Unit 9 Forces of Nature（任务型阅读专练）英语新教材仁爱科普版八年级下册

Unit 9 Forces of Nature任务型阅读专练 话题：自然灾害与防范 基础篇 01 A storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying fourteen homes. Seven other houses were badly damaged and their owners had to leave them, and fifteen other houses had broken windows or broken roofs. The storm killed one person and made several persons get hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm. A farmer Mr Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. “I was eating with my wife and children when we heard a loud noise,” he said. “A few minutes later, our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I noticed that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him, safe but very scared.” Mrs Smith said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children. “There was no time to take anything,” she said. “A few minutes later, the roof came down.” It rained heavily. Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded area. The welfare department brought them some food, dry clothes and shelter. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．How many people altogether were homeless after the storm? ___________________________________________________________ 2．How long did the storm last? ___________________________________________________________ 3．What was Mr Tan doing when he heard a loud noise? ___________________________________________________________ 4．Who helped to take people out of the flooded area? ___________________________________________________________ 5．What kind of aid did the welfare department provide to the affected people? ___________________________________________________________ 02 On December 18, 2023, a magnitude (震级) 6.2 earthquake hit Jishishan County in Linxia, Gansu Province. It was the most serious earthquake in the past nine years. Up to December 22nd, it had taken 117 lives and injured 781 people in Gansu Province. On April 3, 2024, A 7.3-magnitude earthquake shook the sea area near Hualien in China’s Taiwan. The earthquake hit at 7:58 a.m. and strong shakes were felt across Taiwan. Xinhua reporters in Taipei experienced serious shakes as their apartment building shook without stopping for over one minute. Taiwan lies right along the Pacific Ring of Fire. 90% of the world’s earthquakes happen in this Ring of Fire. Hualien last faced a deadly earthquake in 2018, which pulled down a historic hotel and many other buildings. The worst earthquake in Taiwan island in recent years happened on September 21st, 1999. Since it took place at midnight, its results were very serious—2,400 deaths and around 100,000 injuries. The earthquake was also felt in Shanghai and other provinces, including Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian and Guangdong. An earthquake may happen at any time. Although we can’t prevent an earthquake from happening, schools should hold earthquake drills often to teach students the ways to protect themselves. It’s very important for students to know what to do, where to be safe and who to call. Being prepared helps reduce disaster risks. 根据短文内容, 回答下列问题. 1．When did the earthquake hit Jishishan County? ___________________________________________________________ 2．How long did the 2024 Hualien earthquake last? ___________________________________________________________ 3．Where do 90% of earthquakes happen? ___________________________________________________________ 4．Who also felt the 1999 earthquake in Taiwan, people in Gansu or people in Jiangsu? ___________________________________________________________ 5．Why should students learn how to act during earthquakes? ___________________________________________________________ 03 Earthquakes may happen in some areas every year. How can we save ourselves when an earthquake happens? Remember the following advice that can keep you safe. Leave quickly. Leave the building quickly when the ground stops shaking. Don’t use a lift. It may be very dangerous. You should be careful and try not to fall down when you go downstairs. Accidents may happen when many people rush into crowded stairs. Remember to run to the ground away from street lights or power lines. Find a safe place. If you can’t leave in time, you should hide yourselves under a table and stay away from windows. If you are in a bus or car, stay in it. If you are in the mountains, be careful of falling rocks. Value lives. Some people care about the things that are valuable. You will lose the best opportunity to run away. Anything is less valuable than your lives. Keep calm. When you are caught in a building, you should keep calm. Don’t shout all the time. You should save your energy and try to find some food and water. 根据短文内容, 回答下列问题. 1．Is it safe to use a lift when an earthquake happens? __________________________________________________________ 2．Why should we avoid falling down when we go downstairs? ___________________________________________________________ 3．What should we do to keep safe if we can’t escape from the building in time? ___________________________________________________________ 4．What is the most valuable thing to us according to the passage? ___________________________________________________________ 5．将短文中画线部分翻译成中文。 ___________________________________________________________ 04 Natural disasters can hit anywhere, anytime, and being prepared is the key to staying safe. Earthquakes, typhoons, and floods are common natural disasters that can cause terrible damage and bring serious threats to safety. Earthquakes suddenly shake the ground, often without warning. To stay safe during an earthquake, people had better “Drop, Cover, and Hold On” until the shaking stops. You can find a strong table to hide under and hold on. Typhoons, known as hurricanes or cyclones in other parts of the world, can lead to strong winds and too much rain. Before a typhoon arrives, storing necessary things like food, water, and batteries is important. Floods can happen when rivers overflow because of too much rain. To prepare well, avoid building homes in the areas where floods often happen and place important electrical appliances (电器) up off the ground in your home. Having an emergency plan is also a must. By understanding these disasters and taking action, people can reduce the risk of harm and recover (恢复) more quickly after disasters happen. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．How many kinds of natural disasters are mentioned in the text? ___________________________________________________________ 2．Why are people advised to “Drop, Cover, and Hold On” until the shaking stops? ___________________________________________________________ 3．What can typhoons cause according to the text? ___________________________________________________________ 4．Please give another two natural disasters. ___________________________________________________________ 5．Why is an emergency plan important for dealing with natural disasters? ___________________________________________________________ 05 Earthquakes may happen in some areas every year. How can we save ourselves when an earthquake happens? Remember the following advice that can keep you safe. Leave quickly. Leave the building quickly when the ground stops shaking. Don’t use a lift. It may be very dangerous. You should be careful and try not to fall down when you go downstairs. Accidents may happen when many people rush into a crowded stair. Remember to run to the ground away from street lights or power lines. Find a safe place. If you can’t leave in time, you should hide yourselves under a table and stay away from windows. If you are in a bus or car, stay in it. If you are in the mountains, be careful of falling rocks. Value lives. Some people care about the things that are valuable. You will lose the best opportunity to run away. Anything is less valuable than your lives. Keep calm. When you are caught in a building, you should keep calm. Don’t shout all the time. You should save your energy and try to find some food and water. 根据短文内容, 回答下列问题. 1．Is it safe to use a lift when an earthquake happens? ___________________________________________________________ 2．Why should we avoid falling down when we go downstairs? ___________________________________________________________ 3．What should we do to keep safe if we can’t escape from the building in time? ___________________________________________________________ 4．What is the most valuable thing to us according to the passage? ___________________________________________________________ 5．What can we learn from the passage? ___________________________________________________________ 06 It’s normal to meet with a rainstorm on summer afternoons. Rainstorms are very dangerous for people and they can even kill people. So how can we stay safe during a rainstorm? Before a rainstorm When the sky suddenly turns dark and the wind becomes strong, it means a dangerous rainstorm might be coming. If there is lightning, don’t wait for rain. Act right away. At the first flash of lightning, quickly get into a building. During a rainstorm When you are indoors, be careful. It is not smart to go near doors or windows. Rain and wind can blow in or even break them. Do not use anything that runs on electricity (电), either. Water and electrical lines are like roads for lightning. You can’t use the phone. Lightning can travel through the phone line and hit you. If you can’t get to somewhere safe, stay out in the open. You may feel safe under a tree, but that is not a good place to be. The lightning could hit the tree and travel through the tree to hit you. Try to find a low place to stay in. After a rainstorm You should also be careful after the rainstorm stops. There is always too much water on the roads, so you should never drive or walk through a flooded road. You should watch your pets closely. Keep them indoors if possible. 根据短文内容, 回答下列问题. 1．When is it normal for a rainstorm to happen? ___________________________________________________________ 2．What does it mean when the sky suddenly turns dark and the wind becomes strong? ___________________________________________________________ 3．What should we do at the first flash of lightning? ___________________________________________________________ 4．Why shouldn’t we stay under a tree during a rainstorm? ___________________________________________________________ 5．Do you like rainy days? Why or why not? ___________________________________________________________ 培优篇 07 There was a little boy whose name was Peter. He lived in a village close to the sea. The villagers built sea walls to keep sea water from the doors of the houses. But once the sea walls almost put the village in great danger. One day, Peter was walking on his way back home along the sea wall when it began to rain. All of a sudden, he saw a hole in the wall, from which the sea water was running. Peter shouted for help but no answer came. He realized he should do something else as quickly as possible, or the sea water could be pouring over the whole village. He started to rush towards his village. At the same time, the rain became heavier and heavier. It was getting dark, but Peter rushed on and on. He felt cold and hungry. In the rainstorm, he fell down over and over again. Many times he thought about giving up, but he fought on. He remembered his father’s words, “Lots of strong men have made every effort to build the walls which can keep the village safe from danger. The sea walls are really important.” Finally, when the boy’s father saw him, Peter had been black and blue all over. The boy told the villages what had happened to the sea wall. They repaired it in time. “Thank God! He saved the village, ” they praised Peter. All the villagers called him “Peter the Guard” from then on. Peter’s parents were really proud of him! 根据短文内容, 回答下列问题. 1．Where did Peter live? ___________________________________________________________ 2．What did Peter do first after he saw a hole in the wall? ___________________________________________________________ 3．How did Peter feel when he rushed on and on? ___________________________________________________________ 4．Who told Peter about the importance of the sea walls? ___________________________________________________________ 5．Why did the villagers call Peter “Peter the Guard”? ___________________________________________________________ 08 There are some things in nature that we cannot stop from happening. A flood comes when there is too much water on the land. Sometimes, it is after a big storm when too much rain falls on the land. The fast flood water can hurt us and destroy our home. We cannot stop a flood from coming, but we can try to stop the water from coming into our homes. We can try to stop the water by making a wall. We can use sandbags to make the wall. An earthquake comes when the land moves. The land goes up and down and even cracks (断裂). We can get hurt by things that fall down in an earthquake. We cannot stop an earthquake from coming, but we can try to make our homes strong so that they do not fall down in an earthquake. A tornado (龙卷风) is the fast air that goes around and around over the land. A tornado can pick up anything. It can break anything that is on the way. A hurricane (飓风) is a big storm with fast strong winds and heavy rains. It begins on the sea and can come onto the land. Its fast winds can hurt us and destroy our homes. We cannot stop a tornado or a hurricane from coming, but we can get out of its way. We cannot stop the power of nature, but we can go to places where we can be safe. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．When does a flood come? ___________________________________________________________ 2．Why should we try to make our homes strong? ___________________________________________________________ 3．How can we try to stop the water? ___________________________________________________________ 4．What harm can a tornado do? (写出一个答案即可) ___________________________________________________________ 5．When facing a tornado or a hurricane, what can we do? ___________________________________________________________ 09 Tuesday, Jan. 6, 9:50 p.m. We were sitting in our warm living room. The TV was on, and everything was peaceful. Suddenly the light went on and off for a few times and then went out completely. Then the rain started, and everything went black. We found the flashlight and some candles and went to bed. Wednesday, Jan. 7, 7:30 a.m. My first thought after waking up was that it was pretty cold in my bedroom. Clearly, the power (电力供应) didn’t come back. After I looked out of the window, I felt even sadder: it was still raining heavily. The room was becoming colder and colder. We had no idea when the power would come back, so my wife started a fire in the fireplace. Thursday, Jan. 8, 12:30 p.m. The snow started. The poor trees now had to carry the heavy snow. The storm seemed to last and we had nothing to do but stay at home. Friday, Jan. 9, 6:00 p.m. Still no power. Even though we lit a few candles, it was still difficult to do anything in their weak light. I was sitting near several candles, but I had trouble reading. Saturday, Jan. 10, 1:00 p.m. The storm stopped this morning, and I drove my car to look for an open store. The trees along the roads were broken. I only bought the most necessary things: bread, some fruit, more drinking water and batteries (电池) for the flashlight. On my way home, the power came back and people were very happy. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．How did the writer’s family warm themselves? ___________________________________________________________ 2．What did the writer use to light up the room? ___________________________________________________________ 3．When did the storm stop? ___________________________________________________________ 4．What do you think you should prepare to do before a storm comes? (Write 30 words or more) ___________________________________________________________ 10 What to do in an earthquake Earthquakes always happen suddenly, so it is difficult to warn people about them. Usually people have little or no idea about what to do during an earthquake, so here is some advice. Inside 1. Do not jump out of high buildings. 2. Hide under a table. Stay away from windows and heavy furniture. Keep clear of fires. 3. Leave the building quickly when the ground stops shaking, but do not use the lift. 4. Keep calm, especially when you are with other people. Be brave and be helpful. Outside 1. Move away from buildings, because parts of a building may fall on you. 2. Do not stand under street lights or under power lines. 3. Stay away from bridges and trees. If you are in a bus or car, stay in it. 4. In the mountains, be careful of falling rocks. 5. On a beach, run away from the sea and move quickly to higher ground. In short, follow what you learnt in school. You can be safe and you can also help save others. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．Why don’t so many people know what to do during an earthquake? __________________________________________________________ 2．You are in a mountain. What should you do when the earthquake happens? __________________________________________________________ 3．During the earthquake, what things should you stay away from? (答出两条即可) __________________________________________________________ 4．Who is the article written to? __________________________________________________________ 5．What’s the writer’s purpose to write this passage? __________________________________________________________ 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 9 Forces of Nature任务型阅读专练 话题：自然灾害与防范 基础篇 01 A storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying fourteen homes. Seven other houses were badly damaged and their owners had to leave them, and fifteen other houses had broken windows or broken roofs. The storm killed one person and made several persons get hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm. A farmer Mr Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. “I was eating with my wife and children when we heard a loud noise,” he said. “A few minutes later, our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I noticed that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him, safe but very scared.” Mrs Smith said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children. “There was no time to take anything,” she said. “A few minutes later, the roof came down.” It rained heavily. Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded area. The welfare department brought them some food, dry clothes and shelter. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．How many people altogether were homeless after the storm? ___________________________________________________________ 2．How long did the storm last? ___________________________________________________________ 3．What was Mr Tan doing when he heard a loud noise? ___________________________________________________________ 4．Who helped to take people out of the flooded area? ___________________________________________________________ 5．What kind of aid did the welfare department provide to the affected people? ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．Over two hundred people. 2．For over an hour. 3．Eating with his wife and children. 4．Soldiers. 5．They brought food, dry clothes, and shelter. 【导语】 本文是记叙文，主要描述了风暴袭击两个村庄的破坏事件。 1．根据“Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.”可知，这场风暴过后，总共有两百多人无家可归了。故填Over two hundred people. 2．根据“A farmer, Mr Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour.”可知，这位农民谭先生说，风暴是清晨开始的，持续了一个多小时。故填For over an hour. 3．根据“‘I was eating with my wife and children when we heard a loud noise,’ he said.”可知，农夫说他当时正和妻子、孩子们一起吃饭，突然听到一声巨响。故填Eating with his wife and children. 4．根据“Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded area.”可知，士兵们帮助人们从洪水中撤离。故填Soldiers. 5．根据“The welfare department brought them some food, dry clothes and shelter.”可知，福利部门给他们送来了食物、干衣服和庇护所。故填They brought food, dry clothes, and shelter. 02 On December 18, 2023, a magnitude (震级) 6.2 earthquake hit Jishishan County in Linxia, Gansu Province. It was the most serious earthquake in the past nine years. Up to December 22nd, it had taken 117 lives and injured 781 people in Gansu Province. On April 3, 2024, A 7.3-magnitude earthquake shook the sea area near Hualien in China’s Taiwan. The earthquake hit at 7:58 a.m. and strong shakes were felt across Taiwan. Xinhua reporters in Taipei experienced serious shakes as their apartment building shook without stopping for over one minute. Taiwan lies right along the Pacific Ring of Fire. 90% of the world’s earthquakes happen in this Ring of Fire. Hualien last faced a deadly earthquake in 2018, which pulled down a historic hotel and many other buildings. The worst earthquake in Taiwan island in recent years happened on September 21st, 1999. Since it took place at midnight, its results were very serious—2,400 deaths and around 100,000 injuries. The earthquake was also felt in Shanghai and other provinces, including Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian and Guangdong. An earthquake may happen at any time. Although we can’t prevent an earthquake from happening, schools should hold earthquake drills often to teach students the ways to protect themselves. It’s very important for students to know what to do, where to be safe and who to call. Being prepared helps reduce disaster risks. 根据短文内容, 回答下列问题. 1．When did the earthquake hit Jishishan County? ___________________________________________________________ 2．How long did the 2024 Hualien earthquake last? ___________________________________________________________ 3．Where do 90% of earthquakes happen? ___________________________________________________________ 4．Who also felt the 1999 earthquake in Taiwan, people in Gansu or people in Jiangsu? ___________________________________________________________ 5．Why should students learn how to act during earthquakes? ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．On December 18, 2023. 2．For over one minute. 3．The Pacific Ring of Fire. 4．People in Jiangsu. 5．Because it can help them protect themselves. 【导语】本文主要介绍了我们无法阻止地震的发生，但是学校应该教学生在地震中如何保护自己。 1．根据“On December 18, 2023, a magnitude (震级) 6.2 earthquake hit Jishishan County in Linxia, Gansu Province.”可知，地震是在2023年12月18日发生的，故填 On December 18, 2023。 2．根据“Xinhua reporters in Taipei experienced serious shakes as their apartment building shook without stopping for over one minute.”可知，地震持续了一分多钟，故填 For over one minute。 3．根据“Taiwan lies right along the Pacific Ring of Fire. 90% of the world’s earthquakes happen in this Ring of Fire.”可知，90%的地震发生在环太平洋火山带，故填 The Pacific Ring of Fire。 4．根据“the earthquake was also felt in Shanghai and other provinces, including Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian and Guangdong.”可知，1999年在台湾的地震，江苏人也感觉到了，故填 People in Jiangsu。 5．根据“schools should hold earthquake drills often to teach students the ways to protect themselves.”可知，学生学习如何应对地震是为了保护他们自己，故填 Because it can help them protect themselves。 03 Earthquakes may happen in some areas every year. How can we save ourselves when an earthquake happens? Remember the following advice that can keep you safe. Leave quickly. Leave the building quickly when the ground stops shaking. Don’t use a lift. It may be very dangerous. You should be careful and try not to fall down when you go downstairs. Accidents may happen when many people rush into crowded stairs. Remember to run to the ground away from street lights or power lines. Find a safe place. If you can’t leave in time, you should hide yourselves under a table and stay away from windows. If you are in a bus or car, stay in it. If you are in the mountains, be careful of falling rocks. Value lives. Some people care about the things that are valuable. You will lose the best opportunity to run away. Anything is less valuable than your lives. Keep calm. When you are caught in a building, you should keep calm. Don’t shout all the time. You should save your energy and try to find some food and water. 根据短文内容, 回答下列问题. 1．Is it safe to use a lift when an earthquake happens? __________________________________________________________ 2．Why should we avoid falling down when we go downstairs? ___________________________________________________________ 3．What should we do to keep safe if we can’t escape from the building in time? ___________________________________________________________ 4．What is the most valuable thing to us according to the passage? ___________________________________________________________ 5．将短文中画线部分翻译成中文。 ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．No, it isn’t. 2．Because it may be very dangerous. 3．We should hide ourselves under a table and stay away from windows. 4．Our lives. 5．当地震发生时，我们能如何拯救我们自己呢？ 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了地震发生时的逃生与自救建议，包括快速撤离、寻找安全地点、重视生命、保持冷静等要点。 1．根据“Don’t use a lift. It may be very dangerous.”可知，地震时使用电梯不安全。故填No, it isn’t. 2．根据“You should be careful and try not to fall down when you go downstairs. Accidents may happen when many people rush into crowded stairs.”可知，下楼时摔倒可能会引发危险。故填Because it may be very dangerous. 3．根据“If you can’t leave in time, you should hide yourselves under a table and stay away from windows.”可知，若无法及时逃离，应躲在桌下并远离窗户。故填We should hide ourselves under a table and stay away from windows. 4．根据“Anything is less valuable than your lives.”可知，文章认为我们的生命是最宝贵的。故填Our lives. 5．分析句子可知，本句时态为一般现在时，用于描述客观情况并提出疑问。“How”为特殊疑问词，引导特殊疑问句，意为“如何”；“can we save”是疑问句的谓语部分，“can”是情态动词表示“能够”，“save”是实义动词意为“拯救”，“we”是句子主语；“ourselves”是反身代词，指代“我们自己”，作“save”的宾语；“when an earthquake happens”是时间状语从句，“when”引导时间状语，“an earthquake”是从句主语，“happens”是从句谓语，用一般现在时表客观发生的情况，意为“当地震发生时”。故填：当地震发生时，我们能如何拯救我们自己呢？ 04 Natural disasters can hit anywhere, anytime, and being prepared is the key to staying safe. Earthquakes, typhoons, and floods are common natural disasters that can cause terrible damage and bring serious threats to safety. Earthquakes suddenly shake the ground, often without warning. To stay safe during an earthquake, people had better “Drop, Cover, and Hold On” until the shaking stops. You can find a strong table to hide under and hold on. Typhoons, known as hurricanes or cyclones in other parts of the world, can lead to strong winds and too much rain. Before a typhoon arrives, storing necessary things like food, water, and batteries is important. Floods can happen when rivers overflow because of too much rain. To prepare well, avoid building homes in the areas where floods often happen and place important electrical appliances (电器) up off the ground in your home. Having an emergency plan is also a must. By understanding these disasters and taking action, people can reduce the risk of harm and recover (恢复) more quickly after disasters happen. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．How many kinds of natural disasters are mentioned in the text? ___________________________________________________________ 2．Why are people advised to “Drop, Cover, and Hold On” until the shaking stops? ___________________________________________________________ 3．What can typhoons cause according to the text? ___________________________________________________________ 4．Please give another two natural disasters. ___________________________________________________________ 5．Why is an emergency plan important for dealing with natural disasters? ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．Three./3. 2．To stay safe during an earthquake. 3．Strong winds and too much rain. 4．Drought, sandstorm. 5．Because it helps people reduce the risk of harm and recover more quickly after a disaster. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了地震、台风、洪水三种常见自然灾害的危害及应对措施，强调了准备工作在防灾中的重要性。 1．根据第一段“Earthquakes, typhoons, and floods are common natural disasters ...”可知，文中提到了3种自然灾害。故填：Three./3. 2．根据第二段“To stay safe during an earthquake, people had better ‘Drop, Cover, and Hold On’ until the shaking stops.”可知，这个动作是为了在地震中保障安全。故填：To stay safe during an earthquake. 3．根据第三段“Typhoons ... can lead to strong winds and too much rain.”可知，台风会带来强风和过量降雨。故填：Strong winds and too much rain. 4．本题为开放性问题，结合常见自然灾害作答即可。示例：Drought, sandstorm. 5．根据第五段“By understanding these disasters and taking action, people can reduce the risk of harm and recover more quickly after disasters happen.”可知，应急预案能帮助人们降低灾害风险，并在灾后更快恢复。故填：Because it helps people reduce the risk of harm and recover more quickly after a disaster. 05 Earthquakes may happen in some areas every year. How can we save ourselves when an earthquake happens? Remember the following advice that can keep you safe. Leave quickly. Leave the building quickly when the ground stops shaking. Don’t use a lift. It may be very dangerous. You should be careful and try not to fall down when you go downstairs. Accidents may happen when many people rush into a crowded stair. Remember to run to the ground away from street lights or power lines. Find a safe place. If you can’t leave in time, you should hide yourselves under a table and stay away from windows. If you are in a bus or car, stay in it. If you are in the mountains, be careful of falling rocks. Value lives. Some people care about the things that are valuable. You will lose the best opportunity to run away. Anything is less valuable than your lives. Keep calm. When you are caught in a building, you should keep calm. Don’t shout all the time. You should save your energy and try to find some food and water. 根据短文内容, 回答下列问题. 1．Is it safe to use a lift when an earthquake happens? ___________________________________________________________ 2．Why should we avoid falling down when we go downstairs? ___________________________________________________________ 3．What should we do to keep safe if we can’t escape from the building in time? ___________________________________________________________ 4．What is the most valuable thing to us according to the passage? ___________________________________________________________ 5．What can we learn from the passage? ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．No. /No, it isn’t. 2．Because accidents may happen when many people rush into a crowded stair. /Because it may be very dangerous. 3．We should hide ourselves under a table and stay away from windows. 4．Our lives. /My life. /The life. /The lives. /Lives. /Life. 5．We should remember some advice to keep safe when an earthquake happens. 【导语】本文主要介绍了地震发生时的自救安全建议，包括迅速离开建筑物、寻找安全地点、珍视生命、保持冷静等。 1．根据“Don’t use a lift. It may be very dangerous.”可知，地震时使用电梯可能非常危险，因此使用电梯不安全。故填No. /No, it isn’t. 2．根据“You should be careful and try not to fall down when you go downstairs. Accidents may happen when many people rush into a crowded stair.”可知，下楼梯时要避免摔倒，是因为拥挤的楼梯容易发生事故。故填Because accidents may happen when many people rush into a crowded stair. /Because it may be very dangerous. 3．根据“If you can’t leave in time, you should hide yourselves under a table and stay away from windows.”可知，若无法及时逃离建筑物，应躲在桌子下并远离窗户。故填We should hide ourselves under a table and stay away from windows. 4．根据“Anything is less valuable than your lives.”可知，生命是最宝贵的。故填Our lives. /My life. /The life. /The lives. /Lives. /Life. 5．通读全文可知，文章旨在教会我们如何在地震中保护自己、确保安全。故填We should remember some advice to keep safe when an earthquake happens. 06 It’s normal to meet with a rainstorm on summer afternoons. Rainstorms are very dangerous for people and they can even kill people. So how can we stay safe during a rainstorm? Before a rainstorm When the sky suddenly turns dark and the wind becomes strong, it means a dangerous rainstorm might be coming. If there is lightning, don’t wait for rain. Act right away. At the first flash of lightning, quickly get into a building. During a rainstorm When you are indoors, be careful. It is not smart to go near doors or windows. Rain and wind can blow in or even break them. Do not use anything that runs on electricity (电), either. Water and electrical lines are like roads for lightning. You can’t use the phone. Lightning can travel through the phone line and hit you. If you can’t get to somewhere safe, stay out in the open. You may feel safe under a tree, but that is not a good place to be. The lightning could hit the tree and travel through the tree to hit you. Try to find a low place to stay in. After a rainstorm You should also be careful after the rainstorm stops. There is always too much water on the roads, so you should never drive or walk through a flooded road. You should watch your pets closely. Keep them indoors if possible. 根据短文内容, 回答下列问题. 1．When is it normal for a rainstorm to happen? ___________________________________________________________ 2．What does it mean when the sky suddenly turns dark and the wind becomes strong? ___________________________________________________________ 3．What should we do at the first flash of lightning? ___________________________________________________________ 4．Why shouldn’t we stay under a tree during a rainstorm? ___________________________________________________________ 5．Do you like rainy days? Why or why not? ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．On summer afternoons. 2．It means a dangerous rainstorm might be coming. 3．We should quickly get into a building. 4．Because the lightning could hit the tree and travel through the tree to hit us. 5．Yes, I do. Because rainy days make the air fresh. / No, I don’t. Because it’s not convenient to go out on rainy days. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了暴雨天气的安全指南，详细说明了暴雨来临前、暴雨期间和暴雨结束后的安全注意事项。 1．根据“It’s normal to meet with a rainstorm on summer afternoons”可知，夏季下午遇到暴雨是正常的。故填On summer afternoons. 2．根据“When the sky suddenly turns dark and the wind becomes strong, it means a dangerous rainstorm might be coming”可知，当天空突然变暗，风变强时，意味着一场危险的暴雨可能即将来临。故填It means a dangerous rainstorm might be coming. 3．根据“At the first flash of lightning, quickly get into a building”可知，在第一次闪电时，应迅速进入建筑物。故填We should quickly get into a building. 4．根据“The lightning could hit the tree and travel through the tree to hit you”可知，在暴雨期间不应该待在树下，因为闪电可能会击中树并通过树击中你。故填Because the lightning could hit the tree and travel through the tree to hit us. 5．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes, I do. Because rainy days make the air fresh./ No, I don’t. Because it’s not convenient to go out on rainy days. 培优篇 07 There was a little boy whose name was Peter. He lived in a village close to the sea. The villagers built sea walls to keep sea water from the doors of the houses. But once the sea walls almost put the village in great danger. One day, Peter was walking on his way back home along the sea wall when it began to rain. All of a sudden, he saw a hole in the wall, from which the sea water was running. Peter shouted for help but no answer came. He realized he should do something else as quickly as possible, or the sea water could be pouring over the whole village. He started to rush towards his village. At the same time, the rain became heavier and heavier. It was getting dark, but Peter rushed on and on. He felt cold and hungry. In the rainstorm, he fell down over and over again. Many times he thought about giving up, but he fought on. He remembered his father’s words, “Lots of strong men have made every effort to build the walls which can keep the village safe from danger. The sea walls are really important.” Finally, when the boy’s father saw him, Peter had been black and blue all over. The boy told the villages what had happened to the sea wall. They repaired it in time. “Thank God! He saved the village, ” they praised Peter. All the villagers called him “Peter the Guard” from then on. Peter’s parents were really proud of him! 根据短文内容, 回答下列问题. 1．Where did Peter live? ___________________________________________________________ 2．What did Peter do first after he saw a hole in the wall? ___________________________________________________________ 3．How did Peter feel when he rushed on and on? ___________________________________________________________ 4．Who told Peter about the importance of the sea walls? ___________________________________________________________ 5．Why did the villagers call Peter “Peter the Guard”? ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．He lived in a village close to the sea. 2．He shouted for help. 3．He felt cold and hungry. 4．His father. 5．Because he saved the village. 【导语】本文是记叙文，有个名叫彼得的男孩，他住在靠近大海的一个小村庄里，村民们建造了海堤防止海水冲进家门。但是有一次海堤几乎把村庄陷入危险境地，这个男孩告诉村民海堤发生了什么事情，他们及时地修复了海堤。他挽救了村庄，彼得的父母也为他感到骄傲。 1．根据“There was a little boy whose name was Peter. He lived in a village close to the sea.”可知彼得住在靠近大海的一个小村庄里。故填He lived in a village close to the sea. 2．根据“All of a sudden, he saw a hole in the wall, from which the sea water was running. Peter shouted for help but no answer came.”可知，彼得在看见墙上有洞时首先做的是大声呼叫。故填He shouted for help. 3．根据“It was getting dark, but Peter rushed on and on. He felt cold and hungry.”可知当彼得继续跑时，他感到又冷又饿。故填He felt cold and hungry. 4．根据“Many times he thought about giving up, but he fought on. He remembered his father’s words,”可知，是父亲告诉了彼得海堤很重要。故填His father. 5．根据“‘Thank God! He saved the village,’ they praised Peter. All the villagers called him “Peter the Guard” from then on. Peter’s parents were really proud of him!”可知村民们称彼得为“彼得卫士”是因为他挽救了村庄。故填Because he saved the village. 08 There are some things in nature that we cannot stop from happening. A flood comes when there is too much water on the land. Sometimes, it is after a big storm when too much rain falls on the land. The fast flood water can hurt us and destroy our home. We cannot stop a flood from coming, but we can try to stop the water from coming into our homes. We can try to stop the water by making a wall. We can use sandbags to make the wall. An earthquake comes when the land moves. The land goes up and down and even cracks (断裂). We can get hurt by things that fall down in an earthquake. We cannot stop an earthquake from coming, but we can try to make our homes strong so that they do not fall down in an earthquake. A tornado (龙卷风) is the fast air that goes around and around over the land. A tornado can pick up anything. It can break anything that is on the way. A hurricane (飓风) is a big storm with fast strong winds and heavy rains. It begins on the sea and can come onto the land. Its fast winds can hurt us and destroy our homes. We cannot stop a tornado or a hurricane from coming, but we can get out of its way. We cannot stop the power of nature, but we can go to places where we can be safe. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．When does a flood come? ___________________________________________________________ 2．Why should we try to make our homes strong? ___________________________________________________________ 3．How can we try to stop the water? ___________________________________________________________ 4．What harm can a tornado do? (写出一个答案即可) ___________________________________________________________ 5．When facing a tornado or a hurricane, what can we do? ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．When there’s too much water on the land. 2．To make sure they don’t fall down. 3．By making a wall. 4．A tornado can pick up anything./ It can break anything. 5．We can get out of its way.（答案不唯一） 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了洪水、地震、龙卷风、飓风这些自然现象的成因、危害以及人们面对它们时可以采取的应对措施。 1．根据“A flood comes when there is too much water on the land.”可知，洪水在陆地上有太多水的时候来临。故填When there’s too much water on the land. 2．根据“We cannot stop an earthquake from coming, but we can try to make our homes strong so that they do not fall down in an earthquake.”可知，我们努力让房子坚固是为了确保它们在地震中不会倒塌。故填To make sure they don’t fall down. 3．根据“We can try to stop the water by making a wall.”可知，我们可以通过筑墙来试图阻止水。故填By making a wall. 4．根据“A tornado can pick up anything. It can break anything that is on the way.”可知，龙卷风能卷起任何东西（或能摧毁路上的任何东西）。故填A tornado can pick up anything./ It can break anything. 5．根据“We cannot stop a tornado or a hurricane from coming, but we can get out of its way.”可知，面对龙卷风或飓风，我们可以避开它们。故填We can get out of its way.（答案不唯一） 09 Tuesday, Jan. 6, 9:50 p.m. We were sitting in our warm living room. The TV was on, and everything was peaceful. Suddenly the light went on and off for a few times and then went out completely. Then the rain started, and everything went black. We found the flashlight and some candles and went to bed. Wednesday, Jan. 7, 7:30 a.m. My first thought after waking up was that it was pretty cold in my bedroom. Clearly, the power (电力供应) didn’t come back. After I looked out of the window, I felt even sadder: it was still raining heavily. The room was becoming colder and colder. We had no idea when the power would come back, so my wife started a fire in the fireplace. Thursday, Jan. 8, 12:30 p.m. The snow started. The poor trees now had to carry the heavy snow. The storm seemed to last and we had nothing to do but stay at home. Friday, Jan. 9, 6:00 p.m. Still no power. Even though we lit a few candles, it was still difficult to do anything in their weak light. I was sitting near several candles, but I had trouble reading. Saturday, Jan. 10, 1:00 p.m. The storm stopped this morning, and I drove my car to look for an open store. The trees along the roads were broken. I only bought the most necessary things: bread, some fruit, more drinking water and batteries (电池) for the flashlight. On my way home, the power came back and people were very happy. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．How did the writer’s family warm themselves? ___________________________________________________________ 2．What did the writer use to light up the room? ___________________________________________________________ 3．When did the storm stop? ___________________________________________________________ 4．What do you think you should prepare to do before a storm comes? (Write 30 words or more) ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．They started a fire in the fireplace. 2．The writer used candles and a flashlight. 3．The storm stopped on Saturday morning. 4．Before a storm comes, you should prepare flashlights, batteries, candles, food, drinking water, and warm clothes. It’s also important to have a fireplace or other heating sources ready in case the power goes out. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者一家在暴风雪期间断电后的生活经历。 1．根据“we had no idea when the power would come back, so my wife started a fire in the fireplace.”可知，作者一家通过壁炉生火取暖。故填They started a fire in the fireplace. 2．根据“We found the flashlight and some candles”和“Even though we lit a few candles”可知，作者用手电筒和蜡烛照明。故填The writer used candles and a flashlight. 3．根据“The storm stopped this morning”可知，暴风雪在周六早上停止。故填The storm stopped on Saturday morning. 4．本题答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：结合生活常识和文章可知，暴风雪前应准备手电筒、电池、蜡烛、食物、饮用水和保暖衣物，并确保有取暖设备。故填Before a storm comes, you should prepare flashlights, batteries, candles, food, drinking water, and warm clothes. It’s also important to have a fireplace or other heating sources ready in case the power goes out. 10 What to do in an earthquake Earthquakes always happen suddenly, so it is difficult to warn people about them. Usually people have little or no idea about what to do during an earthquake, so here is some advice. Inside 1. Do not jump out of high buildings. 2. Hide under a table. Stay away from windows and heavy furniture. Keep clear of fires. 3. Leave the building quickly when the ground stops shaking, but do not use the lift. 4. Keep calm, especially when you are with other people. Be brave and be helpful. Outside 1. Move away from buildings, because parts of a building may fall on you. 2. Do not stand under street lights or under power lines. 3. Stay away from bridges and trees. If you are in a bus or car, stay in it. 4. In the mountains, be careful of falling rocks. 5. On a beach, run away from the sea and move quickly to higher ground. In short, follow what you learnt in school. You can be safe and you can also help save others. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．Why don’t so many people know what to do during an earthquake? __________________________________________________________ 2．You are in a mountain. What should you do when the earthquake happens? __________________________________________________________ 3．During the earthquake, what things should you stay away from? (答出两条即可) __________________________________________________________ 4．Who is the article written to? __________________________________________________________ 5．What’s the writer’s purpose to write this passage? __________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．Because earthquakes always happen suddenly. 2．I should be careful of falling rocks. 3．Windows and heavy furniture. 4．Students. 5．Tell students some advice on what to do during an earthquake. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了地震发生时的注意事项。 1．根据“Earthquakes always happen suddenly, so it is difficult to warn people about them”可知，因为地震发生太突然，所以人们不知道该做什么。故填Because earthquakes always happen suddenly. 2．根据“In the mountains, be careful of falling rocks.”可知，在山上时，若发生地震，应该小心落石。故填I should be careful of falling rocks. 3．根据“Hide under a table. Stay away from windows and heavy furniture.”可知，地震发生时，应该远离窗户和重的家具。故填Windows and heavy furniture. 4．根据“In short, follow what you learnt in school.”可知，这篇文章是写给学生的。故填Students. 5．根据“Usually people have little or no idea about what to do during an earthquake, so here is some advice.”及全文可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是为了告诉学生们一些关于在地震期间应该做什么的建议。故填Tell students some advice on what to do during an earthquake. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $