Unit 4 Space Exploration Grammar 动词不定式做定语和状语练习-2025-2026学年高一英语人教版必修第三册

Unit 4 Space Exploration 动词不定式做定语和状语 一、单句语法填空 1．She was the first one (host) this kind of talk show，but it was really a big success. 【答案】to host 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她是第一个主持这种脱口秀的人，但这确实是一个巨大的成功。空格处应用非谓语动词作定语，代词one之前被序数词所修饰，需要用不定式作后置定语。故填to host。 2．Although this spacecraft was successfully launched, its first attempt (fly) didn’t go as smoothly as planned. 【答案】to fly 【详解】考查不定式。句意：虽然这艘宇宙飞船成功发射，但它的第一次飞行尝试并不像计划的那样顺利。attempt意为“尝试”，其后跟不定式作后置定语，故填to fly。 3．New Zealand was the first country in the world (give) the vote to women in 1893. 【答案】to give 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：1893年，新西兰成为世界上第一个给予妇女投票权的国家。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里的名词country前面有序数词the first修饰，后面需要用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to give。 4．Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal (achieve). 【答案】to achieve 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：将人类送到其他星球或者甚至是太阳系以外，都是一项很难实现的目标。根据句子分析可知，此处表示“做某事的目的”，表达为the goal to do sth.，故此处应用动词不定式作定语，故填to achieve。 5．He missed a golden opportunity (score) in the first half. 【答案】to score 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他在上半场错失了一次得分的黄金机会。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为missed，本空为opportunity的定语，opportunity的定语通常用不定式。故填to score。 6．There is still something (do) even we have already finished the work. 【答案】to do 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：即使我们已经完成了这项工作，仍有一些事情要做。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作something的定语。动作还未发生，不定代词后用动词不定式修饰作定语。故填to do。 7．The decision (leave) for the small island for a holiday is really exciting. 【答案】to leave 【详解】考查不定式。句意：去小岛度假的这个决定真是令人兴奋。the decision to do sth.意为“做某事的决定”，其中不定式作后置定语。故填to leave。 8．The boy was the first person (come) up with the wise idea to solve the problem. 【答案】to come 【详解】考查不定式。句意：这个男孩是第一个提出聪明的想法解决问题的人。分析句子结构并结合含义可知，该处应当是作后置定语修饰person。person被序数词所修饰，应使用不定式做后置定语。故填to come。 9．Her attempt (break) the world record nearly came off. 【答案】to break 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她尝试打破世界纪录，已经接近成功了。名词attempt“尝试，试图”后面应该用不定式to do sth作后置定语。故填to break。 10．He studied hard in an attempt (pass) the exam. 【答案】to pass 【详解】考查不定式。句意：他努力学习，试图通过考试。结合句意空处应填不定式，作后置定语，in an attempt to do...意为“试图；力图”，固定搭配。故填to pass。 11．In our school, he is the only student (attend) the important meeting. 【答案】to attend 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：他是我们学校唯一一个参加该重要会议的学生。名词前有序数词或the only等修饰时，后面跟不定式作后置定语，be the only one to do sth表示“唯一一个做某事的人”，用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to attend。 12．China was the third nation (send) a man into space. 【答案】to send 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国是第三个将人送入太空的国家。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定句型：be +序数词+to do意为“第几做某事”。故填to send。 13．The host introduced the proper way (wear) a mask to the audience at the end of the programme. 【答案】to wear 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：主持人在节目最后向观众介绍了正确佩戴口罩的方法。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，根据the way to do sth. 意为“做某事的方法”可知，此处应使用动词不定式形式，且表示主动意义。故填to wear。 14．The medical workers’ desire (protect) people’s lives at all costs is reflected in such an act. 【答案】to protect 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：医务工作者们不惜一切代价保护人民生命的愿望在这一行动中得到了体现。desire to do sth. 意为“做某事的愿望”，此处是不定式作后置定语，故填to protect。 15．The only way for us (survive) is to respect nature. 【答案】to survive 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们生存的唯一办法就是尊重自然。the way to do sth. “做某事的方法”，其中不定式作way的定语。故填to survive。 16．The only way (improve) economic growth is to continue with win-win thinking: what is good for one country is good for another one. 【答案】to improve 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：促进经济增长的唯一途径是继续坚持双赢思维，即对一个国家有利的东西对另一个国家也是有利的。分析句子结构可知________(improve) economic growth充当定语，修饰The only way，应用不定式，故填to improve. 17．The committee put forward a proposal (reduce) the time limit. 【答案】to reduce 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该委员会提出了一个缩短时限的建议。名词proposal跟不定式作定语。故填to reduce。 18．With the ability (stimulate) metabolism (新陈代谢), tea is well received by most people, which, unlike coffee, has no undesirable side effects. 【答案】to stimulate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：茶具有促进新陈代谢的能力，受到大多数人的欢迎，与咖啡不同，茶没有不良的副作用。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词ability，根据固定用法，修饰ability时使用不定式形式，结合句意，此处表主动意义。故填to stimulate。 19．If you don’t like something, you almost always have the power (change)it. 【答案】to change　 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你不喜欢某件事，你几乎总是有能力去改变它。固定搭配have the power to do sth. “有能力做某事”，其中不定式为后置定语。故填to change。 20．Well, our committee has a major role (play) in maintaining air and water quality. 【答案】to play 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：嗯，我们委员会在保持空气和水的质量方面起着重要作用。have a role to play是固定短语，意为“起到作用；扮演角色”，不定式作后置定语。故填to play。 21．As a tradition, all the family members gather together (celebrate) the Mid-Autumn Festival. 【答案】to celebrate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为传统，所有的家庭成员聚在一起庆祝中秋节。用不定式在句中作目的状语。根据句意，故填to celebrate。 22．Jay decided to go to England (continue) his further education. 【答案】to continue 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：杰伊决定去英国继续深造。句中用不定式作目的状语。根据句意，故填to continue。 23．There are hundreds of thousands of scientific researchers coordinating (make) technological breakthroughs and tackle major sci-tech problems. 【答案】 to make 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：成千上万的科研人员协同开展科技攻关，攻克重大科技难题。结合句意，句中用不定式作目的状语。根据句意，故填to make。 24． (create) the film, Greenpeace UK teamed up with Aardman Animations, as well as Oscar-winning actors and stars. 【答案】To create 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：为了制作这部电影，英国绿色和平组织与阿德曼动画公司以及奥斯卡获奖演员和明星合作。此处用动词不定式（to do）做目的状语，首字母大写。故填To create。 25．Parents and children should communicate more (narrow) the generation gap between them. 【答案】to narrow 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：父母和孩子应该多沟通，以缩小他们之间的代沟。narrow作动词，意为“使……缩小”；根据句意，设空处应用动词不定式，作目的状语。故填to narrow. 26．More and more young people move to big cities because they have the opportunity (get) high-paid jobs. 【答案】to get 【详解】考查不定式。句意：越来越多的年轻人移居到大城市，因为他们有机会找到高薪的工作 。分析句子可知，opportunity后接不定式作宾语，故填to get。 27． (support) his family, he works 12 hours a day, 7 days a week. 【答案】To support 【详解】考查不定式。句意：为了养家糊口，他每周工作7天，每天工作12小时。根据句意可知，空格处用不定式表目的，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，故填To support。 28． (test) the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. 【答案】To test 【详解】考查不定式。句意：为了测试社会影响对饮食习惯的影响，研究人员进行了两项实验。test用不定式作目的状语，首字母大写。故填To test。 29．Students who are brave enough (take) this  adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills 【答案】to take 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有足够勇气参加这门冒险的同学们肯定会学到很多有用的技能。固定结构：形容词+enough+to do意为“足够……做某事”，空处应为不定式做状语，故填to take。 30．She hurried to the cinema, only (tell) that the tickets had been sold out. 【答案】to be told 【详解】考查不定式和被动语态。句意：她匆匆赶到电影院，却被告知电影票已经卖完了。根据句意可知，空格处用“only+不定式”表示出乎意料的结果，她是被告知，因此空格处用不定式的被动语态，即to be done，故填to be told。 31．Roze’s chain shops are helpful (establish)Roze as the inventor of the modern restaurant. 【答案】to establish 建立 【详解】 考查不定式。句意：罗泽连锁店有助于建立罗泽作为现代餐厅的发明者。be helpful to为固定搭配，意为“对……有帮助”，to是不定式符号，接动词原形构成不定式作状语。故填to establish。 Sentence meaning: for a fixed collocation, meaning””. 32．The road being under construction, the citizens have no choice but (ride) bicycles to go to work or go to school. 【答案】to ride 【详解】考查固定用法。have no choice but后跟动词不定式：非...不可,除...之外别无他法，所以此处填to ride。 33．A two-month old baby from Afghanistan gets a helping hand (catch) some sleep in an old building near the town of Mytilene on Greece's Lesbos Island on Tuesday. 【答案】to catch 【详解】考查不定式做结果状语。句意：在星期二，一个两个月大的来自阿富汗的婴儿得到了帮助，在希腊莱斯博斯岛 Mytilene 镇附近的一栋老房子里睡觉。分析句子可知，婴儿得到了帮助，得以睡觉是帮助后的结果。故填to catch。 34．She was stupid enough (lose)weight only by going on a diet. 【答案】to lose 【详解】考查非谓语动词，句意：她足够愚蠢，想只通过节食来减轻体重。be +形容词+enough+to do sth.结构意为“（某人或物）足够……做某事”，常用来表述某人或某物的能力或特征，故填to lose。 35．The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy （watch）anything that happened to be on. 【答案】to watch 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那位老人每天晚上坐在电视机前，看电视上播放的任何电视节目都很高兴。分析句子结构可知，逗号后面是形容词短语做状语，形容词happy后应接动词不定式做原因状语，表示高兴的原因。根据句意，故填to watch。 36．Credibility is hard to earn but easy （lose）, and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out. 【答案】to lose 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：赢得信誉很难，但是失去却很容易，这个问题从现在开始只会变得更难。本句包含“主语+be+adj.+不定式”结构。设空处与“to earn”并列，形容词后的不定式作状语，与句子的主语是动宾关系，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。故填to lose。 37．I’m afraid we’ll have to work extra hours, for some problems are hard   (settle). 【答案】to settle 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：恐怕我们得加班了，因为有些问题难以解决。分析句子结构，空处需填动词不定式作原因状语，修饰形容词hard，句子的主语some problems是不定式的逻辑宾语，故此处用主动形式表示被动意义。故填to settle。 38．We will be more than happy (receive) materials, such as clothes, quilts and school supplies. 【答案】to receive 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我们将非常乐意收到诸如衣服、棉被和学习用品等材料。We will be more than happy可知此处要用动词不定式，作原因状语。故填to receive。 39．In the 20th century, milk could be transported and became easier and gradually more popular worldwide. (preserve) 【答案】to preserve 【详解】考查不定式。句意：在20世纪，牛奶可以运输，也更容易保存，逐渐在世界范围内流行起来。当形容词表示的是主语的性质时，应用不定式主动表被动。故填to preserve。 40．Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy (care) for and make great presents. 【答案】to care 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：竹子与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。它们很容易照顾，也是很好的礼物。此处为固定句型：主语+ be+ adj.+ to do，be easy to care for“容易照顾”。根据句意，故填to care。 二、完成句子 41． ; they are powerful tools for networking and building communities. 社交媒体平台不仅仅是分享照片的地方；它们是强大的网络建设和社群构建工具。 【答案】Social media platforms are more than just places to share photos 【详解】考查动词时态和固定短语。表示“社交媒体平台”用social media platforms ；表示“不仅仅是”用be more than just；表示“分享照片的地方”用 places to share photos。根据后文的are和句意，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时，所以be动词应为are，同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填 Social media platforms are more than just places to share photos。 42． I have that I don’t know those naughty boys. 我有如此多的家务要做以至于不知道该如何对付那些淘气的男孩。 【答案】 so much housework to do how to deal with/what to do with 【详解】考查不定式及固定短语。第一空表示“如此多的家务要做”，译为so much housework to do，用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义，充当housework的定语，表示动作尚未发生；第二空表示“如何对付”，译为how to deal with/what to do with，用“疑问词+不定式”结构充当know的宾语。deal with和do with都表示“对付，处理”，但deal with常与疑问词how搭配，而do with则与疑问词what搭配，故填①so much housework to do ②how to deal with/what to do with。 43．It was not only for the delicious food that we seldom got to eat, but for the opportunity to . 不仅可以吃到平时难以吃到的美食，而且全家人能有机会团聚在一起。 【答案】have our whole family gathered together 【详解】考查非谓语动词。此处为have+宾语+宾语补足语结构，表示“全家人”用our whole family，作宾语；表示“团聚在一起”应用过去分词短语gathered together，作宾语补足语。此处为不定式作后置定语修饰名词opportunity，应填原形。故填have our whole family gathered together。 44．The donator donated lots of money to charity, hoping his donation can make the world . 捐赠者向慈善机构捐赠了很多钱，希望他的捐赠能让世界变得更美好。 【答案】a better place to live in 【详解】考查动词不定式。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“一个更美好的居住的地方”，应用名词短语a better place表示“一个更好的地方”，“居住”live in，live用不定式形式作后置定语修饰名词place。故填a better place to live in。 45．I will make the best of the opportunity . 我将充分利用这次与他们交换意见的机会。 【答案】to exchange ideas with them 【详解】考查不定式。the opportunity to do“做……的机会”，空处应用不定式作后置定语修饰名词opportunity，“与他们交换意见”exchange ideas with them，exchange用动词不定式形式。故填to exchange ideas with them。 46．We must start taking effective measures . 为了挽救我们自己，我们必须开始采取有效措施来保护环境。 【答案】to protect the environment so as to save ourselves 【详解】考查动词不定式、动词短语和固定短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为动词短语take measures to do“采取措施做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式，表示“保护环境”应为动词短语protect the environment；表示“以便，为了”应为固定短语so as to；表示“挽救我们自己”应为动词短语save ourselves。故填to protect the environment so as to save ourselves。 47．One of their neighbours sent a text message . 他们的一个邻居发短信抱怨钢琴的声音。 【答案】to complain about/of the sound of the piano 【详解】考查动词不定式和动词短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为动词不定式to do表示“为了……”作目的状语，表示“抱怨钢琴的声音”应为动词短语complain about/of the sound of the piano。故填to complain about/of the sound of the piano。 48．But , we prepare Chinese dishes, too. 但是为了庆祝这个节日，我们也准备了中国菜。 【答案】to celebrate this festival 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“庆祝”应用动词celebrate；表示“这个节日”为this festival，作目的状语，用不定式。故填to celebrate this festival。 49． , our government has set up some nature reserves. 我们的政府已建立一些自然保护区来保护大熊猫。 【答案】To save giant pandas 【详解】考查非谓语动词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“来保护大熊猫”，应用动词不定式形式表目的，作目的状语，“保护”也可理解为“救”，用动词save，“大熊猫”是giant panda，使用复数形式表示泛指，位于句首的单词首字母大写。故填To save giant pandas。 50．I was curious what would happen next. 我很好奇接下来会发生什么事。 【答案】 to see/know 【详解】考查动词不定式。固定搭配：be curious to do sth.“好奇做某事”；结合句意，动词不定式to see/know符合题意，且在句中作原因状语。故填to see/know。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Space Exploration 动词不定式做定语和状语 一、单句语法填空 1．She was the first one (host) this kind of talk show，but it was really a big success. 2．Although this spacecraft was successfully launched, its first attempt (fly) didn’t go as smoothly as planned. 3．New Zealand was the first country in the world (give) the vote to women in 1893. 4．Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal (achieve). 5．He missed a golden opportunity (score) in the first half. 6．There is still something (do) even we have already finished the work. 7．The decision (leave) for the small island for a holiday is really exciting. 8．The boy was the first person (come) up with the wise idea to solve the problem. 9．Her attempt (break) the world record nearly came off. 10．He studied hard in an attempt (pass) the exam. 11．In our school, he is the only student (attend) the important meeting. 12．China was the third nation (send) a man into space. 13．The host introduced the proper way (wear) a mask to the audience at the end of the programme. 14．The medical workers’ desire (protect) people’s lives at all costs is reflected in such an act. 15．The only way for us (survive) is to respect nature. 16．The only way (improve) economic growth is to continue with win-win thinking: what is good for one country is good for another one. 17．The committee put forward a proposal (reduce) the time limit. 18．With the ability (stimulate) metabolism (新陈代谢), tea is well received by most people, which, unlike coffee, has no undesirable side effects. 19．If you don’t like something, you almost always have the power (change)it. 20．Well, our committee has a major role (play) in maintaining air and water quality. 21．As a tradition, all the family members gather together (celebrate) the Mid-Autumn Festival. 22．Jay decided to go to England (continue) his further education. 23．There are hundreds of thousands of scientific researchers coordinating (make) technological breakthroughs and tackle major sci-tech problems. 24． (create) the film, Greenpeace UK teamed up with Aardman Animations, as well as Oscar-winning actors and stars. 25．Parents and children should communicate more (narrow) the generation gap between them. 26．More and more young people move to big cities because they have the opportunity (get) high-paid jobs. 27． (support) his family, he works 12 hours a day, 7 days a week. 28． (test) the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. 29．Students who are brave enough (take) this  adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills 30．She hurried to the cinema, only (tell) that the tickets had been sold out. 31．Roze’s chain shops are helpful (establish)Roze as the inventor of the modern restaurant. 32．The road being under construction, the citizens have no choice but (ride) bicycles to go to work or go to school. 33．A two-month old baby from Afghanistan gets a helping hand (catch) some sleep in an old building near the town of Mytilene on Greece's Lesbos Island on Tuesday. 34．She was stupid enough (lose)weight only by going on a diet. 35．The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy （watch）anything that happened to be on. 36．Credibility is hard to earn but easy （lose）, and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out. 37．I’m afraid we’ll have to work extra hours, for some problems are hard   (settle). 38．We will be more than happy (receive) materials, such as clothes, quilts and school supplies. 39．In the 20th century, milk could be transported and became easier and gradually more popular worldwide. (preserve) 40．Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy (care) for and make great presents. 二、完成句子 41． ; they are powerful tools for networking and building communities. 社交媒体平台不仅仅是分享照片的地方；它们是强大的网络建设和社群构建工具。 42． I have that I don’t know those naughty boys. 我有如此多的家务要做以至于不知道该如何对付那些淘气的男孩。 43．It was not only for the delicious food that we seldom got to eat, but for the opportunity to . 不仅可以吃到平时难以吃到的美食，而且全家人能有机会团聚在一起。 44．The donator donated lots of money to charity, hoping his donation can make the world . 捐赠者向慈善机构捐赠了很多钱，希望他的捐赠能让世界变得更美好。 45．I will make the best of the opportunity . 我将充分利用这次与他们交换意见的机会。 46．We must start taking effective measures . 为了挽救我们自己，我们必须开始采取有效措施来保护环境。 47．One of their neighbours sent a text message . 他们的一个邻居发短信抱怨钢琴的声音。 48．But , we prepare Chinese dishes, too. 但是为了庆祝这个节日，我们也准备了中国菜。 49． , our government has set up some nature reserves. 我们的政府已建立一些自然保护区来保护大熊猫。 50．I was curious what would happen next. 我很好奇接下来会发生什么事。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $