内容正文:
冀教英语八下Unit3单词讲解表
单词
核心搭配
重点考点
经典例句
benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ n. 利益;好处 v. 有用,对……有益
benefit from... 从……中受益;for the benefit of... 为了……的利益
1. 常考搭配:“benefit from”是高频短语,表“从某事中获益”; 2. 词性转换:作名词表“好处”,作动词表“对……有益”
1. We can benefit a lot from reading.(我们能从阅读中获益良多。) 2. This activity will benefit all students.(这个活动对所有学生都有益。)
endurance /ɪnˈdjʊərəns/ n. 忍耐力;耐性
physical endurance 身体耐力;mental endurance 心理耐力
1. 场景关联:常用于“运动/意志”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常和“physical/mental”搭配区分不同类型的耐力
1. Long-distance running needs good physical endurance.(长跑需要良好的身体耐力。) 2. She has great mental endurance to face difficulties.(她有强大的心理耐力面对困难。)
stress /stres/ n. 压力;重要性 v. 强调;使紧张
stress out 压力过大;stress the importance of... 强调……的重要性
1. 一词多义:作名词表“压力”,作动词表“强调”; 2. 常考短语:“stress out”是日常口语高频表达
1. Too much homework makes students stress out.(太多作业让学生压力过大。) 2. The teacher stressed the importance of safety.(老师强调了安全的重要性。)
motor /ˈməʊtə(r)/ adj. 肌肉运动的
motor skills 运动技能
1. 场景关联:常用于“身体能力”话题; 2. 固定搭配:“motor skills”是学科(如体育)常考短语
1. Playing ball games can improve kids' motor skills.(打球能提升孩子的运动技能。) 2. The course helps develop basic motor skills.(这门课帮助培养基础运动技能。)
coordination /kəʊˌɔːdɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 协调;配合
hand-eye coordination 手眼协调;team coordination 团队配合
1. 搭配提示:常和“hand-eye/team”搭配表不同场景的协调; 2. 场景关联:常用于“运动/团队”话题
1. Playing ping-pong can improve hand-eye coordination.(打乒乓球能提升手眼协调。) 2. Good team coordination is key to winning the game.(良好的团队配合是获胜的关键。)
athlete /ˈæθliːt/ n. 运动员
top athlete 顶尖运动员;professional athlete 职业运动员
1. 场景关联:常用于“运动/职业”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常和“top/professional”修饰运动员类型
1. He dreams of becoming a top athlete in the future.(他梦想未来成为顶尖运动员。) 2. Professional athletes need strict training.(职业运动员需要严格训练。)
joy /dʒɔɪ/ n. 快乐;乐趣;愉快
the joy of... ……的乐趣;fill with joy 充满快乐
1. 常考搭配:“the joy of”表“做某事的乐趣”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“情感/生活”话题
1. We felt the joy of helping others.(我们感受到了帮助他人的乐趣。) 2. The good news filled her with joy.(好消息让她充满快乐。)
historical /hɪˈstɒrɪkl/ adj. 历史(学)的
historical event 历史事件;historical figure 历史人物
1. 场景关联:常用于“历史”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常修饰“event/figure”等历史相关名词
1. We learned about some important historical events in class.(我们在课上学了一些重要的历史事件。) 2. The museum shows relics of historical figures.(博物馆展示历史人物的遗物。)
pace /peɪs/ n. 步速;步伐;一步 v. 踱步;调整节奏
keep pace with... 跟上……的节奏;set the pace 定节奏
1. 常考短语:“keep pace with”是高频考点,表“跟上”; 2. 一词多义:作名词表“节奏”,作动词表“踱步”
1. We need to keep pace with the teacher in class.(我们要跟上老师的课堂节奏。) 2. He paced around the room while waiting.(他等待时在房间里踱步。)
memory /ˈmeməri/ n. 记忆力;记忆
have a good memory 记忆力好;in memory of... 为了纪念……
1. 常考短语:“in memory of”是写作高频表达; 2. 场景关联:常用于“学习/情感”话题
1. She has a good memory and can remember words quickly.(她记忆力好,能快速记单词。) 2. We built a monument in memory of the heroes.(我们建纪念碑纪念英雄。)
solve /sɒlv/ v. 解决;解答
solve a problem 解决问题;solve a math problem 解数学题
1. 固定搭配:“solve a problem”是日常/学习高频短语; 2. 场景关联:常用于“学习/生活”话题
1. We need to work together to solve this problem.(我们得合作解决这个问题。) 2. He spent 10 minutes solving the math problem.(他花了10分钟解这道数学题。)
since /sɪns/ conj. & prep. 自……以来
since then 从那以后;since + 时间点 自从……
1. 语法考点:引导现在完成时的时间状语(常与“have/has done”连用); 2. 常考短语:“since then”表“从过去某时到现在”
1. I have lived here since 2018.(我从2018年起就住在这里。) 2. She has been a teacher since then.(从那以后她就当了老师。)
gold /ɡəʊld/ adj. 金的,金制的;金色的 n. 金;黄金;金色
gold medal 金牌;gold ring 金戒指
1. 常考搭配:“gold medal”是体育话题核心词汇; 2. 一词多义:作形容词表“金色的”,作名词表“黄金”
1. He won a gold medal in the sports meeting.(他在运动会上赢得了金牌。) 2. The necklace is made of pure gold.(这条项链是纯金做的。)
medal /ˈmedl/ n. 奖章;勋章;纪念章
win a medal 赢得奖章;bronze medal 铜牌
1. 场景关联:常用于“体育/荣誉”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常和“gold/silver/bronze”搭配表奖牌类型
1. Her dream is to win a medal in the Olympics.(她的梦想是在奥运会上赢得奖牌。) 2. He got a bronze medal in the competition.(他在比赛中获得了铜牌。)
victory /ˈvɪktəri/ n. 胜利;成功
win a victory 取得胜利;victory over... 战胜……
1. 常考短语:“victory over”表“战胜某人/某事”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“比赛/竞争”话题
1. Our team finally won a victory after hard work.(我们队努力后终于取得了胜利。) 2. It's a great victory over our difficulties.(这是战胜困难的重大胜利。)
achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ n. 成就;完成
great achievement 伟大成就;academic achievement 学业成就
1. 搭配提示:常和“great/academic”修饰不同领域的成就; 2. 场景关联:常用于“成长/荣誉”话题
1. His invention is a great achievement in science.(他的发明是科学领域的伟大成就。) 2. She has made good academic achievements this term.(她这学期取得了不错的学业成就。)
already /ɔːlˈredi/ adv. 已经;早已
(用于现在完成时,放在have/has之后)
1. 语法考点:是现在完成时的标志词,表“动作已完成”; 2. 用法提示:通常不用于否定句
1. I have already finished my homework.(我已经完成作业了。) 2. The train had already left when we arrived.(我们到的时候火车已经开走了。)
nowadays /ˈnaʊədeɪz/ adv. 现今;目前
(用于描述当前的情况)
1. 场景关联:常用于“对比过去与现在”的话题; 2. 用法提示:常置于句首或句中
1. Nowadays, people often use phones to communicate.(现今,人们常常用手机交流。) 2. We have better living conditions nowadays.(我们现在的生活条件更好了。)
refer /rɪˈfɜː(r)/ v. 提到;涉及
refer to 提到;参考;refer to a dictionary 查字典
1. 常考短语:“refer to”是高频考点,有“提到/参考”等含义; 2. 动词变形:过去式/过去分词为“referred/referred”
1. The teacher referred to a story in class.(老师在课上提到了一个故事。) 2. You can refer to the dictionary when you meet new words.(遇到生词时你可以查字典。)
hockey /ˈhɒki/ n. 冰球;曲棍球
play hockey 打冰球/曲棍球
1. 场景关联:常用于“运动”话题; 2. 固定搭配:“play hockey”是运动场景常用短语
1. They often play hockey on weekends.(他们周末常打曲棍球。) 2. Hockey is a popular sport in some countries.(冰球在一些国家是受欢迎的运动。)
dive /daɪv/ v. 跳水;潜水;俯冲
dive into the water 跳入水中;go diving 去潜水
1. 场景关联:常用于“运动/活动”话题; 2. 固定搭配:“go diving”是休闲活动常用表达
1. The athlete dived into the water smoothly.(运动员流畅地跳入水中。) 2. We plan to go diving during the holiday.(我们计划假期去潜水。)
coach /kəʊtʃ/ n. 教练
football coach 足球教练;coach sb. 指导某人
1. 场景关联:常用于“运动/培训”话题; 2. 一词多义:也可作动词表“指导”
1. Their football coach is very strict but kind.(他们的足球教练很严格但很友善。) 2. He coaches the kids in basketball after school.(他放学后指导孩子们打篮球。)
courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/ n. 勇气;勇敢
have the courage to do sth. 有勇气做某事;take courage 鼓起勇气
1. 常考句型:“have the courage to do”是写作高频表达; 2. 场景关联:常用于“情感/成长”话题
1. She has the courage to speak in front of the whole class.(她有勇气在全班面前发言。) 2. Take courage—you can pass the exam.(鼓起勇气,你能通过考试的。)
influence /ˈɪnfluəns/ v. & n. 影响
have an influence on... 对……有影响;positive influence 积极影响
1. 常考短语:“have an influence on”是高频考点; 2. 搭配提示:常和“positive/negative”修饰影响类型
1. Parents have a big influence on their children.(父母对孩子影响很大。) 2. Reading books has a positive influence on our minds.(读书对我们的思想有积极影响。)
shed /ʃed/ v. 流,洒;落;去除
shed tears 流泪;shed leaves 落叶
1. 固定搭配:“shed tears”是情感表达常用短语; 2. 动词变形:过去式/过去分词为“shed/shed”
1. She shed tears when she heard the sad news.(听到坏消息时她流下了眼泪。) 2. The tree sheds leaves in autumn.(这棵树秋天落叶。)
tear /tɪə(r)/ n. 眼泪;泪珠;泪水
in tears 流着泪;tear of joy 喜悦的泪水
1. 常考短语:“in tears”表“处于流泪的状态”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“情感”话题
1. She ran out of the room in tears.(她流着泪跑出了房间。) 2. There are tears of joy on her face.(她脸上有喜悦的泪水。)
glory /ˈɡlɔːri/ n. 光荣;辉煌;荣誉
win glory for... 为……赢得荣誉;glory days 辉煌岁月
1. 常考短语:“win glory for”是荣誉话题核心表达; 2. 场景关联:常用于“体育/成就”话题
1. The athletes won glory for our country.(运动员们为祖国赢得了荣誉。) 2. They often talk about their glory days in high school.(他们常聊高中的辉煌岁月。)
nation /ˈneɪʃn/ n. 国家;民族
the whole nation 全国;nationwide 全国范围的
1. 场景关联:常用于“国家/民族”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常和“whole”搭配表“全国”
1. The whole nation was sad about the disaster.(全国都为这场灾难感到悲痛。) 2. This festival is celebrated nationwide.(这个节日在全国范围内庆祝。)
determination /dɪˌtɜːmɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 决心
with determination 带着决心;firm determination 坚定的决心
1. 常考短语:“with determination”表“坚定地”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“成长/目标”话题
1. He finished the task with great determination.(他带着极大的决心完成了任务。) 2. She has a firm determination to learn English well.(她有学好英语的坚定决心。)
teamwork /ˈtiːmwɜːk/ n. 团队合作
good teamwork 良好的团队合作;work together in teamwork 团队协作
1. 场景关联:常用于“团队/比赛”话题; 2. 核心含义:强调“集体协作”的重要性
1. Good teamwork helped us win the game.(良好的团队合作帮我们赢得了比赛。) 2. We need to practice teamwork in group projects.(我们在小组项目中需要练习团队合作。)
tough /tʌf/ adj. 困难的;坚韧的
tough problem 难题;tough person 坚韧的人
1. 一词多义:可表“事情困难”或“人坚韧”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“挑战/人物”话题
1. This math problem is too tough for me.(这道数学题对我来说太难了。) 2. He is a tough man who never gives up.(他是个坚韧的人,从不放弃。)
shot /ʃɒt/ n. 击球;射击;发射
take a shot 击球/射击;good shot 好球
1. 场景关联:常用于“运动/射击”话题; 2. 固定搭配:“take a shot”是运动场景常用表达
1. He took a good shot and scored a goal.(他打出一记好球,进了一球。) 2. The soldier took a shot at the target.(士兵向目标开了一枪。)
blame /bleɪm/ v. 责备;归咎于 n. 责备;指责
blame sb. for sth. 因某事责备某人;take the blame 承担责任
1. 常考搭配:“blame sb. for sth.”是高频考点; 2. 词性转换:作动词表“责备”,作名词表“指责”
1. Don't blame him for the mistake—it's not his fault.(别因这个错误责备他,不是他的错。) 2. He took the blame for the team's failure.(他为团队的失败承担了责任。)
encouragement /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒmənt/ n. 鼓励
give sb. encouragement 鼓励某人;words of encouragement 鼓励的话语
1. 场景关联:常用于“情感/成长”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常和“give”搭配表“给予鼓励”
1. Her teacher's encouragement made her more confident.(老师的鼓励让她更自信了。) 2. We need to use words of encouragement when others are down.(别人失落时我们要用鼓励的话语。)
positive /ˈpɒzətɪv/ adj. 积极的;正面的
positive attitude 积极的态度;positive effect 积极的影响
1. 搭配提示:常和“attitude/effect”搭配表积极的事物; 2. 反义提示:反义词是“negative(消极的)”
1. We should keep a positive attitude towards life.(我们应该对生活保持积极的态度。) 2. The new policy has a positive effect on the economy.(新政策对经济有积极的影响。)
atmosphere /ˈætməsfɪə(r)/ n. 气氛;大气
good atmosphere 良好的气氛;atmosphere pollution 大气污染
1. 一词多义:可表“场景气氛”或“地球大气”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“环境/社交”话题
1. The party has a warm and friendly atmosphere.(派对有温暖友好的气氛。) 2. We need to reduce atmosphere pollution.(我们需要减少大气污染。)
court /kɔːt/ n. 球场;法院;宫廷
basketball court 篮球场;go to court 上法庭
1. 一词多义:八下重点是“球场”; 2. 搭配提示:常和运动名称搭配表“某类球场”
1. We often play basketball on the school court.(我们常在校篮球场上打球。) 2. The tennis court is behind the gym.(网球场在体育馆后面。)
rope /rəʊp/ n. 绳;绳索;圈绳
jump rope 跳绳;tie with a rope 用绳子绑
1. 固定搭配:“jump rope”是运动场景常用短语; 2. 场景关联:常用于“运动/工具”话题
1. We often jump rope during the break.(我们课间常跳绳。) 2. He tied the box with a strong rope.(他用结实的绳子绑好了箱子。)
push /pʊʃ/ v. 推动(人或物);推进
push sb. to do sth. 促使某人做某事;push forward 推进
1. 常考搭配:“push sb. to do”表“促使某人行动”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“动作/发展”话题
1. His parents pushed him to study harder.(他父母促使他更努力学习。) 2. We need to push forward the project quickly.(我们得快速推进这个项目。)
compete /kəmˈpiːt/ v. 竞争;参加比赛
compete with sb. 和某人竞争;compete in a race 参加比赛
1. 常考搭配:“compete with”是竞争话题核心短语; 2. 词性拓展:名词形式为“competition(比赛)”
1. We will compete with the top team in the game.(我们会在比赛中和顶尖队伍竞争。) 2. She decided to compete in the school running race.(她决定参加学校的跑步比赛。)
balance /ˈbæləns/ v. 使平衡;相抵 n. 平衡;余额
keep balance 保持平衡;balance between...and... ……和……之间的平衡
1. 常考短语:“keep balance”是运动/生活话题高频表达; 2. 一词多义:作名词可表“账户余额”
1. It's not easy to keep balance on a skateboard.(在滑板上保持平衡不容易。) 2. We need to find a balance between study and rest.(我们要找到学习和休息的平衡。)
chopsticks /ˈtʃɒpstɪks/ n. 筷子
use chopsticks 用筷子;a pair of chopsticks 一双筷子
1. 场景关联:常用于“饮食/文化”话题; 2. 用法提示:“chopsticks”通常用复数形式
1. Foreigners often learn to use chopsticks when coming to China.(外国人来中国常学用筷子。) 2. Please pass me a pair of chopsticks.(请递给我一双筷子。)
modern /ˈmɒdn/ adj. 现代的;先进的
modern technology 现代科技;modern life 现代生活
1. 搭配提示:常和“technology/life”搭配表现代事物; 2. 场景关联:常用于“科技/生活”话题
1. Modern technology has changed our lives a lot.(现代科技极大地改变了我们的生活。) 2. We live a comfortable life in modern society.(我们在现代社会过着舒适的生活。)
meeting /ˈmiːtɪŋ/ n. 会议;集会
have a meeting 开会;class meeting 班会
1. 固定搭配:“have a meeting”是日常高频短语; 2. 场景关联:常用于“校园/工作”话题
1. Our class will have a meeting after school.(我们班放学后要开班会。) 2. The teachers are having a meeting in the office.(老师们正在办公室开会。)
international /ˌɪntəˈnæʃnl/ adj. 国际的
international competition 国际比赛;international law 国际法
1. 场景关联:常用于“国际交流/比赛”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常修饰“competition/law”等名词
1. She took part in an international piano competition.(她参加了国际钢琴比赛。) 2. We should follow international law in business.(我们在商业中要遵守国际法。)
found /faʊnd/ v. 创建;创办
found a company 创办公司;found a school 创办学校
1. 动词变形:过去式/过去分词为“founded/founded”(注意和“find”的过去式“found”区分); 2. 场景关联:常用于“创业/教育”话题
1. His father founded a small company 10 years ago.(他父亲10年前创办了一家小公司。) 2. The school was founded in 1950.(这所学校创办于1950年。)
background /ˈbækɡraʊnd/ n. 背景;经历
family background 家庭背景;educational background 教育背景
1. 搭配提示:常和“family/educational”搭配表不同类型的背景; 2. 场景关联:常用于“人物介绍”话题
1. Her family background helps her understand different people.(她的家庭背景帮助她理解不同的人。) 2. We need to write our educational background in the form.(我们要在表格里填写教育背景。)
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