Unit 2 Growing pains and gains（单元词汇精讲课件）2025-2026学年八年级英语下册外研版

Words and expressions pm /piː'em/ n. 下午 promise /'prɒmɪs/ v. 许诺 n. 保证 tonight /tə'naɪt/ adv.（在）今晚 interrupt /ˌɪntə'rʌpt/ v. 打断 realise /'rɪəlaɪz/ v. 知道；明白 lamp /læmp/ n. 灯 blouse /blaʊz/ n. 女士宽松短衫，女衬衫 pale /peɪl/ adj. 苍白的 attach /ə'tætʃ/ v. 系；绑；贴 wrist /rɪst/ n. 手腕 policewoman /pə'liːsˌwʊmən/ n. 女警察 elderly /'eldəli/ adj. 年老的，渐老的 Words and expressions plot /plɒt/ n. 情节 point /pɔɪnt/ n. 要点，重点， lazy /'leɪzi/ adj. 懒洋洋度过的 sofa /'səʊfə/ n. 长沙发 term /tɜːm/ n. 学期 conversation /ˌkɒnvə'seɪʃən/ n. 谈话 disagreement /ˌdɪsə'ɡriːmənt/ n. 分歧 peer /pɪə/ n. 同龄人 pressure /'preʃə/ n.压力 disappointed /ˌdɪsə'pɔɪntɪd/ adj. 失望的 fail /feɪl/ v. 失败，未做到 heartbreaking /'hɑːtˌbreɪkɪŋ/ adj. 使人心碎的 Words and expressions skiing /'skiːɪŋ/ n. 滑雪运动 completely /kəm'pliːtli/ adv. 完全地upon /ə'pɒn/ prep. 在……上面 　　　　　　 fall upon 落在（某人）身上 clearly /'klɪəli/ adv. 清楚地，明白地 Game Time Unit 2 completely policewoman conversation point heartbreaking attach promise interrupt elderly Words and expressions Unit 2 promise /'prɒmɪs/ v. 许诺 n. 保证 词性变换 • adj. promising 有希望的 • adv. promisingly 有希望地 短语 • make a promise 许下承诺 • keep a promise 遵守承诺 • break a promise 违背承诺 • promise to do sth 承诺做某事 例句 ▪She made a promise to help me. 她答应要帮我。 ▪You should keep your promise. 你应该遵守你的承诺。 ▪He broke his promise again. 他又一次违背了承诺。 ▪My dad promised to take me to the park. 爸爸答应带我去公园。 tonight /tə'naɪt/ adv.（在）今晚 短语 • tonight's plan 今晚的计划 • stay up tonight 今晚熬夜 例句 ▪What's tonight's plan? 今晚的计划是什么？ ▪I will stay up tonight to finish my homework. 我今晚要熬夜完成作业。 interrupt /ˌɪntə'rʌpt/ v. 打断 词性变换 • n. interruption 打扰 • adj. interruptive 中断的 短语 • interrupt sb 打断某人 • interrupt a conversation 打断谈话 • without interruption 不受打扰地 例句 ▪Don't interrupt me when I'm talking. 我说话的时候不要打断我。 ▪A phone call interrupted our conversation. 一个电话打断了我们的谈话。 ▪We can work without interruption in the library. 我们在图书馆可以不受打扰地工作。 realise /'rɪəlaɪz/ v. 知道；明白 词性变换 • n. realisation 领悟 短语 • realise one's dream 实现梦想 • realise a mistake 意识到错误 • realise the importance of 意识到…的重要性 例句 ▪She finally realised her dream of being a teacher. 她终于实现了当老师的梦想。 ▪I realised my mistake immediately. 我立刻意识到了自己的错误。 ▪We should realise the importance of saving water. 我们应该意识到节约用水的重要性。 lamp /læmp/ n. 灯 短语 • turn on the lamp 开灯 • turn off the lamp 关灯 • a desk lamp 一盏台灯 例句 ▪Please turn on the lamp. It's too dark. 请把灯打开，太黑了。 ▪Don't forget to turn off the lamp before you leave. 离开前别忘了关灯。 blouse /blaʊz/ n. 女士宽松短衫，女衬衫 短语 • a cotton blouse 一件棉质女衬衫 • a pink blouse 一件粉色女衬衫 • wear a blouse 穿女衬衫 例句 ▪She bought a cotton blouse yesterday. 她昨天买了一件棉质女衬衫。 ▪My mother likes to wear a pink blouse in spring. 我妈妈春天喜欢穿一件粉色的女衬衫。 pale /peɪl/ adj. 苍白的 词性变换 • v. pale 变得苍白 • adv. pale 苍白地 短语 • pale face 苍白的脸 • pale with fear 吓得脸色发白 • turn pale 脸色变白 例句 ▪She has a pale face because she is ill. 她生病所以脸色苍白。 attach /ə'tætʃ/ v. 系；绑；贴 词性变换 • n. attachment 附件；依恋 短语 • attach to 附属于 • attach importance to 重视 • attach a file 附上一个文件 例句 ▪This paper attaches to the book. 这张纸附在书上。 wrist /rɪst/ n. 手腕 短语 • wrist watch 一块手表 • hurt one's wrist 伤到手腕 • on the wrist 在手腕上 例句 ▪He wears a beautiful wrist watch. 他戴着一块漂亮的手表。 ▪She hurt her wrist when playing basketball. 她打篮球时伤到了手腕。 policewoman /pə'liːsˌwʊmən/ n. 女警察 词性变换 • 复数：policewomen； • 对应词：policeman 男警察 短语 • a traffic policewoman 一位女交警 • work as a policewoman 当女警察 例句 ▪The traffic policewoman is helping the old man cross the street. 那位女交警正在扶老人过马路。 elderly /'eldəli/ adj. 年老的，渐老的 短语 • elderly people 老年人 • care for the elderly 照顾老人 • an elderly man 一位老爷爷 例句 ▪We should respect elderly people. 我们应该尊重老年人。 ▪It's our duty to care for the elderly. 照顾老人是我们的责任。 plot /plɒt/ n. 情节 短语 • the plot of a story 故事的情节 • plot against sb 密谋算计某人 • plot a plan 策划一个计划 例句 ▪The plot of this novel is very interesting. 这本小说的情节很有趣。 ▪They are plotting against their boss. 他们正在密谋算计他们的老板。 point /pɔɪnt/ n. 要点，重点， 短语 • key point 关键点 • point out 指出 • point at 指着 • to the point 切中要点 词性变换 • adj. pointed 尖的 例句 ▪This is the key point of the lesson. 这是本节课的重点。 ▪The teacher pointed out my mistake. 老师指出了我的错误。 ▪Don't point at others with your finger. 不要用手指指着别人。 ▪His words are short and to the point. 他的话简短又切中要点。 lazy /'leɪzi/ adj. 懒洋洋度过的 词性变换 • adv. lazily 懒洋洋地 ； • 比较级：lazier； • 最高级：laziest 短语 • lazy person 懒人 • be lazy about doing sth 懒得做某事 • a lazy afternoon 一个慵懒的下午 例句 ▪He is a lazy person who never cleans his room. 他是个懒人，从不打扫房间。 ▪She is lazy about doing her homework. 她懒得写作业。 ▪We spent a lazy afternoon in the park. 我们在公园度过了一个慵懒的下午。 sofa /'səʊfə/ n. 长沙发 短语 • on the sofa 在沙发上 • a comfortable sofa 一张舒服的沙发 • lie on the sofa 躺在沙发上 例句 ▪My cat likes to sleep on the sofa. 我的猫喜欢在沙发上睡觉。 ▪We bought a comfortable sofa last week. 我们上周买了一张舒服的沙发。 term /tɜːm/ n. 学期 词性变换 • 复数：terms 短语 • in terms of 就……而言 • summer term 夏季学期 • in the new term 在新学期 • come to terms with 接受 例句 ▪We will have a new subject in the spring term. 我们春季学期会有一门新科目。 ▪He is ready for the new term. 他为新学期做好了准备。 ▪She has come to terms with her failure. 她已经接受了自己的失败。 conversation /ˌkɒnvə'seɪʃən/ n. 谈话 词性变换 • v. converse 交谈 短语 • have a conversation with sb 和某人交谈 • start a conversation 开启谈话 • a pleasant conversation 一次愉快的谈话 例句 ▪I had a long conversation with my friend yesterday. 我昨天和朋友聊了很久。 ▪It's hard to start a conversation with strangers. 和陌生人搭话很难。 ▪We had a pleasant conversation over coffee. 我们边喝咖啡边愉快地聊天。 disagreement /ˌdɪsə'ɡriːmənt/ n. 分歧 词性变换 • v. disagree 不同意； • 反义词：agreement 同意 短语 • in disagreement with sb 不同意某人 • have a disagreement 有分歧 • settle a disagreement 解决分歧 例句 ▪I am in disagreement with his opinion. 我不同意他的观点。 ▪They had a small disagreement about the plan. 他们对这个计划有一点小分歧。 ▪We need to settle this disagreement peacefully. 我们需要和平解决这个分歧。 peer /pɪə/ n. 同龄人 词性变换 • adj. peerless 无与伦比的 短语 • peer pressure 同辈压力 • peer at 盯着看 • among one's peers 在同龄人中 例句 ▪Many students can't stand peer pressure. 很多学生受不了同辈压力。 ▪She peered at the blackboard to see the words clearly. 她盯着黑板，想看清上面的字。 ▪He is very popular among his peers. 他在同龄人中很受欢迎。 pressure /'preʃə/ n.压力 词性变换 • v. press 按压；施压 短语 • under pressure 承受压力 • put pressure on sb 给某人施压 • work pressure 工作压力 • study pressure 学习压力 例句 ▪She is under a lot of pressure before exams. 她考试前压力很大。 ▪Don't put too much pressure on your child. 不要给你的孩子太大压力。 ▪Study pressure makes some students tired. 学习压力让一些学生感到疲惫。 disappointed /ˌdɪsə'pɔɪntɪd/ adj. 失望的 词性变换 • n. disappointment 失望 ； • v. disappoint 使失望 ； • adj. disappointing 令人失望的 短语 • be disappointed at sth 对某事失望 • be disappointed with sb 对某人失望 • be disappointed to do sth 因做某事而失望 例句 ▪She was disappointed at the bad news. 她对这个坏消息感到失望。 ▪My parents are disappointed with my grades. 父母对我的成绩很失望。 ▪I was disappointed to miss the party. 没能参加派对，我很失望。 fail /feɪl/ v. 失败，未做到 词性变换 • n. failure 失败 ； • adj. failed 失败的; 短语 • fail to do sth 没能做某事 • fail in the exam 考试不及格 • never fail to do sth 总是能做某事 例句 ▪He failed to catch the early bus. 他没能赶上早班车。 ▪She failed in the math exam last time. 她上次数学考试没及格。 ▪I never fail to listen to my teacher carefully. 我总是认真听老师讲课。 heartbreaking /'hɑːtˌbreɪkɪŋ/ adj. 使人心碎的 词性变换 • n. heartbreak 心碎 ； • adj. heartbroken 心碎的 短语 • heartbreaking news 令人心碎的消息 • a heartbreaking story 一个令人心碎的故事 • heartbreaking moment 令人心碎的时刻 例句 ▪We heard the heartbreaking news this morning. 我们今天早上听到了这个令人心碎的消息。 ▪She told me a heartbreaking story about her dog. 她给我讲了一个关于她的狗的令人心碎的故事。 skiing /'skiːɪŋ/ n. 滑雪运动 词性变换 • v. ski 滑雪 • n. skier 滑雪者 短语 • go skiing 去滑雪 • skiing trip 滑雪旅行 • skiing equipment 滑雪装备 例句 ▪We plan to go skiing this winter holiday. 我们计划这个寒假去滑雪。 ▪They are preparing for a skiing trip. 他们正在为滑雪旅行做准备。 ▪You need to buy some skiing equipment first. 你需要先买一些滑雪装备。 completely /kəm'pliːtli/ adv. 完全地 词性变换 • v. complete 完成 • adj. complete 完全的 • n. completion 完成 短语 • completely different 完全不同 • completely forget 完全忘记 • completely agree 完全同意 例句 ▪These two books are completely different. 这两本书完全不同。 ▪I completely forgot to call him back. 我完全忘记给他回电话了。 ▪I completely agree with your idea. 我完全同意你的想法。 upon /ə'pɒn/ prep. 在…上面 　 短语 • fall upon 落在……身上 • once upon a time 从前 • depend upon 依靠 例句 ▪The task fell upon him. 这项任务落在了他身上。 ▪Once upon a time, there was a beautiful princess. 从前，有一位美丽的公主。 ▪We can depend upon his help. 我们可以依靠他的帮助。 clearly /'klɪəli/ adv. 清楚地， 明白地 词性变换 • v. clear 清理；使清楚 • adj. clear 清楚的；清晰的 短语 • clearly understand 清楚地理解 • speak clearly 说话清晰 • see clearly 看得清楚 例句 ▪I can clearly understand what the teacher says. 我能清楚地理解老师说的话。 Exercises Unit 2 根据提示完成单词。 1.Don’t break your _________(承诺) to your parents. It will make them sad. 2.It’s popular to climb Mount Tai at night and we’ll try it ________(今晚). 3.He ________________(意识到) he was late for school and ran quickly. 4.Remember to turn off the desk ______(灯) before going to bed. 5.These ________(女衬衫) match well with her favourite skirt. promise tonight realised/realized lamp blouses 6.Two _____________(女警察) are standing at the school gate to keep students safe. 7.The teacher wrote some key ______(要点) on the blackboard for us to take notes. 8.I have ________(认识到) that practicing English every day is the best way to improve it. 9.The students in our class wear white ________(女衬衫) and blue skirts on Mondays. 10.He felt sick and his face turned _____(苍白的) after running too fast. 根据提示完成单词。 policewomen points realised blouses pale 11.When we help our deskmates with difficult problems, we are showing our _________ (好意) in small ways. 12.It can easily bring _________ (温暖) to the people around us every day. 13.Sharing an umbrella with a classmate on a rainy day or picking up litter in the playground is simple _______ (方法) to pass kindness on. 14.Day by day, we’ll find that some ______ (幸运的) moments come to us, like getting help when we’re in trouble. 15.When a student __________ (毕业) from junior high, he or she will get into the habit of helping others, so kindness keeps going. goodwill warmth means lucky graduates 用方框中词的适当形式填空。 interrupt, attach, wrist, elderly, plot 1.She hurt her ______ when she fell off the bike. 2.It’s kind of him to carry the heavy bag for the _______lady. 3.Don’t __________ others when they are speaking. It’s impolite. 4.Remember to _______ a photo to your application form (申请表). 5.The _____ of this story is so interesting that I can’t stop reading. wrist elderly interrupt attach plot 用方框中词的适当形式填空。 lazy, sofa, term, conversation, agreement 1.My mom sat on the _____ reading a book. 2.It’s important to speak politely in a _____________. 3.Their _____________ on the project made it hard to solve problems. 4.A _____ student will be left behind by his classmates sooner or later. 5.All students are busy reviewing at the end of this ______. sofa conversation disagreement lazy term 用方框中词的适当形式填空。 against, fireman, home, college, soldier 1.When there is a fire, ________ rush quickly to protect people. 2.And ________ always stand by to help people in danger. 3.We should work together ________ challenges and help each other when in trouble. 4.Every year, many warm-hearted _______ students take part in activities to help those in need. 5.They often prepare warm meals and useful things for _________ people living on the street. firemen soldiers against college homeless 用合适的介词填空或用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.She told us the good news ___ a loud voice so everyone could hear. 2.They looked ________(worry) because their dog was missing. 3.The cat ran ________(quick) across the street when it saw a mouse. 4.Look ___ the blackboard and listen to me carefully. 5.We walked _________ the forest and found a small river. in worried quickly at through 6.She looked ________(worry) because she couldn’t find her pet cat. 7.They promised ________ (help) us clean the classroom tomorrow. 8.The sick girl _________ (send) to the hospital by her parents immediately. 9.I can’t solve the math problem ________ your help. Thank you. 10.Always ________ (breath) through your nose when running. 11.She often thinks ___ her grandparents who live in the countryside. 用合适的介词填空或用所给词的适当形式填空。 worried to help was sent without breathe of 7.The famous structure of DNA _______________ (discover) in 1953. 8.Emma got excited when her writing __________ (read) as an example in class. 9.China’s Beijing Library ___________(name)“Public Library of the Year” in 2024. 10.Since the English corner ________(set) up last month, we have organized six activities. 11.Winter sports are becoming more and more popular, and they ____________ (enjoy) by many people today. 12.—Did you go to Cindy’s party on the evening of last Saturday? —No, I ______________ (not invite) at all. was discovered was read was named was set are enjoyed wasn’t invited 语篇填空（一） Please listen to me! It’s 10:27 pm. Mum is sitting in the living room, worried. Her son runs through the door, out 1. ___ breath.The son feels sorry because he promised 2. __________(return) home before 9 tonight. His mum is so angry that she asks her son not to stay out late next time. of to return 3. _________, after the boy tells Mum his experience tonight, Mum changes her idea. The boy says, “On 4. ____(I) way back, I realised that my phone was at Jia Cheng’s house. I had to go back to get it. On the way, I noticed 5. ____ old woman. She was 6. _____ (lose) and she looked pale and cold. But she couldn’t remember where she lived. Then I checked and 7. _______(see) that a yellow band was attached to her wrist. However my an lost saw 语篇填空（一） It had information. Without my phone, I decided to take her to the 8. ________(near) police station. And I waited until she 9. ___________ (take) home by a policewoman. After that I ran to pick up my phone and came home. ” “I’m sorry for 10. ______(be) cross with you,” Mum says after hearing his story. And now she feels very proud of her son.#1.4 nearest was taken being 语篇填空（一） 语篇填空（二） Parents are the most important people in your life. Here are some 1. _______(use)ways to help you stay close to them. Spend time together. Instead of watching TV alone, it’s better if you ask your parents 2. __________(watch) TV with you. If your parents live far away, 3. ___ conversation with them can be held through video calls. This way, you can share your daily life 4. _____ keep the connection strong. useful to watch a and Share your feelings and ask for help. It’s common to feel nervous or 5. ________(worry), and you’ll need your parents’ support. But they won’t know about your problems unless(除非) you tell them. You can also promise 6. _________(share) both your joys and sadnesses with them. Be kind. When they ask you to do housework, 7. _____ folding clothes or cleaning your room, it’s a great chance to show your love. If dishes 8. ____________(wash) by you, they will surely cheer up. And avoiding arguments with your brothers or sisters will make them happy too. worried to share like are washed Show your care. Don’t keep yourself away from your parents. Your love 9. ______________(express) freely before.Remember when you were young, you hugged, kissed, or said “I love you” to them. Why not do it again? By showing your love, you and your parents can understand each other much 10. _______(well). Do your best at whatever you do. You don’t have to be perfect, but just try your best！ 语篇填空（二） was expressed better See You! $