精品解析：安徽黄山市屯溪第一中学2025-2026学年高二上学期10月教学质量监测英语试题

高二上学期10月教学质量监测 英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1．What time is it now? A．7:30 p.m. B．8:00 p.m. C．8:30 p.m. 2．What are the speakers talking about? A．How to preserve strawberries. B．Where to buy strawberries C．How to wash strawberries. 3．What was Becky doing when a car crashed into her house? A．Doing the gardening. B．Eating dinner. C．Doing the cleaning. 4．What caused Matthew’s cough? A．The flu. B．The season. C．The cold wind. 5．What does the woman mean? A．She has no time for dinner. B．She forgot the wedding anniversary. C．She wants to eat something different. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7小题。 6．Why is Dylan displeased with Ellie? A．She didn’t finish her work. B．She uses too much perfume. C．She speaks too loud in the office. 7．What does the man think of the manager’s solution? A．Disapproving. B．Sympathetic. C．Understanding. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。 8．What color of motorcycle does the man want? A．A blue one. B．A yellow one. C．A black one. 9．When did the basketball match start? A．One year ago. B．Two years ago. C．Five years ago. 10．What will the speakers do next? A．Buy tickets. B．Buy snacks. C．Buy a motorcycle. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。 11．What will the man do this weekend? A．Accompany his sister to the dentist’s. B．Go to hospital to visit his sister. C．Watch a game with his sister. 12．What is the man’s favorite sport? A．Baseball. B．Football. C．Ice hockey. 13．Who is the woman? A．A player. B．A dentist. C．A student. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。 14．When will the speakers watch the movie? A．At 10:45 a.m. B．At 2:30 p.m. C．At 5:45 p.m. 15．What will the speakers do after watching the movie? A．Visit Zoe. B．Eat hamburgers. C．Go to Mia’s. 16．What do we know about Zoe? A．She will graduate next week. B．She doesn’t like children. C．She wants to be a teacher. 17．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Friends. B．Brother and sister. C．Teacher and student. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。 18．What made the monkey find the stone unusual? A．Its shape. B．Its size. C．Its color. 19．Why does the monkey ask the crocodile to open the mouth? A．To let the crocodile eat him. B．To hit the crocodile’s head. C．To cross the river. 20．What can we say about the crocodile? A．Stupid. B．Lazy. C．Stubborn. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Self-driving Capabilities Sensor and camera-equipped models from Audi and Volkswagen, among others, don’t just automatically brake to prevent minor accidents; they can actually navigate (行驶) around highway traffic and into garages without a human at the wheel. Attractive Dashboards In addition to Ford’s new Sync system, which better understands voice commands, Apple and Google have partnered with automakers to create interfaces (界面) as user-friendly as the ones on your smartphone. Smarter Headlights Audi’s and BMW’s ultra-bright laser headlights can detect oncoming cars and dim slightly to avoid disturbing their drivers. One problem: they’re not yet legal in the U.S. Self-parking Skills The new model of BMW’s all-electric i3 can find its own spot in a parking lot, then send signals via a smart-watch app to contact its drivers. 1. In terms of Self-driving Capabilities, what makes Audi and Volkswagen stand out? A. Braking when sensing red lights. B. Going into garages without a driver. C. Stopping other cars on highway. D. Taking photos with a camera. 2. Which of the cars can adjust the headlights in order not to upset drivers in oncoming cars? A. Ford and Volkswagen. B. Audi and BMW. C. Audi and Volkswagen. D. BMW and Ford. 3. In which section of a car magazine does the article most probably appear? A. First Drive. B. Motoring News. C. Instrumental Tests. D. Smart Tech. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些比较先进的汽车智能设备以及无人驾驶技术。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一幅图中的“they can actually navigate (行驶) around highway traffic and into garages without a human at the wheel.(它们确实能够在无需人类驾驶员操控方向盘的情况下，在高速公路车流中行驶并驶入车库)”可知，这些汽车可以在无驾驶员的情况下在高速路上行驶，并且可以停进车库。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三幅图“Audi’s and BMW’s ultra-bright laser headlights can detect oncoming cars and dim slightly to avoid disturbing their drivers.(奥迪和宝马的超亮激光头灯可以探测到迎面来的汽车，并可以变暗以避免打扰其他司机)”可知，奥迪和宝马可以调节车灯以免影响对面车辆驾驶员。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。本文分别介绍了无人驾驶技术，智能手机操控汽车仪表盘，智能汽车灯光调节，自动停车入库技术，全部都是与汽车的先进科技有关。由此推知，本文最可能出现在汽车杂志的智能科技版块。故选D。 B At 45, I noticed my first gray hairs, and my hairdresser claimed she had a special elixir (灵丹妙药) to naturally and almost undetectably mask them. Unsure whether to start this operation, I studied my reflection, realizing the gray was more widespread than I had admitted. Instead of merely threading between darker hairs, the gray had taken over large sections of my head, particularly on the sides and back. “I suggest we leave some in,” my hairdresser proposed, “just enough to make you look distinguished.” I nodded, but the word “distinguished” felt like a polite synonym for “old”. For seven years, I followed this monthly ritual, each time hoping to hide the gray, though my wife insisted that gray hair looked great on men my age, pointing to silver-haired celebrities like George Clooney and Anderson Cooper. They were silver foxes, and I envied their confident acceptance of their aging looks. One afternoon, my wife broke her silence, telling me my hair had turned green from the dye. She suggested I let my natural gray come through. In an attempt to accept this change, I visited a beauty shop in Missoula, Montana. The stylist advised me to shave it off. Week by week, my gray hair grew back, forcing me to face up to my aging appearance with a new clarity. The final push came at a New York City sandwich shop. After taking my order, one of the girls behind the counter asked if she could ask me something. The girl, who appeared to be 18 or so, followed with something like: “It’s not that I think you look old or anything, but when was doo-wop? Do you remember? Doo-wop music? When was that? The’ 50s? The’ 40s?” “Late’50s, early’60s,” I said coolly. Did the girl really think that I’d been on the scene then, or did she merely find me professional, a man who appeared to be rich in general knowledge? “That must have been so cool,” she said. “Walking around hearing singing on all the corners!” I suddenly found my gray hair was nothing bad. Interestingly, I’ve never dyed my hair since then. Now, I have grown comfortable with my gray hair. On good days, I even feel a bit like those silver-haired celebrities. However, I still avoid my old hairdresser, not wanting to confront the failure of our shared secret. Instead, I accept my silver hair as part of who I am. 4. What does the writer’ wife think of his gray hair? A. She believes it makes him look great. B. She suggests he should dye it a different color. C. She thinks it distinguishes him from celebrities. D. She criticizes his decision to stop dyeing his hair. 5. The word “synonym”(paragraph 2)is closest in meaning to ______. A. opposite B. equivalent C. pretense D. behavior 6. How did the girl in the sandwich shop affect the writer? A. She complimented his gray hair, boosting his self-confidence greatly. B. She mentioned an old type of music, trying to check his age. C. She asked him a question, making him feel good about himself. D. She recommended a regular hair dye, influencing his decision to change his hair color. 7. What is the passage mainly about? A. The writer’s journey towards accepting his natural gray hair. B. The writer’s struggle with maintaining his hairstyle over years. C. The writer’s experience with different hairdressers and their advice. D. The writer’s admiration for silver-haired celebrities like George Clooney. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。45岁时作者发现白发，染了七年后头发变绿，妻子建议自然生长，后因女孩询问老歌年代释然，不再染发。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“For seven years, I followed this monthly ritual, each time hoping to hide the gray, though my wife insisted that gray hair looked great on men my age, pointing to silver-haired celebrities like George Clooney and Anderson Cooper. They were silver foxes, and I envied their confident acceptance of their aging looks.(七年来，我每月都坚持这个习惯，每次都希望能掩盖白发，尽管妻子坚持认为白发在我这个年纪的男人身上很好看，还指着乔治·克鲁尼和安德森·库珀等银发名人为例。他们是魅力十足的银发男士，我羡慕他们能自信地接受自己衰老的模样)”可知，作者的妻子认为作者的白发让他看起来很帅气。故选A。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文““I suggest we leave some in,” my hairdresser proposed, “just enough to make you look distinguished.”(“我建议咱们留一些白发，” 我的理发师提议道，“白发刚好能让你显得有格调”)”以及“I nodded, but the word “distinguished” felt like a polite(我点了点头，但“格调”这个词听起来就像是……)”可知，发型师建议作者留一些白发，看起来更加有“格调”，但作者认为“格调”这个词就等同于“年长”的意思。故划线词意思是“相等的”。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“The final push came at a New York City sandwich shop. After taking my order, one of the girls behind the counter asked if she could ask me something. The girl, who appeared to be 18 or so, followed with something like: “It’s not that I think you look old or anything, but when was doo-wop? Do you remember? Doo-wop music? When was that? The’ 50s? The’ 40s?”(最后的契机出现在纽约市一家三明治店里。当我点完单后，柜台后的一个女孩问能不能请教我一个问题。这个看上去十八九岁的姑娘接着说道：“倒不是说觉得您显老什么的，就是想问问嘟・喔普音乐是什么时候的？您还记得吗？嘟・喔普音乐啊，那是啥时候的？五十年代？还是四十年代？)”以及倒数第二段““That must have been so cool,” she said. “Walking around hearing singing on all the corners!” I suddenly found my gray hair was nothing bad. Interestingly, I’ve never dyed my hair since then.(“那一定很酷，”她说。“四处走动，到处都能听到歌声！”我突然发现我的白发并没有什么不好。有趣的是，从那以后我再也没有染过头发)”可知，在那家三明治店里的那个女孩向作者提了一个问题，这让作者感到自己很出色。故选C。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Instead, I accept my silver hair as part of who I am.(相反，我接受自己银色的头发，把它当作自己的一部分)”结合文章讲述了45岁时作者发现白发，染了七年后头发变绿，妻子建议自然生长，后因女孩询问老歌年代释然，不再染发。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是作者逐渐接受自己天生灰白头发的过程。故选A。 C About a quarter of the world drives on the left, and the countries that do so are mostly old British colonies like Australia, and Ireland. But Thailand, Indonesia and Japan have also developed this habit. This strange quirk puzzles the rest of the world; however, there is a perfectly good reason. Up to the late 1700s, everybody travelled on the left side of the road because it is the sensible option for violent, feudal societies of mostly right-handed people. Soldiers with their swords under their right arms naturally passed on each other’s right, and if you passed a stranger on the road, you walked on the left to ensure that your protective sword arm was between you and him. Revolutionary France, however, did away with this practice as part of its sweeping social rethink, and thanks to Napoleon, this change was carried out all over continental Europe. Because he was left-handed, his armies had to march on the right so he could keep his sword arm between him and any opponent. From then on, any country colonized by the French took to driving on the right. After the American Revolutionary War (1775 — 1783), the US became independent and decided to make traffic drive on the right in order to cut all remaining links to its British colonial past. Once America became the center of the car industry, if you wanted a good reliable vehicle, you bought American right-hand-drive. From then on, many countries changed out of necessity. Today, the EU would like Britain to fall into line with the rest of Europe, but this is no longer possible. It would cost billions of pounds to change everything round. The last European country to convert to driving on the right was Sweden in 1967. This ironically caused a reduction in car accidents because everyone drove carefully while getting used to the new system. 8. Why did people travel on the left before the late 18th century? A. They were required to do so. B. They were mostly left-landed. C. It was easier to cross the street. D. They could feel safer from attacks. 9. What was Napoleon’s attitude about walking on the left? A. Support. B. Disapproval. C. Doubt. D. Indifference. 10. For Americans, driving on the right was a way to show ______. A. the connection with France was broken B. the US was no longer ruled by the UK C. the American Revolution War had ended D. America was the center of the car industry 11. What is the main reason for UK’s resistance to the European system? A. It would cost too much to change. B. Its increasing traffic accidents. C. Its influence on colonies. D. Its fast-developing car industry. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一些国家靠左侧行走的原因及部分国家后来改变这一传统的原因和过程。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Up to the late 1700s, everybody travelled on the left side of the road because it is the sensible option for violent, feudal societies of mostly right-handed people. Soldiers with their swords under their right arms naturally passed on each other’s right, and if you passed a stranger on the road, you walked on the left to ensure that your protective sword arm was between you and him.(直到18世纪晚期，每个人都在道路的左侧行驶，因为在暴力的封建社会，这是一个明智的选择，大多数人都是右撇子。将剑夹在右胳膊下的士兵自然会互相交叉，如果你在路上经过一个陌生人，你要走在左边，以确保你的保护性剑臂在你和他之间)”可知，当时人们靠左侧走是因为感觉更安全，故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Revolutionary France, however, did away with this practice as part of its sweeping social rethink, and thanks to Napoleon, this change was carried out all over continental Europe. Because he was left-handed, his armies had to march on the right so he could keep his sword arm between him and any opponent. From then on, any country colonized by the French took to driving on the right.(然而，大革命后的法国，作为其全面社会反思的一部分，废除了这种做法，多亏了拿破仑，这种变化在整个欧洲大陆进行。因为他是左撇子，他的军队必须向右行进，这样他就能保持他的剑臂与任何对手之间的距离。从那时起，任何被法国殖民的国家都习惯了靠右行驶)”可推知，拿破仑推行向右行驶，他对靠左侧走是不赞成的，故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“After the American Revolutionary War (1775 — 1783), the US became independent and decided to make traffic drive on the right in order to cut all remaining links to its British colonial past.(美国独立战争（1775 — 1783）后，美国独立了，为了切断所有与英国殖民时期的联系，美国决定让车辆靠右行驶)”可知，美国改变英国传统是想摆脱与英国的联系，表示不再受英国统治，故选B。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Today, the EU would like Britain to fall into line with the rest of Europe, but this is no longer possible. It would cost billions of pounds to change everything round.(如今，欧盟希望英国与欧洲其他国家保持一致，但这已不再可能。改变一切将花费数十亿英镑)”可知，英国没有采用右侧走是因为花费太高，故选A。 D Most damagingly, anger weakens a person’s ability to think clearly and keep control over his behaviour. The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance of the person or situation that arouses his anger. Not everyone experiences anger in the same way; what angers one person may amuse another. The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated. We no longer regard duels (决斗) as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one person’s awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another. Anger can be identified in the brain, where the electrical activity changes. Under most conditions EEG (脑电图) measures of electrical activity show balanced activity between the right and left prefrontal (额叶前部) areas. Behaviourally this corresponds to the general even-handed disposition (意向) that most of us possess most of the time. But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren’t balanced and, as a result of this, we’re likely to react. And our behavioural response to anger is different from our response to other emotions, whether positive or negative. Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour: we move closer to people we like. Most negative emotions, in contrast, are associated with avoidance behaviour: we move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious. But anger is an exception to this pattern. The angrier we are, the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as of offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. This approach-and-confront behaviour is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal asymmetry (不对称) of EEG activity. Interestingly, this asymmetry lessens if the angry person can experience empathy (同感) towards the individual who is bringing forth the angry response. In defensive anger, in contrast, the EEG asymmetry is directed to the right and the angry person feels helpless in the face of the anger-inspiring situation. 12. The “duels” example in Paragraph 2 proves that the expression of anger ________. A. usually has a biological basis B. varies among people C. is socially and culturally shaped D. influences one’s thinking and evaluation 13. What changes can be found in an angry brain? A. Balanced electrical activity can be spotted. B. Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas. C. Electrical activity corresponds to one’s behaviour. D. Electrical activity agrees with one’s disposition. 14. Which of the following is typical of offensive anger? A. Approaching the source of anger. B. Trying to control what is disliked. C. Moving away from what is disliked. D. Feeling helpless in the face of anger. 15. What is the key message of the last paragraph? A. How anger differs from other emotions. B. How anger relates to other emotions. C. Behavioural responses to anger. D. Behavioural patterns of anger. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了愤怒的危害和人在愤怒时脑电波的活动，并且最后详细阐述了进攻性愤怒和防守型愤怒的表现形式。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated. We no longer regard duels (决斗) as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one person’s awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another. ”（愤怒的具体表达方式也因生物和文化因素而因人而异。在当代文化中，愤怒的肢体表达通常被认为对社会太有害，不能容忍。我们不再使用决斗来表达愤怒，是因为人们意识到这是对他人的侮辱行为。）可推断出，愤怒的表现形式受社会和文化的影响。所以C项“is socially and culturally shaped”（是社会和文化塑造的）符合题意。故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren’t balanced and, as a result of this, we’re likely to react. ”（但当我们生气时，左右前额叶区域的脑电图显示不平衡，因此，我们很可能会做出反应。）可知，人在生气的时候，大脑的额叶前部区域发现不平衡的图案。所以B项“Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas. ”（不平衡模式出现在前额叶区域。）符合题意。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“The angrier we are, the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. ”（我们越生气，就越有可能朝着我们愤怒的目标前进。这与心理学家所说的攻击性愤怒是一致的：愤怒的人靠得更近，是为了影响和控制引起他愤怒的人或情况。）可知，进攻性愤怒的特点是：我们越生气，就越想接近激怒我们的那个生气对象。所以A项“Approaching the source of anger. ”（接近愤怒的源头。）符合题意。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章最后一段主要说明了offensive anger（进攻性生气）和defensive anger（防御性生气）两种不同的生气形式。所以D项“ Behavioural patterns of anger”（愤怒的行为模式。）符合题意。故选D项。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Is there a link between social media and depression? ___16___ It’s complicated. Sometimes, looking through Instagram just makes you feel bad. You try not to envy your friends, but they always seem to be traveling somewhere cool, eating something fancy, or looking cute in perfect just- rolled- out- of- bed hair. ___17___ Clearly, social media isn’t all bad. ___18___ Things like cyberbullying (网上欺凌), screen addiction, and being exposed to endless filtered images (美颜) that make it impossible not to make comparisons between yourself and others often make the news. In July, a big study came out in the journal JAMA titled “Association of Screen Time and Depression in Adolescence.” This big headline seems to confirm what a lot of people have been saying — ___19___ The study followed over 3,800 adolescents over four years as part of a drug and alcohol prevention program. Part of what the investigators measured was the teens’ amount of screen time, including time spent on social media, as well as their levels of depression symptoms. ___20___ That was true both when the researches compared between people and compared each person against their own mental health over time. A. Screen time is horrible for young people. B. Is there anyone in your family who uses stamps? C. Social media is a valuable way to cope with stress. D. Do Facebook and Instagram have a negative impact on your mental health? E. There are also times when you laugh at funny memes and catch up with old friends. F. They found those who used social media more had higher depression scores. G. However, people are increasingly suspecting the potential problems of social media. 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. G 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项最新研究，研究人员比较了青少年之间的社交媒体使用和抑郁状况，分析了社交媒体和抑郁症之间是否有联系，是否对心理健康产生负面影响。 【16题详解】 上文“Is there a link between social media and depression?(社交媒体和抑郁症之间有联系吗?)”提出了社交媒体和心理健康之间的疑问，选项D中mental health是关键词，与上文呼应，所以D选项“Facebook和Instagram对你的心理健康有负面影响吗?”承接上文，符合语境。故选D项。 【17题详解】 上文“Sometimes, looking through Instagram just makes you feel bad. You try not to envy your friends, but they always seem to be traveling somewhere cool, eating something fancy, or looking cute in perfect just- rolled- out- of- bed hair. (有时候，浏览Instagram只会让你感觉很糟糕。你试着不去羡慕你的朋友，但他们似乎总是去了很酷的地方，吃了很好吃的东西，或者看起来很可爱，头发刚从床上滚下来。)”提到了社交媒体的糟糕情况，下文“Clearly, social media isn’t all bad.(显然，社交媒体并不全是坏事。)”有转折意思，所以E选项“有时你也会因为有趣的表情包而大笑，并与老朋友聊天。”和上文构成转折关系，且承接下文，符合语境。故选E项。 【18题详解】 下文“Things like cyberbullying (网上欺凌), screen addiction, and being exposed to endless filtered images (美颜) that make it impossible not to make comparisons between yourself and others often make the news.(诸如网络欺凌、屏幕成瘾、以及暴露在无尽的过滤图像中，使你不可能不把自己和他人进行比较，这些事情经常成为新闻。)”提到了社交媒体存在的一些问题，选项G中problems是关键词，与下文呼应，所以G选项“然而，人们越来越怀疑社交媒体的潜在问题。”能引起下文内容，符合语境。故选G项。 【19题详解】 上文“In July, a big study came out in the journal JAMA titled “Association of Screen Time and Depression in Adolescence.”(今年7月，《美国医学会杂志》(JAMA)发表了一项名为“青少年看屏幕时间与抑郁之间的关系”的大型研究。) ”提到了屏幕时间，选项A中Screen time是关键词，与上文构成顺承关系，所以A选项“屏幕时间对年轻人来说是可怕的。”符合语境。故选A项。 【20题详解】 上文“Part of what the investigators measured was the teens’ amount of screen time, including time spent on social media, as well as their levels of depression symptoms.(调查人员测量的部分内容是青少年看屏幕的时间，包括花在社交媒体上的时间，以及他们的抑郁症状程度。)”提到了屏幕时间和抑郁症状程度，所以F选项“他们发现，使用社交媒体更多的人抑郁得分更高。”和上文构成顺承关系，符合语境。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Once upon a time a psychology professor walked around on a stage while teaching stress management principles to an auditorium filled with ____21____. As she raised a glass of water, everyone ____22____ they’d be asked the typical “glass half empty or glass half full” question. ____23____, with a smile on her face, the professor asked, “How heavy is this glass of water I’m holding?” Students ____24____ out answers ranging from eight ounces to a couple pounds. She replied. “From my ____25____, the absolute weight of this glass doesn’t ____26____. It all depends on how ___27___ I hold it. If I hold it for a minute or two, it’s ____28____ light. If I hold it for an hour ____29____, its weight might make my arm ache a little. If I hold it for a day straight, my arm will likely cramp up and feel completely numb and paralyzed, forcing me to ____30____ the glass to the floor. In each ____31____, the weight of the glass doesn’t change, but the longer I hold it, the ____32____ it feels to me.” As the class ____33____ their heads in agreement, she continued, “Your stresses and worries in life are very much like this glass of water. Think about them for a while and nothing happens. Think about them bit-longer and you begin to ____34____ a little. Think about them all day long, and you will feel completely numb and paralyzed- ____35____ of doing anything else until you drop them.” 21. A. students B. teachers C. professors D. audience 22. A. feared B. hoped C. expected D. wished 23. A. Regardless B. Interestingly C. Curiously D. Instead 24. A. shouted B. handed C. reached D. left 25. A. way B. perspective C. opinion D. idea 26. A. say B. exist C. count D. matter 27. A. far B. heavy C. long D. difficult 28. A. fairly B. hardly C. scarcely D. understandably 29. A. narrow B. straight C. near D. close 30. A. throw B. fail C. loosen D. drop 31. A. method B. solution C. case D. picture 32. A. lighter B. wealthier C. quicker D. heavier 33. A. turned B. nodded C. raised D. shook 34. A. change B. feel C. mean D. ache 35. A. incapable B. unthinkable C. unreliable D. unbelievable 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。心理学教授借一杯水阐释压力管理，指出压力如持水，时长决定感受，告诫人们勿让压力压垮自己 。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从前，一位心理学教授在一个坐满学生的礼堂里一边在讲台上踱步，一边教授压力管理原则。A. students学生；B. teachers老师；C. professors教授；D. audience观众。根据下文“As she raised a glass of water, everyone ____ they’d be asked the typical ‘glass half empty or glass half full’ question”以及“Students ____ out answers ranging from eight ounces to a couple pounds”可知，教授在授课，所以礼堂里是学生。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她举起一杯水时，每个人都预料他们会被问到典型的“杯子是半满还是半空”的问题。A. feared害怕；B. hoped希望；C. expected预料；D. wished希望。根据下文“they’d be asked the typical ‘glass half empty or glass half full’ question”以及语境，教授举起一杯水，大家觉得接下来会被问到常见的关于杯子状态的问题，所以是预料到会这样。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，教授面带微笑地问道：“我拿着的这杯水有多重？”A. Regardless不管怎样；B. Interestingly有趣地；C. Curiously好奇地；D. Instead相反。由上文“the typical ‘glass half empty or glass half full’ question”以及语境可知，前面大家预料会被问关于杯子半空半满的问题，后面教授问的是水的重量，与大家预料的不同，所以是“相反”。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生们喊出了从八盎司到几磅不等的答案。A. shouted喊；B. handed传递；C. reached到达；D. left离开。根据下文“answers ranging from eight ounces to a couple pounds”以及语境可知，学生们是在课堂上大声喊出答案。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从我的角度来看，这杯水的绝对重量并不重要。A. way方式；B. perspective角度；C. opinion观点；D. idea想法。根据下文“the absolute weight of this glass doesn’t ____ ”以及语境可知，这里是说从教授自己的角度来讲，不在乎水的重量。from one’s perspective表示“从某人的角度”，符合语境。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从我的角度来看，这杯水的绝对重量并不重要。A. say说；B. exist存在；C. count数数；D. matter重要。根据下文“It all depends on how ____ I hold it”可知，这里指水的绝对重量不重要，重要的是拿着水的时长。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这完全取决于我拿着它多长时间。A. far远的；B. heavy重的；C. long长的；D. difficult困难的。根据下文“If I hold it for a minute or two, it’s ____ light. If I hold it for an hour ____ its weight might make my arm ache a little.”可知，这里强调的是拿着水的时间长短。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我拿着它一两分钟，它相当轻。A. fairly相当；B. hardly几乎不；C. scarcely几乎不；D. understandably可以理解地。根据下文“If I hold it for an hour ____ , its weight might make my arm ache a little”以及语境可知，相对与后面一两个小时，拿着一两分钟，水是相当轻的。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我连续拿着它一个小时，它的重量可能会让我的手臂有点疼。A. narrow狭窄地；B. straight连续地；C. near近地；D. close紧密地。根据下文“If I hold it for a day straight”以及语境可知，这里是说连续拿着一个小时，straight有“连续地”意思，符合语境。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我连续一整天都拿着它，我的手臂可能会抽筋，感觉完全麻木和瘫痪，迫使我把杯子掉在地上。A. throw扔；B. fail失败；C. loosen松开；D. drop掉落。根据上文“my arm will likely cramp up and feel completely numb and paralyzed”可知，手臂麻木瘫痪，就会迫使杯子掉落在地上。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每种情况下，杯子的重量都没有改变，但我拿的时间越长，它对我来说就感觉越重。A. method方法；B. solution解决办法；C. case情况；D. picture图片。根据上文“If I hold it for a minute or two”、“ If I hold it for an hour”和“If I hold it for a day straight”可知，这里分别描述了拿一两分钟、一个小时、一整天的情况，所以是说在每种情况下。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在每种情况下，杯子的重量都没有改变，但我拿的时间越长，它对我来说就感觉越重。A. lighter更轻的；B. wealthier更富有的；C. quicker更快的；D. heavier更重的。根据上文“the weight of the glass doesn’t change”以及but表转折可知，虽然杯子重量没有变，但是拿的时间越长，手臂反应越大，感觉杯子就更重。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当全班同学点头表示同意时，她继续说道：“你们生活中的压力和烦恼很像这杯水。”A. turned转动；B. nodded点头；C. raised举起；D. shook摇晃。根据下文“in agreement”以及语境可知，这里指同学们是点头 表示同意教授的说法。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：再多想一会儿，你就会开始有点疼。A. change改变；B. feel感觉；C. mean意味着；D. ache疼痛。根据上文“If I hold it for an hour ____ its weight might make my arm ache a little”可知，将压力比作水，拿久了手臂会疼，这里是说想压力久了也会像手臂那样疼。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：整天想着它们，你会感到完全麻木和瘫痪 —— 无法做任何其他事情，直到你放下它们。A. incapable无能力的；B. unthinkable不可想象的；C. unreliable不可靠的；D. unbelievable难以置信的。根据上文“feel completely numb and paralyzed”可知，麻木瘫痪就无法做其他事情，be incapable of表示“无能力做……”，符合语境。故选A项。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Mid-Autumn Festival, celebrated on the 15th day of the eighth month on the traditional Chinese calendar, is filled with legends and folk stories ____36____ (date) back to ancient times. One of the most famous legends is the story of Chang’e. According to the tale, Chang’e was the wife of the brave archer Hou Yi, ____37____ saved the world by shooting down nine of the ten suns that dried up the earth. As a reward, Hou Yi received a magic drink that could make people live forever. However, ____38____ (prevent) the drink from falling into the wrong hands, Chang’e drank it ____39____ (her) and flew up to the moon. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, people look at the moon, imagining Chang’e’s graceful figure and showing respect to her sacrifice. Another tale is that of the Jade Rabbit. The Jade Rabbit was once a kind creature that ____40____ (selfless) offered its own life to feed a hungry immortal (神仙) dressed as a beggar. Touched by its kindness, the immortal let it live forever on the moon, where it now grinds herbs to make that magic drink. Many children are curious about ____41____ the Jade Rabbit manages to make the drink every day. The festival is also linked to the Mooncake Uprising, a folk story from the Yuan Dynasty. Legend has it that mooncakes ____42____ (use) to hide secret notes, helping the Han Chinese to organize a fight against their Mongol rulers. Through this legend, people can better understand the historical background of the festival and ____43____ role it played in ancient times. These legends remind us ____44____ the lasting power of storytelling in keeping cultural heritage alive. ____45____ the festival has changed over time, they remain its charm, connecting people to their cultural roots. 【答案】36. dating 37. who 38. to prevent 39. herself 40. selflessly 41. how 42. were used 43. the 44. of 45. Though##Although##While 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了中秋节有诸多古老传说，如嫦娥奔月、玉兔捣药、月饼起义，这些传说承载文化内涵，让文化遗产延续，也成了节日的魅力所在。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中秋节在传统的中国历法中于八月十五日庆祝，这个节日蕴含着诸多源自古代的传说和民间故事。空格处需要修饰名词“legends and folk stories”，date back to与逻辑主语是主动关系，因此用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填dating。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：根据这个传说，嫦娥是勇敢的射箭手后羿的妻子，后羿射下了十个太阳中的九个，从而拯救了世界，这九个太阳导致大地干涸。先行词是 “the brave archer Hou Yi”(指人)，从句缺少主语，且该从句为非限制性定语从句，不能用that，故填who。 【38题详解】 考查不定式。句意：然而，为了防止仙药落入坏人之手，嫦娥自己饮下了它，并飞向了月球。空格处需要表达“为了防止仙药落入坏人手中”这一目的，不定式常用来表示目的，故填to prevent。 【39题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：然而，为了防止仙药落入坏人之手，嫦娥自己饮下了它，并飞向了月球。句中需要强调“嫦娥自己喝下了仙药”，反身代词herself 可用于加强语气，指代主语 Chang’e，故填herself。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：玉兔曾经是一只善良的生物，它不惜牺牲自己的生命，去喂饱一位装扮成乞丐的饥饿仙人。修饰动词offered用副词selflessly，故填selflessly。 【41题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：许多孩子都很好奇玉兔是如何每天制作这种饮品的。空格引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故填how。 【42题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：传说中，月饼曾被用来藏匿秘密信件，从而帮助汉人组织了一场反抗蒙古统治者的起义。主语mooncakes与动词use是被动关系，且故事发生在过去，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用were。故填were used。 【43题详解】 考查定冠词。句意：通过这个传说，人们能够更深入地了解这个节日的历史背景以及它在古代所发挥的作用。role后有定语从句it played in ancient times修饰，表特指，因此用定冠词the。故填the。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：这些传说让我们意识到，讲故事这一行为对于传承文化遗产具有持久的作用。remind sb. of sth.意为“使某人想起某事”。故填of。 【45题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管这个节日随着时间的推移发生了变化，但它们（这些传说）依然是其魅力所在，它将人们与自己的文化根源紧密相连。空格前后句意为“节日随时间变化”和“传说仍保留其魅力”，存在让步关系，引导让步状语从句，可用though、although或while，首字母大写。故填Though/Although/While。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校近期开辟了一块实践劳动基地并命名为“行知农场”，交换生Peter对该农场十分感兴趣，特发来邮件询问具体情况。请你根据以下提示，给Peter回一封邮件： 1.介绍“行知农场”的基本情况； 2.描述活动内容和实践收获； 3.邀请Peter参与后续农场活动。 注意： 1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, I’m thrilled to receive your email asking about our school’s Xingzhi Farm. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your reply! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, I’m thrilled to receive your email asking about our school’s Xingzhi Farm. It’s a new practice base behind our teaching building, named after the famous educator Tao Xingzhi. Its main goal is to help us learn through real labor. In labor classes, we do many interesting things: first, we dig the soil and plant seeds like tomatoes and lettuce. Then we water and feed the plants with fertilizer regularly. When the vegetables get ripe, we harvest them. From this, I’ve not only learned useful farming skills but also understood how hard farmers work. Now I cherish food more than before. I really want to invite you to join our next activity — harvesting carrots this Friday afternoon. You’ll definitely have a good time! Looking forward to your reply! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的名义给交换生Peter写一封邮件，给他介绍学校近期开辟的名为“行知农场”的劳动实践基地。 【详解】1.词汇积累 著名的：famous → well-known/notable 种植：plant → sow 技能：skill → technique 成熟的：ripe → mature 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：It’s a new practice base behind our teaching building, named after the famous educator Tao Xingzhi. Its main goal is to help us learn through real labor. 拓展句：It’s a new practice base behind our teaching building, named after the famous educator Tao Xingzhi, the main goal of which is to help us learn through real labor. 【点睛】【高分句型1】When the vegetables get ripe, we harvest them.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】From this, I’ve not only learned useful farming skills but also understood how hard farmers work. （运用了how引导的宾语从句） 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 读后续写 When I look back on my childhood, the first image that springs to my mind is the daisy (雏菊) kept in my dictionary, which always reminds me of my lunchtimes with my mother. When I was in the third grade, I was picked to be the princess in the school play, and for weeks my mother had practised my lines (台词) so hard with me. But no matter how easily I delivered them at home, as soon as I stepped onstage, every word disappeared from my head. Finally, my teacher took me aside. She explained that she had written a narrator’s (旁白) part to the play, and asked me to switch roles. I didn’t tell my mother what had happened when I went home for lunch that day. But she sensed my pain, and instead of suggesting we practice my lines, she asked if I wanted to walk in the yard. It was a lovely spring day and the rose vine (藤蔓) was turning green. Under the huge trees, we could see yellow daisies popping through the grass in bunches, as if a painter had touched our landscape with a little bit of gold. I watched my mother casually bend down by one of the daisies. “I think I’m going to dig up all these weeds,” she said, suddenly pulling a flower up by its roots. “From now on, we’ll have only roses in this garden.” “But I like daisies,” I protested (抗议). “All flowers are beautiful——even daisies.” My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower has its own beauty, doesn’t it?” she asked thoughtfully. I nodded, feeling pleased that I had won her over. “And that is true of people too,” she added, “Not everyone can be a princess. Hence, there is no shame in that.” Relieved that she had sensed my pain, I started to cry when I told her what had happened. She listened and smiled. 注意： 1. 所续写的短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在以下位置作答。 Paragraph 1： “You will be a beautiful narrator,” she comforted. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Backstage on the night of the performance, I still felt nervous. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1： “You will be a beautiful narrator,” she comforted. Upon hearing her comforting words, I held back my bitter tears, lost in deep thought. Hardly had she noticed the sadness on my face soften a little when she caressed my hair, adding, “No one is born to be a princess. Why not take advantage of narrator’s part?” With mother’s encouragement, I began to accept that the narrator’s part was of vital significance. In the following weeks, every lunchtime with my mother witnessed my mighty effort to practice my part of lines. So fast did time pass that the performance day arrived. Paragraph 2： Backstage on the night of the performance, I still felt nervous. Sweat oozing from my palms, it was at that very moment that I found a daisy in my pocket. In a flash, I realized my mother had passed the flower to me, which meant to be in company with me. Consumed with courage and confidence, I concentrated on my part and the performance turned out to be a great success, the audience standing up and bursting into thunderous applause. After the play, I put the daisy into my dictionary, which was a reminder of our precious lunchtimes, bathed in the soft midday light. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者原本被选定为出演话剧中公主的角色，由于表现不佳，被老师调整角色，不得不担任话剧讲解员，在心情郁闷之时，母亲一如既往地用自己的智慧，以花园里玫瑰和雏菊的存在打比方，宽慰作者的心，帮助作者重拾信心，让作者在后来的人生道路上也充满了信心。 【详解】1. 段落续写：  ①由第一段首句内容““你将成为一个美丽的讲解员，”她安慰道”可知，第一段可描写母亲如何用花园里的玫瑰和雏菊打比方，缓解我的情绪，给我勇气，让我重拾信心去参加演出。 ②由第二段首句内容“演出当晚在后台，我仍然感到紧张”可知，第二段可描写作者如何克服紧张情绪及雏菊对作者产生的影响。 2. 续写线索：参加学校话剧表演——表现不佳——被老师调整为讲解员——母亲用玫瑰和雏菊打比方——重拾信心——演出成功——雏菊对作者的影响 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①注意到：notice/take notice of ②利用：take advantage of /make use of ③集中：concentrate on/focus on 情绪类 ①伤心：sadness/sorrow ②紧张的：nervous/anxious 【点睛】【高分句型1】So fast did time pass that the performance day arrived.(运用了so...that结构的倒装句式) 【高分句型2】Sweat oozing from my palms, it was at that very moment that I found a daisy in my pocket.(运用了独立主格结构和强调句式) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二上学期10月教学质量监测 英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1．What time is it now? A．7:30 p.m. B．8:00 p.m. C．8:30 p.m. 2．What are the speakers talking about? A．How to preserve strawberries. B．Where to buy strawberries C．How to wash strawberries. 3．What was Becky doing when a car crashed into her house? A．Doing the gardening. B．Eating dinner. C．Doing the cleaning. 4．What caused Matthew’s cough? A．The flu. B．The season. C．The cold wind. 5．What does the woman mean? A．She has no time for dinner. B．She forgot the wedding anniversary. C．She wants to eat something different. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7小题。 6．Why is Dylan displeased with Ellie? A．She didn’t finish her work. B．She uses too much perfume. C．She speaks too loud in the office. 7．What does the man think of the manager’s solution? A．Disapproving. B．Sympathetic. C．Understanding. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。 8．What color of motorcycle does the man want? A．A blue one. B．A yellow one. C．A black one. 9．When did the basketball match start? A．One year ago. B．Two years ago. C．Five years ago. 10．What will the speakers do next? A．Buy tickets. B．Buy snacks. C．Buy a motorcycle. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。 11．What will the man do this weekend? A．Accompany his sister to the dentist’s. B．Go to hospital to visit his sister. C．Watch a game with his sister. 12．What is the man’s favorite sport? A．Baseball. B．Football. C．Ice hockey. 13．Who is the woman? A．A player. B．A dentist. C．A student. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。 14．When will the speakers watch the movie? A．At 10:45 a.m. B．At 2:30 p.m. C．At 5:45 p.m. 15．What will the speakers do after watching the movie? A．Visit Zoe. B．Eat hamburgers. C．Go to Mia’s. 16．What do we know about Zoe? A．She will graduate next week. B．She doesn’t like children. C．She wants to be a teacher. 17．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Friends. B．Brother and sister. C．Teacher and student. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。 18．What made the monkey find the stone unusual? A．Its shape. B．Its size. C．Its color. 19．Why does the monkey ask the crocodile to open the mouth? A．To let the crocodile eat him. B．To hit the crocodile’s head. C．To cross the river. 20．What can we say about the crocodile? A．Stupid. B．Lazy. C．Stubborn. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Self-driving Capabilities Sensor and camera-equipped models from Audi and Volkswagen, among others, don’t just automatically brake to prevent minor accidents; they can actually navigate (行驶) around highway traffic and into garages without a human at the wheel. Attractive Dashboards In addition to Ford’s new Sync system, which better understands voice commands, Apple and Google have partnered with automakers to create interfaces (界面) as user-friendly as the ones on your smartphone. Smarter Headlights Audi’s and BMW’s ultra-bright laser headlights can detect oncoming cars and dim slightly to avoid disturbing their drivers. One problem: they’re not yet legal in the U.S. Self-parking Skills The new model of BMW’s all-electric i3 can find its own spot in a parking lot, then send signals via a smart-watch app to contact its drivers. 1. In terms of Self-driving Capabilities, what makes Audi and Volkswagen stand out? A. Braking when sensing red lights. B. Going into garages without a driver. C. Stopping other cars on highway. D. Taking photos with a camera. 2. Which of the cars can adjust the headlights in order not to upset drivers in oncoming cars? A. Ford and Volkswagen. B. Audi and BMW. C. Audi and Volkswagen. D. BMW and Ford. 3. In which section of a car magazine does the article most probably appear? A. First Drive. B. Motoring News. C. Instrumental Tests. D. Smart Tech. B At 45, I noticed my first gray hairs, and my hairdresser claimed she had a special elixir (灵丹妙药) to naturally and almost undetectably mask them. Unsure whether to start this operation, I studied my reflection, realizing the gray was more widespread than I had admitted. Instead of merely threading between darker hairs, the gray had taken over large sections of my head, particularly on the sides and back. “I suggest we leave some in,” my hairdresser proposed, “just enough to make you look distinguished.” I nodded, but the word “distinguished” felt like a polite synonym for “old”. For seven years, I followed this monthly ritual, each time hoping to hide the gray, though my wife insisted that gray hair looked great on men my age, pointing to silver-haired celebrities like George Clooney and Anderson Cooper. They were silver foxes, and I envied their confident acceptance of their aging looks. One afternoon, my wife broke her silence, telling me my hair had turned green from the dye. She suggested I let my natural gray come through. In an attempt to accept this change, I visited a beauty shop in Missoula, Montana. The stylist advised me to shave it off. Week by week, my gray hair grew back, forcing me to face up to my aging appearance with a new clarity. The final push came at a New York City sandwich shop. After taking my order, one of the girls behind the counter asked if she could ask me something. The girl, who appeared to be 18 or so, followed with something like: “It’s not that I think you look old or anything, but when was doo-wop? Do you remember? Doo-wop music? When was that? The’ 50s? The’ 40s?” “Late’50s, early’60s,” I said coolly. Did the girl really think that I’d been on the scene then, or did she merely find me professional, a man who appeared to be rich in general knowledge? “That must have been so cool,” she said. “Walking around hearing singing on all the corners!” I suddenly found my gray hair was nothing bad. Interestingly, I’ve never dyed my hair since then. Now, I have grown comfortable with my gray hair. On good days, I even feel a bit like those silver-haired celebrities. However, I still avoid my old hairdresser, not wanting to confront the failure of our shared secret. Instead, I accept my silver hair as part of who I am. 4. What does the writer’ wife think of his gray hair? A. She believes it makes him look great. B. She suggests he should dye it a different color. C. She thinks it distinguishes him from celebrities. D. She criticizes his decision to stop dyeing his hair. 5. The word “synonym”(paragraph 2)is closest in meaning to ______. A. opposite B. equivalent C. pretense D. behavior 6. How did the girl in the sandwich shop affect the writer? A. She complimented his gray hair, boosting his self-confidence greatly. B. She mentioned an old type of music, trying to check his age. C. She asked him a question, making him feel good about himself. D. She recommended a regular hair dye, influencing his decision to change his hair color. 7. What is the passage mainly about? A. The writer’s journey towards accepting his natural gray hair. B. The writer’s struggle with maintaining his hairstyle over years. C. The writer’s experience with different hairdressers and their advice. D. The writer’s admiration for silver-haired celebrities like George Clooney. C About a quarter of the world drives on the left, and the countries that do so are mostly old British colonies like Australia, and Ireland. But Thailand, Indonesia and Japan have also developed this habit. This strange quirk puzzles the rest of the world; however, there is a perfectly good reason. Up to the late 1700s, everybody travelled on the left side of the road because it is the sensible option for violent, feudal societies of mostly right-handed people. Soldiers with their swords under their right arms naturally passed on each other’s right, and if you passed a stranger on the road, you walked on the left to ensure that your protective sword arm was between you and him. Revolutionary France, however, did away with this practice as part of its sweeping social rethink, and thanks to Napoleon, this change was carried out all over continental Europe. Because he was left-handed, his armies had to march on the right so he could keep his sword arm between him and any opponent. From then on, any country colonized by the French took to driving on the right. After the American Revolutionary War (1775 — 1783), the US became independent and decided to make traffic drive on the right in order to cut all remaining links to its British colonial past. Once America became the center of the car industry, if you wanted a good reliable vehicle, you bought American right-hand-drive. From then on, many countries changed out of necessity. Today, the EU would like Britain to fall into line with the rest of Europe, but this is no longer possible. It would cost billions of pounds to change everything round. The last European country to convert to driving on the right was Sweden in 1967. This ironically caused a reduction in car accidents because everyone drove carefully while getting used to the new system. 8. Why did people travel on the left before the late 18th century? A. They were required to do so. B. They were mostly left-landed. C. It was easier to cross the street. D. They could feel safer from attacks. 9. What was Napoleon’s attitude about walking on the left? A. Support. B. Disapproval. C. Doubt. D. Indifference. 10. For Americans, driving on the right was a way to show ______. A. the connection with France was broken B. the US was no longer ruled by the UK C. the American Revolution War had ended D. America was the center of the car industry 11. What is the main reason for UK’s resistance to the European system? A. It would cost too much to change. B. Its increasing traffic accidents. C. Its influence on colonies. D. Its fast-developing car industry. D Most damagingly, anger weakens a person’s ability to think clearly and keep control over his behaviour. The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance of the person or situation that arouses his anger. Not everyone experiences anger in the same way; what angers one person may amuse another. The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated. We no longer regard duels (决斗) as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one person’s awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another. Anger can be identified in the brain, where the electrical activity changes. Under most conditions EEG (脑电图) measures of electrical activity show balanced activity between the right and left prefrontal (额叶前部) areas. Behaviourally this corresponds to the general even-handed disposition (意向) that most of us possess most of the time. But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren’t balanced and, as a result of this, we’re likely to react. And our behavioural response to anger is different from our response to other emotions, whether positive or negative. Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour: we move closer to people we like. Most negative emotions, in contrast, are associated with avoidance behaviour: we move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious. But anger is an exception to this pattern. The angrier we are, the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as of offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. This approach-and-confront behaviour is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal asymmetry (不对称) of EEG activity. Interestingly, this asymmetry lessens if the angry person can experience empathy (同感) towards the individual who is bringing forth the angry response. In defensive anger, in contrast, the EEG asymmetry is directed to the right and the angry person feels helpless in the face of the anger-inspiring situation. 12. The “duels” example in Paragraph 2 proves that the expression of anger ________. A. usually has a biological basis B. varies among people C. is socially and culturally shaped D. influences one’s thinking and evaluation 13. What changes can be found in an angry brain? A. Balanced electrical activity can be spotted. B. Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas. C. Electrical activity corresponds to one’s behaviour. D. Electrical activity agrees with one’s disposition. 14. Which of the following is typical of offensive anger? A. Approaching the source of anger. B. Trying to control what is disliked. C. Moving away from what is disliked. D. Feeling helpless in the face of anger. 15. What is the key message of the last paragraph? A. How anger differs from other emotions. B. How anger relates to other emotions. C. Behavioural responses to anger. D. Behavioural patterns of anger. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Is there a link between social media and depression? ___16___ It’s complicated. Sometimes, looking through Instagram just makes you feel bad. You try not to envy your friends, but they always seem to be traveling somewhere cool, eating something fancy, or looking cute in perfect just- rolled- out- of- bed hair. ___17___ Clearly, social media isn’t all bad. ___18___ Things like cyberbullying (网上欺凌), screen addiction, and being exposed to endless filtered images (美颜) that make it impossible not to make comparisons between yourself and others often make the news. In July, a big study came out in the journal JAMA titled “Association of Screen Time and Depression in Adolescence.” This big headline seems to confirm what a lot of people have been saying — ___19___ The study followed over 3,800 adolescents over four years as part of a drug and alcohol prevention program. Part of what the investigators measured was the teens’ amount of screen time, including time spent on social media, as well as their levels of depression symptoms. ___20___ That was true both when the researches compared between people and compared each person against their own mental health over time. A. Screen time is horrible for young people. B. Is there anyone in your family who uses stamps? C. Social media is a valuable way to cope with stress. D. Do Facebook and Instagram have a negative impact on your mental health? E. There are also times when you laugh at funny memes and catch up with old friends. F. They found those who used social media more had higher depression scores. G. However, people are increasingly suspecting the potential problems of social media. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Once upon a time a psychology professor walked around on a stage while teaching stress management principles to an auditorium filled with ____21____. As she raised a glass of water, everyone ____22____ they’d be asked the typical “glass half empty or glass half full” question. ____23____, with a smile on her face, the professor asked, “How heavy is this glass of water I’m holding?” Students ____24____ out answers ranging from eight ounces to a couple pounds. She replied. “From my ____25____, the absolute weight of this glass doesn’t ____26____. It all depends on how ___27___ I hold it. If I hold it for a minute or two, it’s ____28____ light. If I hold it for an hour ____29____, its weight might make my arm ache a little. If I hold it for a day straight, my arm will likely cramp up and feel completely numb and paralyzed, forcing me to ____30____ the glass to the floor. In each ____31____, the weight of the glass doesn’t change, but the longer I hold it, the ____32____ it feels to me.” As the class ____33____ their heads in agreement, she continued, “Your stresses and worries in life are very much like this glass of water. Think about them for a while and nothing happens. Think about them bit-longer and you begin to ____34____ a little. Think about them all day long, and you will feel completely numb and paralyzed- ____35____ of doing anything else until you drop them.” 21. A. students B. teachers C. professors D. audience 22. A. feared B. hoped C. expected D. wished 23. A. Regardless B. Interestingly C. Curiously D. Instead 24. A. shouted B. handed C. reached D. left 25. A. way B. perspective C. opinion D. idea 26. A. say B. exist C. count D. matter 27. A. far B. heavy C. long D. difficult 28. A. fairly B. hardly C. scarcely D. understandably 29. A. narrow B. straight C. near D. close 30. A. throw B. fail C. loosen D. drop 31. A. method B. solution C. case D. picture 32. A. lighter B. wealthier C. quicker D. heavier 33. A. turned B. nodded C. raised D. shook 34. A. change B. feel C. mean D. ache 35. A. incapable B. unthinkable C. unreliable D. unbelievable 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Mid-Autumn Festival, celebrated on the 15th day of the eighth month on the traditional Chinese calendar, is filled with legends and folk stories ____36____ (date) back to ancient times. One of the most famous legends is the story of Chang’e. According to the tale, Chang’e was the wife of the brave archer Hou Yi, ____37____ saved the world by shooting down nine of the ten suns that dried up the earth. As a reward, Hou Yi received a magic drink that could make people live forever. However, ____38____ (prevent) the drink from falling into the wrong hands, Chang’e drank it ____39____ (her) and flew up to the moon. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, people look at the moon, imagining Chang’e’s graceful figure and showing respect to her sacrifice. Another tale is that of the Jade Rabbit. The Jade Rabbit was once a kind creature that ____40____ (selfless) offered its own life to feed a hungry immortal (神仙) dressed as a beggar. Touched by its kindness, the immortal let it live forever on the moon, where it now grinds herbs to make that magic drink. Many children are curious about ____41____ the Jade Rabbit manages to make the drink every day. The festival is also linked to the Mooncake Uprising, a folk story from the Yuan Dynasty. Legend has it that mooncakes ____42____ (use) to hide secret notes, helping the Han Chinese to organize a fight against their Mongol rulers. Through this legend, people can better understand the historical background of the festival and ____43____ role it played in ancient times. These legends remind us ____44____ the lasting power of storytelling in keeping cultural heritage alive. ____45____ the festival has changed over time, they remain its charm, connecting people to their cultural roots. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校近期开辟了一块实践劳动基地并命名为“行知农场”，交换生Peter对该农场十分感兴趣，特发来邮件询问具体情况。请你根据以下提示，给Peter回一封邮件： 1.介绍“行知农场”的基本情况； 2.描述活动内容和实践收获； 3.邀请Peter参与后续农场活动。 注意： 1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, I’m thrilled to receive your email asking about our school’s Xingzhi Farm. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your reply! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 读后续写 When I look back on my childhood, the first image that springs to my mind is the daisy (雏菊) kept in my dictionary, which always reminds me of my lunchtimes with my mother. When I was in the third grade, I was picked to be the princess in the school play, and for weeks my mother had practised my lines (台词) so hard with me. But no matter how easily I delivered them at home, as soon as I stepped onstage, every word disappeared from my head. Finally, my teacher took me aside. She explained that she had written a narrator’s (旁白) part to the play, and asked me to switch roles. I didn’t tell my mother what had happened when I went home for lunch that day. But she sensed my pain, and instead of suggesting we practice my lines, she asked if I wanted to walk in the yard. It was a lovely spring day and the rose vine (藤蔓) was turning green. Under the huge trees, we could see yellow daisies popping through the grass in bunches, as if a painter had touched our landscape with a little bit of gold. I watched my mother casually bend down by one of the daisies. “I think I’m going to dig up all these weeds,” she said, suddenly pulling a flower up by its roots. “From now on, we’ll have only roses in this garden.” “But I like daisies,” I protested (抗议). “All flowers are beautiful——even daisies.” My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower has its own beauty, doesn’t it?” she asked thoughtfully. I nodded, feeling pleased that I had won her over. “And that is true of people too,” she added, “Not everyone can be a princess. Hence, there is no shame in that.” Relieved that she had sensed my pain, I started to cry when I told her what had happened. She listened and smiled. 注意： 1. 所续写的短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在以下位置作答。 Paragraph 1： “You will be a beautiful narrator,” she comforted. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Backstage on the night of the performance, I still felt nervous. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $