内容正文:
冀教英语八下Unit6单词讲解表
单词
核心搭配
重点考点
经典例句
literature /ˈlɪtrətʃə(r)/ n. 文学作品;文学
literary literature 文学作品;Chinese literature 中国文学
1. 场景关联:常用于“文化/学习”话题; 2. 用法提示:“literature”是不可数名词
1. We read classic literature in Chinese class.(我们在语文课上读经典文学作品。) 2. Chinese literature has a long history.(中国文学有着悠久的历史。)
fable /ˈfeɪbl/ n. 寓言;寓言故事;谎言
Aesop's Fables 《伊索寓言》;a fable story 寓言故事
1. 常考作品:“Aesop's Fables”是经典寓言集; 2. 场景关联:常用于“文学/故事”话题
1. We learned a moral from Aesop's Fables.(我们从《伊索寓言》中学到了一个道理。) 2. Don't believe his words—it's just a fable.(别信他的话,那只是个谎言。)
fairy /ˈfeəri/ n. 仙子;小精灵
fairy tale 童话故事;fairy godmother 仙女教母
1. 固定搭配:“fairy tale”是儿童文学核心词汇; 2. 场景关联:常用于“故事/幻想”话题
1. Kids like listening to fairy tales before bed.(孩子们睡前喜欢听童话故事。) 2. The fairy in the story helped the poor girl.(故事里的仙子帮助了那个可怜的女孩。)
tale /teɪl/ n. 故事;历险记
folk tale 民间故事;adventure tale 冒险故事
1. 搭配提示:常和“folk/adventure”搭配表故事类型; 2. 场景关联:常用于“文学/故事”话题
1. This folk tale has been passed down for hundreds of years.(这个民间故事流传了数百年。) 2. He told us an exciting adventure tale about his trip.(他给我们讲了一个关于旅行的精彩冒险故事。)
meaningful /ˈmiːnɪŋfl/ adj. 意味深长的
meaningful story 有深意的故事;meaningful life 有意义的生活
1. 场景关联:常用于“评价/生活”话题; 2. 反义提示:反义词是“meaningless(无意义的)”
1. The movie tells a meaningful story about friendship.(这部电影讲了一个关于友谊的深意故事。) 2. We should live a meaningful life instead of wasting time.(我们应该过有意义的生活,而不是浪费时间。)
moral /ˈmɒrəl/ n. 寓意;道德;品行 adj. 道德的;品行端正的
the moral of the story 故事的寓意;moral education 道德教育
1. 常考搭配:“the moral of the story”是寓言类话题核心表达; 2. 场景关联:常用于“文学/教育”话题
1. What's the moral of this fable?(这个寓言的寓意是什么?) 2. Schools should pay attention to students' moral education.(学校应该重视学生的道德教育。)
fiction /ˈfɪkʃn/ n. 小说;虚构的事
science fiction 科幻小说;works of fiction 虚构作品
1. 常考搭配:“science fiction”是文学类高频短语; 2. 场景关联:常用于“文学/创作”话题
1. He likes reading science fiction in his free time.(他空闲时喜欢读科幻小说。) 2. The story is just fiction—don't take it seriously.(这个故事只是虚构的,别当真。)
novel /ˈnɒvl/ n.(长篇)小说 adj. 新颖的;与众不同的
a historical novel 历史小说;novel idea 新颖的想法
1. 一词多义:作名词表“长篇小说”,作形容词表“新颖的”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“文学/创意”话题
1. She is writing a historical novel about the Tang Dynasty.(她正在写一部关于唐朝的历史小说。) 2. His novel idea helped solve the problem.(他的新颖想法帮助解决了问题。)
league /liːɡ/ n. 里格(长度单位);联赛
football league 足球联赛;in the same league 同一水平
1. 八下重点:“联赛”是常用含义; 2. 场景关联:常用于“体育/比较”话题
1. Our school team joined the city football league.(我们校队参加了城市足球联赛。) 2. Their skills are not in the same league as ours.(他们的技能和我们不在同一水平。)
quarter /ˈkwɔːtə(r)/ n. 四分之一;一刻钟
a quarter of 四分之一;a quarter past... 几点十五分
1. 常考搭配:“a quarter past”是时间表达核心短语; 2. 场景关联:常用于“时间/数量”话题
1. A quarter of the students in our class are girls.(我们班四分之一的学生是女生。) 2. The meeting will start at a quarter past three.(会议将在三点十五分开始。)
underwater /ˌʌndəˈwɔːtə(r)/ adj. 水下的
underwater world 水下世界;underwater camera 水下相机
1. 场景关联:常用于“自然/科技”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常和“world/camera”等词搭配
1. We saw colorful fish in the underwater world.(我们在水下世界看到了五颜六色的鱼。) 2. He used an underwater camera to take photos of coral.(他用水下相机拍摄珊瑚的照片。)
discovery /dɪˈskʌvəri/ n. 发现;发觉
scientific discovery 科学发现;make a discovery 有新发现
1. 常考短语:“make a discovery”是科技/探索类高频表达; 2. 场景关联:常用于“科技/探索”话题
1. The scientific discovery changed people's understanding of the universe.(这项科学发现改变了人们对宇宙的认知。) 2. They made an important discovery during the expedition.(他们在探险中取得了一项重要发现。)
familiar /fəˈmɪliə(r)/ adj. 熟悉的
be familiar with 熟悉……;be familiar to 为……所熟悉
1. 常考搭配:“be familiar with”(主语是人)和“be familiar to”(主语是物)用法不同; 2. 场景关联:常用于“认知/人际”话题
1. I'm familiar with this song—it's very popular.(我熟悉这首歌,它很受欢迎。) 2. This story is familiar to most children.(这个故事为大多数孩子所熟悉。)
poetry /ˈpəʊətri/ n. 诗集;诗歌;诗作
modern poetry 现代诗歌;write poetry 写诗
1. 用法提示:“poetry”是不可数名词(表“诗歌总称”); 2. 场景关联:常用于“文学/创作”话题
1. We learned some modern poetry in class.(我们在课上学了一些现代诗歌。) 2. She likes to write poetry when she's free.(她空闲时喜欢写诗。)
inspiration /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃn/ n. 灵感
get inspiration 获得灵感;source of inspiration 灵感来源
1. 场景关联:常用于“创作/创意”话题; 2. 搭配提示:“get inspiration”是创作类高频短语
1. She got inspiration for her painting from nature.(她从自然中获得绘画的灵感。) 2. Traveling is an important source of inspiration for writers.(旅行是作家重要的灵感来源。)
honest /ˈɒnɪst/ adj. 诚实的;老实的
be honest with sb. 对某人诚实;to be honest 老实说
1. 常考短语:“to be honest”是口语高频表达; 2. 反义提示:反义词是“dishonest(不诚实的)”
1. You should be honest with your parents about your mistakes.(你应该对父母诚实,告诉他们你的错误。) 2. To be honest, I don't like this movie very much.(老实说,我不太喜欢这部电影。)
woodcutter /ˈwʊdkʌtə(r)/ n. 伐木工人
a village woodcutter 村里的伐木工人
1. 构词记忆:由“wood(木头)+ cutter(砍伐者)”构成; 2. 场景关联:常用于“职业/故事”话题
1. The woodcutter cut down trees in the forest every day.(伐木工人每天在森林里砍树。) 2. The fable tells a story about a kind woodcutter.(这个寓言讲了一个善良伐木工人的故事。)
axe /æks/ n. 斧
use an axe 用斧头;a sharp axe 锋利的斧头
1. 场景关联:常用于“工具/故事”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常和“sharp”搭配表“锋利的斧头”
1. The woodcutter used an axe to cut the tree.(伐木工人用斧头砍树。) 2. He sharpened the axe before going to the forest.(他去森林前把斧头磨锋利了。)
suddenly /ˈsʌdənli/ adv. 突然;忽然
happen suddenly 突然发生
1. 用法提示:用于描述动作的突发性; 2. 场景关联:常用于“故事/事件”话题
1. It began to rain suddenly when we were walking.(我们走路时突然开始下雨了。) 2. The lights went out suddenly in the room.(房间里的灯突然熄灭了。)
silver /ˈsɪlvə(r)/ n. 银;银币;银白色 adj. 银色的;银白色的
silver coin 银币;silver hair 银发
1. 一词多义:作名词表“银/银币”,作形容词表“银色的”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“物品/外貌”话题
1. He found an old silver coin in the garden.(他在花园里发现了一枚旧银币。) 2. The old man has silver hair and a kind smile.(老人有着银发和慈祥的笑容。)
none /nʌn/ pron. 没有一个;毫无
none of... 没有一个;none left 没有剩余
1. 常考搭配:“none of”后接名词/代词,表“全部否定”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“数量/否定”话题
1. None of the students passed the exam.(没有一个学生通过考试。) 2. There is none of the cake left—we ate it all.(蛋糕一点都没剩,我们全吃完了。)
honesty /ˈɒnəsti/ n. 诚实;老实
honesty is the best policy 诚实为上策
1. 常考谚语:“honesty is the best policy”是道德类核心表达; 2. 场景关联:常用于“品德/教育”话题
1. The teacher told us that honesty is the best policy.(老师告诉我们诚实为上策。) 2. His honesty made him popular among his friends.(他的诚实让他在朋友中很受欢迎。)
policy /ˈpɒləsi/ n. 为人之道;政策
national policy 国家政策;company policy 公司政策
1. 八下重点:“为人之道”是文学类含义,“政策”是常用含义; 2. 场景关联:常用于“社会/职场”话题
1. The government has made a new national policy on education.(政府制定了新的教育国家政策。) 2. It's against the company policy to use phones at work.(工作时用手机违反公司政策。)
empty /ˈempti/ adj. 空的;无意义的
empty box 空盒子;empty words 空话
1. 一词多义:作形容词表“容器空的”或“内容无意义的”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“物品/语言”话题
1. The room was empty—no one was there.(房间是空的,没人在里面。) 2. Don't say empty words—we need practical actions.(别讲空话,我们需要实际行动。)
wonderland /ˈwʌndəlænd/ n. 仙境;奇境
Alice in Wonderland 《爱丽丝梦游仙境》
1. 常考作品:“Alice in Wonderland”是经典文学作品; 2. 场景关联:常用于“文学/幻想”话题
1. We felt like we were in a wonderland when we saw the beautiful scenery.(看到美景时,我们感觉像在仙境里。) 2. “Alice in Wonderland” is a famous children's book.(《爱丽丝梦游仙境》是著名的儿童读物。)
mad /mæd/ adj. 很生气;疯的
be mad at sb. 生某人的气;go mad 发疯
1. 常考搭配:“be mad at sb.”是情绪类高频短语; 2. 场景关联:常用于“情绪/状态”话题
1. My mom was mad at me for being late home.(我妈妈因为我晚回家而生我的气。) 2. He will go mad if he stays alone for too long.(他独处太久会发疯的。)
frightened /ˈfraɪtnd/ adj. 害怕的;受惊的
be frightened of 害怕……;look frightened 看起来害怕
1. 常考搭配:“be frightened of”表“害怕某物”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“情绪/状态”话题
1. The little girl is frightened of dogs.(小女孩害怕狗。) 2. He looked frightened when he heard the loud noise.(听到巨响时,他看起来很害怕。)
dare /deə(r)/ v. 敢于
dare to do sth. 敢于做某事;dare not 不敢
1. 常考句型:“dare to do”表“敢于行动”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“勇气/行为”话题
1. She dares to speak in front of thousands of people.(她敢于在数千人面前发言。) 2. He dare not tell his parents about his bad grades.(他不敢告诉父母自己的差成绩。)
frozen /ˈfrəʊzn/ adj. 冰封的;极冷的
frozen lake 冰封的湖;frozen food 冷冻食品
1. 动词变形:是“freeze”的过去分词,作形容词表“结冰的”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“天气/食品”话题
1. We skated on the frozen lake in winter.(冬天我们在冰封的湖上滑冰。) 2. Frozen food is convenient but not as healthy as fresh food.(冷冻食品很方便,但不如新鲜食品健康。)
musician /mjuˈzɪʃn/ n. 乐师;音乐家
famous musician 著名音乐家;classical musician 古典音乐家
1. 场景关联:常用于“职业/艺术”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常和“famous/classical”修饰音乐家类型
1. Beethoven is a world-famous musician.(贝多芬是世界著名的音乐家。) 2. She wants to be a classical musician in the future.(她未来想成为一名古典音乐家。)
tranquil /ˈtræŋkwɪl/ adj. 安静的
tranquil place 安静的地方;tranquil life 宁静的生活
1. 同义提示:近义词是“quiet(安静的)”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“环境/生活”话题
1. We found a tranquil place by the lake to rest.(我们在湖边找到一个安静的地方休息。) 2. She enjoys the tranquil life in the countryside.(她喜欢乡村宁静的生活。)
hoar-frost /ˈhɔː frɒst/ n. 霜;冰霜
heavy hoar-frost 厚霜
1. 场景关联:常用于“天气/自然”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常和“heavy”搭配表“厚霜”
1. The grass was covered with hoar-frost in the morning.(早上草地上覆盖着霜。) 2. Heavy hoar-frost made the trees look white.(厚霜让树木看起来白茫茫的。)
bow /baʊ/ v.(低)头;鞠躬
bow to sb. 向某人鞠躬;bow down 低头
1. 场景关联:常用于“礼仪/动作”话题; 2. 搭配提示:“bow to sb.”表“向某人行礼”
1. He bowed to the audience after his performance.(表演结束后他向观众鞠躬。) 2. She bowed down to pick up the book she dropped.(她低头捡起掉在地上的书。)
homesickness /ˈhəʊmsɪknəs/ n. 思乡
feel homesickness 感到思乡;suffer from homesickness 饱受思乡之苦
1. 场景关联:常用于“情感/生活”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常和“feel/suffer from”搭配表“思乡”
1. Many students feel homesickness when they first go to college.(很多学生刚上大学时会感到思乡。) 2. He suffered from homesickness while working abroad.(他在国外工作时饱受思乡之苦。)
tune /tjuːn/ n. 曲调;曲子 v. 调音;调整
beautiful tune 优美的曲调;tune a guitar 给吉他调音
1. 一词多义:作名词表“曲调”,作动词表“调音”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“音乐/工具”话题
1. We hummed the beautiful tune of the song.(我们哼着这首歌的优美曲调。) 2. He is tuning his guitar before the concert.(他在音乐会前给吉他调音。)
weigh /weɪ/ v. 认真考虑;权衡
weigh the pros and cons 权衡利弊;weigh a decision 慎重考虑决定
1. 常考短语:“weigh the pros and cons”是决策类高频表达; 2. 场景关联:常用于“决策/思考”话题
1. We need to weigh the pros and cons before making a choice.(做选择前我们需要权衡利弊。) 2. He weighed the decision carefully for several days.(他慎重考虑这个决定好几天了。)
dollar /ˈdɒlə(r)/ n. 美元(币值)
US dollar 美元;ten dollars 十美元
1. 场景关联:常用于“货币/购物”话题; 2. 搭配提示:“US dollar”是国际常用货币名称
1. This book costs twenty US dollars.(这本书售价二十美元。) 2. He exchanged his RMB for dollars before going to America.(他去美国前把人民币换成了美元。)
office /ˈɒfɪs/ n. 办公室;办公楼
in the office 在办公室;office worker 办公室职员
1. 场景关联:常用于“职场/场所”话题; 2. 搭配提示:“office worker”表“上班族”
1. I left my notebook in the office—can you get it for me?(我把笔记本落在办公室了,你能帮我拿一下吗?) 2. Most office workers need to sit for a long time.(大多数上班族需要长时间坐着。)
lawyer /ˈlɔːjə(r)/ n. 律师
a criminal lawyer 刑事律师;hire a lawyer 聘请律师
1. 场景关联:常用于“职业/法律”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常和“criminal”等词修饰律师类型
1. Her sister works as a criminal lawyer in a big firm.(她姐姐在一家大律所当刑事律师。) 2. They decided to hire a lawyer to handle the case.(他们决定聘请律师处理这个案子。)
cash /kæʃ/ n. 现金;金钱
pay in cash 用现金支付;cash machine 取款机
1. 常考搭配:“pay in cash”是购物类高频短语; 2. 场景关联:常用于“支付/金融”话题
1. The shop allows customers to pay in cash or by card.(这家店允许顾客用现金或刷卡支付。) 2. I need to get some money from the cash machine.(我需要从取款机取点钱。)
packet /ˈpækɪt/ n.(商品的)小包装纸
a packet of 一包……;a packet of candy 一包糖果
1. 常考搭配:“a packet of”表“一包物品”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“购物/食品”话题
1. She bought a packet of chips from the supermarket.(她从超市买了一包薯片。) 2. There is a packet of tea on the table.(桌上有一包茶叶。)
forever /fəˈrevə(r)/ adv. 永远;常常
love forever 永远相爱;forever young 永远年轻
1. 场景关联:常用于“情感/愿望”话题; 2. 搭配提示:“love forever”是情感类常用表达
1. They promised to love each other forever.(他们承诺永远相爱。) 2. We hope our grandparents can stay forever young.(我们希望爷爷奶奶能永远年轻。)
smooth /smuːð/ adj. 光滑的;顺利的
smooth surface 光滑的表面;smooth process 顺利的过程
1. 一词多义:表“物品光滑”或“过程顺利”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“物品/事件”话题
1. The stone has a smooth surface after being polished.(石头抛光后表面很光滑。) 2. The project went through a smooth process.(这个项目的过程很顺利。)
refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/ v. 拒绝;回绝
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事;refuse an offer 拒绝提议
1. 常考搭配:“refuse to do”是动作类高频短语; 2. 场景关联:常用于“行为/决策”话题
1. He refused to help me with my homework.(他拒绝帮我做作业。) 2. She refused the job offer because the salary was too low.(她拒绝了这份工作,因为薪水太低。)
attack /əˈtæk/ v. & n. 攻击
attack sb. 攻击某人;a sudden attack 突然袭击
1. 场景关联:常用于“冲突/事件”话题; 2. 搭配提示:“a sudden attack”表“突然攻击”
1. The dog attacked the boy when he tried to touch it.(男孩想摸狗时,狗攻击了他。) 2. The army suffered a sudden attack from the enemy.(军队遭到了敌人的突然袭击。)
brave /breɪv/ adj. 勇敢的;无畏的
brave person 勇敢的人;be brave enough to do 足够勇敢做某事
1. 常考句型:“be brave enough to do”是勇气类高频表达; 2. 反义提示:反义词是“cowardly(胆小的)”
1. He is a brave firefighter who saved many lives.(他是个勇敢的消防员,救了很多人。) 2. She is brave enough to face any difficulties.(她足够勇敢,能面对任何困难。)
mention /ˈmenʃn/ v. 提到;写到;说到
mention sth. to sb. 向某人提到某事;don't mention it 不客气(回应感谢)
1. 常考短语:“don't mention it”是礼貌用语; 2. 场景关联:常用于“对话/写作”话题
1. She mentioned her new job to me yesterday.(她昨天向我提到了她的新工作。) 2. —Thank you for your help! —Don't mention it.(—谢谢你的帮助!—不客气。)
palace /ˈpæləs/ n. 王宫;宫殿;总统府
the Palace Museum 故宫博物院;royal palace 王宫
1. 常考地点:“the Palace Museum”是中国著名景点; 2. 场景关联:常用于“建筑/历史”话题
1. We visited the Palace Museum during our trip to Beijing.(我们去北京旅行时参观了故宫博物院。) 2. The king lived in a beautiful royal palace.(国王住在一座美丽的王宫里。)
himself /hɪmˈself/ pron. 他自己
by himself 独自;himself(强调主语)
1. 语法考点:是反身代词,表“强调/独自”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“动作/强调”话题
1. He finished the project by himself.(他独自完成了这个项目。) 2. He himself made the decision—no one forced him.(是他自己做的决定,没人强迫他。)
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