Unit 8 A good world（单元自测·南京专用·2025中考新题型）英语新教材译林版八年级下册

2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit8·南京专用·2025年中考新题型（参考答案） 一、单项选择。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. B 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 二、完形填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 16. A 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 三、阅读理解。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. B 36. A 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. B 四、基础知识。（共15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） A) 根据句意及中文提示填写单词。 41. recycle 42. strict 43. renewable 44. pour 45. pollution 46. total 47. punished 48. impact B) 用所给词的正确形式填空。 49. will be planted 50. to protect 51. doesn’t run 52. be reused 53. has become 54. to save 55. are banned 五、阅读短文，回答问题。（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。注意：每题答案不得超过 10 个词。 56. It harms the environment. 57. It combines traditional and modern farming. 58. Animal waste. 59. Because the food is safe. 60. Training and support. 六、首字母填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 61. brief 62. harms 63. easy 64. advised 65. difference 66. future 67. protect 68. impact 69. counts 70. greener 七、书面表达。（满分 15 分） Dear classmates, Our school is holding the "Environmental Protection Starts with Me" activity. Protecting the earth is our common duty. First, save resources. Turn off lights and taps immediately when not in use to save electricity and water. Second, reduce pollution, refuse single-use products like plastic bags and choose green travel such as walking or cycling. Third, reuse waste by sorting rubbish properly and donating or recycling old items. Small actions make a big difference. Let’s take action now and work together to build a greener world! Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit8·南京专用·2025年中考新题型 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：90分） 一、单项选择。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. Many eco-friendly activities ________ in our city next month to celebrate World Environment Day. A. will organize B. are organized C. will be organized D. organize 2. We should ________ single-use plastic bags and choose reusable ones to reduce pollution. A. refuse B. receive C. return D. reuse 3. World Environment Day falls ________ June 5th every year. It’s a day to call for environmental protection. A. in B. on C. at D. for 4. The government has made strict laws ________ people from cutting down too many trees. A. stop B. stopping C. to stop D. stopped 5. China is working hard to achieve the “double carbon” goal (双碳目标). We can all ________ by saving energy in daily life. A. make a difference B. make a mistake C. make a decision D. make a plan 6. —How can we deal with old clothes properly? —They ________ to charity shops or recycled into new products. A. can send B. can be sent C. sent D. are sending 7. This new type of energy is ________ than coal because it produces no pollution. A. cleaner B. cleanest C. dirtier D. dirtiest 8. —Will the plastic waste ________ in the ocean forever? —No. Scientists are developing new ways to break it down. A. keep B. be kept C. have kept D. kept 9. According to the new rule in Nanjing, people ________ if they drop litter in public places. A. fine B. will fine C. are fined D. will be fined 10. Solar panels (太阳能板) are now widely used in rural areas. They ________ sunlight into electricity for people to use. A. change B. turn C. take D. get Bamboo has been used in China for thousands of years. Now it’s getting popular again as an eco-friendly material. Unlike plastic, bamboo is 11 ________ and can be recycled easily. Many factories make bamboo into tableware (餐具), bags and even furniture. Using bamboo products helps 12 ________ plastic pollution. For example, bamboo straws (吸管) are a good replacement for plastic ones. They are safe to use and don’t harm the environment. What’s more, bamboo grows very fast. It only takes a few years for a bamboo shoot to become a mature plant, 13 ________ trees need decades. Many young people in Nanjing now choose bamboo products. They say bamboo combines traditional culture 14 ________ modern environmental needs. “Using bamboo things makes me feel close to nature,” said a middle school student. “I hope more people will 15 ________ to use eco-friendly materials.” 11. A. natural B. artificial C. expensive D. cheap 12. A. increase B. reduce C. create D. find 13. A. so B. because C. while D. though 14. A. with B. to C. for D. on 15. A. forget B. refuse C. promise D. choose 二、完形填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Rainwater harvesting (收集) is a smart way to save water. In many cities around the world, this technology is being used to deal with water shortage. Now it’s also popular in some communities in Nanjing. The rainwater harvesting system is not complicated. When it rains, the rainwater falls on the roof and flows into a special 16 ________. Then it goes through a filter (过滤器) to remove dirt and impurities (杂质). After that, the clean water is stored in a big tank. People can use it to water plants, clean cars or even wash clothes after simple treatment. This system has many advantages. First, it helps 17 ________ water resources. Instead of using tap water for non-drinking purposes, people can use collected rainwater. Second, it reduces the risk of flooding in rainy seasons. The system collects extra rainwater, so less water runs into the streets. Third, it’s good for the environment. Using rainwater means less groundwater is taken out, which 18 ________ the balance of nature. Mr. Li, who lives in a community with this system, said, “We used to worry about water shortage in summer. Now with the rainwater tank, we have enough water for daily use. And the water bill has 19 ________ a lot.” However, setting up the system needs some money at first. But most people think it’s worth it. “It’s a long-term investment (投资) for our planet,” said a community worker. “We hope more communities will 20 ________ this technology in the future.” For most families, using the collected rainwater is 21 ________. They just need to turn on a special tap to get the water. The water is clean enough for daily non-drinking use, and it doesn’t cost extra money. Some residents even use it to clean the 22 ________ around their houses, making the community more beautiful. This system is not only 23 ________ for saving water but also for building a sense of community. Neighbors often share tips on how to use the rainwater better. The 24 ________ in the community are very satisfied with this system and often recommend it to friends in other areas. By using rainwater harvesting technology, we can not only 25 ________ water resources but also protect our environment. It’s a simple but effective way to go green. 16. A. pipe B. bowl C. basket D. box 17. A. waste B. save C. sell D. buy 18. A. keeps B. breaks C. destroys D. changes 19. A. risen B. fallen C. increased D. doubled 20. A. give up B. look for C. put off D. take up 21. A. easy B. difficult C. interesting D. boring 22. A. sky B. ground C. river D. lake 23. A. bad B. harmful C. helpful D. careful 24. A. teachers B. doctors C. farmers D. residents 25. A. protect B. pollute C. create D. waste 三、阅读理解。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） （A） A group of college students in Nanjing invented a solar-powered (太阳能驱动的) charging bag for rural students. The bag can solve the problem of power shortage in some mountain areas. The bag looks like an ordinary schoolbag, but it has a special solar panel on the back. When exposed to sunlight for 4 hours, it can store enough electricity to charge a mobile phone twice or a tablet once. The bag is also waterproof (防水的) and durable (耐用的), so it’s suitable for outdoor use. Why did the students invent this bag? They visited a rural school last summer and found that many students couldn’t study at night because there was no electricity. Some students even had to walk a long way to charge their devices. “We wanted to help them study better,” said the leader of the invention team. The invention has won a prize in a national innovation competition. Now the students are working with a company to produce more bags. They plan to donate 500 bags to rural students in Guizhou and Yunnan provinces next year. “We hope our invention can bring light to their study and life,” said one of the inventors. 26. What is special about the solar-powered charging bag? A. It can be used as a tablet. B. It has a solar panel on the back. C. It is smaller than an ordinary schoolbag. D. It can charge a mobile phone in 4 hours. 27. The solar-powered bag can solve the problem of ________ in rural areas. A. food shortage B. water pollution C. power shortage D. traffic jam 28. The students invented the bag because they ________. A. wanted to win a competition B. wanted to make money C. needed it for their own use D. wanted to help rural students study better 29. How many bags do the students plan to donate next year? A. 1000 B. 300 C. 500 D. 100 30. What can we infer from the passage? A. The bag is not suitable for outdoor use. B. The students will produce the bags by themselves. C. The invention is helpful to rural students. D. The solar panel can store electricity without sunlight. （B） Last weekend, 30 students from No. 2 Middle School in Nanjing took part in a community volunteer activity—“Sort Rubbish, Beautify Our Home”. The activity was organized to encourage people to practice waste classification (垃圾分类). In the morning, the students gathered at the community square and received training on how to sort different types of rubbish. They learned that paper, plastic and glass can be recycled, while kitchen waste should be put into special bins. After the training, they went door to door to give out leaflets (传单) and explain waste classification to the residents. Some residents were not familiar with the new classification rules. The students patiently explained, “Sorting rubbish can help reduce pollution and save resources. For example, recycled paper can be made into new paper, which saves trees.” Many residents praised the students for their hard work. “The children are very helpful. Now I know how to sort my rubbish correctly,” said an elderly resident. In the afternoon, the students helped clean the community and sorted the rubbish on the streets. Although they felt tired, they were happy. “It’s meaningful to help others and protect the environment,” said a student. “I will continue to take part in such activities.” 31. What was the purpose of the volunteer activity? A. To clean the community. B. To encourage waste classification. C. To collect old clothes. D. To help elderly residents. 32. Before going door to door, the students ________. A. cleaned the streets B. sorted the rubbish C. received training D. made leaflets 33. Which of the following can be recycled? A. Paper B. Kitchen waste C. Broken bowls D. Used tissues 34. How did the elderly resident feel about the students? A. Angry B. Bored C. Grateful D. Surprised 35. What did the students think of the activity? A. Tiring and useless B. Tiring but meaningful C. Easy and interesting D. Difficult but boring （C） Nowadays, more and more people pay attention to food safety and environmental protection. Eco-friendly food packaging (包装) has become a new trend. It combines traditional materials with modern technology to meet people’s needs. One example is rice paper packaging. Rice paper is a traditional Chinese material made from rice. It is biodegradable (可生物降解的), which means it can break down naturally in the environment. Now, some companies use rice paper to package snacks, fruits and even fast food. Unlike plastic packaging, rice paper doesn’t pollute the environment. What’s more, it is safe and harmless to humans. Another example is bamboo fiber packaging. Bamboo fiber is made from bamboo. It is soft, strong and waterproof. Many milk tea shops now use bamboo fiber cups instead of plastic cups. These cups can be recycled or degraded easily. Some companies also make bamboo fiber boxes for takeaway food. They are not only eco-friendly but also keep the food warm. Eco-friendly food packaging is good for both people and the planet. It reduces plastic pollution and protects our health. However, it is a bit more expensive than plastic packaging. But as more people choose eco-friendly products, the price may go down in the future. We should support eco-friendly packaging to create a greener world. 36. What is the new trend in food packaging? A. Eco-friendly packaging B. Metal packaging C. Plastic packaging D. Glass packaging 37. Rice paper packaging is ________. A. non-biodegradable B. harmful to humans C. expensive D. made from rice 38. Bamboo fiber cups are used in many ________ now. A. bookstores B. milk tea shops C. hospitals D. schools 39. What is the disadvantage of eco-friendly food packaging? A. It is not waterproof. B. It is not strong. C. It is a bit more expensive. D. It can’t keep food warm. 40. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Traditional food packaging is better than modern packaging. B. Eco-friendly food packaging is a new trend. C. Plastic packaging should be banned. D. Bamboo fiber is the best material for packaging. 四、基础知识。（共15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） A) 根据句意及中文提示填写单词。 41. We should ________ (回收利用) paper and plastic to save resources. 42. The government has made ________ (严格的) laws to protect the environment. 43. Solar energy is a kind of clean and ________ (可再生的) energy. 44. Don’t ________ (倾倒) waste water into the river. It will pollute the water. 45. We should use eco-friendly products to reduce ________ (污染). 46. The ________ (总数的) number of students in our school is 1200. 47. If you break the environmental rules, you will be ________ (惩罚). 48. Every small act can ________ (产生影响) environmental protection. B) 用所给词的正确形式填空。 49. Many trees ________ (plant) in our city next spring to make it greener. 50. We should try our best ________ (protect) the environment. 51. This kind of new energy ________ (not run) out, so it’s very popular. 52. Old clothes can ________ (reuse) or donated to people in need. 53. The air in our city ________ (become) cleaner since we started to use clean energy. 54. It’s important for us ________ (save) water in daily life. 55. Plastic bags ________ (ban) in many supermarkets to reduce pollution. 五、阅读短文，回答问题。（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。注意：每题答案不得超过 10 个词。 Traditional farming often uses a lot of chemical fertilizers (化肥) and pesticides (农药), which are harmful to the environment. Now, a new type of farming called “ecological farming” (生态农业) is becoming popular in some areas of Jiangsu Province. Ecological farming combines traditional farming methods with modern technology. Farmers use natural materials instead of chemicals. For example, they use animal waste as fertilizer and plant special plants to keep pests away. They also grow different crops together to improve the soil quality. This type of farming has many benefits. First, it protects the environment. No chemicals are used, so the soil and water are not polluted. Second, the food produced is healthier and safer for people to eat. Third, it saves energy and resources. Farmers don’t need to buy expensive chemicals, which reduces their costs. Mr. Wang, a farmer who practices ecological farming, said, “My vegetables are very popular in the market. Customers are willing to pay a higher price because they know the food is safe. And I don’t have to worry about polluting the environment anymore.” Now, more and more farmers are learning about ecological farming. The local government also provides training and support to help them. Ecological farming is a win-win for both farmers and the environment. 56. What is the problem of traditional farming? 57. What is ecological farming? 58. What do farmers use as fertilizer in ecological farming? 59. Why are Mr. Wang’s vegetables popular in the market? 60. What support does the local government provide to farmers? 六、首字母填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Volunteering is a great way to help others and protect the environment. Last month, our school organized a volunteer activity to clean up the wetland park in Nanjing. Before the activity, our teacher gave us a b 61 ________ introduction about the wetland park. He told us that wetlands are important for birds and other wildlife. However, some people leave rubbish there, which h 62 ________ the environment. On the day of the activity, we arrived at the park early in the morning. We were divided into several groups. Some students collected plastic bottles and bags, some picked up paper and fruit peels, and others cleaned the paths. It was not an e 63 ________ job. We worked hard for three hours. Although we felt tired, we were happy to see the park become cleaner. During the activity, we also told visitors about the importance of protecting wetlands. We a 64 ________ them not to drop litter. Many visitors praised us and said they would join in environmental protection activities in the future. After the activity, our teacher said, “Volunteering is not only about helping others but also about learning. You have learned how to work with others and how to make a d 65 ________ to the environment.” This activity made me realize that everyone can do something to protect our planet. I decide to take part in more volunteer activities in the f 66 ________. I believe that if we all work together, our world will become more beautiful. Wetlands are our natural treasures. We should p 67 ________ them. Let’s take action now and do our best to keep wetlands clean and healthy. Remember, small efforts can make a big i 68 ________. Whether it’s picking up rubbish or telling others about environmental protection, every little thing c 69 ________. Let’s be volunteers and work together to build a g 70 ________ world for ourselves and future generations. 七、书面表达。（满分 15 分） 假设你是李华，你们学校正在开展 “环保从我做起” 的主题活动。请你根据以下提示，写一篇英语倡议书，呼吁同学们积极参与环保行动。 提示： 节约资源（节约用水、用电，随手关灯、关水龙头）； 减少污染（拒绝一次性用品，绿色出行）； 废物利用（垃圾分类，旧物捐赠或回收）； 呼吁大家一起行动，保护地球。 要求： 词数 80-100； 条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确； 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit8·南京专用·2025年中考新题型 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：90分） 一、单项选择。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. Many eco-friendly activities ________ in our city next month to celebrate World Environment Day. A. will organize B. are organized C. will be organized D. organize 【答案】C 【解析】句意：下个月我市将举办许多环保活动来庆祝世界环境日。考查一般将来时的被动语态，activities 与 organize 是被动关系，且时间状语 next month 表将来，被动语态结构为 will be + 过去分词，故填 will be organized。 2. We should ________ single-use plastic bags and choose reusable ones to reduce pollution. A. refuse B. receive C. return D. reuse 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们应该拒绝一次性塑料袋，选择可重复使用的来减少污染。考查动词词义辨析，refuse 拒绝，receive 接收，return 归还，reuse 重复使用；结合语境 “减少污染” 需摒弃一次性塑料袋，故填 refuse。 3. World Environment Day falls ________ June 5th every year. It’s a day to call for environmental protection. A. in B. on C. at D. for 【答案】B 【解析】句意：世界环境日在每年的 6 月 5 日，这是呼吁环境保护的日子。考查时间介词用法，具体日期前用介词 on，in 接年 / 月 / 季节，at 接具体时刻，for 接一段时间，故填 on。 4. The government has made strict laws ________ people from cutting down too many trees. A. stop B. stopping C. to stop D. stopped 【答案】C 【解析】句意：政府制定了严格的法律来阻止人们砍伐过多树木。考查非谓语动词，此处用动词不定式 to stop 作目的状语，表制定法律的目的，故填 to stop。 5. China is working hard to achieve the “double carbon” goal (双碳目标). We can all ________ by saving energy in daily life. A. make a difference B. make a mistake C. make a decision D. make a plan 【答案】A 【解析】句意：中国正努力实现 “双碳目标”，我们都可以通过在日常生活中节约能源来发挥作用。考查固定短语辨析，make a difference 起作用、有影响，make a mistake 犯错误，make a decision 做决定，make a plan 制定计划；结合语境节约能源能为双碳目标出力，故填 make a difference。 6. —How can we deal with old clothes properly? —They ________ to charity shops or recycled into new products. A. can send B. can be sent C. sent D. are sending 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 我们该如何妥善处理旧衣服？—— 它们可以被送到慈善商店或回收制成新产品。考查情态动词的被动语态，They 指代 old clothes，与 send 是被动关系，情态动词后被动语态结构为 can be + 过去分词，故填 can be sent。 7. This new type of energy is ________ than coal because it produces no pollution. A. cleaner B. cleanest C. dirtier D. dirtiest 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这种新型能源比煤炭更清洁，因为它不产生污染。考查形容词比较级，than 是比较级标志词，结合 “无污染” 可知是 “更清洁的”，clean 的比较级为 cleaner，故填 cleaner。 8. —Will the plastic waste ________ in the ocean forever? —No. Scientists are developing new ways to break it down. A. keep B. be kept C. have kept D. kept 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 塑料垃圾会永远留在海洋里吗？—— 不会，科学家们正在研发分解它的新方法。考查一般将来时的被动语态，plastic waste 与 keep 是被动关系，Will 后被动语态结构为 be + 过去分词，故填 be kept。 9. According to the new rule in Nanjing, people ________ if they drop litter in public places. A. fine B. will fine C. are fined D. will be fined 【答案】D 【解析】句意：根据南京的新规定，人们如果在公共场所乱扔垃圾将会被罚款。考查一般将来时的被动语态，people 与 fine 是被动关系，此处是条件状语从句，主句表将来的结果，被动语态结构为 will be + 过去分词，故填 will be fined。 10. Solar panels (太阳能板) are now widely used in rural areas. They ________ sunlight into electricity for people to use. A. change B. turn C. take D. get 【答案】B 【解析】句意：太阳能板如今在农村地区被广泛使用，它们将太阳能转化为电能供人们使用。考查固定搭配，turn...into... 为固定短语，意为 “把…… 变成……”，是固定转化类表达，故填 turn。 Bamboo has been used in China for thousands of years. Now it’s getting popular again as an eco-friendly material. Unlike plastic, bamboo is 11 ________ and can be recycled easily. Many factories make bamboo into tableware (餐具), bags and even furniture. Using bamboo products helps 12 ________ plastic pollution. For example, bamboo straws (吸管) are a good replacement for plastic ones. They are safe to use and don’t harm the environment. What’s more, bamboo grows very fast. It only takes a few years for a bamboo shoot to become a mature plant, 13 ________ trees need decades. Many young people in Nanjing now choose bamboo products. They say bamboo combines traditional culture 14 ________ modern environmental needs. “Using bamboo things makes me feel close to nature,” said a middle school student. “I hope more people will 15 ________ to use eco-friendly materials.” 11. A. natural B. artificial C. expensive D. cheap 12. A. increase B. reduce C. create D. find 13. A. so B. because C. while D. though 14. A. with B. to C. for D. on 15. A. forget B. refuse C. promise D. choose 【答案】11. A 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主旨为介绍竹子作为环保材料在中国的应用现状，阐述其天然可回收、生长速度快等优势，说明竹制品能有效减少塑料污染，同时提及南京年轻人对竹制品的青睐，体现竹子融合传统文化与现代环保需求的特点。 11. 句意：与塑料不同，竹子是天然的且能轻易被回收利用。原因：塑料是人工合成材料，竹子为自然生长的材质，natural（天然的）符合语境对比，其余 artificial（人造的）、expensive（昂贵的）、cheap（便宜的）均与上下文环保属性的对比无关。 12. 句意：使用竹制品有助于减少塑料污染。原因：竹制品可替代塑料制品，因此能降低塑料污染，reduce（减少）符合语义，increase（增加）、create（创造）、find（发现）均与文意相悖。 13. 句意：竹笋只需几年就能长成成竹，而树木需要数十年。原因：此处对比竹子和树木的生长周期，while（然而）表转折对比，so（因此）表因果、because（因为）表原因、though（虽然）表让步，均不符合语境。 14. 句意：他们说竹子将传统文化与现代环保需求结合起来。原因：combine...with... 为固定搭配，意为 “把…… 和…… 结合起来”，其余介词均无法与 combine 搭配。 15. 句意：我希望更多人会选择使用环保材料。原因：前文提及人们选择竹制品，此处是希望更多人做出使用环保材料的选择，choose（选择）符合语义，forget（忘记）、refuse（拒绝）、promise（承诺）均与文意不符。 二、完形填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Rainwater harvesting (收集) is a smart way to save water. In many cities around the world, this technology is being used to deal with water shortage. Now it’s also popular in some communities in Nanjing. The rainwater harvesting system is not complicated. When it rains, the rainwater falls on the roof and flows into a special 16 ________. Then it goes through a filter (过滤器) to remove dirt and impurities (杂质). After that, the clean water is stored in a big tank. People can use it to water plants, clean cars or even wash clothes after simple treatment. This system has many advantages. First, it helps 17 ________ water resources. Instead of using tap water for non-drinking purposes, people can use collected rainwater. Second, it reduces the risk of flooding in rainy seasons. The system collects extra rainwater, so less water runs into the streets. Third, it’s good for the environment. Using rainwater means less groundwater is taken out, which 18 ________ the balance of nature. Mr. Li, who lives in a community with this system, said, “We used to worry about water shortage in summer. Now with the rainwater tank, we have enough water for daily use. And the water bill has 19 ________ a lot.” However, setting up the system needs some money at first. But most people think it’s worth it. “It’s a long-term investment (投资) for our planet,” said a community worker. “We hope more communities will 20 ________ this technology in the future.” For most families, using the collected rainwater is 21 ________. They just need to turn on a special tap to get the water. The water is clean enough for daily non-drinking use, and it doesn’t cost extra money. Some residents even use it to clean the 22 ________ around their houses, making the community more beautiful. This system is not only 23 ________ for saving water but also for building a sense of community. Neighbors often share tips on how to use the rainwater better. The 24 ________ in the community are very satisfied with this system and often recommend it to friends in other areas. By using rainwater harvesting technology, we can not only 25 ________ water resources but also protect our environment. It’s a simple but effective way to go green. 16. A. pipe B. bowl C. basket D. box 17. A. waste B. save C. sell D. buy 18. A. keeps B. breaks C. destroys D. changes 19. A. risen B. fallen C. increased D. doubled 20. A. give up B. look for C. put off D. take up 21. A. easy B. difficult C. interesting D. boring 22. A. sky B. ground C. river D. lake 23. A. bad B. harmful C. helpful D. careful 24. A. teachers B. doctors C. farmers D. residents 25. A. protect B. pollute C. create D. waste 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主旨为介绍雨水收集技术在南京部分社区的应用，讲解该技术简单的工作流程，阐述其节约水资源、减少洪涝风险、保护自然环境等多重优势，结合社区居民的使用体验和评价，说明该技术不仅实用便捷，还能凝聚社区意识，是一种简单有效的绿色节水方式。 16. 句意：下雨时，雨水落在屋顶并流进一根特殊的管道。原因：pipe（管道）符合雨水导流的实际场景，bowl（碗）、basket（篮子）、box（盒子）均无法实现雨水的传输功能。 17. 句意：首先，它有助于节约水资源。原因：用雨水替代自来水做非饮用用途，是对水资源的节约，save（节约）符合语义，waste（浪费）、sell（售卖）、buy（购买）均与文意相悖。 18. 句意：使用雨水意味着开采的地下水更少，这能保持自然的平衡。原因：减少地下水开采是保护自然平衡的行为，keep（保持）符合语境，break（打破）、destroy（破坏）、change（改变）均为消极语义，与文意不符。 19. 句意：而且水费也下降了很多。原因：日常非饮用用途使用免费的雨水，会减少自来水的使用，水费因此降低，fall（下降）符合语义，rise（上升）、increase（增加）、double（翻倍）均与实际情况相反。 20. 句意：我们希望未来更多社区能采用这项技术。原因：take up（采用，使用）符合对雨水收集技术的推广期望，give up（放弃）、look for（寻找）、put off（推迟）均不符合语境。 21. 句意：对大多数家庭来说，使用收集的雨水很简单。原因：后文提及只需打开专用水龙头就能取水，说明使用方式便捷，easy（简单的）符合语义，difficult（困难的）、interesting（有趣的）、boring（无聊的）均与后文描述不符。 22. 句意：一些居民甚至用它来打扫房子周围的地面，让社区变得更美丽。原因：ground（地面）是日常可通过雨水清洁的区域，sky（天空）、river（河流）、lake（湖泊）均非居民可自主清洁的周边环境。 23. 句意：这个系统不仅有助于节水，还能培养社区意识。原因：helpful（有帮助的）符合对雨水收集系统的正面评价，bad（坏的）、harmful（有害的）为消极词汇，careful（小心的）修饰人，无法修饰系统。 24. 句意：社区里的居民对这个系统非常满意，还经常向其他地区的朋友推荐。原因：前文围绕社区的雨水收集系统展开，描述的是社区住户的使用感受，resident（居民）符合主体身份，teacher（教师）、doctor（医生）、farmer（农民）均与社区场景的主体不符。 25. 句意：通过使用雨水收集技术，我们不仅能保护水资源，还能保护环境。原因：节约、合理利用水资源是对水资源的保护，protect（保护）符合文意，pollute（污染）、create（创造）、waste（浪费）均与绿色环保的主题相悖。 三、阅读理解。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） （A） A group of college students in Nanjing invented a solar-powered (太阳能驱动的) charging bag for rural students. The bag can solve the problem of power shortage in some mountain areas. The bag looks like an ordinary schoolbag, but it has a special solar panel on the back. When exposed to sunlight for 4 hours, it can store enough electricity to charge a mobile phone twice or a tablet once. The bag is also waterproof (防水的) and durable (耐用的), so it’s suitable for outdoor use. Why did the students invent this bag? They visited a rural school last summer and found that many students couldn’t study at night because there was no electricity. Some students even had to walk a long way to charge their devices. “We wanted to help them study better,” said the leader of the invention team. The invention has won a prize in a national innovation competition. Now the students are working with a company to produce more bags. They plan to donate 500 bags to rural students in Guizhou and Yunnan provinces next year. “We hope our invention can bring light to their study and life,” said one of the inventors. 26. What is special about the solar-powered charging bag? A. It can be used as a tablet. B. It has a solar panel on the back. C. It is smaller than an ordinary schoolbag. D. It can charge a mobile phone in 4 hours. 27. The solar-powered bag can solve the problem of ________ in rural areas. A. food shortage B. water pollution C. power shortage D. traffic jam 28. The students invented the bag because they ________. A. wanted to win a competition B. wanted to make money C. needed it for their own use D. wanted to help rural students study better 29. How many bags do the students plan to donate next year? A. 1000 B. 300 C. 500 D. 100 30. What can we infer from the passage? A. The bag is not suitable for outdoor use. B. The students will produce the bags by themselves. C. The invention is helpful to rural students. D. The solar panel can store electricity without sunlight. 【答案】26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了南京一群大学生发明太阳能驱动充电包的相关情况，包括该充电包的特点、发明初衷、所获荣誉以及后续的捐赠计划，展现了大学生的创新精神和对农村学生的帮助。 26. 细节理解题。根据文中“The bag looks like an ordinary schoolbag, but it has a special solar panel on the back.”可知，这款太阳能充电包的特别之处在于背部有一块太阳能板，故选B。 27. 细节理解题。根据文中“The bag can solve the problem of power shortage in some mountain areas.”可知，该包能解决农村地区的电力短缺问题，故选C。 28. 细节理解题。根据文中“We wanted to help them study better,” said the leader of the invention team.可知，学生们发明这款包是为了帮助农村学生更好地学习，故选D。 29. 细节理解题。根据文中“They plan to donate 500 bags to rural students in Guizhou and Yunnan provinces next year.”可知，学生们计划明年捐赠500个包，故选C。 30. 推理判断题。根据文中“The bag can solve the problem of power shortage in some mountain areas.”和“We hope our invention can bring light to their study and life”可推断，这项发明对农村学生是有帮助的，故选C。 （B） Last weekend, 30 students from No. 2 Middle School in Nanjing took part in a community volunteer activity—“Sort Rubbish, Beautify Our Home”. The activity was organized to encourage people to practice waste classification (垃圾分类). In the morning, the students gathered at the community square and received training on how to sort different types of rubbish. They learned that paper, plastic and glass can be recycled, while kitchen waste should be put into special bins. After the training, they went door to door to give out leaflets (传单) and explain waste classification to the residents. Some residents were not familiar with the new classification rules. The students patiently explained, “Sorting rubbish can help reduce pollution and save resources. For example, recycled paper can be made into new paper, which saves trees.” Many residents praised the students for their hard work. “The children are very helpful. Now I know how to sort my rubbish correctly,” said an elderly resident. In the afternoon, the students helped clean the community and sorted the rubbish on the streets. Although they felt tired, they were happy. “It’s meaningful to help others and protect the environment,” said a student. “I will continue to take part in such activities.” 31. What was the purpose of the volunteer activity? A. To clean the community. B. To encourage waste classification. C. To collect old clothes. D. To help elderly residents. 32. Before going door to door, the students ________. A. cleaned the streets B. sorted the rubbish C. received training D. made leaflets 33. Which of the following can be recycled? A. Paper B. Kitchen waste C. Broken bowls D. Used tissues 34. How did the elderly resident feel about the students? A. Angry B. Bored C. Grateful D. Surprised 35. What did the students think of the activity? A. Tiring and useless B. Tiring but meaningful C. Easy and interesting D. Difficult but boring 【答案】31. B 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了南京第二中学30名学生参与“垃圾分类，美化家园”社区志愿活动的全过程，包括活动目的、学生的具体行动及活动意义，体现了学生的责任与担当。 31. 细节理解题。根据文中“The activity was organized to encourage people to practice waste classification.”可知，志愿活动的目的是鼓励人们进行垃圾分类，故选B。 32. 细节理解题。根据文中“In the morning, the students gathered at the community square and received training... After the training, they went door to door...”可知，学生们上门前接受了培训，故选C。 33. 细节理解题。根据文中“They learned that paper, plastic and glass can be recycled”可知，纸张可以回收利用，故选A。 34. 细节理解题。根据文中“Many residents praised the students for their hard work. ‘The children are very helpful...’ said an elderly resident.”可知，老人对学生们心怀感激，故选C。 35. 细节理解题。根据文中“Although they felt tired, they were happy. ‘It’s meaningful to help others and protect the environment,’ said a student.”可知，学生们认为活动虽累但有意义，故选B。 （C） Nowadays, more and more people pay attention to food safety and environmental protection. Eco-friendly food packaging (包装) has become a new trend. It combines traditional materials with modern technology to meet people’s needs. One example is rice paper packaging. Rice paper is a traditional Chinese material made from rice. It is biodegradable (可生物降解的), which means it can break down naturally in the environment. Now, some companies use rice paper to package snacks, fruits and even fast food. Unlike plastic packaging, rice paper doesn’t pollute the environment. What’s more, it is safe and harmless to humans. Another example is bamboo fiber packaging. Bamboo fiber is made from bamboo. It is soft, strong and waterproof. Many milk tea shops now use bamboo fiber cups instead of plastic cups. These cups can be recycled or degraded easily. Some companies also make bamboo fiber boxes for takeaway food. They are not only eco-friendly but also keep the food warm. Eco-friendly food packaging is good for both people and the planet. It reduces plastic pollution and protects our health. However, it is a bit more expensive than plastic packaging. But as more people choose eco-friendly products, the price may go down in the future. We should support eco-friendly packaging to create a greener world. 36. What is the new trend in food packaging? A. Eco-friendly packaging B. Metal packaging C. Plastic packaging D. Glass packaging 37. Rice paper packaging is ________. A. non-biodegradable B. harmful to humans C. expensive D. made from rice 38. Bamboo fiber cups are used in many ________ now. A. bookstores B. milk tea shops C. hospitals D. schools 39. What is the disadvantage of eco-friendly food packaging? A. It is not waterproof. B. It is not strong. C. It is a bit more expensive. D. It can’t keep food warm. 40. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Traditional food packaging is better than modern packaging. B. Eco-friendly food packaging is a new trend. C. Plastic packaging should be banned. D. Bamboo fiber is the best material for packaging. 【答案】36. A 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了随着人们对食品安全和环境保护的重视，环保食品包装已成为新趋势，并具体介绍了米纸包装和竹纤维包装的特点、应用，以及环保食品包装的优缺点。 36. 细节理解题。根据文中“Eco-friendly food packaging (包装) has become a new trend.”可知，食品包装的新趋势是环保包装，故选A。 37. 细节理解题。根据文中“Rice paper is a traditional Chinese material made from rice.”可知，米纸包装由大米制成，故选D。 38. 细节理解题。根据文中“Many milk tea shops now use bamboo fiber cups instead of plastic cups.”可知，现在很多奶茶店使用竹纤维杯子，故选B。 39. 细节理解题。根据文中“However, it is a bit more expensive than plastic packaging.”可知，环保食品包装的缺点是稍微贵一些，故选C。 40. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕环保食品包装已成为新趋势展开，介绍了其相关情况，故选B。 四、基础知识。（共15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） A) 根据句意及中文提示填写单词。 41. We should ________ (回收利用) paper and plastic to save resources. 【答案】recycle 【解析】句意：我们应该回收利用纸张和塑料来节约资源。原因：情态动词 should 后接动词原形。 42. The government has made ________ (严格的) laws to protect the environment. 【答案】strict 【解析】句意：政府制定了严格的法律来保护环境。原因：形容词作定语，修饰名词 laws。 43. Solar energy is a kind of clean and ________ (可再生的) energy. 【答案】renewable 【解析】句意：太阳能是一种清洁且可再生的能源。原因：形容词作定语，修饰名词 energy。 44. Don’t ________ (倾倒) waste water into the river. It will pollute the water. 【答案】pour 【解析】句意：不要把废水倒入河里，这会污染水源。原因：Don’t 引导的祈使句后接动词原形。 45. We should use eco-friendly products to reduce ________ (污染). 【答案】pollution 【解析】句意：我们应该使用环保产品来减少污染。原因：及物动词 reduce 后接名词作宾语，pollution 为不可数名词。 46. The ________ (总数的) number of students in our school is 1200. 【答案】total 【解析】句意：我们学校的学生总数是 1200 人。原因：固定搭配 the total number of（…… 的总数），形容词作定语。 47. If you break the environmental rules, you will be ________ (惩罚). 【答案】punished 【解析】句意：如果你违反环保规定，你将会受到惩罚。原因：主语 you 与 punish 为被动关系，用一般将来时的被动语态 be + 过去分词。 48. Every small act can ________ (产生影响) environmental protection. 【答案】impact 【解析】句意：每一个小小的举动都能对环境保护产生影响。原因：情态动词 can 后接动词原形；impact 作动词，表 “对…… 产生影响”，符合单词填空要求及句式搭配。 B) 用所给词的正确形式填空。 49. Many trees ________ (plant) in our city next spring to make it greener. 【答案】will be planted 【解析】句意：明年春天我们城市将种很多树，让城市更绿意盎然。结合语境可知，next spring 表将来，trees 和 plant 是被动关系，故填 will be planted。 50. We should try our best ________ (protect) the environment. 【答案】to protect 【解析】句意：我们应该尽最大努力保护环境。结合语境可知，考查固定搭配 try one's best to do sth.（尽某人最大努力做某事），故填 to protect。 51. This kind of new energy ________ (not run) out, so it’s very popular. 【答案】doesn’t run 【解析】句意：这种新能源不会耗尽，所以它非常受欢迎。结合语境可知，表客观事实用一般现在时，主语是单数，run out 是实义动词短语，否定用助动词 doesn't，故填 doesn't run。 52. Old clothes can ________ (reuse) or donated to people in need. 【答案】be reused 【解析】句意：旧衣服可以被再次利用，或捐赠给有需要的人。结合语境可知，情态动词 can 后接动词原形，clothes 和 reuse 是被动关系，故填 be reused。 53. The air in our city ________ (become) cleaner since we started to use clean energy. 【答案】has become 【解析】句意：自从我们开始使用清洁能源，我们城市的空气就变得更清新了。结合语境可知，since 引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，主语 air 是不可数名词，故填 has become。 54. It’s important for us ________ (save) water in daily life. 【答案】to save 【解析】句意：日常生活中节约用水对我们来说很重要。结合语境可知，考查固定句型 It's + adj. + for sb. to do sth.（做某事对某人来说是…… 的），故填 to save。 55. Plastic bags ________ (ban) in many supermarkets to reduce pollution. 【答案】are banned 【解析】句意：为了减少污染，许多超市禁止使用塑料袋。结合语境可知，表客观现状用一般现在时，bags 和 ban 是被动关系，故填 are banned。 五、阅读短文，回答问题。（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。注意：每题答案不得超过 10 个词。 Traditional farming often uses a lot of chemical fertilizers (化肥) and pesticides (农药), which are harmful to the environment. Now, a new type of farming called “ecological farming” (生态农业) is becoming popular in some areas of Jiangsu Province. Ecological farming combines traditional farming methods with modern technology. Farmers use natural materials instead of chemicals. For example, they use animal waste as fertilizer and plant special plants to keep pests away. They also grow different crops together to improve the soil quality. This type of farming has many benefits. First, it protects the environment. No chemicals are used, so the soil and water are not polluted. Second, the food produced is healthier and safer for people to eat. Third, it saves energy and resources. Farmers don’t need to buy expensive chemicals, which reduces their costs. Mr. Wang, a farmer who practices ecological farming, said, “My vegetables are very popular in the market. Customers are willing to pay a higher price because they know the food is safe. And I don’t have to worry about polluting the environment anymore.” Now, more and more farmers are learning about ecological farming. The local government also provides training and support to help them. Ecological farming is a win-win for both farmers and the environment. 56. What is the problem of traditional farming? 57. What is ecological farming? 58. What do farmers use as fertilizer in ecological farming? 59. Why are Mr. Wang’s vegetables popular in the market? 60. What support does the local government provide to farmers? 【答案】 56. It harms the environment. 57. It combines traditional and modern farming. 58. Animal waste. 59. Because the food is safe. 60. Training and support. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主旨是介绍江苏省部分地区流行的生态农业，对比传统农业的弊端，阐述生态农业的方式、优势及当地的推广情况。 56. 题目：传统农业的问题是什么？根据原文第一段第一句，传统农业使用的化肥农药对环境有害，故得出答案。 57. 题目：什么是生态农业？根据原文第二段第一句，生态农业结合了传统耕作方法与现代技术，精简得出答案。 58. 题目：生态农业中农民用什么做肥料？根据原文第二段第三句，农民用动物粪便作为肥料，直接得出答案。 59. 题目：王先生的蔬菜为什么在市场上受欢迎？根据原文第四段第二句，因为顾客知道这些食物是安全的，故得出答案。 60. 题目：当地政府为农民提供什么支持？根据原文第五段第二句，当地政府提供培训和支持，直接得出答案。 六、首字母填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Volunteering is a great way to help others and protect the environment. Last month, our school organized a volunteer activity to clean up the wetland park in Nanjing. Before the activity, our teacher gave us a b 61 ________ introduction about the wetland park. He told us that wetlands are important for birds and other wildlife. However, some people leave rubbish there, which h 62 ________ the environment. On the day of the activity, we arrived at the park early in the morning. We were divided into several groups. Some students collected plastic bottles and bags, some picked up paper and fruit peels, and others cleaned the paths. It was not an e 63 ________ job. We worked hard for three hours. Although we felt tired, we were happy to see the park become cleaner. During the activity, we also told visitors about the importance of protecting wetlands. We a 64 ________ them not to drop litter. Many visitors praised us and said they would join in environmental protection activities in the future. After the activity, our teacher said, “Volunteering is not only about helping others but also about learning. You have learned how to work with others and how to make a d 65 ________ to the environment.” This activity made me realize that everyone can do something to protect our planet. I decide to take part in more volunteer activities in the f 66 ________. I believe that if we all work together, our world will become more beautiful. Wetlands are our natural treasures. We should p 67 ________ them. Let’s take action now and do our best to keep wetlands clean and healthy. Remember, small efforts can make a big i 68 ________. Whether it’s picking up rubbish or telling others about environmental protection, every little thing c 69 ________. Let’s be volunteers and work together to build a g 70 ________ world for ourselves and future generations. 【答案】61. brief 62. harms 63. easy 64. advised 65. difference 66. future 67. protect 68. impact 69. counts 70. greener 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者以第一人称视角讲述了学校组织的南京湿地公园志愿清洁活动的完整过程，包括活动前的讲解、活动中的分工行动与环保宣传、活动后的老师点评和自身感悟，点明了志愿服务兼具助人与自我成长的双重意义，呼吁大家共同保护湿地，以微小行动建设更美好的世界。 61. 句意：活动前，老师给我们做了关于湿地公园的简要介绍。原因：固定搭配 a brief introduction（简要介绍），brief 为形容词修饰名词 introduction，符合语境和语法。 62. 句意：但有人在那里乱扔垃圾，这会危害环境。原因：which 指代前文扔垃圾的行为，作主语谓语用三单；harm the environment（危害环境）为固定搭配，一般现在时填 harms。 63. 句意：这不是一份轻松的工作。原因：结合后文 “努力工作三小时、感到疲惫” 的语境，easy（轻松的）用否定式体现工作的辛苦，符合文意。 64. 句意：我们劝告他们不要乱扔垃圾。原因：固定搭配 advise sb. not to do sth.（劝告某人不要做某事），全文为一般过去时，填 advised；该词语气委婉，贴合志愿者对游客环保引导的场景。 65. 句意：你们学会了如何与他人合作，以及如何对环境产生影响。原因：固定搭配 make a difference（产生影响、发挥作用），为英语高频短语，贴合语境。 66. 句意：我决定在未来参加更多的志愿活动。原因：固定搭配 in the future（在未来），为时间状语的固定表达，符合语法和句意。 67. 句意：湿地是我们的自然瑰宝，我们应该保护它们。原因：情态动词 should 后接动词原形，protect（保护）契合全文环保的核心主题，符合句意。 68. 句意：记住，微小的努力能产生巨大的影响。原因：固定搭配 make a big impact（产生巨大影响），与 make a big difference 同义，首字母为 i，避免与 65 题重复，贴合语境。 69. 句意：无论是捡垃圾还是向他人宣传环保，每一件小事都很重要。原因：every little thing 作主语，谓语用三单；count（重要、有价值）符合语境，一般现在时填 counts。 70. 句意：让我们成为志愿者，共同为自己和后代建设一个更绿色的世界。原因：greener 为 green 的比较级，体现 “通过行动让世界比当下更美好” 的递进关系，贴合全文 “行动改善环境” 的主旨，修饰名词 world 用形容词。 七、书面表达。（满分 15 分） 假设你是李华，你们学校正在开展 “环保从我做起” 的主题活动。请你根据以下提示，写一篇英语倡议书，呼吁同学们积极参与环保行动。 提示： 节约资源（节约用水、用电，随手关灯、关水龙头）； 减少污染（拒绝一次性用品，绿色出行）； 废物利用（垃圾分类，旧物捐赠或回收）； 呼吁大家一起行动，保护地球。 要求： 词数 80-100； 条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确； 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 例文： Dear classmates, Our school is holding the "Environmental Protection Starts with Me" activity. Protecting the earth is our common duty. First, save resources. Turn off lights and taps immediately when not in use to save electricity and water. Second, reduce pollution, refuse single-use products like plastic bags and choose green travel such as walking or cycling. Third, reuse waste by sorting rubbish properly and donating or recycling old items. Small actions make a big difference. Let’s take action now and work together to build a greener world! Li Hua 【解析】 [总体分析] 1. 题材：英语倡议书（倡议类应用文），用于呼吁他人参与环保行动，语气诚恳、积极，具有号召力。 2. 时态：主要使用一般现在时，因为倡议的内容是日常可行的行动，描述客观事实和普遍要求，无过去或将来的特殊时间提示。 3. 写作提示：围绕“环保从我做起”主题，严格贴合题目给出的4个提示（节约资源、减少污染、废物利用、呼吁行动）；条理清晰，可分点（用First, Second, Third衔接）；语句简洁通顺，语法正确，避开真实人名、校名；控制词数在80-100之间，不冗余。 [写作步骤] 第一步：开头点题（1-2句）。引出学校开展的“环保从我做起”主题活动，点明保护地球是大家的共同责任，奠定倡议基调（参考例文第一段）。 第二步：分点阐述具体行动（3-4句）。结合提示，分三个方面（节约资源、减少污染、废物利用），用衔接词串联，写出具体可操作的做法，贴合例文结构。 第三步：结尾呼吁（1-2句）。用简洁有力的句子，强调“小行动有大影响”，呼吁同学们立即行动，共同环保，升华主题（参考例文最后一段）。 [亮点词汇] environmental protection 环境保护；starts with 从……开始；save resources 节约资源；turn off 关闭；tap 水龙头；electricity 电；reduce pollution 减少污染；refuse 拒绝；single-use products 一次性用品；green travel 绿色出行；sort rubbish 垃圾分类；donate 捐赠；recycle 回收；build 建设；greener world 更绿色的世界 [高分句型] 1. Protecting the earth is our common duty. （中文：保护地球是我们共同的责任。 句式：动名词短语作主语的陈述句） 2. Turn off lights and taps immediately when not in use. （中文：不用时立即关灯关水龙头。 句式：祈使句+时间状语从句省略式） 3. Small actions make a big difference. （中文：小行动成就大改变。 句式：简单句，主谓宾结构，谚语类句型） 4. Let’s take action now and work together to build a greener world! （中文：让我们现在行动起来，一起建设更绿色的世界！ 句式：祈使句，and连接并列谓语，不定式作目的状语） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测卷 Unit8·南京专用·2025年中考新题型 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：90分） 一、单项选择。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. Many eco-friendly activities ________ in our city next month to celebrate World Environment Day. A. will organize B. are organized C. will be organized D. organize 2. We should ________ single-use plastic bags and choose reusable ones to reduce pollution. A. refuse B. receive C. return D. reuse 3. World Environment Day falls ________ June 5th every year. It’s a day to call for environmental protection. A. in B. on C. at D. for 4. The government has made strict laws ________ people from cutting down too many trees. A. stop B. stopping C. to stop D. stopped 5. China is working hard to achieve the “double carbon” goal (双碳目标). We can all ________ by saving energy in daily life. A. make a difference B. make a mistake C. make a decision D. make a plan 6. —How can we deal with old clothes properly? —They ________ to charity shops or recycled into new products. A. can send B. can be sent C. sent D. are sending 7. This new type of energy is ________ than coal because it produces no pollution. A. cleaner B. cleanest C. dirtier D. dirtiest 8. —Will the plastic waste ________ in the ocean forever? —No. Scientists are developing new ways to break it down. A. keep B. be kept C. have kept D. kept 9. According to the new rule in Nanjing, people ________ if they drop litter in public places. A. fine B. will fine C. are fined D. will be fined 10. Solar panels (太阳能板) are now widely used in rural areas. They ________ sunlight into electricity for people to use. A. change B. turn C. take D. get Bamboo has been used in China for thousands of years. Now it’s getting popular again as an eco-friendly material. Unlike plastic, bamboo is 11 ________ and can be recycled easily. Many factories make bamboo into tableware (餐具), bags and even furniture. Using bamboo products helps 12 ________ plastic pollution. For example, bamboo straws (吸管) are a good replacement for plastic ones. They are safe to use and don’t harm the environment. What’s more, bamboo grows very fast. It only takes a few years for a bamboo shoot to become a mature plant, 13 ________ trees need decades. Many young people in Nanjing now choose bamboo products. They say bamboo combines traditional culture 14 ________ modern environmental needs. “Using bamboo things makes me feel close to nature,” said a middle school student. “I hope more people will 15 ________ to use eco-friendly materials.” 11. A. natural B. artificial C. expensive D. cheap 12. A. increase B. reduce C. create D. find 13. A. so B. because C. while D. though 14. A. with B. to C. for D. on 15. A. forget B. refuse C. promise D. choose 二、完形填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Rainwater harvesting (收集) is a smart way to save water. In many cities around the world, this technology is being used to deal with water shortage. Now it’s also popular in some communities in Nanjing. The rainwater harvesting system is not complicated. When it rains, the rainwater falls on the roof and flows into a special 16 ________. Then it goes through a filter (过滤器) to remove dirt and impurities (杂质). After that, the clean water is stored in a big tank. People can use it to water plants, clean cars or even wash clothes after simple treatment. This system has many advantages. First, it helps 17 ________ water resources. Instead of using tap water for non-drinking purposes, people can use collected rainwater. Second, it reduces the risk of flooding in rainy seasons. The system collects extra rainwater, so less water runs into the streets. Third, it’s good for the environment. Using rainwater means less groundwater is taken out, which 18 ________ the balance of nature. Mr. Li, who lives in a community with this system, said, “We used to worry about water shortage in summer. Now with the rainwater tank, we have enough water for daily use. And the water bill has 19 ________ a lot.” However, setting up the system needs some money at first. But most people think it’s worth it. “It’s a long-term investment (投资) for our planet,” said a community worker. “We hope more communities will 20 ________ this technology in the future.” For most families, using the collected rainwater is 21 ________. They just need to turn on a special tap to get the water. The water is clean enough for daily non-drinking use, and it doesn’t cost extra money. Some residents even use it to clean the 22 ________ around their houses, making the community more beautiful. This system is not only 23 ________ for saving water but also for building a sense of community. Neighbors often share tips on how to use the rainwater better. The 24 ________ in the community are very satisfied with this system and often recommend it to friends in other areas. By using rainwater harvesting technology, we can not only 25 ________ water resources but also protect our environment. It’s a simple but effective way to go green. 16. A. pipe B. bowl C. basket D. box 17. A. waste B. save C. sell D. buy 18. A. keeps B. breaks C. destroys D. changes 19. A. risen B. fallen C. increased D. doubled 20. A. give up B. look for C. put off D. take up 21. A. easy B. difficult C. interesting D. boring 22. A. sky B. ground C. river D. lake 23. A. bad B. harmful C. helpful D. careful 24. A. teachers B. doctors C. farmers D. residents 25. A. protect B. pollute C. create D. waste 三、阅读理解。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） （A） A group of college students in Nanjing invented a solar-powered (太阳能驱动的) charging bag for rural students. The bag can solve the problem of power shortage in some mountain areas. The bag looks like an ordinary schoolbag, but it has a special solar panel on the back. When exposed to sunlight for 4 hours, it can store enough electricity to charge a mobile phone twice or a tablet once. The bag is also waterproof (防水的) and durable (耐用的), so it’s suitable for outdoor use. Why did the students invent this bag? They visited a rural school last summer and found that many students couldn’t study at night because there was no electricity. Some students even had to walk a long way to charge their devices. “We wanted to help them study better,” said the leader of the invention team. The invention has won a prize in a national innovation competition. Now the students are working with a company to produce more bags. They plan to donate 500 bags to rural students in Guizhou and Yunnan provinces next year. “We hope our invention can bring light to their study and life,” said one of the inventors. 26. What is special about the solar-powered charging bag? A. It can be used as a tablet. B. It has a solar panel on the back. C. It is smaller than an ordinary schoolbag. D. It can charge a mobile phone in 4 hours. 27. The solar-powered bag can solve the problem of ________ in rural areas. A. food shortage B. water pollution C. power shortage D. traffic jam 28. The students invented the bag because they ________. A. wanted to win a competition B. wanted to make money C. needed it for their own use D. wanted to help rural students study better 29. How many bags do the students plan to donate next year? A. 1000 B. 300 C. 500 D. 100 30. What can we infer from the passage? A. The bag is not suitable for outdoor use. B. The students will produce the bags by themselves. C. The invention is helpful to rural students. D. The solar panel can store electricity without sunlight. （B） Last weekend, 30 students from No. 2 Middle School in Nanjing took part in a community volunteer activity—“Sort Rubbish, Beautify Our Home”. The activity was organized to encourage people to practice waste classification (垃圾分类). In the morning, the students gathered at the community square and received training on how to sort different types of rubbish. They learned that paper, plastic and glass can be recycled, while kitchen waste should be put into special bins. After the training, they went door to door to give out leaflets (传单) and explain waste classification to the residents. Some residents were not familiar with the new classification rules. The students patiently explained, “Sorting rubbish can help reduce pollution and save resources. For example, recycled paper can be made into new paper, which saves trees.” Many residents praised the students for their hard work. “The children are very helpful. Now I know how to sort my rubbish correctly,” said an elderly resident. In the afternoon, the students helped clean the community and sorted the rubbish on the streets. Although they felt tired, they were happy. “It’s meaningful to help others and protect the environment,” said a student. “I will continue to take part in such activities.” 31. What was the purpose of the volunteer activity? A. To clean the community. B. To encourage waste classification. C. To collect old clothes. D. To help elderly residents. 32. Before going door to door, the students ________. A. cleaned the streets B. sorted the rubbish C. received training D. made leaflets 33. Which of the following can be recycled? A. Paper B. Kitchen waste C. Broken bowls D. Used tissues 34. How did the elderly resident feel about the students? A. Angry B. Bored C. Grateful D. Surprised 35. What did the students think of the activity? A. Tiring and useless B. Tiring but meaningful C. Easy and interesting D. Difficult but boring （C） Nowadays, more and more people pay attention to food safety and environmental protection. Eco-friendly food packaging (包装) has become a new trend. It combines traditional materials with modern technology to meet people’s needs. One example is rice paper packaging. Rice paper is a traditional Chinese material made from rice. It is biodegradable (可生物降解的), which means it can break down naturally in the environment. Now, some companies use rice paper to package snacks, fruits and even fast food. Unlike plastic packaging, rice paper doesn’t pollute the environment. What’s more, it is safe and harmless to humans. Another example is bamboo fiber packaging. Bamboo fiber is made from bamboo. It is soft, strong and waterproof. Many milk tea shops now use bamboo fiber cups instead of plastic cups. These cups can be recycled or degraded easily. Some companies also make bamboo fiber boxes for takeaway food. They are not only eco-friendly but also keep the food warm. Eco-friendly food packaging is good for both people and the planet. It reduces plastic pollution and protects our health. However, it is a bit more expensive than plastic packaging. But as more people choose eco-friendly products, the price may go down in the future. We should support eco-friendly packaging to create a greener world. 36. What is the new trend in food packaging? A. Eco-friendly packaging B. Metal packaging C. Plastic packaging D. Glass packaging 37. Rice paper packaging is ________. A. non-biodegradable B. harmful to humans C. expensive D. made from rice 38. Bamboo fiber cups are used in many ________ now. A. bookstores B. milk tea shops C. hospitals D. schools 39. What is the disadvantage of eco-friendly food packaging? A. It is not waterproof. B. It is not strong. C. It is a bit more expensive. D. It can’t keep food warm. 40. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Traditional food packaging is better than modern packaging. B. Eco-friendly food packaging is a new trend. C. Plastic packaging should be banned. D. Bamboo fiber is the best material for packaging. 四、基础知识。（共15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） A) 根据句意及中文提示填写单词。 41. We should ________ (回收利用) paper and plastic to save resources. 42. The government has made ________ (严格的) laws to protect the environment. 43. Solar energy is a kind of clean and ________ (可再生的) energy. 44. Don’t ________ (倾倒) waste water into the river. It will pollute the water. 45. We should use eco-friendly products to reduce ________ (污染). 46. The ________ (总数的) number of students in our school is 1200. 47. If you break the environmental rules, you will be ________ (惩罚). 48. Every small act can ________ (产生影响) environmental protection. B) 用所给词的正确形式填空。 49. Many trees ________ (plant) in our city next spring to make it greener. 50. We should try our best ________ (protect) the environment. 51. This kind of new energy ________ (not run) out, so it’s very popular. 52. Old clothes can ________ (reuse) or donated to people in need. 53. The air in our city ________ (become) cleaner since we started to use clean energy. 54. It’s important for us ________ (save) water in daily life. 55. Plastic bags ________ (ban) in many supermarkets to reduce pollution. 五、阅读短文，回答问题。（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。注意：每题答案不得超过 10 个词。 Traditional farming often uses a lot of chemical fertilizers (化肥) and pesticides (农药), which are harmful to the environment. Now, a new type of farming called “ecological farming” (生态农业) is becoming popular in some areas of Jiangsu Province. Ecological farming combines traditional farming methods with modern technology. Farmers use natural materials instead of chemicals. For example, they use animal waste as fertilizer and plant special plants to keep pests away. They also grow different crops together to improve the soil quality. This type of farming has many benefits. First, it protects the environment. No chemicals are used, so the soil and water are not polluted. Second, the food produced is healthier and safer for people to eat. Third, it saves energy and resources. Farmers don’t need to buy expensive chemicals, which reduces their costs. Mr. Wang, a farmer who practices ecological farming, said, “My vegetables are very popular in the market. Customers are willing to pay a higher price because they know the food is safe. And I don’t have to worry about polluting the environment anymore.” Now, more and more farmers are learning about ecological farming. The local government also provides training and support to help them. Ecological farming is a win-win for both farmers and the environment. 56. What is the problem of traditional farming? 57. What is ecological farming? 58. What do farmers use as fertilizer in ecological farming? 59. Why are Mr. Wang’s vegetables popular in the market? 60. What support does the local government provide to farmers? 六、首字母填空。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Volunteering is a great way to help others and protect the environment. Last month, our school organized a volunteer activity to clean up the wetland park in Nanjing. Before the activity, our teacher gave us a b 61 ________ introduction about the wetland park. He told us that wetlands are important for birds and other wildlife. However, some people leave rubbish there, which h 62 ________ the environment. On the day of the activity, we arrived at the park early in the morning. We were divided into several groups. Some students collected plastic bottles and bags, some picked up paper and fruit peels, and others cleaned the paths. It was not an e 63 ________ job. We worked hard for three hours. Although we felt tired, we were happy to see the park become cleaner. During the activity, we also told visitors about the importance of protecting wetlands. We a 64 ________ them not to drop litter. Many visitors praised us and said they would join in environmental protection activities in the future. After the activity, our teacher said, “Volunteering is not only about helping others but also about learning. You have learned how to work with others and how to make a d 65 ________ to the environment.” This activity made me realize that everyone can do something to protect our planet. I decide to take part in more volunteer activities in the f 66 ________. I believe that if we all work together, our world will become more beautiful. Wetlands are our natural treasures. We should p 67 ________ them. Let’s take action now and do our best to keep wetlands clean and healthy. Remember, small efforts can make a big i 68 ________. Whether it’s picking up rubbish or telling others about environmental protection, every little thing c 69 ________. Let’s be volunteers and work together to build a g 70 ________ world for ourselves and future generations. 七、书面表达。（满分 15 分） 假设你是李华，你们学校正在开展 “环保从我做起” 的主题活动。请你根据以下提示，写一篇英语倡议书，呼吁同学们积极参与环保行动。 提示： 节约资源（节约用水、用电，随手关灯、关水龙头）； 减少污染（拒绝一次性用品，绿色出行）； 废物利用（垃圾分类，旧物捐赠或回收）； 呼吁大家一起行动，保护地球。 要求： 词数 80-100； 条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确； 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $