是去年六一儿童节开业的四川省妇女儿童中心。 考查冠词用法。a不定冠词，表示泛指；the定冠词。根据“What is the building next to…new library?”可知，此处指谈话双方都知道的那个图书馆，表示特指。故选C。 24．（2026·上海闵行·一模改编）The sports app is ________ useful tool for us to follow our daily exercise results. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这款运动应用软件是我们跟踪日常锻炼结果的一个有用工具。考查冠词辨析。a泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the表特指。根据“useful tool”可知，此处表示泛指，且useful以辅音音素/juː/开头，因此用不定冠词a。故选A。 25．（2025·天津河东·模拟预测改编）More and more foreign students come to China to learn ________ Chinese, because it is ________ useful language. A．/; an B．the; an C．/; a 【答案】C 【解析】句意：越来越多的外国学生来中国学习汉语，因为它是一门有用的语言。考查冠词的用法。表示某种语言时，前面不用冠词；而useful发音是以辅音音素开头，且泛指一门有用的语言，所以用a。故选C。 26．（2025·广东汕头·二模改编）—I missed the beginning of ________ film Operation Red Sea (《红海行动》). —What a pity! You should have left home half ________ hour earlier. A．a; an B．the; a C．the; an 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我错过了电影《红海行动》的开头。——太遗憾了！你本应该早半小时出门的。考查冠词用法。a一个，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the为定冠词，表示特指。第一空后film是可数名词，特指这部电影Operation Red Sea，前要加定冠词the；第二空后hour是以元音音素开头的单数可数名词，half作“半个”时常与an连用，构成“half an hour（半小时）”。故选C。 27.（2025·四川成都·一模）The government has built several factories for ________ disabled to work in the town. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】C 【解析】句意：政府在镇上为残疾人建了几座工厂以供他们工作。考查冠词用法。a不定冠词；an不定冠词；the定冠词。此处考查“the+形容词”表“一类人”，the disabled“残疾人”。故选C。 28. Boys and girls, because a sudden disease （疾病） breaks out （爆发） in China, all of us have spent ________ unusual winter holiday. We’re sure ________ day we beat the disease is coming. A．an; a B．an; the C．the; the 【答案】B 【解析】句意：孩子们，因为中国突然爆发了一种疾病，我们所有人都度过了一个不寻常的寒假。我们确信战胜疾病的那一天即将到来。考查冠词。an不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指。根据“all of us have spent…unusual winter holiday”的语境可知，此处表示泛指的含义，unusual是以元音音素开头的单词，an符合；根据第二个空后的“day we beat the disease is coming”可知，此处表示特指的战胜疾病的那一天，用定冠词the。故选B。 29．The school has set up special courses for ________ elderly to help them in getting used to modern life. A．the B．a C．an 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这所学校为老年人开设了特殊课程，帮助他们适应现代生活。 考查冠词用法。the定冠词，表特指；a不定冠词，用于读音以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，用于读音以元音音素开头的单词前。“the + 形容词”表示一类人，“the elderly”意为“老年人”，这里是特指老年人这一群体。故选A。 30．To ________ blind, dogs are family members and also their "eyes" that help them get around safely in the world. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】C 【解析】句意：对于盲人来说，狗是家庭成员，也是他们的“眼睛”，帮助他们在世界上安全地四处走动。 考查冠词。a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指。定冠词the与某些形容词连用，可表示某一类人或事物，the blind“盲人”。故选C。 二、短文填空 （一） （2025·四川成都·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（每空一词）。 You may think Teachers’ Day in China is "young" because it was made as a formal holiday in 1985. But in fact, it has a long and fascinating history. The earliest celebration first took place over 2,000 years ago during the Han dynasty. At that time, Teachers’ Day activities were often held on the 27th day of the eighth lunar month. It was the birthday of the Chinese most famous educator, Confucius. Confucius was born in the State of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period. During that period, education was only available to children from rich families. With his wisdom and talents, Confucius taught them well and quickly became known for his teaching methods. To educate more people, Confucius built schools by himself for students of all social classes to come. He spent all his life spreading his educational thoughts. Confucius believed in the importance of education and thought there should be no difference between classes in teaching. It has become 1 important part of traditional Chinese culture. Confucius is respected as the "Great Sage and First Teacher" and Teachers’ Day is a symbol of respecting education. 【答案】1．an 【解析】本文主要讲述中国教师节的历史以及孔子的教育简介。 1．句意：它已成为中国传统文化的重要组成部分。此处表示泛指，important以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 （二） （2026·福建福州·一模解析改编）阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意思准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 The festival dates back to at least the Jin Dynasty. People used to celebrate it by wearing human-shaped head decorations. The decorations were made of silk, colored paper, and gold and silver leaf. The tradition became very popular during the Tang Dynasty. It is also believed that fine weather on Renri is a sign of a fruitful year. Nowadays, some still celebrate 46 festival as part of Chinese New Year. They often prepare a “soup of seven treasures,” made with seven fresh seasonal vegetables such as leek (韭菜)  and celery (芹菜) . Some also take the opportunity to think about their health, perhaps by climbing mountains or checking in on their fitness goals. 【答案】 1．the 【解析】本文主要介绍了人日节的由来以及庆祝方式。 1．句意：如今，一些人仍将这个节日作为春节的一部分来庆祝。根据“Nowadays, some still celebrate…festival as part of Chinese New Year.”可知，前文已引出该节日，此处用“the festival”指代“人日节”。故填the。 （三） （节选改编）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 15-year-old Jim Black is one of them. The program has offered more chances than he imagined. Four years ago, Jim saw a Music Kids concert and decided to join the program. In the program, he learned to play the drums. Then he was accepted into a high school for the arts. As for the future, he hopes to help poor children by himself (he) through education and music. Jim’s teacher, Anna Kim, said, “He is 1 excellent student. I am glad that Music Kids has changed him completely. For example, he is much more confident (自信的) than before. He isn’t afraid to stand in front of people and has mastered some important skills.” Nick said, “I enjoy performing. I like seeing the people and their cheering after my performance.” 【答案】1．an 1．句意：Jim的老师Anna Kim说：“他是一名优秀的学生。” 根据“He is…excellent student”可知，student是可数名词单数，泛指一名学生，且excellent的发音以元音音素开头，故应用不定冠词an。故填an。 （四） （2025·辽宁抚顺·一模节选改编）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Traditional Chinese painting is done with a brush dipped (浸) in black or coloured ink (墨水). Paper and silk are also first needed for painting. After/When the work is finished, it can be put on scrolls (轴). Traditional Chinese painting includes landscape (山水) painting, figures (人物), birds and flowers. Landscape painting is seen as the highest form of Chinese painting. Chinese folk music is 1 important part of Chinese culture. It has a long history. Shi Jing, one of the Confucianist Classics (儒家经典), contains many folk songs. They are much loved by people up to now. 【答案】1．an 【解析】本文介绍了中国传统绘画和民间音乐，包括其历史、特点、使用工具以及在中国文化中的重要地位。 1．句意：中国民间音乐是中国文化的重要组成部分。根据“important part”可知，此处表示“一个重要的部分”，应用不定冠词修饰，important以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 （五） （2025·全国·模拟预测节选改编）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With a travel distance of 21.6 kilometers, the bus line includes 60 stops. It passes by local well-known places, as well as 1 art gallery, a business district and a train station. In order to provide passengers with a richer travel experience, Feng looked up the tour guide and started giving out information about the sights along the road. Now, Feng has many supporters and some of them specially choose to take the bus he drives. “Although we are in ordinary (普通的) positions, we can make contributions to the society and make our lives meaningful,” Feng said. He hopes that his bilingual broadcasts can help more tourists learn about Handan and fall in love with this city. 【答案】1．an 【解析】本文主要介绍了邯郸公交司机冯志良学习英语并在工作中使用中英双语播报的故事。 1．句意：它经过当地著名景点，还有一个美术馆、一个商业区和一个火车站。此处是指一个美术馆，且art是以元音音素开头的单词，前用不定冠词an。故填an。 三、完形填空 （一） （全国中考真题节选改编）A young man once failed in his business. He felt there was no hope in his life. So he went to 1 wise man for help. The wise man didn’t give any advice but told a story. He planted grass and bamboo in the yard and took good care of them every day. After a few days, the grass started growing. But nothing happened to the bamboo the whole year. The wise man didn’t give up and kept looking after them. Then the bamboo came out the next year. Only six months later, the bamboo was taller than grass. After hearing the story, the young man suddenly saw the light of his life. He said, “The time of growth for bamboo is different from that of grass. Life is just like this. We should be patient and never stop going when we are in trouble.” The story always encouraged the young man. Finally, he made great achievements and succeeded! 1．A．a B．an C．the 【答案】1．A 【解析】本文通过智者讲述竹子与草生长的故事，让年轻人明白了生活需要耐心和坚持，即使在困难中也要不断前行，最终会取得成功。 1．句意：因此，他去找了一位智者寻求帮助。a不定冠词，修饰以辅音音素开头的单词；an不定冠词，修饰以元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词；/零冠词。此处泛指“一名智者”，wise以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故选A。 （二） （全国中考真题节选改编）My name is Yoyo. I am a toothbrush with 1 elephant painted on my body. Jimmy is my best friend. I want to share our story with you. Two months ago, Jimmy was a boy who loved candies but didn’t feel like brushing his teeth at all. His mother bought me for him as a gift from a supermarket. He just left me on the shelf. I felt lonely and upset. However, eating too many candies caused Jimmy trouble and his mother took him to see a dentist. He was advised to brush his teeth carefully without eating any candies. 1．A．a B．an C．the 【答案】1．B 【解析】本文讲述了牙刷悠悠和主人吉米的故事，吉米从不爱刷牙、因吃糖蛀牙，到在悠悠的帮助下养成按时刷牙习惯，两人成为好朋友的经历。 1．句意：我是一把牙刷，我的身上画着一头大象。a一个，修饰以辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，修饰以元音音素开头的单词；the表示特指；/不填。此处泛指一头大象，elephant以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故选B。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $