Unit 9 Forces of Nature 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语新教材仁爱科普版八年级下册

Unit 9 Forces of Nature 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一、根据首字母填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. An e__________ is a sudden shaking of the ground. 【答案】 earthquake 【解析】 句意：地震是地面的突然震动。earthquake为名词，意为“地震”。 2. During a typhoon, the wind can b__________ very strongly. 【答案】 blow 【解析】 句意：台风期间，风可以吹得非常猛烈。blow为动词，意为“吹”。 3. We should take action to p__________ natural disasters. 【答案】 prevent 【解析】 句意：我们应该采取行动预防自然灾害。prevent意为“预防”，接在to后使用原形。 4. A flood can s__________ through a city very quickly. 【答案】 spread 【解析】 句意：洪水可以迅速蔓延整个城市。spread为动词，意为“蔓延”。 5. It’s important to stay i__________ during a thunderstorm. 【答案】 indoors 【解析】 句意：雷雨期间待在室内很重要。indoors为副词，意为“在室内”。 6. Many people become h__________ after a big disaster. 【答案】 homeless 【解析】 句意：一场大灾难后，许多人变得无家可归。homeless为形容词，意为“无家可归的”。 7. She was s__________ when she saw the lightning. 【答案】 scared 【解析】 句意：她看到闪电时很害怕。scared为形容词，意为“害怕的”。 8. We must keep o__________ the streets during a heavy rainstorm. 【答案】 off 【解析】 句意：暴雨期间我们必须远离街道。keep off为固定短语，意为“远离”。 9. Global warming is a serious p__________ for our planet. 【答案】 problem 【解析】 句意：全球变暖是我们星球的一个严重问题。problem为名词，意为“问题”。 10. After the earthquake, there were several a__________. 【答案】 aftershocks 【解析】 句意：地震之后发生了数次余震。aftershocks为名词复数，意为“余震”。 二、根据汉语提示填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 1. The firefighters are trying to ________________（阻止）the wildfire from spreading. 【答案】 hold back 【解析】 句意：消防员们正试图阻止野火蔓延。hold back为固定短语，意为“阻止”。 2. Many people ______________________（被困在）their cars during the snowstorm. 【答案】 were stuck in 【解析】 句意：暴风雪期间，许多人被困在车里。“被困在”用be stuck in表达，根据句意使用一般过去时。 3. We should ________________（参与）safety training at school. 【答案】 take part in 【解析】 句意：我们应该参与学校的安全培训。take part in意为“参与”。 4. The rain started to ________________（倾盆而下）just after we left. 【答案】 pour down 【解析】 句意：我们刚离开，雨就开始倾盆而下。pour down为固定短语，意为“（雨）倾盆而下”。 5. It’s dangerous to ________________（走出）the house during a typhoon. 【答案】 step out of 【解析】 句意：台风期间走出房子是危险的。step out of意为“走出”。 6. We must __________（采取行动）to protect the environment. 【答案】 take action 【解析】 句意：我们必须采取行动保护环境。take action为固定短语，意为“采取行动”。 7. The storm ________________（导致）serious damage to the coastal area. 【答案】 led to 【解析】 句意：风暴给沿海地区导致了严重的损害。lead to意为“导致”，根据句意使用一般过去时。 8. She always ________________（紧紧抓住）her mother’s hand in a crowd. 【答案】 hangs on to 【解析】 句意：在人群中她总是紧紧抓住妈妈的手。hang on to为固定短语，意为“紧紧抓住”。 9. After the flood, they had to ________________（克服）many difficulties. 【答案】 get over 【解析】 句意：洪水过后，他们不得不克服许多困难。get over意为“克服（困难、情绪）”。 10. ______________________（最重要的是）, you should stay calm in a disaster. 【答案】 Most importantly 【解析】 句意：最重要的是，在灾难中你应该保持冷静。most importantly为副词短语，常用于句首，意为“最重要的是”。 三、用单词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. It’s important to make good __________ (prepare) before a typhoon comes. 【答案】 preparations 【解析】 句意：在台风来临前做好充分的准备很重要。make preparations为固定短语，意为“做准备”，preparation为可数名词，此处用复数形式。 2. The flood spread __________ (quick) than they expected last summer. 【答案】 more quickly 【解析】 句意：去年夏天洪水蔓延得比他们预期的更快。than提示使用比较级，quickly为副词，多音节词，比较级为more quickly。 3. Many people became __________ (home) after the earthquake destroyed their houses. 【答案】 homeless 【解析】 句意：地震摧毁房屋后，许多人变得无家可归。become为系动词，后接形容词作表语，homeless意为“无家可归的”。 4. We should take __________ (act) to protect the environment right now. 【答案】 action 【解析】 句意：我们应该立刻采取行动保护环境。take action为固定短语，意为“采取行动”。 5. She looked __________ (pale) after hearing the terrible news about the storm. 【答案】 paler 【解析】 句意：听到关于风暴的可怕消息后，她脸色看起来更苍白了。look为系动词，后接形容词作表语，than提示比较级，pale为单音节形容词，比较级为paler。 6. It’s dangerous to go __________ (outdoor) during a thunderstorm. 【答案】 outdoors 【解析】 句意：雷雨天气时外出是危险的。go outdoors为固定搭配，outdoors为副词，意为“在户外”，与outdoor（形容词）区分。 7. He speaks English __________ (well) than his brother, but his sister speaks __________ (well) of all. 【答案】 better；best 【解析】 句意：他英语说得比哥哥好，但他姐姐说得最好。第一空than提示比较级，well的比较级为better；第二空of all提示最高级，well的最高级为best。 8. The __________ (burn) of coal is harmful to our living environment. 【答案】 burning 【解析】 句意：煤的燃烧对我们的居住环境有害。the burning of为固定表达，burning为动名词形式，作主语，表示“燃烧这一行为”。 9. They were busy __________ (check) the windows when the rain started to pour down. 【答案】 checking 【解析】 句意：雨开始倾盆而下时，他们正忙着检查窗户。be busy doing sth.为固定短语，意为“忙于做某事”，故用check的动名词形式checking。 10. To prevent disasters, we should __________ (limit) the use of plastic. 【答案】 limit 【解析】 句意：为预防灾害，我们应限制塑料的使用。情态动词should后接动词原形，limit为动词，意为“限制”。 四、单项选择（共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分） 1. A lot of __________ happened in this area last year, like earthquakes and floods. A. disasters   B. dangers   C. passengers 【答案】A 【解析】句意：去年该地区发生了许多自然灾害，比如地震和洪水。考查名词辨析。disasters 意为“灾害”，符合语境。 2. The fire __________ quickly because of the strong wind. A. spread   B. blew   C. burned 【答案】A 【解析】句意：由于强风，火势迅速蔓延。考查动词辨析。spread 意为“蔓延”，常与 fire 搭配。 3. __________ you prepare well, you may face great danger in a typhoon. A. If   B. Unless   C. Because 【答案】B 【解析】句意：除非你准备充分，否则在台风中可能面临巨大危险。考查连词辨析。unless 意为“除非”，引导条件状语从句。 4. It’s __________ to go outside during a thunderstorm. A. safe   B. dangerous   C. useful 【答案】B 【解析】句意：雷雨天气外出是危险的。考查形容词辨析。dangerous 符合常识。 5. After the flood, many people became __________ because their houses were destroyed. A. homeless   B. harmful   C. helpless 【答案】A 【解析】句意：洪水过后，许多人因为房屋被毁而无家可归。考查形容词辨析。homeless 意为“无家可归的”。 6. We should __________ action to protect ourselves when a disaster comes. A. take   B. make   C. do 【答案】A 【解析】句意：灾难来临时，我们应采取行动保护自己。考查固定短语。take action 为固定短语，意为“采取行动”。 7. The __________ of coal leads to air pollution. A. burn   B. burning   C. burned 【答案】B 【解析】句意：煤的燃烧导致空气污染。考查动名词用法。the burning of 为固定表达，表示“燃烧这一行为”。 8. She speaks English __________ than her sister. A. well   B. better   C. best 【答案】B 【解析】句意：她英语说得比她姐姐好。考查副词比较级。than 提示使用比较级，well 的比较级是 better。 9. It is normal __________ scared during an earthquake. A. feel   B. to feel   C. feeling 【答案】B 【解析】句意：地震时感到害怕是正常的。考查固定句型。It is normal to do sth. 为固定句型，用不定式作主语。 10. We should stay __________ lakes when it is raining heavily. A. on   B. in   C. off 【答案】C 【解析】句意：下大雨时我们应该远离湖泊。考查固定短语。stay off 意为“远离、不接近”。 11. The train was __________ in the snow for several hours. A. stuck   B. struck   C. stopped 【答案】A 【解析】句意：火车被困在雪中好几个小时。考查固定短语。be stuck in 意为“被困在……”。 12. It’s important to keep __________ during an emergency. A. calm   B. calmly   C. calming 【答案】A 【解析】句意：紧急情况下保持冷静很重要。考查系表结构。keep 为系动词，后接形容词 calm 作表语。 13. They are busy __________ for the coming storm. A. prepare   B. preparing   C. to prepare 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他们正忙着为即将到来的风暴做准备。考查固定结构。be busy doing sth. 为固定结构。 14. A __________ is a very strong wind that moves in a circle. A. flood   B. hurricane   C. snowstorm 【答案】B 【解析】句意：飓风是一种非常强烈的旋转风。考查名词辨析。hurricane 符合定义。 15. __________ warming is a serious problem around the world. A. Globe   B. Global   C. Globally 【答案】B 【解析】句意：全球变暖是世界范围内的严重问题。考查固定术语。Global warming 为固定术语。 16. We must __________ the use of plastic to protect the Earth. A. limit   B. prevent   C. lead 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们必须限制使用塑料以保护地球。考查动词搭配。limit the use of 意为“限制使用”。 17. He ran __________ to the shelter when the quake started. A. quickly   B. quicker   C. quick 【答案】A 【解析】句意：地震开始时他迅速跑向避难所。考查副词用法。修饰动词 ran 应用副词 quickly。 18. Many animals are __________ because of losing their homes. A. in need   B. in danger   C. in action 【答案】B 【解析】句意：许多动物因失去家园而处于危险中。考查介词短语。in danger 意为“处于危险中”。 19. We should learn how to __________ in a disaster. A. survive   B. suffer   C. sweep 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们应学会在灾难中生存。考查动词辨析。survive 意为“幸存”，符合语境。 20. __________ is the best way to reduce the risk of disasters. A. Preparation   B. Preventing   C. Protection 【答案】A 【解析】句意：准备是降低灾害风险的最佳方式。考查名词辨析。preparation 意为“准备”，与风险降低逻辑一致。 五、完成句子（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1. 我们应该远离湖泊和河流当天下雨时。 We should __________ __________ lakes and rivers when it is raining. 【答案】 stay off 【解析】 stay off为固定短语，意为“远离，不接近”。 2. 开始时，你必须知道在哪里躲藏。 __________ __________ __________ , you must know where to hide. 【答案】 To begin with 【解析】 to begin with为固定短语，意为“首先，开始时”。 3. 她用胶带和剪刀做了一个应急包。 She made an emergency kit __________ glue and scissors. 【答案】 with 【解析】 with表示“用（某种工具或材料）”。 4. 燃烧煤炭可能导致全球变暖。 The burning of coal can __________ __________ global warming. 【答案】 lead to 【解析】 lead to意为“导致”。 5. 他们在灾难后失去了家园。 They __________ __________ __________ after the disaster. 【答案】 lost their homes 【解析】 lose one‘s home意为“失去家园”，根据句意使用一般过去时。 六、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。 Last year, my family experienced two different natural disasters. First, a strong earthquake 1. ______ our area early one morning. It was completely 2. ______. The shaking only lasted about twenty seconds, but it felt much 3. ______. My mother shouted at us to hide 4. ______ the dining table immediately. We were all very 5. ______, but we knew what to do. Thankfully, our house was strong and no one was hurt. However, many old buildings nearby were 6. ______ down. A few months later, a typhoon 7. ______ the coastal city where my grandma lives. The wind blew 8. ______ and the rain poured down for a whole day. Many trees fell onto the roads and power lines were broken. My grandma was 9. ______ in her apartment without electricity for two days. We were all worried about her. These experiences taught us the importance of being 10. ______ for anything. 1. A. hit       B. hits       C. hitting 2. A. sudden      B. suddenly      C. more sudden 3. A. long       B. longer       C. longest 4. A. under       B. on        C. against 5. A. scared      B. scary       C. scare 6. A. pulled      B. pulling      C. pull 7. A. swept      B. blew       C. hit 8. A. strong      B. stronger      C. strongly 9. A. stick       B. stuck       C. sticking 10. A. prepare      B. prepared      C. preparing 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过描述家庭亲身经历的地震和台风两次自然灾害，讲述了灾难发生时的情景与应对过程，并最终引出了“时刻准备”的重要性。 1. 【解析】 句意：首先，一天清晨，一场强烈的地震袭击了我们地区。hit意为“袭击”，为动词，描述地震的发生。全文为过去时态，需用hit的过去式，与原形同形。 2. 【解析】 句意：它（地震）完全是突如其来的。was为系动词，后接形容词sudden作表语。 3. 【解析】 句意：震动只持续了大约二十秒，但感觉（比二十秒）长得多。much后接形容词比较级，表示“……得多”。 4. 【解析】 句意：妈妈朝我们大喊，让我们立刻躲到餐桌下面。hide under the table为地震安全常识，意为“躲到桌子下面”。 5. 【解析】 句意：我们都很害怕，但我们知道该做什么。were为系动词，后接形容词scared作表语，描述人的感受。 6. 【解析】 句意：然而，附近许多旧建筑被拉倒了。buildings与pull down之间为被动关系，需用过去分词pulled，构成被动语态were pulled down。 7. 【解析】 句意：几个月后，台风袭击了我奶奶居住的沿海城市。hit意为“（灾难）袭击”，符合句意，且全文为过去时态。 8. 【解析】 句意：风猛烈地吹着，雨下了一整天。blew为动词，需用副词strongly修饰。 9. 【解析】 句意：我奶奶被困在公寓里，断了两天的电。be stuck in为固定搭配，意为“被困在……”。 10. 【解析】 句意：这些经历教会了我们为任何事情做好准备的重要性。be prepared for为固定搭配，意为“为……做好准备”。 七、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构和上下文连贯要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。 Natural disasters are powerful and sometimes very 1. __________ (danger). For example, when an earthquake happens, the ground shakes 2. __________ (sudden). It is important not to run outside 3. __________ the shaking stops. You should stay indoors and hide under something 4. __________ (solid), like a strong desk. After you go outside, stay away 5. __________ buildings in case they fall down. Another common disaster is the flood. Heavy rainfalls can cause rivers to rise 6. __________ (quick) and overflow. If a flood warning is announced, you must move to 7. __________ (high) ground immediately. Never try to walk or drive through floodwater, as it can be much 8. __________ (deep) than it looks. 9. __________ (prepare) is the key to staying safe. Families should have an emergency kit ready, 10. __________ includes food, water, a flashlight, and a first-aid kit. 【答案】1. dangerous 2. suddenly 3. until 4. solid 5. from 6. quickly 7. higher 8. deeper 9. Preparation 10. which 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以“自然灾害”为主题，分别介绍了地震和洪水这两种常见的自然灾害发生时的特征与正确应对方法，并强调了充分准备的重要性。 1. 【解析】 句意：自然灾害威力巨大，有时非常危险。考查形容词作表语。very为副词，后接形容词dangerous作表语。 2. 【解析】 句意：例如，当地震发生时，地面会突然震动。考查副词修饰动词。shakes为动词，需用副词suddenly修饰。 3. 【解析】 句意：在震动停止之前，不要跑到室外，这很重要。考查固定句型。not... until... 为固定结构，意为“直到……才……”。 4. 【解析】 句意：你应该待在室内，躲在结实的东西下面，比如一张坚固的桌子。考查形容词作后置定语。something为不定代词，后接形容词solid作后置定语。 5. 【解析】 句意：到室外后，要远离建筑物，以防它们倒塌。考查固定短语。stay away from为固定短语，意为“远离”。 6. 【解析】 句意：强降雨会导致河水迅速上涨并泛滥。考查副词修饰动词。to rise为动词不定式，需用副词quickly修饰。 7. 【解析】 句意：如果发布了洪水警报，你必须立即转移到更高的地方。考查形容词比较级。根据常识，洪水来临时应向地势更高的地方转移，且隐含比较，故用high的比较级higher。 8. 【解析】 句意：千万不要试图步行或驾车穿过洪水，因为它可能比看起来深得多。考查形容词比较级。than提示使用比较级，deep的比较级为deeper。 9. 【解析】 句意：做好准备是保障安全的关键。考查名词作主语。此处需要名词作主语，prepare的名词形式为preparation，且为抽象概念，常用单数。 10. 【解析】 句意：家庭应该准备好一个应急包，里面包括食物、水、手电筒和急救箱。考查定语从句引导词。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词kit，且从句缺少主语，故用关系代词which。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 9 Forces of Nature 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一、根据首字母填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. An e__________ is a sudden shaking of the ground. 2. During a typhoon, the wind can b__________ very strongly. 3. We should take action to p__________ natural disasters. 4. A flood can s__________ through a city very quickly. 5. It’s important to stay i__________ during a thunderstorm. 6. Many people become h__________ after a big disaster. 7. She was s__________ when she saw the lightning. 8. We must keep o__________ the streets during a heavy rainstorm. 9. Global warming is a serious p__________ for our planet. 10. After the earthquake, there were several a__________. 二、根据汉语提示填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 1. The firefighters are trying to ________________（阻止）the wildfire from spreading. 2. Many people ______________________（被困在）their cars during the snowstorm. 3. We should ________________（参与）safety training at school. 4. The rain started to ________________（倾盆而下）just after we left. 5. It’s dangerous to ________________（走出）the house during a typhoon. 6. We must __________（采取行动）to protect the environment. 7. The storm ________________（导致）serious damage to the coastal area. 8. She always ________________（紧紧抓住）her mother’s hand in a crowd. 9. After the flood, they had to ________________（克服）many difficulties. 10. ______________________（最重要的是）, you should stay calm in a disaster. 三、用单词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. It’s important to make good __________ (prepare) before a typhoon comes. 2. The flood spread __________ (quick) than they expected last summer. 3. Many people became __________ (home) after the earthquake destroyed their houses. 4. We should take __________ (act) to protect the environment right now. 5. She looked __________ (pale) after hearing the terrible news about the storm. 6. It’s dangerous to go __________ (outdoor) during a thunderstorm. 7. He speaks English __________ (well) than his brother, but his sister speaks __________ (well) of all. 8. The __________ (burn) of coal is harmful to our living environment. 9. They were busy __________ (check) the windows when the rain started to pour down. 10. To prevent disasters, we should __________ (limit) the use of plastic. 四、单项选择（共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分） 1. A lot of __________ happened in this area last year, like earthquakes and floods. A. disasters   B. dangers   C. passengers 2. The fire __________ quickly because of the strong wind. A. spread   B. blew   C. burned 3. __________ you prepare well, you may face great danger in a typhoon. A. If   B. Unless   C. Because 4. It’s __________ to go outside during a thunderstorm. A. safe   B. dangerous   C. useful 5. After the flood, many people became __________ because their houses were destroyed. A. homeless   B. harmful   C. helpless 6. We should __________ action to protect ourselves when a disaster comes. A. take   B. make   C. do 7. The __________ of coal leads to air pollution. A. burn   B. burning   C. burned 8. She speaks English __________ than her sister. A. well   B. better   C. best 9. It is normal __________ scared during an earthquake. A. feel   B. to feel   C. feeling 10. We should stay __________ lakes when it is raining heavily. A. on   B. in   C. off 11. The train was __________ in the snow for several hours. A. stuck   B. struck   C. stopped 12. It’s important to keep __________ during an emergency. A. calm   B. calmly   C. calming 13. They are busy __________ for the coming storm. A. prepare   B. preparing   C. to prepare 14. A __________ is a very strong wind that moves in a circle. A. flood   B. hurricane   C. snowstorm 15. __________ warming is a serious problem around the world. A. Globe   B. Global   C. Globally 16. We must __________ the use of plastic to protect the Earth. A. limit   B. prevent   C. lead 17. He ran __________ to the shelter when the quake started. A. quickly   B. quicker   C. quick 18. Many animals are __________ because of losing their homes. A. in need   B. in danger   C. in action 19. We should learn how to __________ in a disaster. A. survive   B. suffer   C. sweep 20. __________ is the best way to reduce the risk of disasters. A. Preparation   B. Preventing   C. Protection 五、完成句子（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1. 我们应该远离湖泊和河流当天下雨时。 We should __________ __________ lakes and rivers when it is raining. 2. 开始时，你必须知道在哪里躲藏。 __________ __________ __________ , you must know where to hide. 3. 她用胶带和剪刀做了一个应急包。 She made an emergency kit __________ glue and scissors. 4. 燃烧煤炭可能导致全球变暖。 The burning of coal can __________ __________ global warming. 5. 他们在灾难后失去了家园。 They __________ __________ __________ after the disaster. 六、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。 Last year, my family experienced two different natural disasters. First, a strong earthquake 1. ______ our area early one morning. It was completely 2. ______. The shaking only lasted about twenty seconds, but it felt much 3. ______. My mother shouted at us to hide 4. ______ the dining table immediately. We were all very 5. ______, but we knew what to do. Thankfully, our house was strong and no one was hurt. However, many old buildings nearby were 6. ______ down. A few months later, a typhoon 7. ______ the coastal city where my grandma lives. The wind blew 8. ______ and the rain poured down for a whole day. Many trees fell onto the roads and power lines were broken. My grandma was 9. ______ in her apartment without electricity for two days. We were all worried about her. These experiences taught us the importance of being 10. ______ for anything. 1. A. hit       B. hits       C. hitting 2. A. sudden      B. suddenly      C. more sudden 3. A. long       B. longer       C. longest 4. A. under       B. on        C. against 5. A. scared      B. scary       C. scare 6. A. pulled      B. pulling      C. pull 7. A. swept      B. blew       C. hit 8. A. strong      B. stronger      C. strongly 9. A. stick       B. stuck       C. sticking 10. A. prepare      B. prepared      C. preparing 七、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构和上下文连贯要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。 Natural disasters are powerful and sometimes very 1. __________ (danger). For example, when an earthquake happens, the ground shakes 2. __________ (sudden). It is important not to run outside 3. __________ the shaking stops. You should stay indoors and hide under something 4. __________ (solid), like a strong desk. After you go outside, stay away 5. __________ buildings in case they fall down. Another common disaster is the flood. Heavy rainfalls can cause rivers to rise 6. __________ (quick) and overflow. If a flood warning is announced, you must move to 7. __________ (high) ground immediately. Never try to walk or drive through floodwater, as it can be much 8. __________ (deep) than it looks. 9. __________ (prepare) is the key to staying safe. Families should have an emergency kit ready, 10. __________ includes food, water, a flashlight, and a first-aid kit. 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $