Unit 2 语法知识点+专项练习 2025-2026学年人教版七年级英语下册

1 新人教版七下英语Unit 2 语法知识点+专项练习 一、核心知识点 A.词性转换 1. arrive (v. 到达) → arrival (n. 到达；抵达) 2. polite (adj. 有礼貌的) → politely (adv. 有礼貌地)；impolite (adj. 不礼貌的) 3. respect (v. & n. 尊敬；尊重) → respectful (adj. 恭敬的)；respectable (adj. 值得尊敬的) 4. focus (v. & n. 集中注意力；焦点) → focused (adj. 专注的) 5. happy (adj. 开心的) → unhappy (adj. 不开心的)；happiness (n. 幸福) 6. tidy (adj. 整洁的) → untidy (adj. 不整洁的)；tidily (adv. 整洁地) 7. quiet (adj. 安静的) → quietly (adv. 安静地) 8. uniform (n. 校服) → uniformed (adj. 穿制服的) 9. treat (v. 对待；招待) → treatment (n. 治疗；对待) 10. absent (adj. 缺席的) → absence (n. 缺席；不在) 11. noise (n. 噪音) → noisy (adj. 吵闹的)；noisily (adv. 吵闹地) 12. clean (adj. 干净的 v. 打扫) → cleanly (adv. 干净地)；cleaning (n. 打扫) B.核心语法 1. 情态动词辨析（must / have to / can） - must：表主观义务、命令，语气强烈；否定式mustn't（禁止，不允许） - have to：表客观要求、外在约束（校规/规则）；否定式don't/doesn't have to（不必），第三人称单数用has to - can：表允许、能力；否定式can't（不允许/不能）；一般疑问句Can I...? 表请求许可 2. 祈使句（规则表达核心） - 肯定式：动词原形开头 → Be quiet. / Wear your uniform. - 否定式：Don't + 动词原形 → Don't run in hallways. / Don't litter everywhere. - 建议式：Let's + 动词原形 → Let's follow the school rules. 二、专项练习 （一）用所给词的适当形式填空 1. We must ______ (arrive) at school before 7:50 a.m. 2. It's ______ (polite) to talk loudly in the library. 3. She always speaks to teachers ______ (polite) at school. 4. We should ______ (respect) our parents and classmates. 5. Don't be ______ (happy) about the school rules—they are for our safety. 6. Keep your desk ______ (tidy) every day. 7. The students are reading ______ (quiet) in the classroom. 8. You mustn't ______ (litter) on the playground. （二）按要求改写句子 1. We must wear school uniforms at school.（改为否定句） → We ______ ______ school uniforms at school. 2. He has to finish his homework first.（改为一般疑问句） → ______ he ______ ______ finish his homework first? 3. Can I use my mobile phone in the dining hall?（作否定回答） → No, ______ ______. 4. Don't run in the hallways.（改为同义句） → You ______ ______ in the hallways. 5. They have to clean the classroom every day.（改为否定句） → They ______ ______ ______ clean the classroom every day. （三）. 完形填空 阅读短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 School rules are very important for every student. They help us live and study in order. My school has many clear rules, and we all must follow them. Every morning, I get up early to 1 at school on time. I know I mustn't be late, or I'll be 2 from the morning reading. When I walk through the 3 , I never run—running there is dangerous and it's against the rule. I always wear my clean 4 from Monday to Friday. It makes all of us look tidy and united. In class, I 5 listen to the teacher carefully and 6 on my study. I can't use my 7 in class, so I always turn it off before lessons start. During the break, I tell my classmates not to 8 on the floor. We should keep our school clean. It's 9 to be friendly and respect to everyone around us, including our teachers and classmates. Sometimes the rules feel strict, but I know they are for our own good. We 10 follow them to make our school life safe and happy. ( ) 1. A. get B. arrive C. reach D. go ( ) 2. A. absent B. late C. happy D. noisy ( ) 3. A. classroom B. library C. hallway D. playground ( ) 4. A. jacket B. uniform C. hat D. shoe ( ) 5. A. must B. can C. may D. could ( ) 6. A. focus B. relax C. play D. talk ( ) 7. A. textbook B. pen C. mobile phone D. notebook ( ) 8. A. eat B. litter C. talk D. sit ( ) 9. A. impolite B. polite C. unhappy D. noisy ( ) 10. A. can B. must C. may D. don't have to （四）. 单项选择 ( ) 1. — What are our school rules? — We ______ arrive at school on time every day. A. can B. must C. may D. could ( ) 2. You ______ run in the hallways. It's really dangerous. A. mustn't B. don't have to C. can D. may ( ) 3. — Do we have to wear uniforms today? — No, we ______. Today is Saturday. A. mustn't B. don't have to C. can't D. shouldn't ( ) 4. — Can I eat snacks in the classroom? — Sorry, you ______. You can eat them in the dining hall. A. Can B. can't C. must D. mustn't ( ) 5. He ______ get up early tomorrow. He has no class on weekends. A. mustn't B. don't have to C. doesn't have to D. can't ( ) 6. ______ quiet in the library. All the students are reading. A. Be B. Don't be C. Can be D. Must be ( ) 7. — ______ do you have to get to school? — At 7:40 a.m. And we can't be late. A. What B. Where C. What time D. How ( ) 8. We ______ be polite to our teachers. It's a basic rule at school. A. Can B. must C. may D. could ( ) 9. My sister ______ wear glasses because her eyesight is very good. A. mustn't B. don't have to C. doesn't have to D. can't ( ) 10. ______ fight with your classmates. It's not friendly at all. A. Do B. Don't C. Must D. Can't （五）.语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，使短文通顺完整。 Every student must 1. (follow) school rules. They make our school a safe and tidy place. Let's learn about some basic rules. First, we must 2. (arrive) at school 3. ______ (准时). If you are late, you need to say sorry to your teacher. Second, don't run in the 4. (hallway). It's easy to fall and get hurt there. Third, all students 5 .______ (have to) wear their school 6. (uniform) on school days. It's a rule in most schools. Fourth, we can't use our 7. (mobile phone) in class. Phones can make us not 8. (focus) on our study. Fifth, in the library, we must keep 9. (quiet) and read 10. (quietly). We can't talk loudly or make any 11. (noise). Sixth, don't 12. (litter) anywhere in the school. We should keep our school clean and 13. (tidy). Finally, we must be 14. (polite) and 15. (respect) our teachers and classmates. Following rules is everyone's duty. （六）完成句子 1. 我们必须遵守学校规则。 We must ______ the ______ ______. 2. 别在走廊里奔跑，这是学校的规定。 Don't run ______ the ______. It's a school rule. 3. 你必须准时到达学校，不能迟到。 You must ______ at school ______ ______. You can't be late. 4. 我们不能在教室里使用手机。 We ______ ______ our ______ ______ in the classroom. 5. 在图书馆里请保持安静，不要大声说话。 Please ______ ______ in the library and don't talk ______. 6. 学生们周一到周五必须穿校服。 Students ______ ______ ______ their school ______ from Monday to Friday. 7. 乱扔垃圾是不礼貌的，我们应该保持校园整洁。 It's ______ to ______ everywhere. We should keep our school ______. 8. 我们必须专注于学习，尊重身边的每一个人。 We must ______ ______ our study and ______ everyone around us. 9. 你不必今天完成作业，明天交也可以。 You ______ ______ ______ finish your homework today. You can hand it in tomorrow. 10. 禁止在教室里吃东西，你可以在食堂吃。 ______ ______ in the classroom. You can eat in the ______ ______. 练习参考答案 （一）词汇变形 1. arrive 2. impolite 3. politely 4. respect 5. unhappy 6. tidy 7. quietly 8. litter （二）句型转换 1. mustn't wear 2. Does; have to 3. you can't 4. mustn't run 5. don't have to （三）. 完形填空 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.A 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.B （四）. 单项选择 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.B 9.C 10.B （五）. 语法填空 1. follow 2. arrive 3. on time 4. hallways 5. have to 6. uniforms 7. mobile phones 8. focus 9. quiet 10. quietly 11. noise 12. litter 13. tidy 14. polite 15. respect （六）. 完成句子 1. follow; school rules 2. in; hallways 3. arrive; on time 4. can't use; mobile phones 5. keep quiet; loudly 6. have to wear; uniforms 7. impolite; litter; tidy 8. focus on; respect 9. don't have to 10. Don't eat; dining hall 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $