Unit 3 The world of Science Using language 语法 课件-2025-2026学年高一下学期英语外研版必修第三册

该高中英语课件聚焦“现在完成时的被动语态”，通过先复习现在完成时和被动语态基础，再结合科学主题例句（如书籍出版、3D打印应用）构建从基础到复合结构的学习支架，帮助学生衔接前后知识。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与科学主题，通过真实语境例句（3D打印医学应用）、主动被动对比分析提升语言理解与表达，培养思维品质。采用任务型活动（实验室被盗描述、科学家介绍）和构词法学习（-ist/-ian职业词汇），助力学习能力发展。学生能在科学情境中掌握语法，教师可获得系统练习与跨学科素材，提升教学效率。

Unit 3 The world of science 【Using language 】 Present perfect passive Review 现在完成时(present perfect tense)： ①表示发生在过去的动作或状态，对现在造成结果或影响。 I have lost my pen.我把钢笔丢了。 He has already left.他已经走了。 ②动作从过去开始，一直延续到现在，且有可能继续持续下去。 She has lived here for five years.她住这儿五年了。 We have known each other since 2018.从 2018 年我们就认识。 被动语态(passive voice)1. 不知道动作执行者是谁。 My bike was stolen last night.我的自行车昨晚被偷了。 2. 没必要强调动作执行者是谁。 Many new houses were built here.这里建了许多新房子。 3. 强调动作的承受者，突出重点。 The book is loved by many students.这本书受到很多学生喜爱。 4. 出于礼貌、委婉、正式场合，用被动更委婉正式。 Rules must be obeyed.规则必须被遵守。 The mistakes should be corrected at once.错误应当立刻被改正。 一、现在完成时的被动语态概念和构成 1）概念 现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动动作，它有两层意思： （1）动作已经完成，强调对现在造成的影响或结果： (2)主语与谓语动词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。 This evening, I’ll be talking to Dr Richard Fairhurst, whose new book The New Age of Invention has just ____________ (publish). (Para. 1) I guess you _____________(ask) about the title of your book before.(Para. 3) In addition, important advances _______________ (make) in medicine and environmental science thanks to increasing computer power.(Para. 6) been published have been asked have been made 现在完成时的被动 Present perfect passive New inventions like 3D printers _____________ (use) to make replacement hearts and bone parts.(Para. 8) 5.I have also _________(tell) that you’re an inventor yourself.(Para.10) 6. Nothing like this ______________ (invent) yet and I’d say we’re a long way from an invention like that at the moment!(Para. 14) have been used been told has been invented 上述句子的谓语动词结构均为_______________________， 即_______________________。 have/has+been done 现在完成时的被动 has been published 已经被出版 have been asked 曾被问到过 have been made 已经被取得 have been used 已经被用来 have been told 曾被告知 has been invented 已被发明出来 肯定式 主语 +have/has been done 否定句 主语 +have/has not been done 一般疑问句 have/has +主语+ been done...? 特殊疑问句 疑问词+have/has+主语+been done...? Rules No.1:表示一个被动动作发生在说话之前，强调对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already, yet, just, ever, never, recently,in the past /last few days,since,before,so far等连用。 ① “China speed”has been given new meanings in the past decade. 在过去的十年间，“中国速度”已经被赋予了新的含义。 ②The new hospital has been completed now. 新医院现已建成。 Rules No.2:表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去, 持续到现在, 并可能持续下去, 常与for或since等引导的时间状语连用, 或用于How long. . . ? 句型中。 The machine has been repaired for two hours. 这台机器已修了两小时了。 Modern methods have been employed only since the mid-1980s. 现代方法自从20世纪80年代中期才被采用。 How long has the car been repaired? 这辆车修了多久？ 语法 形式 意义 关系 一般过去时被动语态 be done 表示被动意义 表示一个被动的动作发生在过去，其结果对现在没有影响。 现在完成时的被动语态 have/has been done 表示被动意义 动作或状态尽管发生在过去，强调说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。 ATTENTION！！！现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词, 即 have/has和been,两者缺一不可。 Rules No.3:由finish, buy, start, begin, post, return, borrow, join, marry, open等非延续性动词构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语如for four days, how long等连用, 而要改换动词或时态。但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程, 具有延续性, 因而可与since或for引导的时间段连用。 ❌ The meeting has been started for ten minutes.(start 是瞬间动词) ✅ The meeting has been on for ten minutes. （换延续动词 be on） ✅ The meeting started ten minutes ago. （一般过去时） Rules No.4:有些动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持其完整性，不可省略这些动词短语中的介词或副词。e.g. look at, take care of, listen to, depend on等。 The injured bird has been looked after since it was saved. (after不可漏掉) 那只受伤的小鸟获救后一直被照看着。 单句语法填空 1. Over the past ten years, this town_________________(hit) twice by earthquakes. 2. The construction of the laboratory_________________(complete) by the end of last year. 3. Since the cause of this disease___________________(discover), now we need to develop the medicine to treat it. 4. A great deal of money___________________(spend) in saving the lives of the trapped miners since last week. has been hit had been completed has been discovered has been spent 1. He _______________(select) to take part in the sports meeting already. 2. The ink ____________ ____(not) removed from his overcoat. 3. _______the date for the next meeting___________(decide)? 4. How long ______the battery ____________(not change)? has been selected has not been removed Has been decided has been changed 【即学活用】 完成句子/单句翻译 1. The boys ________________________(已经被多次告知) not to swim in that lake, but it doesn’t make any difference. 2. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _________________(没有确定）yet. 3. That book ___________________(已经被翻译）into at last 20 foreign languages so far. has been told many times has not been decided has been translated 0,000 people reading my blog! b I love to photograph the rising sun, … a. I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before. b. New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts. Q1. What has happened to “you” in sentence (a)? Someone has asked “you” about the title of your book before. Activity1. Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.(P38) 0,000 people reading my blog! b I love to photograph the rising sun, … a. I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before. b. New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts. Q2. Who has used new inventions to make replacement hearts and bone parts in sentence (b)? People have used 3D printers to make replacement hearts and bone parts. Activity1. Look at the sentences from the reading passageand answer the questions.(P38) 0,000 people reading my blog! b I love to photograph the rising sun, … Q3. What is the difference between the two groups of sentences? Group(a, b)___________________________. Group(c, d)___________________________. passive form with the subjects active form with the subjects a. I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before. b. New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts. c. I guess someone has asked you about the title of your book before. d. People have used new inventions like 3D printers to make replacement hearts and bone parts. 0,000 people reading my blog! b I love to photograph the rising sun, … Q4. Why does the author choose to use the passive form instead of the active form in the reading passage? a. I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before. b. New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts. c. I guess someone has asked you about the title of your book before. d. People have used new inventions like 3D printers to make replacement hearts and bone parts. The author chooses to use the passive form instead of the active form to emphasise what has been done, rather than who or what does the action. Activity2. Rewrite the underlined parts using the present perfect passive. (P38) Many things in our lives have already been affected, 3D-printed hamburgers have been served to customers in some restaurants in London. But perhaps the most significant success that has been achieved to date is in medicine. Human body parts, including a beating heart, have been made with 3D printing technology. A new 3D-printed shell has been given to a turtle injured in a forest fire! Activity3. Imagine you are Dr Moore. Look at the pictures and tell the police about the damage and loss to your lab. Use the present perfect passive where appropriate. (P39) 1. The lock on the door has been broken. 2. The window has been broken. 3. My two laptops have been stolen. 4. Beakers and test tubes have been destroyed. 5. The book case has been opened, and some files have been taken away while others have been thrown everywhere. 6. The robot has been damaged. Activity4. Look at the pictures and answer the questions. 1. What do you know about these careers? 2. What famous scientists can you name in these fields? Career in science A physicist is a person who does research connected with physics or who studies physics. A mathematician is a person who is trained in the study of numbers and calculations. A chemist is a person who does research connected with chemistry or who studies chemistry. An astronomer is a scientist who studies the stars, planets, and other natural objects in space. A geographer is a person who studies geography or is an expert in it. A biologist is a person who studies or works in the field of biology. Noun. -ist Noun. -ian science scientist art novel piano society artist novelist pianist socialist library comedy physics history music librarian comedian musician physician historian Word formation -er -ist -ian Make a classification according to the pictures. driver; engineer; farmer; employer; manager; pioneer; waiter; worker; writer librarian; musician; politician; physician artist; cyclist; dentist; ecologist; journalist; novelist; psychologist; specialist; tourist; typist; pianist; -er -ist -ian Do you know the famous figure? Who are they? 郭守敬 达尔文 郦道元 居里夫人 陈景润 Complete the introductions about different scientists with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the language that describes their careers. (P40) Complete the introductions about different scientists. （P40） astronomer biologist geographer physicist chemist mathematicians Complete the introductions about different scientists. （P40） Pair work Think about other careers in science and discuss what interests you most. Listening & speaking 40 What is Alzheimer’s disease? 失调；紊乱 What is Alzheimer’s disease? Who are the common Alzheimer patients? Is it curable? What are scientists trying to deal with it? Do you know any inventions related to it? /ˈæltsaɪmə/ Look at the pictures and describe the pictures. a. The boy is inventing something. b. The couple are keeping an eye on the old man. c. The old man gets lost. d. One is drawing socks. e. The boy knows where the old man goes through the phone. Listen to the conversation and number the pictures in the correct order. (P41) a pair of socks designed for people with Alzheimer’s disease a student from New York His grandfather A warning gets out of bed Mike Anna Listen again and complete the notes.(P41) Talk about how the speakers describe the story behind an invention. Listen again if necessary. He used exclamatory sentences to describe the story. Like “How amazing!” “What a useful invention and caring grandson!” □ Learning to learn Exclamatory sentences express strong emotions, such as surprise, shock, joy, emphasis and excitement. These are usually formed with what or how, and in written form usually end with an exclamation mark. Telling the story behind an invention The telephone was invented by ... in ... When he ... He later, and finally ... The first phone call was about ... It is interesting that ... Useful expressions 46 Thanks 145665.17 $