题型07 阅读理解之说明文15篇（内蒙古专用）（中考真题+热点话题练）-2026年中考英语总复习(内蒙古专用)

题型07 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (内蒙古专用) 【题型知识点细目表】 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 说明文,环境保护,自然景观,最佳标题,词句猜测,推理判断,细节理解 2 适中 说明文,音乐与舞蹈 3 较易 说明文,文化差异,礼仪与习俗,词句猜测,推理判断,细节理解 4 较易 航天与航空,科普知识,说明文 5 适中 说明文,环境保护,环境污染 6 适中 科普知识,说明文,常见动物 7 适中 说明文,教育 8 较易 中华文化,说明文,哲理感悟 9 适中 科普知识,说明文 10 较易 科普知识,身心健康,说明文 11 较易 中华文化,说明文 12 适中 科普知识,说明文 13 适中 景点/建筑,说明文,哲理感悟,主旨大意,推理判断,细节理解 14 较易 说明文,发明与创造,环境保护 15 较易 说明文,健康与运动,主旨大意,推理判断,细节理解 【中考真题】 The Changjiang River, also known as the Yangtze River, is one of the longest rivers in the world. It is important to the Chinese people and is often called the “mother river”. It is not just a natural wonder—it is also a symbol of the Chinese nation. Nowadays, the Yangtze River National Cultural Park comes into view. How to protect Yangtze River culture and improve cultural confidence is a new task for the places near the Yangtze River. The Yangtze River National Cultural Park, which is also an important “National Park” project, goes across 13 provinces with 841 national-level intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) projects, 465 historical and cultural cities, towns, and villages, as well as 91 national-level museums. It expresses China’s traditional, revolutionary (革命的), and socialist advanced cultures. With over 2,200 years’ history, Jiujiang plays an important part in the Yangtze River National Cultural Park. To protect Yangtze River culture, Jiujiang creates the “Most Beautiful Yangtze River Bank”. Jiujiang makes it possible that the park not only protects cultural heritage but also further improves the quality of people’s life there. The park turns Jiujiang into a place where visitors can learn more about historical stories and enjoy natural beauty. It also helps local communities by creating jobs in tourism. The Yangtze River National Cultural Park project carries great meaning for the Chinese nation. The project is based on the rich cultural resources (资源). The Yangtze River National Cultural Park project holds value in many fields such as water resources protection, social development and educational programs for students. It draws a new painting and shows harmony (和谐) between nature, the people and the cities. 1．What is the new task for the places near the Yangtze River? A．Calling on more people to pay a visit to the Yangtze River. B．Setting a good example for other cultural parks in the country. C．Protecting the Yangtze River culture and improving cultural confidence. 2．What’s the purpose of listing numbers in paragraph 3? A．To compare different cultural parks. B．To stress the influence of the project. C．To ask for protecting the environment. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A．The culture. B．The project. C．The history. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Cultural Development of Jiujiang B．The Long History of the Yangtze River C．The Yangtze River National Cultural Park 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要聚焦长江国家文化公园的建设意义与实施成效，强调其对保护长江文化、增强文化自信及促进区域发展的多重价值。 1．细节理解题。根据“How to protect Yangtze River culture and improve cultural confidence is a new task for the places near the Yangtze River.”可知，如何保护长江文化并增强文化自信，成为了长江沿岸地区面临的新任务。故选C。 2．推理判断题。第三段列举了文化遗产、城镇、博物馆等具体数据，目的是强调该项目的规模和重要性。故选B。 3．代词指代题。根据“The Yangtze River National Cultural Park project holds value in many fields such as water resources protection, social development and educational programs for students. It draws a new painting and shows harmony (和谐) between nature, the people and the cities.”可知，长江国家文化公园项目在水资源保护、社会发展以及学生教育项目等方面都具有重要意义。它描绘了一幅新的画卷，展现了自然、人民与城市之间的和谐共生。所以此处It指的是“长江国家文化公园项目”。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要聚焦长江国家文化公园的建设意义与实施成效，选项C“长江国家文化公园”符合主题，故选C。 【热点话题练习】 Why is music so important to children? Here are some of my thoughts on the subject. Music has a positive (积极的) effect on young children’s development! New research shows that music has a good influence on young children’s cognitive (认知的) skills, such as spatial reasoning (空间推理) and memory. Research also shows that offering children an interesting environment can support children’s healthy growth and development. Young children enjoy making music with others! Making music with others gives children a wonderful feeling of belonging to the group. Children might have difficulty joining in activities with others because they are shy, have limited language ability or special needs, but they can freely take part in a music activity. Music makes young children happy! Children seem to experience much pleasure and joy when listening to music, making music and dancing to music. Whether they are singing along to a CD, playing an instrument or dancing to music around the classroom, most children seem to thoroughly (彻底地) enjoy participating in a music activity. How wonderful it is to offer children the chance to do some activities about music! 1．New research shows that music can improve young children’s ________ skills. A．speaking B．reading C．cognitive 2．Which is one of the reasons that children have difficulty joining in activities with others? A．They don’t like music. B．They are shy. C．They don’t know others. 3．Which one of the following has the same meaning as “participate in”? A．arrive at B．take part in C．get used to 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．What Wonderful Music! B．How to Make Music with Others C．The Influence of Music on Children 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了音乐对儿童的重要性，从认知能力发展、社交参与和情绪愉悦三个方面阐述了音乐对儿童的积极影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“New research shows that music has a good influence on young children’s cognitive skills…”可知，音乐可以提升儿童的认知能力。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Children might have difficulty joining in activities with others because they are shy…”可知，儿童难以参与集体活动的原因之一是害羞。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据文中“most children seem to thoroughly enjoy participating in a music activity”，结合前文“they can freely take part in a music activity”的同义表述，可判断“participate in”意为“参加”，与短语“take part in”意思相同。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。本文围绕“音乐对儿童的影响”展开，介绍了音乐在认知、社交和情绪方面的作用，最适合的标题是The Influence of Music on Children (音乐对儿童的影响)。故选C。 Different countries have different customs. When you travel to other countries, please follow their customs, just as the saying goes, ▲ . Very often people who travel to the United States forget to tip(付小费). It is usual to tip porters who help carry your bags, taxi drivers and waiters. Waiters expect to get a 15% tip on the cost of your meal. Taxi drivers expect about the same amount. In England, make sure to stand in line even if there are only two of you. It’s important to respect lines there. It’s a good idea to talk about the weather. It’s a favorite subject of conversation with the British. In Spain, it’s a good idea to have a light meal in the afternoon if someone invites you for dinner. People have dinner very late, and restaurants do not generally open until after 9 p.m. In Arab countries, men kiss one another on the face. Your host may welcome you with a kiss on both faces. It is polite for you to do the same. In Japan, people usually give personal or business cards to each other when they meet for the first time. When a person gives you a card, don’t put it into your pocket right away. The person expects you to read it. Don’t forget to be careful of your body language to express something in conversation. A kind of body language that is acceptable in one culture may be impolite in another. 1．In the first paragraph, which sentence should be in ▲ . A．Love me, love my dog B．He who laughs last laughs best C．When in Rome, do as the Romans do 2．The underlined word “porters” in the passage means ________. A．搬运工 B．清洁工 C．售票员 3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A．body language B．card C．pocket 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．In Spain, people usually have dinner very early. B．In England, it’s not polite to talk about the weather. C．In Arab countries, men kiss each other on the face. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是给国际旅行者的建议。不同的国家有不同的风俗，去那一个国家旅行时应该注意那一个国家的风俗习惯。 1．推理判断题。根据“When you travel to other countries, please follow their customs, just as the saying goes”可知，去别的国家旅游就要遵守它们的习俗，谚语“When in Rome, do as the Romans do入乡随俗”表达的是这个意思，故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“who help carry your bags”可知，帮助搬运你包的人，也就是“搬运工”，故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“When a person gives you a card, don’t put it into your pocket right away. The person expects you to read it.”可知，it指代前文提到的“card”，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“In Arab countries, men kiss one another on the face. Your host may welcome you with a kiss on both faces. It is polite for you to do the same.”可知，在阿拉伯国家，男人会互相亲吻对方的脸部，故选C。 How much water is there on the moon? This is a question scientists have tried to answer for years. Scientists from China and the UK have now discovered that the moon may have water “reservoirs (水库)”, said a recent paper. Over billions of years, space rocks have hit the surface of the moon, causing the soil to melt (融化) and go out into space. It then cools down and falls back to the moon’s surface, forming beads (珠子) of glass. The Chang’e 5 probe (探测器), which returned to Earth on Dec 17, 2020, brought back a total of 1,731 grams (克) of rocks and soil from the moon’s surface, including glass beads, reported Xinhua. The international research team looked into 32 glass beads. They found that about one ton of glass beads may have 500 grams of water. “This ‘water’ wasn’t a liquid (液体) but instead took the form of hydrogen (氢气) in the glass beads, which can easily be turned into the water we can use,” Hui Hejiu, one of the study’s authors, told Science and Technology Daily. Scientists think that the water in all of the moon’s glass beads could be as much as 270 trillion (万亿) kilograms. The glass beads have many holes inside to catch hydrogen from the wind. If the water in the beads is easy to get it will be a “really big deal” for space exploration. Phil Bland, an expert in Australia. told ABC News. Now, water used by astronauts during their long stays in space stations is recycled, said the China Manned Space website. The urine (尿液) produced and water used by an astronaut per day is about 2 kilograms. The liquids are collected and purified (净化) and then provided to astronauts to drink. With this new finding, human life on the moon could have a water source (资源) in the future. 1．What is the main idea of this passage? A．A discovery of water source on the moon B．A story about how Chang’e 5 probe got to the moon C．A report about how to turn glass beads into water 2．What is the purpose of mentioning the Chang’e 5 probe in Paragraph 3? A．To explain what glass beads are. B．To show the Chang’e 5 probe is great. C．To prove there are glass beads on the moon. 3．How do astronauts recycle water now? A．By collecting and purifying their urine. B．By collecting glass beads. C．By turning the hydrogen into water. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了来自中国和英国的科学家现在发现月球可能有充足的水。 1．主旨大意题。根据“Scientists from China and the UK have now discovered that the moon may have water “reservoirs (水库)”, said a recent paper.”可知，本文主要介绍了来自中国和英国的科学家现在发现月球可能有充足的水，故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“The Chang’e 5 probe (探测器), which returned to Earth on Dec 17, 2020, brought back a total of 1,21 grams (克) of rocks and soil from the moon’s surface, including glass beads, reported Xinhua.”可知，嫦娥五号探测器从月球表面带回了玻璃珠，可以证明这种玻璃珠是存在的。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“The liquids are collected and purified (净化) and then provided to astronauts to drink.”可知，宇航员通过收集和净化尿液等液体来循环用水，故选A。 ①Have you ever heard of microplastics (微塑料)? Can we see them in our daily life? Are they good or bad for human beings? ②Microplastics are very small. According to National Geographic, microplastics are usually less than five millimeters (毫米) in size. But they bring big problems. This small size lets them go everywhere, even in water and air. They don’t break down easily and can stay in the environment for hundreds of years. ③Microplastics are very small pieces of plastic. They come from many places. For example, about 60 percent of materials made into clothes are plastic. Every time when the clothes are washed, they shed (脱落) microplastics. When water bottles and other big plastic products are left outside, they break down slowly into microplastics. These microplastics can be bad for our health and even cause cancer. In August, The Conversation reported that scientists found microplastics in people’s brains for the first time. They may hurt brain cells (细胞) and change how the brain works. ④Wild animals are also at risk from microplastic pollution. Each year, up to three million tons of microplastics end up in the ocean. Since they are too small to be seen, fish may eat them by mistake and become very sick. ⑤To deal with the problem, scientists think the best way right now is to make and use less plastic. As students, we can reduce plastic things in our daily life, such as using glass or metal cups instead of plastic bottles and cups. 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By telling stories. B．By asking questions. C．By giving examples. 2．What can we know about microplastics? A．They come from the oceans. B．They are difficult to break down. C．Scientists found they could help people’s brains work better. 3．What’s the structure (结构) of the text?(Paragraph 1=①; Paragraph 2=②; ...) A． B． C． 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Wild Animals in Danger B．Ways to Reduce Microplastics C．Tiny Pieces of Plastic Bring Big Problems 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了微塑料的定义、来源、危害以及对人类和野生动物的影响，并提出了减少塑料使用的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Have you ever heard of microplastics? Can we see them in our daily life? Are they good or bad for human beings?”可知，作者通过提问的方式引出话题。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“They don’t break down easily and can stay in the environment for hundreds of years.”可知，微塑料难以分解。故选B。 3．篇章结构题。文章第一段引入微塑料话题；第二至四段分别介绍了微塑料的特性、来源以及对人类和野生动物的危害 (即分析问题)；第五段提出应对建议。因此文章的结构是“总——分——总”结构。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。综合全文可知，本文主要介绍了微塑料虽小但危害巨大，给人类和自然环境带来严重问题；选项C“微小的塑料带来大问题”最能概括文章主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选C。 Mobile phones are one of the most useful inventions of the last 50 years, but not everything that is said about them is good. Mobiles are often blamed (指责) for a number of things, from thumb injuries and headaches to house fires. One theory (理论) even blames mobile phones for the disappearance of bees! The theory is that the bees’ navigation (导航) systems are damaged by the radiation (辐射) that is given off by mobile phones. Bees have a built-in system like GPS and this helps them find their way back to their hives (蜂巢). But recently, thousands of bees have failed to find their way home. It is believed they are dying far from their hives. The problem was first noticed by beekeepers in America and it is much more difficult than it seems at first. The important thing about bees is that most of the crops in many countries of the world are pollinated (授粉) by them. Without bees, the crops can’t continue to grow. Many beekeepers in America and Europe have reported losing 50 to 70 percent of their bees, and this has damaged their business and left many hives empty. Nobody has proved that this theory is true but it’s a fact that bees are disappearing in very large numbers. And we can’t manage without them. Einstein said that if all our bees disappeared, man would only live for four more years! The situation needs to be evaluated (评估) by the world’s best scientists. If the mobile phone theory is correct, we need to do something about it immediately—before it’s too late. 1．Besides thumb injuries and headaches, what else do some people blame on mobile phones? A．Poor crop growth and beekeepers’ losses. B．House fires and the disappearance of bees. C．Broken navigation systems and empty hives. 2．How do mobile phones stop bees from returning to their hives according to the theory? A．They make bees’ GPS-like systems stop working. B．They make bees lose interest in their hives. C．They make crops no longer need bees for pollination. 3．Why does the passage mention Einstein’s statement about bees? A．To prove Einstein was good at studying bees. B．To show bees’ disappearance will cause a big problem for humans. C．To explain why beekeepers are losing their bees. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．To introduce the useful functions (功能) of mobile phones in daily life. B．To explain how bees’ built-in navigation systems work like GPS. C．To discuss a possible connection between mobile phones and bees’ disappearance. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，探讨了手机辐射可能导致蜜蜂导航系统受损、无法归巢并大量消失的理论，指出蜜蜂对农作物授粉的关键作用，并呼吁科学界尽快评估这一潜在危机。 1．细节理解题。根据“Mobiles are often blamed for a number of things, from thumb injuries and headaches to house fires. One theory even blames mobile phones for the disappearance of bees”可知，除拇指受伤和头痛外，人们还指责手机导致火灾和蜜蜂消失，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The theory is that the bees’ navigation systems are damaged by the radiation that is given off by mobile phones. Bees have a built-in system like GPS”可知，手机辐射损坏蜜蜂类似GPS的导航系统，使其无法回巢，故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“Einstein said that if all our bees disappeared, man would only live for four more years”可知，引用爱因斯坦的话是为了说明蜜蜂消失对人类的严重影响，故选B。 4．主旨大意题。结合全文可知，全文围绕“手机辐射可能导致蜜蜂消失”的理论展开，探讨其可能机制和严重后果，并呼吁科学评估，故选C。 How many fathers usually come to the parent-teacher meetings in your class? Have you ever thought of a “dads-only” parent-teacher meeting? On Aug. 24, 2025, a school in Hangzhou held a special meeting just for dads. The goal was to “encourage dads to actively take part in family education,” reported by Guangming Daily. In recent years, people have been discussing fathers’ absence from family education. According to a 2020 survey by the All-China Women’s Federation and National Bureau of Statistics, most moms in China help their kids with homework. About 68 out of 100 moms do this, while the number of fathers doing so is much lower. However, dads and moms both play important roles in their children’s education. “Dads can shape young kids’ personalities,” said Luo Xuepeng from Guangdong. He is a father of a 9-year-old boy. “A reasonable and strong dad can help kids develop good habits and become more outgoing,” he added. For example, many fathers now realize that spending more time with their kids matters a lot—it can make both kids and themselves feel warm. Of course, dads can’t fix everything by themselves. If laws give dads more time to care for their babies, if workplaces let them attend school meetings and spend more time with their kids, and if people stop believing that only moms should do these things, then things will get better, noted the Global Times. Such “dads-only” meetings are small but meaningful steps to remind everyone of fathers’ important role in raising children. 1．Why was the parent-teacher meeting at a school in Hangzhou special? A．The parents were also teachers. B．Only dads were invited to the meeting. C．It discussed the importance of family education. 2．What does the 2020 survey say about families in China? A．Many mothers give housework to their kids. B．Mothers often help a lot with family education. C．Fathers started to play a bigger role in family education. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Helping kids with housework. B．Attending dads-only meetings. C．Spending more time with their kids. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Importance of Homework Help. B．A Survey About Family Education in China. C．Dads-only Parent-teacher Meetings: A New Try. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了杭州某学校举办“爸爸专场”家长会，旨在鼓励父亲参与家庭教育，并探讨了父亲在孩子成长中的重要性及改善父亲参与度的条件。 1．细节理解题。根据“On Aug. 24, 2025, a school in Hangzhou held a special meeting just for dads.”可知，这所学校举办的家长会只邀请了爸爸们参加，所以很特别。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“According to a 2020 survey by the All-China Women’s Federation and National Bureau of Statistics, most moms in China help their kids with homework. About 68 out of 100 moms do this, while the number of fathers doing so is much lower.”可知，调查显示中国大多数妈妈在孩子作业辅导等家庭教育方面参与度很高，即妈妈经常在家庭教育方面给予很多帮助。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“For example, many fathers now realize that spending more time with their kids matters a lot—it can make both kids and themselves feel warm.”可知，很多父亲意识到花更多时间和孩子在一起很重要，这件事能让孩子和他们自己都感到温暖，所以“it”指代“Spending more time with their kids”。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要围绕杭州一所学校举办的仅面向爸爸的家长会展开，介绍了举办该家长会的目的、背景以及意义等，强调这是一种新的尝试，以选项C“仅限爸爸参加的家长会：一种新尝试”为标题最合适。故选C。 The China Media Group (中央广播电视总台) has recently announced the theme “Galloping Horses, Unstoppable Momentum (骐骥驰骋，势不可挡)” along with the official logo for the 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala. For us ninth-grade students, this theme is much more than a festive slogan (口号)—it’s a meaningful lesson about courage and perseverance (毅力). In Chinese culture, horses stand for positive energy and continuous progress. The term “qiji” refers to fine horses, making the theme be filled with positive and forward-driving spirit. Like determined horses that never stop running, we are inspired to keep pushing forward even when facing difficult exams or challenges. Each step we take in our studies, no matter how small, helps us cover more ground on the journey toward our goals. This perseverance is what turns daily effort into lasting achievement. The “unstoppable” spirit encourages us to bravely do the things—whether in sports, arts, science, or any field we love. Meanwhile, the four horses racing together in the logo show us teamwork. Just as horses run stronger side by side, we too achieve more when we support and work with our classmates, sharing encouragement and struggling together. In short, the Gala’s theme is not only a New Year’s greeting but also a powerful reminder for us as young students: to stay active, aim high, and keep moving forward. Each step we take today builds a stronger tomorrow. Let’s hug the new year with the heart of a galloping steed—brave, united, and unstoppable—as we run steadily toward our dreams. 1．What does the word “qiji” refer to in Chinese culture? A．A famous historical person. B．Fine horses that represent positive energy and progress. C．A traditional Chinese festival. 2．Why does the author mention “the four horses in the logo”? A．To show how fast horses can run. B．To compare different kinds of horses. C．To stress the importance of teamwork among students. 3．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce the performers of the 2026 Spring Festival Gala. B．To describe how horses are trained in Chinese tradition. C．To explain the cultural meaning behind the Gala’s theme. 4．What is the writer’s final message to teenagers? A．They should watch the Spring Festival Gala carefully. B．They should be brave, keep moving forward, and work together toward their dreams. C．They should learn more about Chinese history. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文通过解读2026年春晚主题“骐骥驰骋，势不可挡”的文化寓意，鼓励青少年像骏马一样勇敢、坚持、团结，不断向梦想前进。 1．细节理解题。根据“The term “qiji” refers to fine horses, making the theme be filled with positive and forward-driving spirit.”可知，“qiji”一词指的是代表正能量和进步的良马。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“Meanwhile, the four horses racing together in the logo show us teamwork. Just as horses run stronger side by side, we too achieve more when we support and work with our classmates, sharing encouragement and struggling together.”可知，logo中四匹马并驾齐驱展示了团队合作，就像马并肩奔跑时更强壮一样，作者提及四匹马是为了通过比喻强调团队合作的重要性。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，整篇文章围绕2026年春晚主题“骐骥驰骋，势不可挡”展开，重点解释春晚主题的文化含义。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Let’s hug the new year with the heart of a galloping steed—brave, united, and unstoppable—as we run steadily toward our dreams.”可知，保持活跃、志存高远、不断前进，作者直接呼吁青少年勇敢前行、团结合作、追求梦想。故选B。 If you have seen the movie Journey to the Center of the Earth (《地心历险记》), you may wonder about the underground forest world. But such worlds can really be found in real life, too In early May 2022, a team of Chinese scientists and explorers found a large sinkhole (天坑) in Leye County, Guangxi. It is 306 meters long, 150 meters wide and 192 meters deep. “It didn’t take us long to reach the ground to walk on at first. We soon realized that we were still far from the bottom of the 192-meter-deep sinkhole,” Li Xinchen said. They also found trees up to 40 meters high and plants that came up to their shoulders, which makes it hard for scientists to walk in the forest. For them, the underground forest is almost like a spider web (网). According to Xinhua News Agency, the local people in Leye County are no strangers to sinkholes. The county is called “the museum of sinkholes”, where people have found 30 sinkholes so far. These sinkholes are formed because of the special karst landscape (喀斯特地貌). Karst is an area of land made up of limestone (石灰岩), which is a soft rock that can be easily dissolved in water. When rainwater flows through little cracks (裂缝) in the bedrock, the cracks are slowly enlarged (扩大). Over time, as the underground structure of the land becomes too weak to support the surface (表面) of the earth and then it falls slowly, opening up huge sinkholes. What’s amazing is the great size of China’s sinkholes. “Only China has such unbelievable karst with large sinkholes; in other parts of the world, sinkholes might be smaller, only a meter or two in diameter (直径),” US researcher George Veni told Live Science. 1．Why is Leye County called the “museum of sinkholes”? A．For the number of sinkholes. B．For the special karst landscape. C．For the small size of the sinkholes. 2．How is the sinkhole formed? ①The surface of the earth falls slowly. ②The cracks slowly grow into big holes. ③Rain water runs through cracks in the bedrock. A．①→②→③ B．③→②→① C．③→①→② 3．What can we learn from this passage? A．The sinkholes are pretty strange to the locals in Leye County. B．Sinkholes in China are much bigger in size than those in other countries. C．It’s an easy task to reach the bottom of the 192-meter-deep sinkhole for scientists. 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．The Influence of Leye County B．The History of the Sinkholes in Leye County C．An Underground Forest World—the Sinkhole in Leye County 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国广西乐业县发现的天坑及其地下森林世界，并解释了天坑的形成原因及其独特性。 1．细节理解题。根据“The county is called ‘the museum of sinkholes’ where people have found 30 sinkholes so far.”可知，称呼源于天坑的数量。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“When rainwater flows through little cracks (裂缝) in the bedrock, the cracks are slowly enlarged (扩大). Over time, as the underground structure of the land becomes too weak to support the surface (表面) of the earth and then it falls slowly, opening up huge sinkholes. What’s amazing is the great size of China’s sinkholes.”可知，天坑形成过程为：雨水渗入基岩裂缝→裂缝逐渐扩大→地表塌陷形成天坑。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Only China has such unbelievable karst with large sinkholes… in other parts of the world, sinkholes might be smaller”可推知，中国的天坑规模更大。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章核心内容围绕乐业县的天坑及其地下森林世界展开，C项符合。故选C。 Do you like visiting parks? Have you heard of “20-minute park effect”? It says that just staying in a park for 20 minutes can make you feel better, no matter how you choose to spend the time. In the Douban interest group, park lovers from both at home and abroad share their park experiences, post photos and videos, and give park suggestions and reviews. A lady, Huang Bingbing from Shenzhen, began visiting a small park near her company after lunch over three years ago. “On the grass, I could connect with living plants and animals. It allowed me to get away from the stress of work,” Huang explained. Huang believes that parks are private (私人的) spaces. She considers herself an introverted (内向的) person, and parks serve as the perfect recharging spots for introverts. She often spends time alone in parks, free from worrying about talking to people. Parks can also be used as public places. Cheng Yuyan, who started the Douban group, found something interesting during her visits to parks abroad. She noticed that a lot of park benches (长椅) were given by local people with the names of donors (捐赠者) on them. Besides, many parks offered guidebooks about the history, geography and plants. Inspired by these practices, Cheng believes people can further deepen their connection with parks by developing a sense of ownership. She plans to encourage members of her Douban group to help take care of parks and make them better places for everyone. 1．The writer starts the passage by ________. A．raising questions B．telling stories C．giving facts 2．Why does Huang Bingbing go to the park? A．To relax from her work. B．To meet different people. C．To enjoy her lunch outdoors. 3．The underlined part “recharging spots” in Paragraph 2 means “________”. A．chances for outdoor working B．ways for chatting C．places for relaxation 4．According to Paragraph 3, what caught Cheng Yuyan’s attention during her experiences abroad? ①Photos of the parks.    ②Benches with donors’ names. ③Guidebooks about the history.  ④videos from park lovers. A．②④ B．②③ C．①③ 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了“公园20分钟效应”以及豆瓣兴趣小组中公园爱好者们的体验和观察，探讨了公园作为个人放松空间和公共社交场所的双重价值。 1．细节理解题。文章开头通过两个问句“你喜欢逛公园吗？你听说过‘公园20分钟效应’吗？”引入话题，属于提问式开头。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“It allowed me to get away from the stress of work”可知，黄冰冰去公园是为了从工作压力中放松。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“She considers herself an introverted (内向的) person, and parks serve as the perfect recharging spots for introverts. She often spends time alone in parks, free from worrying about talking to people.”可知，她认为自己是个内向的人，公园是内向者完美的“recharging spots”，她经常独自在公园里，不用担心和人交谈，由此可推测“recharging spots”是能让人放松的地方。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“She noticed that a lot of park benches were given by local people with the names of donors on them. Besides, many parks offered guidebooks about the history, geography and plants.”可知，程雨燕注意到带有捐赠者名字的长椅和关于历史、地理、植物的指南书。因此②③正确。故选B。 So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e 1. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. Kua Fu Runs after the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called Kua Fu Mission. Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over two thousand years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground. From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology. 1．How do Chinese scientists get ideas for naming satellites? A．From traditional projects. B．From popular inventions. C．From old stories and ancient famous people. 2．Why is the space project named “Kua Fu Mission”? A．To prove that the story of Kua Fu is true. B．To carry forward the spirit of exploring the unknown from ancient times. C．To show that modern scientists are more powerful than ancient people. 3．How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 4? A．By giving an example. B．By comparing facts. C．By listing numbers. 4．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage? A．To spread the traditional Chinese culture. B．To explain how our scientists develop the space industry. C．To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国科学家从古代故事和名人中获取灵感为卫星或航天项目命名的方式，以及传统文化对中国航天科学的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names.”可知，中国科学家从古老故事和古代名人中获取卫星命名的灵感。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Kua Fu Runs after the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called Kua Fu Mission.”可知，“夸父计划”的命名是为了传承古人探索未知的精神。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist…So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground.”可知，作者通过举“墨子号”卫星的例子来支撑观点。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文以及根据最后一段“we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology”可知，文章主要讲述中国传统文化对航天科学的影响。故选C。 You decide to get a haircut. Some of your hair is cut and cleared away, but your hair’s story doesn’t end there after the haircut. Have you ever considered using your old hair after it has been cut? Some farmers actually do this! What grows from it? Not wigs (假发), but larger and more delicious plants. Hair contains a lot of nitrogen (氮), which is good for plant growth. When hair is put into the soil, it breaks down over time and slowly gives off nitrogen. This can help flowers and vegetables grow a bit quicker. If you’re wearing a wool sweater, you’re actually wearing a sheep’s haircut. Sheep have soft, curly fur known as wool. The curls create pockets of air that hold in heat, keeping the sheep warm. Farmers cut off sheep’s wool in summer so they don’t get too hot. We use this hair to make warm clothes, socks, and hats. Wool can even take in rain without feeling wet. Wool also doesn’t catch fire easily. What does your hair say about you? Even years after it’s been cut, hair can tell surprising secrets. Since hair is made from old skin parts, it holds traces (微量) of chemicals that are in the body when the hair grows. When people are kept in the situation of harmful chemicals, these traces stay in the hair long after they’ve left the body. Testing hair can help doctors know if there are dangerous chemicals in the food and water. Hair can also tell us whose hair it is, which can help policemen punish people who break laws. Hair does a lot for us. It keeps us warm and cool, helps farmers, uncovers secrets, and offers endless styling choices. But one thing is certain. Hair isn’t just for wigs anymore. 1．How does hair help plants to grow? A．It breaks down soil. B．It provides nitrogen. C．It takes in rainwater. 2．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The curls. B．The sheep. C．The farmers. 3．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The secrets that hair shows. B．The reasons why people cut hair. C．The ways that hair helps in daily life. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The hair helps doctors and police. B．The hair offers nitrogen for plants. C．The hair has more uses in daily life. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文介绍头发剪后仍有诸多用途，可助力植物生长、制作保暖衣物，还能揭示人体及案件相关秘密。 1．细节理解题。根据“Hair contains a lot of nitrogen (氮), which is good for plant growth. When hair is put into the soil, it breaks down over time and slowly gives off nitrogen.”可知，头发含有大量氮元素，分解后释放氮，能促进植物生长，此处指头发通过提供氮帮助植物生长，故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Farmers cut off sheep’s wool in summer so they don’t get too hot.”可知，农民夏天剪掉羊毛是为了让羊不会太热，这里的“they”指代前文的“sheep”，故选B。 3．主旨大意题。根据“What does your hair say about you? Even years after it’s been cut, hair can tell surprising secrets.”以及后文头发可检测化学物质、协助破案的内容可知，第四段主要讲述头发能揭示的各种秘密，故选A。 4．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍头发可以帮助植物生长、制作衣物、揭示秘密等，说明头发在日常生活中有多种用途，故选C。 Welcome to the Museum of Failure. Maybe you haven’t heard about some of the things here. That’s because they are all a “failure”. On 7th June 2017, the Museum of Failure opened in a town in Sweden. There are more than 60 failed products from all over the world on show at the museum. Dr Samuel West set up the museum. It provides visitors with a learning experience about the important role of failure. Instead of laughing at bad designs, West hopes that his museum can help us learn from our mistakes. “When we try out a new skill or learn something, it’s okay to fail.” he says. The museum also encourages companies to become better at learning from failure. One of the failed products on show is Apple Newton. It offers an example of how companies can turn failure into success. Created in 1993, Apple Newton failed to satisfy customers. Steve Jobs stopped producing it in 1998. Twelve years later, the company produced the successful iPad. So what’s West’s greatest failure? “I’m really good at producing ideas and fun, interesting projects,” he said, “but they all failed because I don’t find a way to make them better-known to more people.” Now West became successful by setting up a museum that can travel around the world. He and his museum will then visit Los Angeles, New York, Shanghai, Tokyo and so on. Many companies have booked large group visits. 1．What can we know about the Museum of Failure according to the passage? A．It first opened in Sweden. B．It was set up to laugh at bad designs. C．It didn’t open at last. 2．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The man who founded the museum. B．The purpose of the museum. C．The activities of the museum. 3．What does Dr Samuel West want to tell us by showing Apple Newton? A．Failure is always a bad thing. B．Failure is dangerous to people. C．It’s possible to turn failure into success. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Many companies will set up such museums. B．It was difficult for West to set up the Museum of Failure. C．The Museum of Failure is very popular all over the world. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了失败博物馆的成立地点、目的、展品以及其影响力和受欢迎程度。通过展示失败产品，博物馆旨在教育人们从失败中学习，并鼓励公司更好地利用失败经验。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“On 7th June 2017, the Museum of Failure opened in a town in Sweden.”可知，失败博物馆首先在瑞典的一个小镇开放。故选A。 2．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Dr Samuel West set up the museum. It provides visitors with a learning experience about the important role of failure. Instead of laughing at bad designs, West hopes that his museum can help us learn from our mistakes.”可知，本段主要介绍了博物馆的目的是提供关于失败重要性的学习体验，并帮助人们从错误中学习。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“One of the failed products on show is Apple Newton. It offers an example of how companies can turn failure into success.”可知，通过展示Apple Newton，Dr Samuel West想告诉我们失败有可能转化为成功。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Now West became successful by setting up a museum that can travel around the world. He and his museum will then visit Los Angeles, New York, Shanghai, Tokyo and so on. Many companies have booked large group visits.”可知，本段主要介绍了失败博物馆在世界各地非常受欢迎，许多公司都预订了团体参观。故选C。 To improve the environment, many countries are developing electric vehicles (EVs电动汽车). Among them, China is taking a leading role and has created the world’s largest EV market according to the Wall Street Journal (《华尔街日报》). Last year, over 40 percent of the 753,000 EVs sold worldwide were sold in China, more than twice as many as the number sold in the US, according to the International Energy Agency. Chinese drivers are already big fans of EVs. Chinese auto companies (中国汽车公司) including BYD and BAIC (北汽集团) rank among the top in the world in EV sales. “Charging an electric car is cheaper than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas,” said Wu Hao, who bought an electric car from BAIC this year. However, there are still some problems. It can be hard to find charging piles (充电桩) and the cars can’t go far before needing to be recharged. Some of these problems are being solved. In 2014, China had 31,000 charging piles, according to Xinhua News Agency. Now China has the world’s largest EV charging network, with more than 167,000 charging piles in total, according to the Economic Daily. Developing EVs is one of many efforts (努力) China has made to reduce pressure on its environment after the government promised to stop increases in carbon dioxide emissions (二氧化碳排放量) by 2030. “As China goes, so will the world’s auto industry,” the Wall Street Journal said. China has taken a leading role in the world’s electric vehicle industry. 1．According to the article, what role (角色) does China play in the global electric vehicle market? A．The smallest electric vehicle market. B．The largest electric vehicle market. C．The slowest developing electric vehicle market. 2．How many times more electric vehicles were sold in China compared to the US, according to the article? A．Half as many. B．The same amount. C．Twice as many. 3．What is one of the benefits of electric cars mentioned by Wu Hao in the article? A．They are faster than fossil fuel cars. B．They are more environmentally friendly. C．Charging them is cheaper than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas. 4．What challenge does the article mention about electric vehicles in China? A．High cost of electric vehicles. B．Difficulty in finding charging piles. C．Public dislike for electric vehicles. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了为改善环境，许多国家正在发展电动汽车，其中中国处于领先地位，已成为全球最大的电动汽车市场。文章介绍了中国电动汽车市场的销售情况、优势以及面临的挑战等内容。 1．细节理解题。根据“Among them, China is taking a leading role and has created the world’s largest EV market according to the Wall Street Journal (《华尔街日报》).”可知，中国在全球电动汽车市场中扮演着最大市场的角色。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Last year, over 40 percent of the 753,000 EVs sold worldwide were sold in China, more than twice as many as the number sold in the US”可知，中国电动汽车的销量是美国的两倍多。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“‘Charging an electric car is cheaper than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas,’ said Wu Hao, who bought an electric car from BAIC this year.”可知，吴浩提到电动汽车的好处是充电比给化石燃料汽车加油便宜。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“However, there are still some problems. It can be hard to find charging piles (充电桩) and the cars can’t go far before needing to be recharged.”可知，文章提到的中国电动汽车面临的挑战是难以找到充电桩。故选B。 Maybe you should sit down before you read this. It’s a little frightening. Your sitting may be killing you. Health experts say the U.S. adult now sits about 6.5 hours a day. That is up about an hour a day compared to 2007. The news is even worse for teens. They sit eight hours each day. The information was put out by the National Center for Health Statistics. It has collected the numbers for the past 16 years. It is worried about what it has found. Research shows that people who are not active can get sick. Their bones get weaker. They burn fewer calories (卡路里). That makes them more likely to put on too much weight. They might even get diabetes (糖尿病). They are at risk for high blood pressure and heart problems, too. Some experts also think sitting too much can influence how your blood moves through your body and how well your body fights off illness. Being active helps in lots of ways. It can make you happier, burn more calories and give you more energy. It can also help you sleep better. About 60% of people in the U.S. watch at least two hours of TV each day. That number has stayed about the same in recent years. Computers are the biggest reason for more hours spent sitting. Computer use outside of work or school has gone up for all age groups. Now, 50% of adults spend at least an hour of their free time on a computer each day. That is up from 29% in 2003. About 53% of teens now spend at least an hour of free time on computers. So do 56% of kids. As many as 1 in 4 people who use computers use one for three hours or more outside of work and school. So get up, take some breaks and go outside. You might save your life by doing outdoor activities. 1．The text is especially helpful for those who care about 　　　　. A．their body shape B．their health C．their food 2．Being active can help people 　　　　. A．burn more calories B．forget their pressure C．treat heart problems 3．What is the text mainly about? A．Computers are causing health problems. B．Being more active is good for you and me. C．Too much sitting is influencing our health 4．Which of the following is most likely to be discussed next? A．The cause of diabetes. B．Introduce some outdoor activities. C．Give some examples of losing weight successfully. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了久坐对人身体健康的影响，鼓励人们多进行活动。 1．推理判断题。根据“Your sitting may be killing you.”以及下文的“Research shows that people who are not active can get sick. Their bones... high blood pressure and heart problems, too.”可以推断出文章讲述了久坐不利于健康，所以这篇文章对那些关注健康的人是有帮助的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Being active helps in lots of ways. It can make you happier, burn more calories and give you more energy.”可知，积极活动可以让人们更健康，也能燃烧更多的卡路里。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。根据“Your sitting may be killing you.”以及“Some experts also think sitting too much can influence how your blood moves through your body and how well your body fights off illness.”可知，文章主要讲述了久坐影响人们的身体健康。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“You might save your life by doing outdoor activities.”以及上文讲到的积极运动的好处，可以推测出下面有可能介绍一些户外活动。故选B。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 题型07 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (内蒙古专用) 【题型知识点细目表】 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 说明文,环境保护,自然景观,最佳标题,词句猜测,推理判断,细节理解 2 适中 说明文,音乐与舞蹈 3 较易 说明文,文化差异,礼仪与习俗,词句猜测,推理判断,细节理解 4 较易 航天与航空,科普知识,说明文 5 适中 说明文,环境保护,环境污染 6 适中 科普知识,说明文,常见动物 7 适中 说明文,教育 8 较易 中华文化,说明文,哲理感悟 9 适中 科普知识,说明文 10 较易 科普知识,身心健康,说明文 11 较易 中华文化,说明文 12 适中 科普知识,说明文 13 适中 景点/建筑,说明文,哲理感悟,主旨大意,推理判断,细节理解 14 较易 说明文,发明与创造,环境保护 15 较易 说明文,健康与运动,主旨大意,推理判断,细节理解 【中考真题】 The Changjiang River, also known as the Yangtze River, is one of the longest rivers in the world. It is important to the Chinese people and is often called the “mother river”. It is not just a natural wonder—it is also a symbol of the Chinese nation. Nowadays, the Yangtze River National Cultural Park comes into view. How to protect Yangtze River culture and improve cultural confidence is a new task for the places near the Yangtze River. The Yangtze River National Cultural Park, which is also an important “National Park” project, goes across 13 provinces with 841 national-level intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) projects, 465 historical and cultural cities, towns, and villages, as well as 91 national-level museums. It expresses China’s traditional, revolutionary (革命的), and socialist advanced cultures. With over 2,200 years’ history, Jiujiang plays an important part in the Yangtze River National Cultural Park. To protect Yangtze River culture, Jiujiang creates the “Most Beautiful Yangtze River Bank”. Jiujiang makes it possible that the park not only protects cultural heritage but also further improves the quality of people’s life there. The park turns Jiujiang into a place where visitors can learn more about historical stories and enjoy natural beauty. It also helps local communities by creating jobs in tourism. The Yangtze River National Cultural Park project carries great meaning for the Chinese nation. The project is based on the rich cultural resources (资源). The Yangtze River National Cultural Park project holds value in many fields such as water resources protection, social development and educational programs for students. It draws a new painting and shows harmony (和谐) between nature, the people and the cities. 1．What is the new task for the places near the Yangtze River? A．Calling on more people to pay a visit to the Yangtze River. B．Setting a good example for other cultural parks in the country. C．Protecting the Yangtze River culture and improving cultural confidence. 2．What’s the purpose of listing numbers in paragraph 3? A．To compare different cultural parks. B．To stress the influence of the project. C．To ask for protecting the environment. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A．The culture. B．The project. C．The history. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Cultural Development of Jiujiang B．The Long History of the Yangtze River C．The Yangtze River National Cultural Park 【热点话题练习】 Why is music so important to children? Here are some of my thoughts on the subject. Music has a positive (积极的) effect on young children’s development! New research shows that music has a good influence on young children’s cognitive (认知的) skills, such as spatial reasoning (空间推理) and memory. Research also shows that offering children an interesting environment can support children’s healthy growth and development. Young children enjoy making music with others! Making music with others gives children a wonderful feeling of belonging to the group. Children might have difficulty joining in activities with others because they are shy, have limited language ability or special needs, but they can freely take part in a music activity. Music makes young children happy! Children seem to experience much pleasure and joy when listening to music, making music and dancing to music. Whether they are singing along to a CD, playing an instrument or dancing to music around the classroom, most children seem to thoroughly (彻底地) enjoy participating in a music activity. How wonderful it is to offer children the chance to do some activities about music! 1．New research shows that music can improve young children’s ________ skills. A．speaking B．reading C．cognitive 2．Which is one of the reasons that children have difficulty joining in activities with others? A．They don’t like music. B．They are shy. C．They don’t know others. 3．Which one of the following has the same meaning as “participate in”? A．arrive at B．take part in C．get used to 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．What Wonderful Music! B．How to Make Music with Others C．The Influence of Music on Children Different countries have different customs. When you travel to other countries, please follow their customs, just as the saying goes, ▲ . Very often people who travel to the United States forget to tip(付小费). It is usual to tip porters who help carry your bags, taxi drivers and waiters. Waiters expect to get a 15% tip on the cost of your meal. Taxi drivers expect about the same amount. In England, make sure to stand in line even if there are only two of you. It’s important to respect lines there. It’s a good idea to talk about the weather. It’s a favorite subject of conversation with the British. In Spain, it’s a good idea to have a light meal in the afternoon if someone invites you for dinner. People have dinner very late, and restaurants do not generally open until after 9 p.m. In Arab countries, men kiss one another on the face. Your host may welcome you with a kiss on both faces. It is polite for you to do the same. In Japan, people usually give personal or business cards to each other when they meet for the first time. When a person gives you a card, don’t put it into your pocket right away. The person expects you to read it. Don’t forget to be careful of your body language to express something in conversation. A kind of body language that is acceptable in one culture may be impolite in another. 1．In the first paragraph, which sentence should be in ▲ . A．Love me, love my dog B．He who laughs last laughs best C．When in Rome, do as the Romans do 2．The underlined word “porters” in the passage means ________. A．搬运工 B．清洁工 C．售票员 3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A．body language B．card C．pocket 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．In Spain, people usually have dinner very early. B．In England, it’s not polite to talk about the weather. C．In Arab countries, men kiss each other on the face. How much water is there on the moon? This is a question scientists have tried to answer for years. Scientists from China and the UK have now discovered that the moon may have water “reservoirs (水库)”, said a recent paper. Over billions of years, space rocks have hit the surface of the moon, causing the soil to melt (融化) and go out into space. It then cools down and falls back to the moon’s surface, forming beads (珠子) of glass. The Chang’e 5 probe (探测器), which returned to Earth on Dec 17, 2020, brought back a total of 1,731 grams (克) of rocks and soil from the moon’s surface, including glass beads, reported Xinhua. The international research team looked into 32 glass beads. They found that about one ton of glass beads may have 500 grams of water. “This ‘water’ wasn’t a liquid (液体) but instead took the form of hydrogen (氢气) in the glass beads, which can easily be turned into the water we can use,” Hui Hejiu, one of the study’s authors, told Science and Technology Daily. Scientists think that the water in all of the moon’s glass beads could be as much as 270 trillion (万亿) kilograms. The glass beads have many holes inside to catch hydrogen from the wind. If the water in the beads is easy to get it will be a “really big deal” for space exploration. Phil Bland, an expert in Australia. told ABC News. Now, water used by astronauts during their long stays in space stations is recycled, said the China Manned Space website. The urine (尿液) produced and water used by an astronaut per day is about 2 kilograms. The liquids are collected and purified (净化) and then provided to astronauts to drink. With this new finding, human life on the moon could have a water source (资源) in the future. 1．What is the main idea of this passage? A．A discovery of water source on the moon B．A story about how Chang’e 5 probe got to the moon C．A report about how to turn glass beads into water 2．What is the purpose of mentioning the Chang’e 5 probe in Paragraph 3? A．To explain what glass beads are. B．To show the Chang’e 5 probe is great. C．To prove there are glass beads on the moon. 3．How do astronauts recycle water now? A．By collecting and purifying their urine. B．By collecting glass beads. C．By turning the hydrogen into water. ①Have you ever heard of microplastics (微塑料)? Can we see them in our daily life? Are they good or bad for human beings? ②Microplastics are very small. According to National Geographic, microplastics are usually less than five millimeters (毫米) in size. But they bring big problems. This small size lets them go everywhere, even in water and air. They don’t break down easily and can stay in the environment for hundreds of years. ③Microplastics are very small pieces of plastic. They come from many places. For example, about 60 percent of materials made into clothes are plastic. Every time when the clothes are washed, they shed (脱落) microplastics. When water bottles and other big plastic products are left outside, they break down slowly into microplastics. These microplastics can be bad for our health and even cause cancer. In August, The Conversation reported that scientists found microplastics in people’s brains for the first time. They may hurt brain cells (细胞) and change how the brain works. ④Wild animals are also at risk from microplastic pollution. Each year, up to three million tons of microplastics end up in the ocean. Since they are too small to be seen, fish may eat them by mistake and become very sick. ⑤To deal with the problem, scientists think the best way right now is to make and use less plastic. As students, we can reduce plastic things in our daily life, such as using glass or metal cups instead of plastic bottles and cups. 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By telling stories. B．By asking questions. C．By giving examples. 2．What can we know about microplastics? A．They come from the oceans. B．They are difficult to break down. C．Scientists found they could help people’s brains work better. 3．What’s the structure (结构) of the text?(Paragraph 1=①; Paragraph 2=②; ...) A． B． C． 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Wild Animals in Danger B．Ways to Reduce Microplastics C．Tiny Pieces of Plastic Bring Big Problems Mobile phones are one of the most useful inventions of the last 50 years, but not everything that is said about them is good. Mobiles are often blamed (指责) for a number of things, from thumb injuries and headaches to house fires. One theory (理论) even blames mobile phones for the disappearance of bees! The theory is that the bees’ navigation (导航) systems are damaged by the radiation (辐射) that is given off by mobile phones. Bees have a built-in system like GPS and this helps them find their way back to their hives (蜂巢). But recently, thousands of bees have failed to find their way home. It is believed they are dying far from their hives. The problem was first noticed by beekeepers in America and it is much more difficult than it seems at first. The important thing about bees is that most of the crops in many countries of the world are pollinated (授粉) by them. Without bees, the crops can’t continue to grow. Many beekeepers in America and Europe have reported losing 50 to 70 percent of their bees, and this has damaged their business and left many hives empty. Nobody has proved that this theory is true but it’s a fact that bees are disappearing in very large numbers. And we can’t manage without them. Einstein said that if all our bees disappeared, man would only live for four more years! The situation needs to be evaluated (评估) by the world’s best scientists. If the mobile phone theory is correct, we need to do something about it immediately—before it’s too late. 1．Besides thumb injuries and headaches, what else do some people blame on mobile phones? A．Poor crop growth and beekeepers’ losses. B．House fires and the disappearance of bees. C．Broken navigation systems and empty hives. 2．How do mobile phones stop bees from returning to their hives according to the theory? A．They make bees’ GPS-like systems stop working. B．They make bees lose interest in their hives. C．They make crops no longer need bees for pollination. 3．Why does the passage mention Einstein’s statement about bees? A．To prove Einstein was good at studying bees. B．To show bees’ disappearance will cause a big problem for humans. C．To explain why beekeepers are losing their bees. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．To introduce the useful functions (功能) of mobile phones in daily life. B．To explain how bees’ built-in navigation systems work like GPS. C．To discuss a possible connection between mobile phones and bees’ disappearance. How many fathers usually come to the parent-teacher meetings in your class? Have you ever thought of a “dads-only” parent-teacher meeting? On Aug. 24, 2025, a school in Hangzhou held a special meeting just for dads. The goal was to “encourage dads to actively take part in family education,” reported by Guangming Daily. In recent years, people have been discussing fathers’ absence from family education. According to a 2020 survey by the All-China Women’s Federation and National Bureau of Statistics, most moms in China help their kids with homework. About 68 out of 100 moms do this, while the number of fathers doing so is much lower. However, dads and moms both play important roles in their children’s education. “Dads can shape young kids’ personalities,” said Luo Xuepeng from Guangdong. He is a father of a 9-year-old boy. “A reasonable and strong dad can help kids develop good habits and become more outgoing,” he added. For example, many fathers now realize that spending more time with their kids matters a lot—it can make both kids and themselves feel warm. Of course, dads can’t fix everything by themselves. If laws give dads more time to care for their babies, if workplaces let them attend school meetings and spend more time with their kids, and if people stop believing that only moms should do these things, then things will get better, noted the Global Times. Such “dads-only” meetings are small but meaningful steps to remind everyone of fathers’ important role in raising children. 1．Why was the parent-teacher meeting at a school in Hangzhou special? A．The parents were also teachers. B．Only dads were invited to the meeting. C．It discussed the importance of family education. 2．What does the 2020 survey say about families in China? A．Many mothers give housework to their kids. B．Mothers often help a lot with family education. C．Fathers started to play a bigger role in family education. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Helping kids with housework. B．Attending dads-only meetings. C．Spending more time with their kids. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Importance of Homework Help. B．A Survey About Family Education in China. C．Dads-only Parent-teacher Meetings: A New Try. The China Media Group (中央广播电视总台) has recently announced the theme “Galloping Horses, Unstoppable Momentum (骐骥驰骋，势不可挡)” along with the official logo for the 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala. For us ninth-grade students, this theme is much more than a festive slogan (口号)—it’s a meaningful lesson about courage and perseverance (毅力). In Chinese culture, horses stand for positive energy and continuous progress. The term “qiji” refers to fine horses, making the theme be filled with positive and forward-driving spirit. Like determined horses that never stop running, we are inspired to keep pushing forward even when facing difficult exams or challenges. Each step we take in our studies, no matter how small, helps us cover more ground on the journey toward our goals. This perseverance is what turns daily effort into lasting achievement. The “unstoppable” spirit encourages us to bravely do the things—whether in sports, arts, science, or any field we love. Meanwhile, the four horses racing together in the logo show us teamwork. Just as horses run stronger side by side, we too achieve more when we support and work with our classmates, sharing encouragement and struggling together. In short, the Gala’s theme is not only a New Year’s greeting but also a powerful reminder for us as young students: to stay active, aim high, and keep moving forward. Each step we take today builds a stronger tomorrow. Let’s hug the new year with the heart of a galloping steed—brave, united, and unstoppable—as we run steadily toward our dreams. 1．What does the word “qiji” refer to in Chinese culture? A．A famous historical person. B．Fine horses that represent positive energy and progress. C．A traditional Chinese festival. 2．Why does the author mention “the four horses in the logo”? A．To show how fast horses can run. B．To compare different kinds of horses. C．To stress the importance of teamwork among students. 3．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce the performers of the 2026 Spring Festival Gala. B．To describe how horses are trained in Chinese tradition. C．To explain the cultural meaning behind the Gala’s theme. 4．What is the writer’s final message to teenagers? A．They should watch the Spring Festival Gala carefully. B．They should be brave, keep moving forward, and work together toward their dreams. C．They should learn more about Chinese history. If you have seen the movie Journey to the Center of the Earth (《地心历险记》), you may wonder about the underground forest world. But such worlds can really be found in real life, too In early May 2022, a team of Chinese scientists and explorers found a large sinkhole (天坑) in Leye County, Guangxi. It is 306 meters long, 150 meters wide and 192 meters deep. “It didn’t take us long to reach the ground to walk on at first. We soon realized that we were still far from the bottom of the 192-meter-deep sinkhole,” Li Xinchen said. They also found trees up to 40 meters high and plants that came up to their shoulders, which makes it hard for scientists to walk in the forest. For them, the underground forest is almost like a spider web (网). According to Xinhua News Agency, the local people in Leye County are no strangers to sinkholes. The county is called “the museum of sinkholes”, where people have found 30 sinkholes so far. These sinkholes are formed because of the special karst landscape (喀斯特地貌). Karst is an area of land made up of limestone (石灰岩), which is a soft rock that can be easily dissolved in water. When rainwater flows through little cracks (裂缝) in the bedrock, the cracks are slowly enlarged (扩大). Over time, as the underground structure of the land becomes too weak to support the surface (表面) of the earth and then it falls slowly, opening up huge sinkholes. What’s amazing is the great size of China’s sinkholes. “Only China has such unbelievable karst with large sinkholes; in other parts of the world, sinkholes might be smaller, only a meter or two in diameter (直径),” US researcher George Veni told Live Science. 1．Why is Leye County called the “museum of sinkholes”? A．For the number of sinkholes. B．For the special karst landscape. C．For the small size of the sinkholes. 2．How is the sinkhole formed? ①The surface of the earth falls slowly. ②The cracks slowly grow into big holes. ③Rain water runs through cracks in the bedrock. A．①→②→③ B．③→②→① C．③→①→② 3．What can we learn from this passage? A．The sinkholes are pretty strange to the locals in Leye County. B．Sinkholes in China are much bigger in size than those in other countries. C．It’s an easy task to reach the bottom of the 192-meter-deep sinkhole for scientists. 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．The Influence of Leye County B．The History of the Sinkholes in Leye County C．An Underground Forest World—the Sinkhole in Leye County Do you like visiting parks? Have you heard of “20-minute park effect”? It says that just staying in a park for 20 minutes can make you feel better, no matter how you choose to spend the time. In the Douban interest group, park lovers from both at home and abroad share their park experiences, post photos and videos, and give park suggestions and reviews. A lady, Huang Bingbing from Shenzhen, began visiting a small park near her company after lunch over three years ago. “On the grass, I could connect with living plants and animals. It allowed me to get away from the stress of work,” Huang explained. Huang believes that parks are private (私人的) spaces. She considers herself an introverted (内向的) person, and parks serve as the perfect recharging spots for introverts. She often spends time alone in parks, free from worrying about talking to people. Parks can also be used as public places. Cheng Yuyan, who started the Douban group, found something interesting during her visits to parks abroad. She noticed that a lot of park benches (长椅) were given by local people with the names of donors (捐赠者) on them. Besides, many parks offered guidebooks about the history, geography and plants. Inspired by these practices, Cheng believes people can further deepen their connection with parks by developing a sense of ownership. She plans to encourage members of her Douban group to help take care of parks and make them better places for everyone. 1．The writer starts the passage by ________. A．raising questions B．telling stories C．giving facts 2．Why does Huang Bingbing go to the park? A．To relax from her work. B．To meet different people. C．To enjoy her lunch outdoors. 3．The underlined part “recharging spots” in Paragraph 2 means “________”. A．chances for outdoor working B．ways for chatting C．places for relaxation 4．According to Paragraph 3, what caught Cheng Yuyan’s attention during her experiences abroad? ①Photos of the parks.    ②Benches with donors’ names. ③Guidebooks about the history.  ④videos from park lovers. A．②④ B．②③ C．①③ So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e 1. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. Kua Fu Runs after the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called Kua Fu Mission. Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over two thousand years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground. From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology. 1．How do Chinese scientists get ideas for naming satellites? A．From traditional projects. B．From popular inventions. C．From old stories and ancient famous people. 2．Why is the space project named “Kua Fu Mission”? A．To prove that the story of Kua Fu is true. B．To carry forward the spirit of exploring the unknown from ancient times. C．To show that modern scientists are more powerful than ancient people. 3．How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 4? A．By giving an example. B．By comparing facts. C．By listing numbers. 4．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage? A．To spread the traditional Chinese culture. B．To explain how our scientists develop the space industry. C．To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science. You decide to get a haircut. Some of your hair is cut and cleared away, but your hair’s story doesn’t end there after the haircut. Have you ever considered using your old hair after it has been cut? Some farmers actually do this! What grows from it? Not wigs (假发), but larger and more delicious plants. Hair contains a lot of nitrogen (氮), which is good for plant growth. When hair is put into the soil, it breaks down over time and slowly gives off nitrogen. This can help flowers and vegetables grow a bit quicker. If you’re wearing a wool sweater, you’re actually wearing a sheep’s haircut. Sheep have soft, curly fur known as wool. The curls create pockets of air that hold in heat, keeping the sheep warm. Farmers cut off sheep’s wool in summer so they don’t get too hot. We use this hair to make warm clothes, socks, and hats. Wool can even take in rain without feeling wet. Wool also doesn’t catch fire easily. What does your hair say about you? Even years after it’s been cut, hair can tell surprising secrets. Since hair is made from old skin parts, it holds traces (微量) of chemicals that are in the body when the hair grows. When people are kept in the situation of harmful chemicals, these traces stay in the hair long after they’ve left the body. Testing hair can help doctors know if there are dangerous chemicals in the food and water. Hair can also tell us whose hair it is, which can help policemen punish people who break laws. Hair does a lot for us. It keeps us warm and cool, helps farmers, uncovers secrets, and offers endless styling choices. But one thing is certain. Hair isn’t just for wigs anymore. 1．How does hair help plants to grow? A．It breaks down soil. B．It provides nitrogen. C．It takes in rainwater. 2．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The curls. B．The sheep. C．The farmers. 3．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The secrets that hair shows. B．The reasons why people cut hair. C．The ways that hair helps in daily life. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The hair helps doctors and police. B．The hair offers nitrogen for plants. C．The hair has more uses in daily life. Welcome to the Museum of Failure. Maybe you haven’t heard about some of the things here. That’s because they are all a “failure”. On 7th June 2017, the Museum of Failure opened in a town in Sweden. There are more than 60 failed products from all over the world on show at the museum. Dr Samuel West set up the museum. It provides visitors with a learning experience about the important role of failure. Instead of laughing at bad designs, West hopes that his museum can help us learn from our mistakes. “When we try out a new skill or learn something, it’s okay to fail.” he says. The museum also encourages companies to become better at learning from failure. One of the failed products on show is Apple Newton. It offers an example of how companies can turn failure into success. Created in 1993, Apple Newton failed to satisfy customers. Steve Jobs stopped producing it in 1998. Twelve years later, the company produced the successful iPad. So what’s West’s greatest failure? “I’m really good at producing ideas and fun, interesting projects,” he said, “but they all failed because I don’t find a way to make them better-known to more people.” Now West became successful by setting up a museum that can travel around the world. He and his museum will then visit Los Angeles, New York, Shanghai, Tokyo and so on. Many companies have booked large group visits. 1．What can we know about the Museum of Failure according to the passage? A．It first opened in Sweden. B．It was set up to laugh at bad designs. C．It didn’t open at last. 2．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The man who founded the museum. B．The purpose of the museum. C．The activities of the museum. 3．What does Dr Samuel West want to tell us by showing Apple Newton? A．Failure is always a bad thing. B．Failure is dangerous to people. C．It’s possible to turn failure into success. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Many companies will set up such museums. B．It was difficult for West to set up the Museum of Failure. C．The Museum of Failure is very popular all over the world. To improve the environment, many countries are developing electric vehicles (EVs电动汽车). Among them, China is taking a leading role and has created the world’s largest EV market according to the Wall Street Journal (《华尔街日报》). Last year, over 40 percent of the 753,000 EVs sold worldwide were sold in China, more than twice as many as the number sold in the US, according to the International Energy Agency. Chinese drivers are already big fans of EVs. Chinese auto companies (中国汽车公司) including BYD and BAIC (北汽集团) rank among the top in the world in EV sales. “Charging an electric car is cheaper than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas,” said Wu Hao, who bought an electric car from BAIC this year. However, there are still some problems. It can be hard to find charging piles (充电桩) and the cars can’t go far before needing to be recharged. Some of these problems are being solved. In 2014, China had 31,000 charging piles, according to Xinhua News Agency. Now China has the world’s largest EV charging network, with more than 167,000 charging piles in total, according to the Economic Daily. Developing EVs is one of many efforts (努力) China has made to reduce pressure on its environment after the government promised to stop increases in carbon dioxide emissions (二氧化碳排放量) by 2030. “As China goes, so will the world’s auto industry,” the Wall Street Journal said. China has taken a leading role in the world’s electric vehicle industry. 1．According to the article, what role (角色) does China play in the global electric vehicle market? A．The smallest electric vehicle market. B．The largest electric vehicle market. C．The slowest developing electric vehicle market. 2．How many times more electric vehicles were sold in China compared to the US, according to the article? A．Half as many. B．The same amount. C．Twice as many. 3．What is one of the benefits of electric cars mentioned by Wu Hao in the article? A．They are faster than fossil fuel cars. B．They are more environmentally friendly. C．Charging them is cheaper than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas. 4．What challenge does the article mention about electric vehicles in China? A．High cost of electric vehicles. B．Difficulty in finding charging piles. C．Public dislike for electric vehicles. Maybe you should sit down before you read this. It’s a little frightening. Your sitting may be killing you. Health experts say the U.S. adult now sits about 6.5 hours a day. That is up about an hour a day compared to 2007. The news is even worse for teens. They sit eight hours each day. The information was put out by the National Center for Health Statistics. It has collected the numbers for the past 16 years. It is worried about what it has found. Research shows that people who are not active can get sick. Their bones get weaker. They burn fewer calories (卡路里). That makes them more likely to put on too much weight. They might even get diabetes (糖尿病). They are at risk for high blood pressure and heart problems, too. Some experts also think sitting too much can influence how your blood moves through your body and how well your body fights off illness. Being active helps in lots of ways. It can make you happier, burn more calories and give you more energy. It can also help you sleep better. About 60% of people in the U.S. watch at least two hours of TV each day. That number has stayed about the same in recent years. Computers are the biggest reason for more hours spent sitting. Computer use outside of work or school has gone up for all age groups. Now, 50% of adults spend at least an hour of their free time on a computer each day. That is up from 29% in 2003. About 53% of teens now spend at least an hour of free time on computers. So do 56% of kids. As many as 1 in 4 people who use computers use one for three hours or more outside of work and school. So get up, take some breaks and go outside. You might save your life by doing outdoor activities. 1．The text is especially helpful for those who care about 　　　　. A．their body shape B．their health C．their food 2．Being active can help people 　　　　. A．burn more calories B．forget their pressure C．treat heart problems 3．What is the text mainly about? A．Computers are causing health problems. B．Being more active is good for you and me. C．Too much sitting is influencing our health 4．Which of the following is most likely to be discussed next? A．The cause of diabetes. B．Introduce some outdoor activities. C．Give some examples of losing weight successfully. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $