Unit 1 Past and Present 重点单词,词性转换,短语,语法,句型精练-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（译林版）

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 1 Past and Present 单元重点单词变形短语语法句型精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 单元知识点默写 一、词性转换 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. south——__________（adj.）南部的 2. develop——__________（n.）发展 3. pioneer——__________（adj.）先锋的 4. culture——__________（adj.）文化的 5. wealth——__________（adj.）富有的 6. education——__________（adj.）教育的 7. creative——__________（n.）创造力 8. certain——__________（adv.）无疑；确定 9. hope——__________（adj.）满怀希望 10. report——__________（n.）记者 二、重点词组 1. __________________发生 2. __________________改革开放 3. __________________是……的核心 4. __________________科技巨头 5.__________________大量的；丰富的 6. __________________文化设施 7. __________________鼓励阅读 8. __________________生活质量 9. __________________ 绿色能源 10. __________________空气污染 11. __________________开拓精神 12. __________________生活条件 13.__________________公共交通 14. __________________爱上 15. __________________狭窄泥泞的 16.__________________由于；多亏 17.__________________现代化机器 18. __________________回到家乡 19.__________________曾经 20.__________________谋生 21.__________________n.小旅馆 22.__________________n.主题乐园 单元知识点习题训练 1、 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1．He is a (report) from a big newspaper and he often writes about transport. 2．In the far areas of western China, (education) resources are not as developed as those in the eastern parts. 3．Our hometown (change) a lot over the past ten years. 4．There (use) to be a small park here, but now it’s a shopping mall. 5．They (raise) more than 10,000 yuan for the poor children so far. 6．We like to visit the park on weekdays because it is quiet and (crowd). 7．Riding a bike is often (convenient) than driving a car in the city center during the day. 8．Long-distance (coach) are usually cheaper than trains, but they take more time. 9．The rapid (develop) of Shenzhen from a small fishing village to a modern city is a great success story. 10．After a long day of hiking, it felt so (comfort) to finally sit on the soft sofa. 11．Every (village) in the small town is excited about the new library that will be built next year. 12．The path became very (mud) after the heavy rain, so we had to walk carefully. 13．The museum exhibition showed many of the early (pioneer) inventions and discoveries. 14．The (wealth) businessman donated money to build a new library in the town. 15．If you work hard, you will (certain) succeed in reaching your dreams. 16．She is one of the (lead) scientists in the field of environmental protection. 17．The (south) part of the country is famous for its warm weather and beaches. 18． (creat)is important for solving problems in new and useful ways. 19．Good (educate) helps people to think critically and build a better future. 20．—Has Tom returned the book to the library? —Yes, he returned it (recent). 二、根据汉语提示完成单词(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 21．The (环境) around us is very important to our health. 22．There is a big (市场) near my home. I often buy vegetables there. 23．The (运输) in our city is very convenient now. 24．My cousin has just come back from (国外) and he brought me a gift. 25．My grandparents often (交谈) about their past lives with us. 26．We can see the (污染) of the river from the dirty water and dead fish. 27．My uncle has worked in this factory since he left (大学). 28．Mike has (已经，早已) finished his project. 29．Huawei is a (先锋) in the high-tech field in China. 30． (旅游业) is very important to the economy of this coastal city because it creates many jobs. 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分) 31．过去，人们住在一排排的老房子里。 , people lived in . 32．现代技术使人们的生活变得容易得多。 Modern technologies . 33．当你踏上家乡宽阔干净的道路时，你会感到骄傲。 When you , you will . 34．像华为和腾讯这样的科技巨头正在全球范围内展开竞争。 like Huawei and Tencent are competing globally. 35．他以前每天坐公交车上学，但现在他走路去，因为更健康。 He to school every day, but now he walks because it’s healthier. 36．近年来，我们城市发生了巨大的变化。 Great changes in our city in recent years. 37．我爸爸过去常坐公交车上班，但现在他经常坐高铁。 My father used to go to work by bus, but now he often takes the . 38．中国的太空计划正以惊人的速度取得进展。 China’s space program is making progress at . 39．多亏了消防员的快速反应，这家人被安全救出。 the quick response of the firefighters, the family was saved safely. 40．在参加了她的第一场音乐会后，她开始爱上古典音乐。 She began to classical music after attending her first concert. 四、短文填空(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mike Moore 41 (visit) China more than 20 times since his first visit in 1984. In his eyes, the change of means of transportation (交通方式) in Chinese cities could show that China 42 (develop) a lot so far. “My 43 (one) impression (印象) of China was: 44 (thousand) of people in blue or green uniforms (制服) on bikes in the cities. After about 15 years, many people rode motorcycles (摩托车). Another five years later, you were able 45 (meet) more private cars in different colours,” he said. “Now you can see all kinds of cars in Chinese cities. They have no 46 (different) from other big cities in the world,” he went on. “From bikes to cars, you can feel that great changes 47 (take) place in China over the past few years,” Moore said. Moore described 48 (him) as a “China fan”. He said Chinese people have now become more confident, happier and healthier than before and that the living environment in big cities 49 (improve) too. He believes that China will be one of the 50 (strong) countries in the world in the future. And he’s looking forward to seeing that day. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the future, more and more people will move to big cities. To prepare for this, cities are becoming smarter and more efficient (有效率的) 51 the help of big data (大数据). The government 52 (collect) lots of important information already. 53 example, there are sensors (传感器) that measure (测量) noise, pollution and traffic. This is famous as “smart city technology (技术)”. In 54 future, the data will make our lives much 55   (easy) by helping us save energy and keep the city tidy. There might even be smart lamp posts (路灯柱) which can clean the air, or robots (机器人) that empty rubbish bins for 56 (we) when they are full. Experts believe that technology 57 (change) what cities look like in the future. If self-driving taxis can use smart city data to find the best way to take you to your destination (目的地), there will be much fewer traffic 58 (accident) and much more space for people to walk or ride a bike. People may stop 59 (buy) cars so that there may be less pollution. In a word, cities will be different in the future. What kind of city would you like 60 (live) in when you grow up? $ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 1 Past and Present 单元重点单词变形短语语法句型精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 单元知识点默写 一、词性转换 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. south——__________（adj.）南部的 2. develop——__________（n.）发展 3. pioneer——__________（adj.）先锋的 4. culture——__________（adj.）文化的 5. wealth——__________（adj.）富有的 6. education——__________（adj.）教育的 7. creative——__________（n.）创造力 8. certain——__________（adv.）无疑；确定 9. hope——__________（adj.）满怀希望 10. report——__________（n.）记者 1.southern；2.development；3.pioneering；4.cultural；5.wealthy；6.educational；7.creativity；8.certainly；9.hopeful; 10.reporter. 二、重点词组 1. take place 发生 2. reform and opening up 改革开放 3. lie at the heart of 是……的核心 4. tech giants 科技巨头 5. a wealth of 大量的；丰富的 6. cultural facilities 文化设施 7. encourage reading 鼓励阅读 8. quality of life 生活质量 9. green energy 绿色能源 10. air pollution 空气污染 11. pioneering spirit 开拓精神 12. living conditions 生活条件 13. public transport 公共交通 14. fall in love with 爱上 15. narrow and muddy 狭窄泥泞的 16. thanks to 由于；多亏 17. modern machines 现代化机器 18. return to one's hometown 回到家乡 19.used to曾经 20.make a living谋生 21.guest house n.小旅馆 22.theme park n.主题乐园 单元知识点习题训练 1、 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1．He is a (report) from a big newspaper and he often writes about transport. 【答案】reporter 【详解】句意：他是一家大报社的记者，经常写有关交通的报道。report“报道”，根据“He is a...”可知，此处指他是一名记者，reporter“记者”，可数名词，根据“a”可知，应用单数，故填reporter。 2．In the far areas of western China, (education) resources are not as developed as those in the eastern parts. 【答案】educational 【详解】句意：在中国西部偏远地区，教育资源不如东部发达。空处修饰名词resources，用形容词educational作定语。故填educational。 3．Our hometown (change) a lot over the past ten years. 【答案】has changed 【详解】句意：我们的家乡在过去十年里发生了很大变化。根据“over the past ten years”可知，时态用现在完成时，主语Our hometown是第三人称单数，助动词用has，change的过去分词为changed。故填has changed。 4．There (use) to be a small park here, but now it’s a shopping mall. 【答案】used 【详解】句意：这里过去有一个小公园，但现在它是一个购物中心。used to do sth“过去常常做某事”，表示过去存在的状态或习惯，故填used。 5．They (raise) more than 10,000 yuan for the poor children so far. 【答案】have raised 【详解】句意：到目前为止，他们已经为贫困儿童筹集了一万多元。“so far”是现在完成时的标志词，主语“They”是复数，“raise”的现在完成时形式是“have raised”。故填have raised。 6．We like to visit the park on weekdays because it is quiet and (crowd). 【答案】uncrowded 【详解】句意：我们喜欢在工作日去公园，因为安静且不拥挤。根据“We like to visit the park on weekdays”可知，在工作日去公园是不拥挤的，空处用形容词uncrowded“不拥挤的”，与quiet并列作表语。故填uncrowded。 7．Riding a bike is often (convenient) than driving a car in the city center during the day. 【答案】more convenient 【详解】句意：在城市中心，白天骑自行车通常比开车更方便。convenient“方便的，便捷的”，形容词，再结合空后介词than可知，此处应指骑自行车比开车更便捷，应用其对应的形容词的比较级形式more convenient作表语。故填more convenient。 8．Long-distance (coach) are usually cheaper than trains, but they take more time. 【答案】coaches 【详解】句意：长途客车通常比火车便宜，但需要更多的时间。coach “客车”，可数名词单数，根据“are usually cheaper than trains”此部分的“trains”可知，“trains”是可数名词复数形式，是前面的“客车”跟后面的“trains”比较，两者的数的形式需要保持一致，后者是可数名词的复数形式，因此前者也需要可数名词的复数形式，因此“coach”需用可数名词的复数形式“coaches”。故填coaches。 9．The rapid (develop) of Shenzhen from a small fishing village to a modern city is a great success story. 【答案】development 【详解】句意：深圳从一个小渔村迅速发展为一个现代化城市，这是一段极为辉煌的成功历程。develop“发展”，动词，位于形容词rapid之后，需使用其名词形式development，不可数名词。故填development。 10．After a long day of hiking, it felt so (comfort) to finally sit on the soft sofa. 【答案】comfortable 【详解】句意：经过一整天的徒步旅行，最终坐在柔软的沙发上感觉非常舒服。“feel”是系动词，后接形容词作表语。“comfort”的形容词形式为“comfortable”，意为“舒服的”。故填comfortable。 11．Every (village) in the small town is excited about the new library that will be built next year. 【答案】villager 【详解】句意：小镇上的每一位村民都对明年将要建成的新图书馆感到兴奋。village“村庄”，根据“Every...in the small town is excited...”可知，此处指小镇上的村民，villager“村民”，every后接单数名词。故填villager。 12．The path became very (mud) after the heavy rain, so we had to walk carefully. 【答案】muddy 【详解】句意：大雨过后，小路变得非常泥泞，所以我们不得不小心行走。mud“泥”，名词。根据“The path became very...”可知，此处需填形容词作表语，mud的形容词形式为muddy“泥泞的”。故填muddy。 13．The museum exhibition showed many of the early (pioneer) inventions and discoveries. 【答案】pioneers’ 【详解】句意：博物馆的展览展示了许多早期先驱们的发明和发现。“pioneer”意为“先驱”，是可数名词；根据“many of…”和“inventions and discoveries”可知，这些成果属于“先驱们”，此处可以用名词复数的所有格形式“pioneers’”来表示所属关系。故填pioneers’。 14．The (wealth) businessman donated money to build a new library in the town. 【答案】wealthy 【详解】句意：这位富商捐钱在镇上建了一座新图书馆。businessman是名词，需要形容词修饰，wealth的形容词是wealthy，表示“富裕的”。故填wealthy。 15．If you work hard, you will (certain) succeed in reaching your dreams. 【答案】certainly 【详解】句意：如果你努力工作，你一定会成功实现梦想。certain“确定的”，此处修饰动词succeed，需用其副词形式certainly。故填certainly。 16．She is one of the (lead) scientists in the field of environmental protection. 【答案】leading 【详解】句意：她是环境保护领域的顶尖科学家之一。lead“引领”，动词，此处应用形容词修饰名词，lead的形容词形式为leading。故填leading。 17．The (south) part of the country is famous for its warm weather and beaches. 【答案】southern 【详解】句意：这个国家的南部地区因温暖的天气和海滩而闻名。根据空后“part”可知，空处需用形容词修饰空后的名词“part”，south“南，南方”，名词，其形容词形式为southern。故填southern。 18． (creat)is important for solving problems in new and useful ways. 【答案】Creativity 【详解】句意：创造力对于以新的和有用的方式解决问题很重要。creat “创造”，动词，根据此句的“ … is important for solving problems in new and useful ways.”可知，本句句型是主系表结构，此处需用名词的单数作主语，“creat”的名词形式是“creativity”，句首首字母大写。故填Creativity。 19．Good (educate) helps people to think critically and build a better future. 【答案】education 【详解】句意：良好的教育有助于人们进行批判性思考，创造更美好的未来。educate：教育，为动词。根据句子结构，此处应为名词作主语。故填education。 20．—Has Tom returned the book to the library? —Yes, he returned it (recent). 【答案】recently 【详解】句意：——汤姆把书还给图书馆了吗？——是的，他最近还了。根据“returned”可知，此处用副词修饰动词，recent的副词为recently。故填recently。 二、根据汉语提示完成单词(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 21．The (环境) around us is very important to our health. 【答案】environment 【详解】句意：我们周围的环境对我们的健康非常重要。根据汉语提示可知，environment意为“环境”，此处为不可数名词。故填environment。 22．There is a big (市场) near my home. I often buy vegetables there. 【答案】market 【详解】句意：我家附近有一个大市场。我经常在那里买蔬菜。根据“There is a big”可知，横线处需填名词，市场“market”，名词。故填market。 23．The (运输) in our city is very convenient now. 【答案】transport 【详解】句意：现在我们城市的交通非常便利。根据“The…in our city”可知，横线处需填名词作主语，运输“transport”，名词，不可数。故填transport。 24．My cousin has just come back from (国外) and he brought me a gift. 【答案】abroad 【详解】句意：我表哥刚从国外回来，他给我带了一份礼物。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填abroad“国外”。故填abroad。 25．My grandparents often (交谈) about their past lives with us. 【答案】talk 【详解】句意：我的祖父母经常和我们谈论他们过去的生活。根据“often”可知，该句时态为一般现在时，主语“My grandparents”是复数，谓语动词用原形，“交谈”的英文单词是talk，talk about表示“谈论”。故填talk。 26．We can see the (污染) of the river from the dirty water and dead fish. 【答案】pollution 【详解】句意：我们可以从脏水和死鱼中看到河流的污染。pollution“污染”，不可数名词，作动词see的宾语。故填pollution。 27．My uncle has worked in this factory since he left (大学). 【答案】college 【详解】句意：我叔叔自从大学毕业后就一直在这家工厂工作。根据汉语提示可知，college意为“大学”，名词。故填college。 28．Mike has (已经，早已) finished his project. 【答案】already 【详解】句意：迈克已经完成了他的项目。“已经，早已”对应的英文副词是already，它常用于现在完成时的肯定句中，强调动作“早已完成”。故填already。 29．Huawei is a (先锋) in the high-tech field in China. 【答案】pioneer 【详解】句意：华为是中国高科技领域的先锋。“先锋”对应的英文是“pioneer”，不定冠词a后用名词单数形式。故填pioneer。 30． (旅游业) is very important to the economy of this coastal city because it creates many jobs. 【答案】Tourism 【详解】句意：旅游业对这座沿海城市的经济非常重要，因为它创造了许多就业岗位。根据汉语提示可知，“旅游业”的英文是tourism，为不可数名词，句首字母大写。故填Tourism。 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分) 31．过去，人们住在一排排的老房子里。 , people lived in . 【答案】 In the past rows of old houses 【详解】根据中英对照可知，此处缺少“过去”和“一排排的老房子”。in the past“过去”；rows of“一排排的”。根据“一排拍的”可知，老房子应该用复数形式old houses。故填In the past；rows of old houses。 32．现代技术使人们的生活变得容易得多。 Modern technologies . 【答案】have made people’s lives much easier 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“使人们的生活变得容易得多”。“make sth.+形容词”是常用结构，意为“使某物变得……”；“人们的生活”对应“people's lives”，“容易得多”用“much easier”体现比较级；句子主语“Modern technologies”（现代技术）是复数，结合语境（技术对生活的影响是已发生的），用现在完成时“have made”。故填have made people’s lives much easier。 33．当你踏上家乡宽阔干净的道路时，你会感到骄傲。 When you , you will . 【答案】 step onto the wide and clean roads in your hometown feel proud 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“踏上家乡宽阔干净的道路”和“感到骄傲”。“踏上”常用表达为“step onto”，“家乡宽阔干净的道路”译为“the wide and clean roads in your hometown”，时间状语从句用一般现在时，主语为you，动词用原形，因此填step onto the wide and clean roads in your hometown。“感到骄傲”常用表达为“feel proud”，助动词will后用动词原形。故填step onto the wide and clean roads in your hometown；feel proud。 34．像华为和腾讯这样的科技巨头正在全球范围内展开竞争。 like Huawei and Tencent are competing globally. 【答案】Tech giants 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“科技巨头”的英文。名词短语tech giant表示“科技巨头”；由“are”可知，主语应该用复数形式且位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Tech giants。 35．他以前每天坐公交车上学，但现在他走路去，因为更健康。 He to school every day, but now he walks because it’s healthier. 【答案】used to take a bus 【详解】take a bus“乘坐公交车”，动词短语；used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”。故填used to take a bus。 36．近年来，我们城市发生了巨大的变化。 Great changes in our city in recent years. 【答案】have taken place 【详解】结合中英文提示可知，此处缺“(已经)发生”，再结合时间状语“in recent years”及语境可知，此处应指城市从过去(近年来)开始发生变化一直持续到现在，给现在的城市带来的结果或状态，即“城市已经发生了显著的变化”，时态应为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”，且该句主语“Great changes”为第三人称复数形式，助动词应用have；take place“发生”，为动词短语，此处应用take的过去分词与之构成现在完成时。故填have taken place。 37．我爸爸过去常坐公交车上班，但现在他经常坐高铁。 My father used to go to work by bus, but now he often takes the . 【答案】high-speed train 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“高铁”，对应英文固定表达为“high-speed train”，“take the high-speed train”意为“乘坐高铁”。故填high-speed train。 38．中国的太空计划正以惊人的速度取得进展。 China’s space program is making progress at . 【答案】an amazing speed 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“以惊人的速度”。“at+冠词+形容词+speed”是常用表达结构，意为“以某种速度”；amazing“惊人的”，形容词，修饰后面的名词speed；amazing以元音音素/ə/开头，所以使用不定冠词an，表泛指。故填an amazing speed。 39．多亏了消防员的快速反应，这家人被安全救出。 the quick response of the firefighters, the family was saved safely. 【答案】Thanks to 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“多亏了”。空格后“the quick response of the firefighters”是名词短语，故应用“Thanks to”连接。故填Thanks to。 40．在参加了她的第一场音乐会后，她开始爱上古典音乐。 She began to classical music after attending her first concert. 【答案】fall in love with 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“爱上”。“begin to do sth.”是固定结构，后接动词原形，“fall in love with”是固定短语，意为“爱上”。故填fall in love with。 四、短文填空(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mike Moore 41 (visit) China more than 20 times since his first visit in 1984. In his eyes, the change of means of transportation (交通方式) in Chinese cities could show that China 42 (develop) a lot so far. “My 43 (one) impression (印象) of China was: 44 (thousand) of people in blue or green uniforms (制服) on bikes in the cities. After about 15 years, many people rode motorcycles (摩托车). Another five years later, you were able 45 (meet) more private cars in different colours,” he said. “Now you can see all kinds of cars in Chinese cities. They have no 46 (different) from other big cities in the world,” he went on. “From bikes to cars, you can feel that great changes 47 (take) place in China over the past few years,” Moore said. Moore described 48 (him) as a “China fan”. He said Chinese people have now become more confident, happier and healthier than before and that the living environment in big cities 49 (improve) too. He believes that China will be one of the 50 (strong) countries in the world in the future. And he’s looking forward to seeing that day. 【答案】 41．has visited 42．has developed 43．first 44．thousands 45．to meet 46．difference 47．have taken 48．himself 49．has been improved 50．strongest 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Mike Moore对中国交通方式变化的观察和感受，他认为中国发生了巨大的变化，未来将成为世界上最强大的国家之一。 41． 句意：自1984年首次访问中国以来，Mike Moore已经访问中国超过20次。根据“since his first visit in 1984”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”，主语Mike Moore为第三人称单数，助动词用has，visit的过去分词为visited。故填has visited。 42．句意：在他看来，中国城市交通方式的变化表明，到目前为止中国已经取得了很大的发展。根据“so far”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”，主语China为第三人称单数，助动词用has，develop的过去分词为developed。故填has developed。 43．句意：我对中国的第一印象是：城市里有成千上万穿着蓝色或绿色制服骑自行车的人。根据“My...impression (印象) of China”可知，此处指第一印象，应用one的序数词first。故填first。 44．句意：我对中国的第一印象是：城市里有成千上万穿着蓝色或绿色制服骑自行车的人。thousands of表示“成千上万的”，固定短语。故填thousands。 45．句意：又过了五年，你可以看到更多不同颜色的私家车。be able to do sth表示“能够做某事”，固定短语，所以此处应用meet的动词不定式to meet。故填to meet。 46．句意：它们与世界上其他大城市没有什么不同。have no difference from表示“与……没有不同”，固定短语，所以此处应用different的名词difference。故填difference。 47．句意：从自行车到汽车，你可以感受到中国在过去几年里发生了巨大的变化。根据“over the past few years”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”，主语great changes为复数，助动词用have，take的过去分词为taken。故填have taken。 48．句意：Moore称自己为“中国迷”。根据“Moore described...as a ‘China fan’.”可知，此处指Moore称自己，应用反身代词himself表示“他自己”。故填himself。 49．句意：他说，中国人现在比以前更加自信、快乐和健康，大城市的生活环境也得到了改善。根据“He said Chinese people have now become more confident, happier and healthier than before and that the living environment in big cities...too.”可知，此处指生活环境被改善，应用被动语态，其结构为“be+动词过去分词”，根据“have now become”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，所以此处应用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为“have/has been+动词过去分词”，主语the living environment为第三人称单数，助动词用has，improve的过去分词为improved。故填has been improved。 50．句意：他相信中国未来将成为世界上最强大的国家之一。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数表示“最……之一”，所以此处应用strong的最高级strongest。故填strongest。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the future, more and more people will move to big cities. To prepare for this, cities are becoming smarter and more efficient (有效率的) 51 the help of big data (大数据). The government 52 (collect) lots of important information already. 53 example, there are sensors (传感器) that measure (测量) noise, pollution and traffic. This is famous as “smart city technology (技术)”. In 54 future, the data will make our lives much 55   (easy) by helping us save energy and keep the city tidy. There might even be smart lamp posts (路灯柱) which can clean the air, or robots (机器人) that empty rubbish bins for 56 (we) when they are full. Experts believe that technology 57 (change) what cities look like in the future. If self-driving taxis can use smart city data to find the best way to take you to your destination (目的地), there will be much fewer traffic 58 (accident) and much more space for people to walk or ride a bike. People may stop 59 (buy) cars so that there may be less pollution. In a word, cities will be different in the future. What kind of city would you like 60 (live) in when you grow up? 【答案】 51．with 52．has collected 53．For 54．the 55．easier 56．us 57．will change 58．accidents 59．buying 60．to live 【导语】本文主要讲述了随着越来越多的人搬到大城市，城市在大数据的帮助下变得更加智能和高效，介绍了智能城市技术及其对未来城市生活的影响。 51． 句意：为了应对这一情况，城市正在大数据的帮助下变得更加智能和高效。根据“cities are becoming smarter and more efficient…the help of big data”可知，此处指在大数据的帮助下，with the help of“在……的帮助下”。故填with。 52．句意：政府已经收集了很多重要的信息。根据“already”可知，句子是现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语“The government”是单数，助动词用has，collect的过去分词是collected。故填has collected。 53．句意：例如，有测量噪音、污染和交通的传感器。for example“例如”，固定短语。故填For。 54．句意：在未来，这些数据将通过帮助我们节约能源和保持城市整洁，使我们的生活更加轻松。in the future“在未来”，固定短语。故填the。 55．句意：在未来，这些数据将通过帮助我们节约能源和保持城市整洁，使我们的生活更加轻松。much修饰形容词比较级，easy的比较级是easier。故填easier。 56．句意：甚至可能会有智能路灯柱可以清洁空气，或者当垃圾桶满了时为我们清空垃圾桶的机器人。根据“for…(we)”可知，介词for后接人称代词宾格。we的宾格是us，故填us。 57．句意：专家认为，技术将改变未来城市的面貌。根据“in the future”可知，句子是一般将来时，结构为“will+动词原形”。故填will change。 58．句意：如果自动驾驶出租车可以利用智能城市数据找到带你去目的地的最佳路线，那么交通事故将会大大减少，人们步行或骑自行车的空间也会大大增加。根据“much fewer traffic…(accident)”可知，此处指交通事故，accident是可数名词，fewer后接可数名词复数。故填accidents。 59．句意：人们可能会停止买车，这样污染可能会减少。stop doing sth“停止做某事”。故填buying。 60．句意：你长大后想住在什么样的城市？would like to do sth“想要做某事”。故填to live。 $