Unit1 Period 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas（导学案）（含思维提升训练）英语外研版必修第三册

该高中英语导学案聚焦外研版必修第三册Unit 1“Knowing me, Knowing you”的Developing ideas & Presenting ideas部分，核心涵盖“white lies”与“人际边界”相关词汇、短语及句型，通过知识梳理（如white lie搭配、过去分词作状语）和即学即练搭建学习支架，连接语言知识与文本观点分析。 资料亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过文本梳理作者对善意谎言的不同立场，从“动机—行为—结果”提升逻辑与批判性思维，分层书面任务（建议信等）结合所学词汇句型，助力学生在真实情境中表达观点，多样化练习夯实基础，促进语言综合运用与跨文化沟通能力发展。

外研版必修第三册Unit 1 Knowing me, Knowing you Period 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas（导学案） 1. 掌握 Unit 1 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas 部分的核心语言知识； √ 单词：deceive，forgive，boundary，frank，justify，tear √ 短语：tell a lie，white lie，to be frank，set boundaries，in spite of √ 句型：·-ed 形式作状语（如：Troubled by the lie, she kept silent.）·no matter how 引导让步状语从句 2. 理解并分析文本中关于“white lies（善意的谎言）”与“人际边界”的核心观点； √ 能梳理作者对“是否应该说善意谎言”的不同立场 √ 能结合具体情境判断行为的合理性与后果 3. 在阅读基础上提升逻辑思维与批判性思维能力； √ 能从“动机—行为—结果”的角度分析人际交往中的选择 √ 能对文本观点进行简单评价并提出个人看法 4. 完成观点表达与书面输出任务，提升语言综合运用能力； √ 能围绕“理想的人际距离 / 是否需要善意谎言”等话题进行简要口头表达 √ 能在书面表达中恰当运用所学词汇与句型，表达清晰、观点明确 一、基础词汇记忆 1.____________ /ˈtɪpɪkl/ adj. 典型的；有代表性的           → ____________ /ˈtɪpɪkli/ adv. 典型地；有代表性地 2. ____________ /əˈplaɪ/ v. 申请；应用           → ____________ /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 申请；申请书           → ____________ /əˈplɪkənt/ n. 申请人 3. ____________ /ˈiːɡə(r)/ adj. 热切的；渴望的           → ____________ /ˈiːɡənəs/ n. 渴望；热切 4. ____________ /ˌɪndɪˈpendəntli/ adv. 独立地；自立地           → ____________ /ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/ adj. 自治的；独立的 5. ____________ /ˈpaʊə(r)/ n. 力量；权力           → ____________ /ˈpaʊəfl/ adj. 强大的 6. ____________ /ʌnˈsteɪbl/ adj. 不稳定的           → ____________ /ˈsteɪbl/ adj. 稳定的 7. ____________ /ˈdʌsti/ adj. 布满灰尘的           → ____________ /dʌst/ n. 灰尘 8. ____________ /ˈmʌdi/ adj. 泥泞的           → ____________ /mʌd/ n. 泥 9. ____________ /əˈtræktɪv/ adj. 吸引人的           → ____________ /əˈtrækt/ v. 吸引           → ____________ /əˈtrækʃn/ n. 吸引力 10. ____________ /ˈlɑːftə(r)/ n. 笑；笑声           → ____________ /lɑːf/ v. 笑；发笑 二、词块记忆 1.窒息而死 ___________ 2.丰富的实践经验___________ 3.一项社会福利计划___________ 4.多雾天气___________ 5.一个绝望的人___________ Part 1 Developing ideas 【知识梳理1】white lie white lie 善意的谎言（为避免伤害他人而说的谎言） 【常用搭配】 tell a white lie 说一个善意的谎言 a harmless white lie 无伤大雅的善意谎言 justify a white lie 为善意的谎言辩护 avoid telling white lies 避免说善意的谎言 【即学即练】 根据所给汉语完成句子。 1. 有时候，人们会说善意的谎言来避免伤害他人。 Sometimes people tell __________ __________ to avoid hurting others. 2. 善意的谎言并不总是正确的选择。 White lies are not always __________ __________. 3. 她说了一个善意的谎言来让朋友感觉好一些。 She told __________ __________ to make her friend feel better. 4. 善意的谎言可能会带来误解。 White lies may __________ __________. 5. 说善意的谎言之前，我们应该三思。 We should think twice before telling __________ __________. 【知识梳理2】deceive v. 欺骗；蒙骗 deceive /dɪˈsiːv/ v. 欺骗；蒙骗 【常用搭配】 deceive sb. 欺骗某人 be deceived by 被……欺骗 deceive oneself 自欺欺人 deceive sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事 【即学即练】 1. He was deceived _________ his close friend. 2. Don’t __________ others just to protect yourself. 3. 她不想用谎言去欺骗父母。 She didn’t want to __________ her parents with lies. 4. 很多人容易被外表所欺骗。 Many people are easily __________ by appearances. 5. 欺骗他人最终会破坏信任。 __________ others will finally destroy trust. 【知识梳理3】boundary n. 界限；边界 boundary /ˈbaʊndri/ n. 界限；边界 【常用搭配】 set boundaries 设立界限 personal boundaries 个人界限 respect boundaries 尊重界限 cross the boundary 越界 keep boundaries clear 保持界限清晰 【即学即练】 1.在友谊中设立界限是很重要的。 It is important to __________ __________ in friendships. 2.每个人的个人界限都应该被尊重。 Everyone’s __________ __________ should be respected. 3.他不知道如何在亲密和界限之间取得平衡。 He doesn’t know how to balance closeness and __________. 4.没有界限的关系容易引发冲突。 Relationships without __________ easily lead to conflict. 5.学会说“不”是设立界限的一种方式。 Learning to say “no” is one way to __________ __________. 【知识梳理4】to be frank 说实话；坦率地说 【常用搭配】 to be frank with sb. 对某人坦率地说 to be frank about sth. 坦率谈论某事 frankly speaking 坦率地说 be frank and honest 坦率而诚实 【即学即练】 1. To be frank, I don’t agree _________ your opinion. 2. __________ __________, I feel uncomfortable with the decision. 3. 说实话，这段友谊让我感到压力。 __________ __________ __________, this friendship puts pressure on me. 4. To be frank, telling the truth is not always easy. （翻译）________________________________________ 5. 他坦率地表达了自己的想法。 He expressed his thoughts __________ __________. 【知识梳理5】过去分词作状语（-ed 形式作状语） 【知识拓展】 Troubled by… 因……而困扰 Shocked by… 因……而震惊 Confused about… 对……感到困惑 Influenced by… 受……影响 Encouraged by… 受到……鼓舞 【即学即练】 1. __________ (Trouble) by the lie, she began to doubt her friend. 2. __________ (Shock) by the truth, he couldn’t say a word. 3. 被朋友的话困扰，她选择了沉默。 __________ __________ her friend’s words, she chose to keep silent. 4. 完成作业后，他感到轻松多了。 __________ __________ the homework, he felt much more relaxed. 5. 用所给结构改写句子： Because he was confused, he asked the teacher for help. → __________ __________, he asked the teacher for help. Part 2 Presenting ideas 【知识梳理1】the porcupine dilemma 【知识拓展】 the porcupine dilemma theory 豪猪困境理论 keep a proper distance 保持适当距离 balance closeness and distance 平衡亲密与距离 apply the porcupine dilemma 运用豪猪困境理论 【即学即练】 1. 豪猪困境强调人际关系中的__________ __________。 2. 太近或太远都会让人感到不舒服。 Being __________ __________ or too distant makes people uncomfortable. 3. 豪猪困境告诉我们要尊重他人的__________。 The porcupine dilemma teaches us to respect others’ __________. 4. 在友谊中找到合适的距离并不容易。 It is not easy to find __________ __________ in friendships. 5. 该寓言常用于解释人际交往中的矛盾。 The story is often used to explain __________ in relationships. 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.We’re going __________(dependent) from the university and setting up our own group. 2. _____(frank) speaking, he is not the suitable leader for the team. 3.By this time, ________ (tear) were streaming down her face. 4.Many students are supposed to behave honestly, which will not cause much ________ (embarrass) certainly. 5.Two hours ________(late), the ship sank(沉没). 6.Having stayed at home for a week, I can’t really justify ___________(take)another day off work. 7.Nothing can persuade her ________（change）her mind once it is made up. 8.Children should be made________(understand)the importance of saving water. 9.The district launched a campaign to find ways________(deal)with construction dust. 10.Many streets________(flood), with water level rising by more than 1 meter in some sections. 二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Knowing how valuable friendship is, we should be very careful in making friends. A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world 1 (walk) out. A real friend is someone 2 support we can count on. A real friend is someone who sees our true self, not just the face that we show to the world. Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us 3 (connect) are eating away at the meaning of friendship. We may be able to make many friends online, 4 these friendships can be quite shallow. Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love. Texting and messaging cannot take 5 place of face to face chatting. “ 6 (share)”our experiences on social media is not enough to express the 7 (value) which matter most to us. “Liking” our 8 (friend) photos online does not develop the connection which we share. To put it 9 (simple), to make friends a real part of our lives, we should put down our smartphones and meet them 10 person. 三、阅读理解 After graduating from Ontario College of Teachers, I became a teacher at a one-room country school in Aldborough Township. That first day of school as a 19-year-old female teacher was a frightening experience. It was one thing to have graduated as a successful student; it was another thing to face a classroom of little faces that were waiting for the “new teacher”. I had a classroom of 21 children of different shapes and sizes. The youngest was five going on six and the eldest was 16. There were two doors for entrance in my school, one for the girls, one for the boys and just inside each door was a chemical toilet — no outdoor equipment for us! The heat in the building was a wood-burning furnace (火炉) down in the basement. Looking after the furnace was one of my responsibilities. Luckily, I knew a bit about starting a fire, so the school didn’t burn down. What I found most difficult was that a parent might take a child out of school for any reason. I had one Dutch family, whose father would keep the children out of school to help with the farm work. Finally, I got tired of this and sent an education officer to solve the problem. Needless to say, I was very unpopular with that father from then on, but the children came to school much more regularly! In the classroom, the older students helped the younger ones with learning, as well as with putting on coats and hats. If someone’s lunch was forgotten, everyone shared a bit of their food. We were a family. We had good times and bad times, but we kept learning. Far beyond maths, social studies, reading, grammar and writing, we learned how to get along with each other. I loved teaching at this small school and knew I was teaching the children about life as much as about subjects. I’d like to believe some students will have an effect on the world that will last long after I am gone. 1. Why did the writer feel her first day as a teacher frightening? A．There were so many students in the class. B．The situations were quite different. C．There was no outdoor equipment. D．The students were curious about her. 2. What do we know about the school? A．It was badly equipped. B．The playground was large. C．It was once damaged by a fire. D．The students were of similar age. 3. What was a headache for the writer? A．A Dutch family hated her. B．The students preferred farm work. C．The education officer offered little help. D．Some parents didn’t care about their children’s education. 4. What can be inferred from Paragraph 5? A．They cared about each other. B．They had an effect on the world. C．They laughed away bad times. D．They did well in almost every subject. 一、阅读理解 1 . Read the passage carefully and finish the tasks. Little White Lies 1 Written more than two hundred years ago, these lines by Walter Scott remain one of the most well-known excerpts of Scottish poetry: Oh, what a tangled web we weave, When first we practise to deceive! 2 We all know that honesty is an important value and that lying is wrong, but who can honestly say that they’ve never told a lie? Perhaps we comfort ourselves with the knowledge that most of the lies we tell are “white lies”: little lies that we tell to protect others from the truth. 3 We’ve all surely had the experience of someone cooking a meal for us that we don’t like. The majority of us of course don’t tell the truth-we lie and say that the food is “delicious”. 4 Or if a friend asks us what we think of their new haircut, we say “It’s great!”, even if we think it’s awful. But to what extent can we justify telling white lies like these? 5 One of the main reasons for telling a white lie is to try to make others feel better. However, when we lie and say that someone’s haircut looks good, or when we say that we love a meal that we secretly hate, are we really hoping to improve the situation for someone else? Perhaps we are in fact lying to protect ourselves from the disappointment and anger of others. 6 Another reason for telling a white lie is to give encouragement. Say for example that your friend asks you what you think of his singing. You of course say that it’s wonderful, despite secretly thinking that your cat can sing better. Stop for a moment and consider that perhaps your friend wants some frank comments from you so that they can improve. Or perhaps, they need to know that they should look for a different hobby. 7 Finally, we may also tell a white lie when we want to protect others from bad news. If you’ve had a bad day, do you tell your parents about it, or do you hide your tears and lie that your day was “fine”? If the latter, don’t you think your parents would want to listen to you and understand your feelings? Wouldn’t it be better to respect their concern for you and ask for their advice? 8 Going back to Walter Scott’s lines, we may find even white lies have results we cannot know in advance. Perhaps the meal you said was “delicious” will be served every time you visit. Would your friend trust your opinion again if he found out you had lied about his “wonderful” singing? How would you expect others to truly understand your emotions if you only shared good news instead of bad? Moreover, how would you feel if you discovered that the people closest to you had been hiding the truth from you? 1. Read the passage and find out the meaning of “white lies”. 2. Read the passage and match each paragraph with its main idea. a Tell white lies to make others feel good b Another example of white lies c A poem about lies d An example of white lies e Telling white lies is to give encouragement f Tell white lies to protect others from bad news g Definition of white lies h Conclusion: unpredictable results of telling white lies Para.1 ________ Para.2 ________ Para.3 ________ Para.4 ________ Para.5 ________ Para.6 ________ Para.7 ________ Para.8 ________ 3. Read the passage and divide it into three parts. Introduction _____________ _____________ _____________ Main body _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ Conclusion _____________ 4. Complete the diagram with information from the passage. Introduction We know lying is wrong, so why do we tell white lies? Main body Reason 1 To make others _______________ Example (s) Someone’s cooking _______________ Someone’s haircut 3 _______________ Analysis Perhaps we lie to protect ourselves ______________ Reason 2 ____________ Example (s) _____________ Analysis Perhaps your friend wants _____________ Perhaps they need to know _____________ Reason 3 _____________ Example (s) ____________ Analysis Perhaps your parents ______________ Conclusion Even white lies may have results we cannot predict. So _______________ 二、思维提升-观点分享 Share your opinions on white lies and personal boundaries. 1. Think of one situation where a white lie may be acceptable and one where it may be harmful. 2. Prepare a short presentation about how to keep a proper distance in relationships, then practise with your partner. 三、思维提升-书面表达 本作业二选一，为分层作业，难度有所区别。基础一般的同学可以选择作业1，基础较好的同学可以选择作业2。 写作情境 假使你是李华，你的外国朋友Jack在与同学相处时感到困惑。他不知道是否应该说white lies，也不知道如何在友谊中保持合适的personal boundaries。请你根据本课所学内容给他一些建议。 写作要点 ① white lies 可能带来的影响 ② 如何在诚实与尊重他人感受之间取得平衡 ③ 如何理解并运用 “proper distance” 二选一 1. 写三条建议 要求： 至少使用本课中5 个单词或短语 语言准确，表达清楚 2.写一封完整的建议信 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 外研版必修第三册Unit 1 Knowing me, Knowing you Period 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas（导学案） 1. 掌握 Unit 1 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas 部分的核心语言知识； √ 单词：deceive，forgive，boundary，frank，justify，tear √ 短语：tell a lie，white lie，to be frank，set boundaries，in spite of √ 句型：·-ed 形式作状语（如：Troubled by the lie, she kept silent.）·no matter how 引导让步状语从句 2. 理解并分析文本中关于“white lies（善意的谎言）”与“人际边界”的核心观点； √ 能梳理作者对“是否应该说善意谎言”的不同立场 √ 能结合具体情境判断行为的合理性与后果 3. 在阅读基础上提升逻辑思维与批判性思维能力； √ 能从“动机—行为—结果”的角度分析人际交往中的选择 √ 能对文本观点进行简单评价并提出个人看法 4. 完成观点表达与书面输出任务，提升语言综合运用能力； √ 能围绕“理想的人际距离 / 是否需要善意谎言”等话题进行简要口头表达 √ 能在书面表达中恰当运用所学词汇与句型，表达清晰、观点明确 一、基础词汇记忆 1.____________ /ˈtɪpɪkl/ adj. 典型的；有代表性的           → ____________ /ˈtɪpɪkli/ adv. 典型地；有代表性地 2. ____________ /əˈplaɪ/ v. 申请；应用           → ____________ /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 申请；申请书           → ____________ /əˈplɪkənt/ n. 申请人 3. ____________ /ˈiːɡə(r)/ adj. 热切的；渴望的           → ____________ /ˈiːɡənəs/ n. 渴望；热切 4. ____________ /ˌɪndɪˈpendəntli/ adv. 独立地；自立地           → ____________ /ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/ adj. 自治的；独立的 5. ____________ /ˈpaʊə(r)/ n. 力量；权力           → ____________ /ˈpaʊəfl/ adj. 强大的 6. ____________ /ʌnˈsteɪbl/ adj. 不稳定的           → ____________ /ˈsteɪbl/ adj. 稳定的 7. ____________ /ˈdʌsti/ adj. 布满灰尘的           → ____________ /dʌst/ n. 灰尘 8. ____________ /ˈmʌdi/ adj. 泥泞的           → ____________ /mʌd/ n. 泥 9. ____________ /əˈtræktɪv/ adj. 吸引人的           → ____________ /əˈtrækt/ v. 吸引           → ____________ /əˈtrækʃn/ n. 吸引力 10. ____________ /ˈlɑːftə(r)/ n. 笑；笑声           → ____________ /lɑːf/ v. 笑；发笑 【答案】1.typical；typically 2.apply；application；applicant 3.eager；eagerness 4.independently；independent 5.power；powerful 6.unstable；stable 7.dusty；dust 8.muddy；mud 9.attractive；attract；attraction 10.laughter；laugh 二、词块记忆 1.窒息而死 ___________ 2.丰富的实践经验___________ 3.一项社会福利计划___________ 4.多雾天气___________ 5.一个绝望的人___________ 【答案】 1. choke to death 2.the sufficient practicalical experience 3. A social welfareprogramme 4. on foggy days 5. a desperate man Part 1 Developing ideas 【知识梳理1】white lie white lie 善意的谎言（为避免伤害他人而说的谎言） 【常用搭配】 tell a white lie 说一个善意的谎言 a harmless white lie 无伤大雅的善意谎言 justify a white lie 为善意的谎言辩护 avoid telling white lies 避免说善意的谎言 【即学即练】 根据所给汉语完成句子。 1. 有时候，人们会说善意的谎言来避免伤害他人。 Sometimes people tell __________ __________ to avoid hurting others. 2. 善意的谎言并不总是正确的选择。 White lies are not always __________ __________. 3. 她说了一个善意的谎言来让朋友感觉好一些。 She told __________ __________ to make her friend feel better. 4. 善意的谎言可能会带来误解。 White lies may __________ __________. 5. 说善意的谎言之前，我们应该三思。 We should think twice before telling __________ __________. 【答案】1white lies 2.the right choice 3.a white lie 4.cause misunderstanding 5.white lies 【知识梳理2】deceive v. 欺骗；蒙骗 deceive /dɪˈsiːv/ v. 欺骗；蒙骗 【常用搭配】 deceive sb. 欺骗某人 be deceived by 被……欺骗 deceive oneself 自欺欺人 deceive sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事 【即学即练】 1. He was deceived _________ his close friend. 2. Don’t __________ others just to protect yourself. 3. 她不想用谎言去欺骗父母。 She didn’t want to __________ her parents with lies. 4. 很多人容易被外表所欺骗。 Many people are easily __________ by appearances. 5. 欺骗他人最终会破坏信任。 __________ others will finally destroy trust. 【答案】1.by 2.deceive 3.deceive 4.deceived 5.Deceiving 【知识梳理3】boundary n. 界限；边界 boundary /ˈbaʊndri/ n. 界限；边界 【常用搭配】 set boundaries 设立界限 personal boundaries 个人界限 respect boundaries 尊重界限 cross the boundary 越界 keep boundaries clear 保持界限清晰 【即学即练】 1.在友谊中设立界限是很重要的。 It is important to __________ __________ in friendships. 2.每个人的个人界限都应该被尊重。 Everyone’s __________ __________ should be respected. 3.他不知道如何在亲密和界限之间取得平衡。 He doesn’t know how to balance closeness and __________. 4.没有界限的关系容易引发冲突。 Relationships without __________ easily lead to conflict. 5.学会说“不”是设立界限的一种方式。 Learning to say “no” is one way to __________ __________. 【答案】1.set boundaries 2.personal boundaries 3.boundaries 4.boundaries 5.set boundaries 【知识梳理4】to be frank 说实话；坦率地说 【常用搭配】 to be frank with sb. 对某人坦率地说 to be frank about sth. 坦率谈论某事 frankly speaking 坦率地说 be frank and honest 坦率而诚实 【即学即练】 1. To be frank, I don’t agree _________ your opinion. 2. __________ __________, I feel uncomfortable with the decision. 3. 说实话，这段友谊让我感到压力。 __________ __________ __________, this friendship puts pressure on me. 4. To be frank, telling the truth is not always easy. （翻译）________________________________________ 5. 他坦率地表达了自己的想法。 He expressed his thoughts __________ __________. 【答案】1.with 2.To be frank 3.To be frank 4.说实话，说出真相并不总是容易的 5.frankly 【知识梳理5】过去分词作状语（-ed 形式作状语） 【知识拓展】 Troubled by… 因……而困扰 Shocked by… 因……而震惊 Confused about… 对……感到困惑 Influenced by… 受……影响 Encouraged by… 受到……鼓舞 【即学即练】 1. __________ (Trouble) by the lie, she began to doubt her friend. 2. __________ (Shock) by the truth, he couldn’t say a word. 3. 被朋友的话困扰，她选择了沉默。 __________ __________ her friend’s words, she chose to keep silent. 4. 完成作业后，他感到轻松多了。 __________ __________ the homework, he felt much more relaxed. 5. 用所给结构改写句子： Because he was confused, he asked the teacher for help. → __________ __________, he asked the teacher for help. 【答案】1. Troubled 2.Shocked 3.Troubled by 4.Finished with 5.Confused Part 2 Presenting ideas 【知识梳理1】the porcupine dilemma 【知识拓展】 the porcupine dilemma theory 豪猪困境理论 keep a proper distance 保持适当距离 balance closeness and distance 平衡亲密与距离 apply the porcupine dilemma 运用豪猪困境理论 【即学即练】 1. 豪猪困境强调人际关系中的__________ __________。 2. 太近或太远都会让人感到不舒服。 Being __________ __________ or too distant makes people uncomfortable. 3. 豪猪困境告诉我们要尊重他人的__________。 The porcupine dilemma teaches us to respect others’ __________. 4. 在友谊中找到合适的距离并不容易。 It is not easy to find __________ __________ in friendships. 5. 该寓言常用于解释人际交往中的矛盾。 The story is often used to explain __________ in relationships. 【答案】1.proper distance 2.too close 3.boundaries 4.a proper distance 5.conflicts 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.We’re going __________(dependent) from the university and setting up our own group. 【答案】independent 【解析】考查形容词。句意：我们将独立于大学，成立自己的小组。此处是“go+形容词”结构，go是系动词，形容词independent（独立的）作表语。故填independent。 2. _____(frank) speaking, he is not the suitable leader for the team. 【答案】Frankly 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：坦率地说，他不是这个团队合适的领导者。分析句子可知，旬中涉及固定短语"franklyspeaking”，意为“坦率地说”，故空格处应用“frank”的副词形式“frankly”，句首单词首字母大写。故填Frankly。 3.By this time, ________ (tear) were streaming down her face. 【答案】tears 【解析】考查名词。句意：这时，眼泪从她的脸上流了下来。空格处作主语，根据句意“眼泪”是tear，结合谓语动词werestreaming可知，应用名词的复数形式。故填tears。 4.Many students are supposed to behave honestly, which will not cause much ________ (embarrass) certainly. 【答案】embarrassment 【解析】考查名词。句意：许多学生应该诚实，这当然不会造成太大的难堪。此处应用名词embarrassment作宾语，为不可数名词，故填embarrassment. 5.Two hours ________(late), the ship sank(沉没). 【答案】later 【解析】考查副词。句意：两小时之后，船就沉没了。分析可知，空处表示“之后，随后”，用副词later，Twohourslater两小时之后。故填later。 6.Having stayed at home for a week, I can’t really justify ___________(take)another day off work. 【答案】taking 【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：在家里呆了一个星期，我实在无法再请一天假。短语takeadayof意为“请假”，空格前有动词justify，其后需接动名词作宾语，此处take需用taking。故填taking。 7.Nothing can persuade her ________（change）her mind once it is made up. 【答案】to change 【解析】考查不定式。句意：一旦下定决心，没有什么能说服她改变她的想法。短语persuade sb. to do sth.表示“劝某人做某事”。故填不定式to change，作宾补。故填to change。 8.Children should be made________(understand)the importance of saving water. 【答案】to understand 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：应该让孩子们了解节约用水的重要性。be made to do sth.意次“被要求做某事”，它是makesbdosth.的被动式，主动式省to，被动加to。故填to understand。 9.The district launched a campaign to find ways________(deal)with construction dust. 【答案】to deal 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：该地区发起了一场寻找处理建筑灰尘方法的运动。way“方式，方法”后常用不定式作后置定语，ways to do sth.意为“做某事的方法”。故填to deal。 10.Many streets________(flood), with water level rising by more than 1 meter in some sections. 【答案】were flooded 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：许多街道被洪水淹没，一些路段的水位上升超过1米。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语，动词flood表示“淹没”，与主语Many streets之间是动宾关系，因而需用被动语态，由句意可知应使用一般过去时，主语为复数形式。故填were flooded. 二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Knowing how valuable friendship is, we should be very careful in making friends. A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world 1 (walk) out. A real friend is someone 2 support we can count on. A real friend is someone who sees our true self, not just the face that we show to the world. Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us 3 (connect) are eating away at the meaning of friendship. We may be able to make many friends online, 4 these friendships can be quite shallow. Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love. Texting and messaging cannot take 5 place of face to face chatting. “ 6 (share)”our experiences on social media is not enough to express the 7 (value) which matter most to us. “Liking” our 8 (friend) photos online does not develop the connection which we share. To put it 9 (simple), to make friends a real part of our lives, we should put down our smartphones and meet them 10 person. 【答案】 【小题1】walks 【小题2】whose 【小题3】connected 【小题4】but 【小题5】the 【小题6】Sharing 【小题7】values 【小题8】friends' 【小题9】simply 【小题10】in 【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了我们要交真正的朋友，让我们保持联系的现代工具正在侵蚀友谊的意义，我们应该放下智能手机，和朋友面对面地交流。 【小题1】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：真正的朋友会在整个世界都离你远去的时候，仍与你在一起。空处应为时间状语从句的谓语，根据is和walks可知，此处描述—般事实，应用一般现在时，从句的主语为the rest of the world，主谓一致，故填walks。 【小题2】考查定语从句。句意：真正的朋友是我们可以依靠的人。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是someone，指人，在定语从句中作support的定语，用关系代词whose引导从句，在从句中作定语。故填whose。 【小题3】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，如今，让我们保持联系的现代工具正在侵蚀友谊的意义。定语从句的谓语是keep，且无连词，空处应用非谓语动词，connect与宾语us之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补。故填connected。 【小题4】考查连词。句意：我们也许可以在网上交到很多朋友，但这些友谊可能相当肤浅。根据前后两个分句存在转折关系，空处应用表示转折的并列连词but。故填but。 【小题5】考查冠词。句意：短信和留言信息不能代替面对面的聊天。taketheplaceof“代替”是固定短语。故填the。 【小题6】考查非谓语动词。句意：在社交媒体上“分享”我们的经历不足以表达对我们来说最重要的价值观。此处share用动名词形式作主语， 首字母大写。故填Sharing。 【小题7】考查名词。句意：在社交媒体上“分享”我们的经历不足以表达对我们来说最重要的价值观。该空为定语从句which matter most to us的先行词，从句主语which替代先行词，根据从句谓语复数形式可知，此处应为表示“价值观”的名词复数values，作主句的宾语。故填values. 【小题8】考查名词所有格。句意：在网上“点赞”朋友的照片并不能发展我们之间的联系。此处表示“朋友的“，且朋友不止一个，名词所有格friends’作定语，修饰名词photos。故填friends' 【小题9】考查副词。句意：简单地说，为了让朋友成为我们生活中真正的一部分，我们应该放下智能手机，亲自去见他们。修饰动词put应用副词simply作状语。故填simply。 【小题10】考查介词。句意：。句意：为了让朋友成为我们生活中真正的一部分，我们应该放下智能手机，亲自去见他们。in person“亲自”为固定短语，故填in。 三、阅读理解 After graduating from Ontario College of Teachers, I became a teacher at a one-room country school in Aldborough Township. That first day of school as a 19-year-old female teacher was a frightening experience. It was one thing to have graduated as a successful student; it was another thing to face a classroom of little faces that were waiting for the “new teacher”. I had a classroom of 21 children of different shapes and sizes. The youngest was five going on six and the eldest was 16. There were two doors for entrance in my school, one for the girls, one for the boys and just inside each door was a chemical toilet — no outdoor equipment for us! The heat in the building was a wood-burning furnace (火炉) down in the basement. Looking after the furnace was one of my responsibilities. Luckily, I knew a bit about starting a fire, so the school didn’t burn down. What I found most difficult was that a parent might take a child out of school for any reason. I had one Dutch family, whose father would keep the children out of school to help with the farm work. Finally, I got tired of this and sent an education officer to solve the problem. Needless to say, I was very unpopular with that father from then on, but the children came to school much more regularly! In the classroom, the older students helped the younger ones with learning, as well as with putting on coats and hats. If someone’s lunch was forgotten, everyone shared a bit of their food. We were a family. We had good times and bad times, but we kept learning. Far beyond maths, social studies, reading, grammar and writing, we learned how to get along with each other. I loved teaching at this small school and knew I was teaching the children about life as much as about subjects. I’d like to believe some students will have an effect on the world that will last long after I am gone. 1. Why did the writer feel her first day as a teacher frightening? A．There were so many students in the class. B．The situations were quite different. C．There was no outdoor equipment. D．The students were curious about her. 2. What do we know about the school? A．It was badly equipped. B．The playground was large. C．It was once damaged by a fire. D．The students were of similar age. 3. What was a headache for the writer? A．A Dutch family hated her. B．The students preferred farm work. C．The education officer offered little help. D．Some parents didn’t care about their children’s education. 4. What can be inferred from Paragraph 5? A．They cared about each other. B．They had an effect on the world. C．They laughed away bad times. D．They did well in almost every subject. 【答案】 【小题1】B 【小题2】A 【小题3】D 【小题4】A 【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者毕业后，到一所乡村学校教书的经历。 【小题1】细节理解题。根据文章第二段 “lt was one thing to have graduated as a successful student; it was another thing to face aclassroom of little faces that were waiting for the “new teacher" .（作为一名成功的学生毕业是一回事；面对一群等待“新老师”的小脸是另一回事。）”可知，作者第一天当老师感到害怕，是因为作者面临的情况和自己当学生时完全不同。故选B。 【小题2】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段 “There were two doors for entrance in my school, one for the girls, one for the boys and justinside each door was a chemical toilet — no outdoor equipment for us! The heat in the building was a wood-burning furnace （火炉）down in the basement.（我的学校有两扇门，一扇给女生，一扇给男生，每扇门里面都有一个化学厕所—我们没有户外设备！大楼里的暖气来自地下室的一个烧木头的炉子。）”可知，学校没有户外设备，暖气来自烧木头的炉子，学校里的设施比较落后。故选A。 【小题3】细节理解题。根据文章第四段 “What I found most difficult was that a parent might take a child out of school for any reason.（我发现最困难的是父母可能会以任何理由让孩子离开学校。）”可知，家长可能会让孩子辍学，说明让作者最头疼的是一些父母忽视孩子的教育。故选D。 【小题4】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段 "In the classroom, the older students helped the younger ones with learning, as well as with putting on coats and hats. If someone' s lunch was forgotten, everyone shared a bit of their food. We were a family. We had good times and bad times, but we kept learning.（在教室里，年长的学生帮助年幼的学生学习，以及穿上外套和帽子。如果某人的午餐被忘 记了，每个人都会分享一点他们的食物。我们是一家人。我们有过快乐的时光，也有过痛苦的时光，但我们一直在学习。）”可知，作者和学生们相互关心。故选A。 一、阅读理解 1 . Read the passage carefully and finish the tasks. Little White Lies 1 Written more than two hundred years ago, these lines by Walter Scott remain one of the most well-known excerpts of Scottish poetry: Oh, what a tangled web we weave, When first we practise to deceive! 2 We all know that honesty is an important value and that lying is wrong, but who can honestly say that they’ve never told a lie? Perhaps we comfort ourselves with the knowledge that most of the lies we tell are “white lies”: little lies that we tell to protect others from the truth. 3 We’ve all surely had the experience of someone cooking a meal for us that we don’t like. The majority of us of course don’t tell the truth-we lie and say that the food is “delicious”. 4 Or if a friend asks us what we think of their new haircut, we say “It’s great!”, even if we think it’s awful. But to what extent can we justify telling white lies like these? 5 One of the main reasons for telling a white lie is to try to make others feel better. However, when we lie and say that someone’s haircut looks good, or when we say that we love a meal that we secretly hate, are we really hoping to improve the situation for someone else? Perhaps we are in fact lying to protect ourselves from the disappointment and anger of others. 6 Another reason for telling a white lie is to give encouragement. Say for example that your friend asks you what you think of his singing. You of course say that it’s wonderful, despite secretly thinking that your cat can sing better. Stop for a moment and consider that perhaps your friend wants some frank comments from you so that they can improve. Or perhaps, they need to know that they should look for a different hobby. 7 Finally, we may also tell a white lie when we want to protect others from bad news. If you’ve had a bad day, do you tell your parents about it, or do you hide your tears and lie that your day was “fine”? If the latter, don’t you think your parents would want to listen to you and understand your feelings? Wouldn’t it be better to respect their concern for you and ask for their advice? 8 Going back to Walter Scott’s lines, we may find even white lies have results we cannot know in advance. Perhaps the meal you said was “delicious” will be served every time you visit. Would your friend trust your opinion again if he found out you had lied about his “wonderful” singing? How would you expect others to truly understand your emotions if you only shared good news instead of bad? Moreover, how would you feel if you discovered that the people closest to you had been hiding the truth from you? 1. Read the passage and find out the meaning of “white lies”. 2. Read the passage and match each paragraph with its main idea. a Tell white lies to make others feel good b Another example of white lies c A poem about lies d An example of white lies e Telling white lies is to give encouragement f Tell white lies to protect others from bad news g Definition of white lies h Conclusion: unpredictable results of telling white lies Para.1 ________ Para.2 ________ Para.3 ________ Para.4 ________ Para.5 ________ Para.6 ________ Para.7 ________ Para.8 ________ 3. Read the passage and divide it into three parts. Introduction _____________ _____________ _____________ Main body _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ Conclusion _____________ 4. Complete the diagram with information from the passage. Introduction We know lying is wrong, so why do we tell white lies? Main body Reason 1 To make others _______________ Example (s) Someone’s cooking _______________ Someone’s haircut 3 _______________ Analysis Perhaps we lie to protect ourselves ______________ Reason 2 ____________ Example (s) _____________ Analysis Perhaps your friend wants _____________ Perhaps they need to know _____________ Reason 3 _____________ Example (s) ____________ Analysis Perhaps your parents ______________ Conclusion Even white lies may have results we cannot predict. So _______________ 【答案】 【小题1】White lies are little lies that we tell to protect others from the truth. 【小题2】c g d b a e f h 【小题3】 Para.1-2 Introduce the topic by quoting a poem Put forward the argument Para 3-7 Reason 1 (3-5) Reason 2 (6) Reason 3 (7) Para. 8 【小题4】 feel perter a meal for us that we don't like. The majority of us don't tell the truth — we lie and say that the food is delicious is awful, but we say "It' s great!" from the disappointment and anger of others To give encouragement you say your friend's singing is wonderful, despite secretly thinking that your cat can sing better some frank comments from you so that they can improve that they should look for a different hobby To protect others from bad news You've had a bad day, but you hide your tears and lie to your parents that your day was "fine." would want to listen to you and understand your feelings we should not tell lies even if they are white lies. Honesty is an important value and lying is wrong 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了白色谎言的原因和影响。 【小题1】 细节理解题。根据第二段 “Perhaps we comfort ourselves with the knowledge that most of the lies we tell are “white lies"：little lies that we tell to protect others from the truth.（也许我们安慰自己，因为我们说的大多数谎言都是“善意的谎言”：我们说的小谎言是为了保护他人免受真相的伤害）”可知，善意的谎言指的是为了保护他人而编的小谎言。故答案为White lies are little lies that we tell to protect others from the truth. 【小题2】 主旨大意题。 1.根据第一段 “Written more than two hundred years ago, these lines by Walter Scott remain one of the mostwell-known excerpts of Scottish poetry （沃尔特：斯科特的这些诗句写于200多年前，至今仍是苏格兰诗歌中最著名的摘录之一：）”可知，本段主要介绍了一首关于谎言的诗。故选c。 2.根据第二段 “Perhaps we comfort ourselves with the knowledge that most of the lies we tell are "white lies" ： little lies that we tellto protect others from the truth.（也许我们安慰自己，因为我们说的大多数谎言都是“善意的谎言”：我们说的小谎言是为了保护他人免受真相的伤害）”可知，本段主要介绍了善意的谎言的含义。故选g。 3.根据第三段“We ve all surely had the experience of someone cooking a meal for us that we don' tlike.（我们都有过这样的经历：有人为我们做了一顿我们不喜欢的饭）”可知，本段主要介绍了善意谎言的一个例子。故选d。 4.根据第四段 "Orif a friend asks us what we think of their new haircut, we say "It' s great！"， even if we think it' s awful. （或者，如果朋友问我们对他们的新发型有什么看法，我们会说“太棒了！”，即使我们认为它很糟糕）”可知，本段主要介绍了善意谎言的另一个例子。 故选b。 5.根据第五段 "One of the main reasons for telling a white lie is to try to make others feel better.（撒善意谎言的主要原因之一是试图让别人感觉好些）”可知，本段主要介绍了说善意的谎言是为了让别人感觉良好。故选a。 6.根据第六段 “Another reason for telling a white lie is to give encouragement.（说善意谎言的另一个原因是给予鼓励）”可知，本段主要介绍了说善意的谎言是为了给予鼓励。故选e。 7.根据第七段 "Finally, we may also tell a white lie when we want to protect others from bad news.（最后，当我们想保护别人免受坏消息的影响时，我们也可能撒善意的谎言）”可知，本段主要介绍了说善意的谎言是为了保护他人免受坏消息的伤害。故选f。 8.根据第八段 “Going back to Walter Scott' s lines, we may find even white lies have results we cannot know in advance.（回到沃尔特斯科特的诗句，我们可能会发现，即使是善意的谎言也会产生我们无法提前知道的结果j〞可知，本段给出结论：撒善意谎言的结果难以预料。故选h。 【小题3】篇章结构题。 根据第一段 "Written more than two hundred years ago, these lines by Walter Scott remain one of the most well-known excerpts ofScottish poetry（沃尔特.斯科特的这些诗句写于200多年前，至今仍是苏格兰诗歌中最著名的摘录之一：）”以及第二段 “Perhaps we comfortourselves with the knowledge that most of the lies we tell are "white lies” ： little lies that we tell to protect others from the truth.（也许我们安慰自己，因为我们说的大多数谎言都是“善意的谎言”：我们说的小谎言是为了保护他人免受真相的伤害）”可知，前两段作为介绍部分，引用一首诗来引入主题，并提出论点。故答案为①Para.1-2， ②Introduce the topic by quoting a poem， ③Put forward the argument. 根据第三段"We' ve all surely had the experience of someone cooking a meal for us that we don' tlike. （我们都有过这样的经历：有人为我们做了一顿我们不喜欢的饭）”、第四段 "Orif a friend asks us what we think of their new haircut, we say "l' sgreat！"， even ifwe think it' sawful.（或者，如果朋友问我们对他们的新发型有什么看法，我们会说“太棒了！”，即使我们认为它很糟糕）”、第五段“Oneof the main reasons for telling a white lie is to try to make others feel better.（撒善意谎言的主要原因之一是试图让别人感觉好些）”、第六段 “Another reason for telling a white lie is to give encouragement.（说善意谎言的另一个原因是给予鼓励）”以及第七段“Finally, wemay also tell a white lie when we want to protect others from bad news.（最后，当我们想保护别人免受坏消息的影响时，我们也可能撒善意的谎言）”可知，第三段到第七段作为文章的主体部分，介绍了撒善意谎言的原因，其中第三段到第五段举例井说明撒善意谎言的主要原因之一是试图让别人感觉好些，作为第一种原因；第六段说明说善意的谎言是为了给予鼓励，作为第二种原因；第七段说明说善意的谎言是为了保护他人免受坏消息的伤害，作为第三种原因。故答案为④Para 3-7， ⑤Reason 1 （3-5）， ⑥Reason 2 （6）， ⑦Reason 3（7）. 根据第八段 "Going back to Walter Scott s lines, we may find even white lies have results we cannot know in advance.（回到沃尔特-斯科特的诗句，我们可能会发现，即使是善意的谎言也会产生我们无法提前知道的结果）”可知，本段给出结论：撤善意谎言的结果难以预料。 故答案为⑧Para.8， 【小题4】考查细节理解。 根据第三段 "We' ve all surely had the experience of someone cooking a meal for us that we don' t like. The majority of us of course don' ttell the truth-we lie and say that the food is "delicious” .（我们都有过这样的经历：有人为我们做了一顿我们不喜欢的饭。当然，我们大多数人不会说实话，我们撒谎说食物“美味”）”、第四段 "Or if a friend asks us what we think of their new haircut, we say"t sgreat！”，even if we think it' sawful.（或者，如果朋友问我们对他们的新发型有什么看法，我们会说“太棒了！”，即使我们认为它很糟糕）”以及第五段 "One of the main reasons for telling a white lie is to try to make others feel better. However, when we lie and say that someone's haircut looks good, or when we say that we love a meal that we secretly hate, are we really hoping to improve the situation for someone else? Perhaps we are in fact lying to protect ourselves from the disappointment and anger of others. (善意谎言的主要原因之一是试图让别人感觉好些。然而，当我们撒谎说某人的发型很好看，或者当我们说我们喜欢一顿我们偷偷讨厌的饭时，我们真的希望改善别人的处境吗？也许我们实际上是在撒谎，以保护自己免受他人的失望和愤怒）”可知，撒善意谎言的主要原因之一是试图让别人感觉好些，并举了两个例子进行说明，有人为我们做了一顿我们不喜欢的饭。当然，我们大多数人不会说实话，我们撒谎说食物“美味”；以及某人的新发型很槽糕，但是我们会说 “太棒了！”，这是为了保护自己免受他人的失望和愤怒。故答案为①feel better， ②a meal for us thatwe don' tlike. The majority of us don' t tell the truth—we lie and say that the food is delicious， ③is awful, but we say "lt sgreat!", ©from the disappointment and anger of others. 根据第六段 "Another reason for telling a white lie is to give encouragement. Say for example that your friend asks you what youthink of his singing. You of course say that it' s wonderful, despite secretly thinking that your cat can sing better. Stop for amoment and consider that perhaps your friend wants some frank comments from you so that they can improve. Or perhaps, theyneed to know that they should look for a different hobby.（说善意谎言的另一个原因是给予鼓励，比如说，你的朋友问你对他的歌声有什么看法。你当然会说这很棒，尽管你私下里认为你的猫会唱得更好，信下来相一規，也许你的朋方相从你那里得到一些坦率的评论，这样他们才能有所改进。或者，他们需要知道他们应该寻找一个不同的爱好）”可知，说善意谎言的另一个原因是给予鼓励，你会说你朋友的歌声很美妙，尽管你心里觉得你的猫唱得更好，可能你的朋友想要你的一些坦率的评论以便改进，或者他们需要知道他们应该寻找一个不同的爱好。故答案为⑤To give encouragement, ⑥you say your friend's singing is wonderful, despite secretly thinking that your cat can sing better, ⑦some frank comments from you so that they can improve, &that they should look for a different hobby. tHesE "Finally, we may also tell a white lie when we want to protect others from bad news. If you' ve had a bad day, do you tell your parents about it, or do you hide your tears and lie that your day was "fine"? If the latter, don' t you think your parents would want to listen to you and understand your feelings? Wouldn' tit be better to respect their concern for you and ask for theiradvice？（最后，当我们想保护别人免受坏消息的影响时，我们也可能撤善意的谎言。如果你今天过得不好，你会告诉你的父母吗，或者你会掩饰眼泪，撒谎说你的一天“很好“吗？如果是后者，你不觉得你的父母会想听你的话，理解你的感受吗？尊重他们对你的关心并征求他们的意见，不是更好吗？j”可知，撒善意的谎言的原因是保护别人免受坏消息的影响，并举例进行说明，你今天过得很糟糕，但你忍住眼泪，对父母撒谎说你的一天“很好”，可能你的父母想听听你的意见，了解你的感受。故答案为⑨To protect others from bad news， ⑩You' ve had a badday, but you hide your tears and lie to your parents that your day was "fine" ， gowould want to listen to you and understand yourfeelinqs。 根据第八段 "Going back to Walter Scott's lines, we may find even white lies have results we cannot know in advance. Perhaps the meal you said was "delicious" will be served every time you visit. Would your friend trust your opinion again if he found out you had lied about his "wonderful" singing? How would you expect others to truly understand your emotions if you only shared good news instead of bad? Moreover, how would you feel if you discovered that the people closest to you had been hiding the truth fromyou？（回到沃尔特•斯科特的诗句，我们可能会发现，即使是善意的谎言也会产生我们无法提前知道的结果。也许你说的“美味”的饭菜会 在你每次来的时候提供。如果你的朋友发现你对他的“美妙”歌声撒了谎，他会再次相信你的意见吗？如果你只分享好消息而不是坏消息，你怎 么能指望别人真正理解你的情绪呢？此外，如果你发现最亲近的人一直在向你隐瞒真相，你会有什么感觉？）”可知，即使是善意的谎言也会产 牛我们天法提前知道的结果。所以，即使旱盖意的谎言我们中不应该撒谎，诚立具重要的价值观，撒谎错误的，故答案为we should not lies even if they are white lies.Honesty is an important value and lying is wrong。 二、思维提升-观点分享 Share your opinions on white lies and personal boundaries. 1. Think of one situation where a white lie may be acceptable and one where it may be harmful. 2. Prepare a short presentation about how to keep a proper distance in relationships, then practise with your partner. 【答案】 Situation where a white lie may be acceptable A white lie may be acceptable when it helps protect someone’s feelings, such as encouraging a friend who feels disappointed. Situation where a white lie may be harmful A white lie may be harmful when it hides an important truth, because it can lead to misunderstanding and loss of trust. Presentation example In relationships, keeping a proper distance is important. Being too close may hurt others, while being too distant may cause misunderstanding. We should be honest but also respect personal boundaries. 三、思维提升-书面表达 本作业二选一，为分层作业，难度有所区别。基础一般的同学可以选择作业1，基础较好的同学可以选择作业2。 写作情境 假使你是李华，你的外国朋友Jack在与同学相处时感到困惑。他不知道是否应该说white lies，也不知道如何在友谊中保持合适的personal boundaries。请你根据本课所学内容给他一些建议。 写作要点 ① white lies 可能带来的影响 ② 如何在诚实与尊重他人感受之间取得平衡 ③ 如何理解并运用 “proper distance” 二选一 1. 写三条建议 要求： 至少使用本课中5 个单词或短语 语言准确，表达清楚 2.写一封完整的建议信 1.【参考答案】 1. White lies may protect others’ feelings, but they should not be used to deceive people. 2. Setting boundaries helps build healthy relationships and avoid unnecessary conflict. 3. Being honest with kindness is the best way to keep trust in friendships. 2.【参考范文】 Dear Jack, I understand that you are confused about whether to tell white lies and how to keep a proper distance in friendships. White lies may sometimes help protect others’ feelings, but they can also cause misunderstanding if used too often. According to the porcupine dilemma, people need warmth from relationships, but being too close may hurt others. Therefore, it is important to respect personal boundaries while staying honest. I hope my advice will help you deal with relationships more wisely. Best regards, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $